Power Ladders
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POWER LADDERS hen it comes to creating to address such communities’ challenges. lasting community change, Alternately, a resident-centered, asset-based Therefore, a focus on resident agency is also a approach to community change begins with and focus on restoring equity, power, and justice. Wwho do we see as powerful? builds upon the irreplaceable local resources and Who do we see as the “leaders” we most need? momentum of what ordinary residents can and want For local organizations like museums or libraries to do themselves. This can take countless forms: seeking to help solve complex community issues If we’re honest, we might admit that too often we the passion and skills of “block Moms” finding or realize local aspirations, one key ingredient to success is their willingness to step outside look to organizations and traditional leaders to ways to protect neighbor kids, residents working together to plant trees and educate others about of the traditional path of institutional solutions, create the change we need. But in reality, everyone environmental issues, skill-shares, mutual support to “lead by stepping back” in ways that make has the power to improve their community and groups, or a neighbor-led effort to restore important space for resident leadership, and to make a make an impact around important local issues rights to ex-offenders. When the existing skills and commitment “come alongside” residents and - especially the residents of that community! will for change among neighbors are connected neighbors in ways that help them unlock their and activated, the possibilities are endless! capacities to lead the change they wish to see. Every neighborhood has people with the gifts and assets to create the change that is needed. This approach is valuable for many reasons, The art of sharing and shifting power toward Yet too often, community members don’t see not least of which is that those who are directly a community-driven approach is rarely easy themselves as powerful and buy into the myth experiencing an issue and living within a or straightforward. For this reason, tools like that help must always come from outside. community are the best equipped to lead its the Power Ladder are invaluable for providing Organizations and their staff who initiate or invest transformation. From a social justice perspective, anyone aspiring to build resident power in local change efforts are often accustomed to marginalized communities are often sidelined in with a way to clearly visualize actual power seeing other professionals, staffed programs or major decision-making processes regarding their dynamics while also discussing with their elected officials as key drivers and problem-solvers, lives and communities, which marginalization communities opportunities for supporting with residents playing more passive roles such as and disinvestment as funding and control flows increasing resident control that best match recipients or information sources for others’ work. to externally-controlled agents who are assigned all participants’ capacities and motivations. Residents in Control Residents control goal setting, planning and implementation. While each of the following tools can be utilized as best fits your project Residents as Advisors / Advocates or community, we have found them to be most useful in the following Residents participate in goal setting, planning & implementation. sequence: Residents may serve on governing body, advisory group, or as advocates for the organization. 1. Resident Power Ladder — Desk Review 15–30 minutes Residents as Information Sources Residents participate as part of focus groups. Staff consults For people who work for or lead an organization (board members, with residents. Residents fill out surveys. key volunteers), group or coalition to look at what their organization is engaged in and how it might work to support residents and/or Residents as Recipients their target population move up the ladder. This can be a good way Residents receive services or information. to prepare for a “community review” session (below). Worksheet: Resident Power Ladder “Desk Review” Source: The ABCD Institute ABCD Institute The Source: Residents in Control — Residents control goal setting, planning and implementation. 2. Resident Power Ladder In-Person Community Review TOOL OVERVIEW 40–60 minutes This participatory, in-person exercise can be done in a community Residents as Advisors / Advocates As you think about the first steps in embracing resident Residents participate in goal setting, planning & implementation. meeting to reveal where the community has power and where it wants leadership and enlisting other organizations in partnership, it Residents may serve on governing body, advisory group, or as to and might focus on expanding its power. This raises the question advocates for the organization. helps to first look clearly at the power individuals and groups in the community actually hold in relation to your work. and requires discussion of, “How can the agencies/institutions that are often charged with running a program lead by stepping back?” (See Residents as Information Sources The Resident Power Ladder tool can serve several purposes for those exercise in next section.) Residents participate as part of focus groups. Staff consults seeking to mobilize community capacities around any given issue: with residents. Residents fill out surveys. NOTE: If you don’t yet have relationships with residents who can join a “Community • Create clarity for you and for others working on your project around Review,” you can hold this exercise with project and organizational staff and the current role of residents and resident-led associations in your organizational stakeholders. Once you have engaged more deeply with residents, Residents as Recipients project(s) we recommend holding this process again with them. Residents receive services or information. Source: The ABCD Institute • Reveal strategic opportunities for strengthening their role in ways that make sense for your project, organization and community capacities & context, and Another way to visualize approaches to engaging with residents and community: • Surface insights and data around how this role has shifted from the beginning of your project. Has community members’ power grown through your work? If so, how? INFORM CONSULT INVOLVE COLLABORATE EMPOWER To provide stake- To obtain To work directly To partner Shared leadership holders with stakeholder with stakehold- with of community-led GOAL balanced and feedback ers throughout stakeholders projects with fi nal objective informa- on analysis, the process in each decision-making tion to assist them alternatives, to ensure that aspect of the at the community in understanding and/or their concerns decision from level. the problem, decisions. and aspirations development alternatives and are consistently to solution. solutions. understood. “Here’s what’s “Here are some “Here’s a “Let’s work “You care about happening.“ options, what problem, what together to this issue and do you think?“ ideas do you solve this are leading an STYLE have?“ problem.“ initiative, how can we support you?“ Source: Tamarack Institute. Adapted from the IAP2 Public Participation Spectrum POWER LADDER: • Where are residents in control and/ or make decisions - most associations, IN-PERSON EXERCISE some participatory budgeting processes, voting, block parties, mini- grant programs, tool sharing, community gardens, etc.? 1. Prepare 4. Assess: “Where are we NOW?“ Materials needed: • index cards or large sticky notes After everyone understands the differences between these roles, have the group • markers walk over to the floor pyramid you have made and place their role / program • painter’s/masking tape cards in the pyramid according to the role residents play in that program. • a clear floor/wall space where tape, cards/notes can be placed After everyone has placed their cards, stand around the pyramid. Pick • Powerpoint/display of Power a couple cards from each level and ask the person who wrote it to Ladder image and definitions describe that role or program and why they put it at that level. (see previous page) Discuss a couple at each level, then ask the group for their impressions of how the 1. Put index cards on each table. (3–4 cards are distributed. The group may choose to redistribute based on discussion. per participant) TIP: Take photos! Document each stage of the ladder’s formation, making sure all cards are legible. 2. Prepare 4 ‘role of residents’ index cards by writing “Receive’’ on one, Take close-ups if necessary, so that anyone who was not present can understand the pyramid. “Inform” on one, “Advise / Advocate” on one and “Control” on one. 3. On the floor or wall, use tape to make a pyramid with four levels (see photo). “Where were we BEFORE?“ 4. Place 1 of the 4 index cards describing the roles in each level in the same 5. Reflect: order as the power ladder. “Receive” on the bottom, then “Inform,” then Once everyone is satisfied with how the cards “Advise,” and then “Control” on top. are distributed, ask what is different now from when they began the project or program. 2. Identify Activities / Programs Have the group then discuss where the cards/ Before you show the power ladder slide, ask participants to identify 3-4 roles would have been when the project programs, initiatives or, if you are focusing on one program in particular, began, and re-position cards accordingly. activities within a program that they conduct with residents or with your Check in to make sure everyone is in target population. agreement about card placement. If you are working on a new project or program, Participants then write down the name of the programs, initiatives, or NOTE: you could either skip this step, or discuss activities on the index cards at their table — one program or activity per past dynamics within your community related card. Use thick markers so cards can be read from a short distance. to your organization, coalition or group. 3. Tour the Ladder Next, show the power ladder slide and review the variable roles residents 6.