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Home , Emancipation Oak, Endview Plantation, Fort Monroe, Fort Sumter, Hilton Village, John Ericsson

Newport News Civil War Sites and Related Attractions Please Note: It is recommended that you begin your tour at the Museum at . For driving directions to a specific individual site, call the Newport News Visitor Center at 757-886-7777.

Key 6 Congress and Cumberland Overlook 12 Battle of Lee’s Mill 2700 Block West Avenue, Newport News, VA 300 Block Rivers Ridge Circle, U Admission ; Handicapped accessible 23607 Newport News, VA 23608 . P Time to tour Q Motorcoach parking Directions: From the James A. Fields House, head d Directions: From Warwick Court House, turn left onto R Walking distance northeast on 27th St. to Madison Ave. Turn right on n C w Old Courthouse Way, then left onto Warwick Blvd. o Madison and right again onto 26th St. Follow signs to t G Follow Warwick Blvd. for approximately 2.8 miles, then rk e stay on 26th St. Turn right onto West Ave. Overlook is o Yo r turn left at Lee’s Mill Dr. Turn left onto Rivers Ridge Please call individual attractions to verify days and hours of operation. g in Park on the left. e N 15 W Circle. Site is approximately 0.3 miles on the left. 1 Casemate Museum and Fort Monroe a P 30 mins. | short | | some | Exit 6 from I-664 sh C ; Q in P 30 mins. | C short | Q some | Exit 250A from I-64 20 Bernard Road, Fort Monroe, VA 23651 gt 14 on CC M 757-788-3391 e Yo 7 War Museum NEWPORT NEWS m 13 Skiffes Creek Casemate Museum: http://www.tradoc.army.mil/ VISITOR CENTER . rk Rive WILLIAMSBURG H 9285 Warwick Boulevard, Newport News, VA 23607 64 . 200 Block Enterprise Drive, museum/museum.asp vd w Bl y 757-247-8523 is . 173 Fort Monroe: http://www.fmauthority.com/ 16 ust Newport News, VA 23607 t. E YORK COUNTY Daily, 10:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Museum gift shop. www.warmuseum.org F 17 Directions: From Lee’s Mill, continue on Rivers Ridge 105 Directions: I-64 E or W to Exit 268. Turn left at the light Monday – Saturday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and Sunday, 13 r Circle back to Lee’s Mill Dr. and turn left onto Warwick Blvd. Follow for approximately 0.9 miles and turn left onto S. Mallory St., then right at second light onto E. Noon to 5:00 p.m. Museum gift shop. Directions: From d. Mellen St. Follow E. Mellen St. into Fort Monroe, and Congress and Cumberland Overlook, follow West Blv onto Enterprise Dr. Site is approximately 0.4 miles on gh the left. then follow the signs to the museum. Avenue to 32nd Street and turn right. Follow 32nd bi 12 143 n Street to Warwick Blvd. and turn left. Follow Warwick e r. P 30 mins. | C short | ; | Q some | Exit 250A from I-64 P 1.5 hrs. | ; | | Exit 268 from I-64 D D Q e Blvd. for approximately 2.8 miles. Turn left at Hornet d 60 si Circle into Huntington Park. Follow signs to museum. ke BB La 2 Museum & 620 14 U | P 1.5 hours | ; | | Exit 263A or 258A from I-64 Old d Hampton University Q Denb a R . Je ig ian h Blvd./ Or 163 Yorktown Road, Newport News, VA 23608 11 Frissell Avenue, Hampton, VA 23669 | 757-727-5308 8 Causey’s Mill FORT ffe rso POQUOSON 757-888-3371 http://museum.hamptonu.edu 11700 Block Warwick Boulevard, EUSTIS 11 n www.leehall.org Newport News, VA 23606 vd. Monday - Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Saturday, Noon Av y Bl 171 January to March: Thursday-Saturday, 10:00 a.m. to to 4 p.m. Museum gift shop. Directions: I-64 E or W e Victor Directions: From the Virginia War Museum, turn left 60 . 4:00 p.m. and Sunday, 1:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. April to to Exit 267/Hampton University and follow the signs to back onto Warwick Blvd. Follow for approximately 3.3 December: Monday, Thursday & Friday, 10:00 a.m. to the museum. The museum is located in the Huntington miles through Historic and turn right at 4:00 p.m.; Saturday, 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and Sunday, 17 Building (the former library) on the grounds of the traffic light just past Lake Maury. Causey’s Mill is on the Ma Noon to 5:00 p.m. Museum gift shop. Directions: From r gruder Hampton University campus. right. ste Point Rd. Skiffes Creek, follow Enterprise Dr. back to Warwick Oy Bl Blvd. and turn left. Follow for approximately 0.7 P 2 hrs. | ; | Q | Exit 267 from I-64 P 30 mins. | C short | Q (across street) | Exit 258A 10 vd. from I-64 miles to intersection of Warwick Blvd. and Yorktown Rd. Take right fork onto Yorktown Rd. and follow for

. approximately 0.7 miles. Turn left into museum driveway. 3 -Merrimack Overlook 143 d 9 The Mariners’ Museum/USS Monitor Center v l 134 LANGLEY | P 1 hr. | short | limited | B U C ; Q 1500 Block 16th Street, Newport News, VA 23607 100 Museum Drive, Newport News, VA 23606 is orr AFB Exit 247 from I-64 Directions: From I-664 S, take Exit 4. Turn left onto e M 757-596-2222 or 800-581-7245 AA lyd C Chestnut Avenue, and then turn left onto 16th Street. . www.marinersmuseum.org J Overlook is on the right. 15 Normal operating hours are Monday - Saturday, 10:00 64 P 30 mins. | C short | ; | Q some | Exit 4 from I-664 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and Sunday, Noon to 5:00 p.m., but 8 362 Yorktown Road, Newport News, VA 23603 hours may vary by season. Visit the website or call for NENEWPORWPORTT 9 143 757-887-1862 the most up-to-date information. Museum gift shop W 17 HAMPTON www.endview.org 4 Newport News POW Camp Monument and café. Directions: From Causey’s Mill, turn right onto a rw January to March: Thursday-Saturday, 10:00 a.m. to 2700 Parrish Avenue, Newport News, VA 23607 Warwick Blvd. Follow for approximately 0.2 miles to NEWS ic NEWS 4:00 p.m. and Sunday, 1:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. April to intersection of Warwick Blvd. and Avenue of the Arts/J. k Directions: From Monitor-Merrimack Overlook, turn Bl . December: Monday, Thursday & Friday, 10:00 a.m. to Clyde Morris Blvd. Turn left and take first left onto vd left onto 16th St./Chesapeake Ave., then right onto Oak vd y Bl 4:00 p.m.; Saturday, 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and Sunday, Museum Dr. and follow into The Mariners’ Museum . ur Ave. Follow Oak Ave. to 27th St. Turn right onto 27th St. rc Noon to 5:00 p.m. Museum gift shop. Directions: From Park. Museum is on the left. Me and then left onto Parrish Ave. Follow Parrish Ave. into Lee Hall, turn left back onto Yorktown Rd. Follow P 258 Greenlawn Memorial Park, then follow Civil War Tour U | 4 hrs. | C short | ; | Q | Exit 258A from I-64 Modern Boundaries of the 7 for approximately 0.8 miles, through traffic light at signs, staying to the left where the road divides. City of Newport News 2 intersection of Jefferson Ave. and Yorktown Rd. Turn P 15 mins. | short | | Exit 4 from I-664 10 Young’s Mill right into museum driveway. C ; 664 13000 Block Warwick Boulevard, Confederate Defense Lines U | P 1 hr. | C short | ; limited | Q Newport News, VA 23602 A. First Line of Defense: Confederate fortifications stretching from 1 Exit 247 from I-64 5 James A. Fields House 143 Directions: From The Mariners’ Museum/USS Monitor Deep Creek to the ; abandoned on April 4, 1862. 617 27th Street, Newport News, VA 23607 Center main entrance, turn left onto Warwick Blvd./Rt. 4 B. Second Line of Defense: Confederate fortifications stretching 17 Chesapeake 60. Follow for approximately 3.5 miles. You will pass 6 St. 16 Battle of Dam No. 1 757-813-6014 from Lee’s Mill to Yorktown; site of Siege from th the mill, which is on the left. Make a U-turn to access 28 . Bay www.jamesafieldshouse.blogspot.com the site. April 5, 1862 to May 3, 1862. St 13560 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23603 16th NORFOLK & Open by appointment only. Call for details. Directions: P 15 mins. | ; | Exit 256A from I-64 C. Third Line of Defense: Confederate fortifications in Williamsburg 5 Daily, sunrise to sunset. Restrooms and gift shop at Return to Greenlawn Memorial Park entrance and turn between College and Queen’s creeks; scene of the May 5, 1862 VIRGINIA BEACH Visitor Center. Directions: From Endview, turn left onto right onto 28th St. Follow 28th St. for approximately Yorktown Rd., then left onto Jefferson Ave. Follow 11 . 1.3 miles to Jefferson Ave. Turn left onto Jefferson Ave. Warwick Court House 3 Jefferson Ave. for approximately 2.3 miles and turn left and left again onto 27th St. James A. Fields House is 14400 Block Old Courthouse Way, onto Constitution Way. The Visitor Center will be on on the left. Newport News, VA 23607 your left. Follow Constitution Way for approximately 1 mile to interpretive sign and parking area on the left or U | P 45 mins. | some | Exit 4 from I-664 Directions: From Young’s Mill, turn right onto Warwick Q Blvd. Make a U-turn at Oyster Point Rd. and continue Discovery Center on the right. west for approximately 2.0 miles on Warwick Blvd. This brochure has been published by the Newport News Tourism Development P 2 hrs. | long | limited | | Exit 250B from I-64 The Civil War Sesquicentennial will be commemorated through 2015. Check Office and is based on information provided to us. Every effort has been made to C ; Q Turn left at Denbigh Blvd. and then right onto Old ensure the accuracy of this information, but site and attraction details and fees Courthouse Way. Turn left onto Grissom Way and then the official Virginia Sesquicentennial website at www.VirginiaCivilWar.org and are subject to change. The Newport News Tourism Development Office is in no left into parking area. the Virginia Civil War Trails website at www.civilwartraveler.com for details. way liable for any changes or cancellations for whatever reason. www.VirginiaCivilWar.org P 15 mins. | ; | Q | Exit 255A from I-64

The Mariners’ Museum/ Civil War Children’s Camp USS Monitor Center Civil War Artifacts at Endview Plantation

remain in , the vast majority in an excellent excellent an in majority vast the Park, News Newport in remain strengthened their fortifications along the Warwick River. River. Warwick the along fortifications their strengthened

going on and what should become of you should I be killed,” killed,” be I should you of become should what and on going

a labyrinth and unique plantings. plantings. unique and labyrinth a

Butler refused, saying that the slaves were “contraband of of “contraband were slaves the that saying refused, Butler

Generations later, ten miles of Magruder’s original fortifications fortifications original Magruder’s of miles ten later, Generations From April 5 through May 3, 1862, both armies then built or or built then armies both 1862, 3, May through 5 April From

often thought of you and the little darlings when the fight was was fight the when darlings little the and you of thought often

area. Also on this site are the Abernathy Gardens, which feature feature which Gardens, Abernathy the are site this on Also area. demanded their return. Union Major General Benjamin F. F. Benjamin General Major Union return. their demanded

forces on besieging the Confederate Warwick-Yorktown Line. Line. Warwick-Yorktown Confederate the besieging on forces

with neither ship able to inflict a deathblow on the other. “I “I other. the on deathblow a inflict to able ship neither with

site details the early history of the surrounding Waters Creek Creek Waters surrounding the of history early the details site this location. this fortifications escaped to Fort Monroe. Their owner angrily angrily owner Their Monroe. Fort to escaped fortifications

plans for a rapid advance on Richmond and concentrated his his concentrated and Richmond on advance rapid a for plans

Register of Historic Places. Historic of Register

. For four hours, the ironclads dueled each other other each dueled ironclads the hours, four For . Virginia the

Register of Historic Places. The Founders’ Trail marker on this this on marker Trail Founders’ The Places. Historic of Register pursue the retreating Confederates, some of them crossed at at crossed them of some Confederates, retreating the pursue In May 1861, three slaves who had been laboring on Confederate Confederate on laboring been had who slaves three 1861, May In

Following the Battle of Lee’s Mill, McClellan abandoned his his abandoned McClellan Mill, Lee’s of Battle the Following

appearance. Endview Plantation is listed on the National National the on listed is Plantation Endview appearance.

approached approached Monitor the 1862, 9, March of light morning the In

Newport News’ agrarian past, the mill is listed on the National National the on listed is mill the past, agrarian News’ Newport of the Confederate capitol. As McClellan’s army began to to began army McClellan’s As capitol. Confederate the of oe r on M t r Fo

o. 1 o. N m Da f o ttle Ba and family bedroom have also been restored to their wartime wartime their to restored been also have bedroom family and

Lower Peninsula with its original machinery. As a reminder of of reminder a As machinery. original its with Peninsula Lower four critical weeks, ending McClellan’s plans for a swift capture capture swift a for plans McClellan’s ending weeks, critical four

4-1/2 inches of armor plate covered the deck. deck. the covered plate armor of inches 4-1/2 second depicts Endview under Union occupation. The parlor parlor The occupation. Union under Endview depicts second

shots of the Civil War were fired at . Fort at fired were War Civil the of shots

Completed in 1866, Causey’s Mill is the only gristmill left on the the on left gristmill only the is Mill Causey’s 1866, in Completed defensive lines had halted the Union march on Richmond for for Richmond on march Union the halted had lines defensive

. There were 8 inches of iron plate on the turret and and turret the on plate iron of inches 8 were There cannons. been interpreted as a Confederate hospital room, while a a while room, hospital Confederate a as interpreted been the National Register of Historic Places. Historic of Register National the

ur story begins story ur O

tremendous bombardment to cover their retreat. Magruder’s Magruder’s retreat. their cover to bombardment tremendous only weeks after the first first the after weeks only

rotating circular turret mounted with two 11-inch Dahlgren Dahlgren 11-inch two with mounted turret circular rotating civilian and military use during the Civil War. One room has has room One War. Civil the during use military and civilian strategic section of the Warwick-Yorktown Line and is listed on on listed is and Line Warwick-Yorktown the of section strategic

is now Causey’s Mill. Mill. Causey’s now is

On the night of May 3, 1862, the Confederates unleashed a a unleashed Confederates the 1862, 3, May of night the On

inventor , the Monitor featured a steam-powered steam-powered a featured Monitor the Ericsson, John inventor Endview has been restored and furnished to reflect both both reflect to furnished and restored been has Endview overlooking the Warwick River, Lee’s Mill Park preserves a a preserves Park Mill Lee’s River, Warwick the overlooking

Corps skirmished with Confederate pickets on the site of what what of site the on pickets Confederate with skirmished Corps

abandon the Warwick-Yorktown Line and retreat to Richmond. Richmond. to retreat and Line Warwick-Yorktown the abandon

A completely new concept in naval design by Swedish-born Swedish-born by design naval in concept new completely A to surround Magruder at Yorktown. Located on a 40-foot bluff bluff 40-foot a on Located Yorktown. at Magruder surround to photographs and letters are all awaiting your discovery. your awaiting all are letters and photographs

block their retreat to Williamsburg. Lead elements of the IV IV the of elements Lead Williamsburg. to retreat their block

and feared the coming Union barrage. He decided to to decided He barrage. artillery Union coming the feared and

war.

arrived in . Roads. Hampton in arrived Monitor USS the harbor, the of Yorktown defensive line halted McClellan’s flanking maneuver maneuver flanking McClellan’s halted line defensive Yorktown Confederate and Union soldiers and sailors, uniforms, weapons, weapons, uniforms, sailors, and soldiers Union and Confederate

was to outflank the Confederate garrison in Yorktown and and Yorktown in garrison Confederate the outflank to was

commander was not impressed with Magruder’s fortifications fortifications Magruder’s with impressed not was commander

forces at various times occupied Endview until the end of the the of end the until Endview occupied times various at forces

cast an eerie glow across the waters waters the across glow eerie an cast Congress burning the As The flooded Warwick River and the Confederate Warwick- Confederate the and River Warwick flooded The War Museum and the James A. Fields House. Memorials to to Memorials House. Fields A. James the and Museum War

past this location on the way to Young’s Mill. Keyes’s mission mission Keyes’s Mill. Young’s to way the on location this past

took command on the Peninsula. The new Confederate Confederate new The Peninsula. the on command took

Grays for her service. After the , Union Union Campaign, Peninsula the After service. her for Grays

look r ve O k ac im rr e M - r onito M “flames appeared on all sides” and he halted the advance. advance. the halted he and sides” all on appeared “flames of in the U.S. Armed Forces at the Virginia Virginia the at Forces Armed U.S. the in Americans African of

(present-day Warwick Boulevard) from Newport News Point Point News Newport from Boulevard) Warwick (present-day

General Joseph Johnston had arrived with his army and and army his with arrived had Johnston Joseph General and received an engraved silver cup from the Mecklenburg Mecklenburg the from cup silver engraved an received and

reported that as his men approached the Warwick River, River, Warwick the approached men his as that reported

or The Mariners’ Museum/USS Monitor Center. Trace the role role the Trace Center. Monitor Museum/USS Mariners’ The or

General Erasmus Keyes’s IV Corps up the Great Warwick Road Road Warwick Great the up Corps IV Keyes’s Erasmus General

and fire until early May. In mid-April, Confederate Confederate mid-April, In May. early until fire cannon and Curtis displayed great compassion in tending for the wounded wounded the for tending in compassion great displayed Curtis

off like pebble stones.” pebble like off

troops and massive earthen field fortifications. “Baldy” Smith Smith “Baldy” fortifications. field earthen massive and troops James A. Fields House, Endview Plantation, Lee Hall Mansion Mansion Hall Lee Plantation, Endview House, Fields A. James

On April 4, 1862, General McClellan dispatched Brigadier Brigadier dispatched McClellan General 1862, 4, April On

The lines along the Warwick River remained active with rifle rifle with active remained River Warwick the along lines The

a Confederate hospital in the spring of 1862. Maria Whitaker Whitaker Maria 1862. of spring the in hospital Confederate a

, “but glanced glanced “but , Virginia the on effect no had shot cannon Union

inaccurate maps. At Lee’s Mill, there were 1,800 Confederate Confederate 1,800 were there Mill, Lee’s At maps. inaccurate you attend one of our Civil War living history programs at the the at programs history living War Civil our of one attend you

ill M s ey’ s u a C

H of the 32nd Virginia Infantry. The home was used briefly as as briefly used was home The Infantry. Virginia 32nd the of H

from a newspaperman who witnessed the encounters, the the encounters, the witnessed who newspaperman a from

were unaware of the Warwick River’s true course, as they had had they as course, true River’s Warwick the of unaware were replica of this iconic ship. Meet a figure from the past when when past the from figure a Meet ship. iconic this of replica

the Medal of Honor for their gallantry on this day. day. this on gallantry their for Honor of Medal the

company, the Warwick Beauregards, which became Company Company became which Beauregards, Warwick the company,

match for the Confederate ironclad. According to a telegram telegram a to According ironclad. Confederate the for match

Great Warwick Road crossed the Warwick River. The Federals Federals The River. Warwick the crossed Road Warwick Great Mariners’ Museum, where you can walk the deck of a full-scale full-scale a of deck the walk can you where Museum, Mariners’

Causey’s Mill Causey’s and Private Julian Scott of the 3rd Vermont were later awarded awarded later were Vermont 3rd the of Scott Julian Private and

Whitaker in 1858. In 1861, Dr. Curtis organized a volunteer volunteer a organized Curtis Dr. 1861, In 1858. in Whitaker

that later exploded. The powerful Union wooden fleet was no no was fleet wooden Union powerful The exploded. later that

the Warwick County Court House toward Lee’s Mill, where the the where Mill, Lee’s toward House Court County Warwick the way. Learn about Union sailors aboard the USS Monitor at The The at Monitor USS the aboard sailors Union about Learn way.

broken through Magruder’s defenses. Captain Samuel Pingree Pingree Samuel Captain defenses. Magruder’s through broken

his medical practice at Endview in 1856 and married Maria Maria married and 1856 in Endview at practice medical his

into submission and reduced it to a blazing hulk hulk blazing a to it reduced and submission into Congress

On the afternoon of April 5, 1862, Union forces marched from from marched forces Union 1862, 5, April of afternoon the On the stories of the participants are told at each site along the the along site each at told are participants the of stories the

and Smith had not reinforced the 3rd Vermont when they had had they when Vermont 3rd the reinforced not had Smith and

William Harwood’s great-grandson. Dr. Curtis established established Curtis Dr. great-grandson. Harwood’s William shelled the the shelled Virginia the Next, men. 121 of loss the with sank

ill M s ee’ L f o ttle Ba As you continue your tour of the Civil War in Newport News, News, Newport in War Civil the of tour your continue you As

were repulsed by swift Confederate counterattacks. McClellan McClellan counterattacks. Confederate swift by repulsed were

purchased in the 1850s by Dr. Humphrey Harwood Curtis, Curtis, Harwood Humphrey Dr. by 1850s the in purchased was rammed and and rammed was Cumberland The . Congress USS 50-gun

drank the blood of many of our men in one brief hour,” they they hour,” brief one in men our of many of blood the drank

Completed in 1769 by William Harwood, Endview was was Endview Harwood, William by 1769 in Completed

and its sister vessel, the the vessel, sister its and Cumberland the both challenge as a Civil War nurse. War Civil a as . Constitution balloon observation Union the for site launching

remembered the battle site as “a creek with a wide dam which which dam wide a with creek “a as site battle the remembered

tion a nt a l P ndview E barn belching smoke,” emerged from the Elizabeth River to to River Elizabeth the from emerged smoke,” belching barn officer, as a Union prisoner and Tubman Harriet and prisoner Union a as Davis Jefferson officer,

The Warwick County Court House area was later used as a a as used later was area House Court County Warwick The

the river. Despite the heroism of the Green Mountain Boys, who who Boys, Mountain Green the of heroism the Despite river. the

, appearing like a “floating “floating a like appearing , Virginia the 1862, 8, March On historic -encircled fort, including Robert E. Lee as a young young a as Lee E. Robert including fort, moat-encircled historic

Line, General Keyes used the building as his headquarters. headquarters. his as building the used Keyes General Line,

Smith sent four companies of the 3rd Vermont Infantry across across Infantry Vermont 3rd the of companies four sent Smith Historic Homes Historic

1861, many famous people have also walked the grounds at this this at grounds the walked also have people famous many 1861,

subsequent siege of the Confederate Warwick-Yorktown Warwick-Yorktown Confederate the of siege subsequent

Union artillery shelled the Confederates at Dam No. 1, and and 1, No. Dam at Confederates the shelled artillery Union

with a 6-foot long, 1,500-pound cast-iron ram. ram. cast-iron 1,500-pound long, 6-foot a with

in the . A shelter for escaped slaves beginning in in beginning slaves escaped for shelter A States. United the in

and its grounds renamed Camp . During the the During Scott. Winfield Camp renamed grounds its and

they had created a formidable water barrier. On April 16, 1862, 1862, 16, April On barrier. water formidable a created had they

inches of oak and pine. Armed with 10 guns, she was also fitted fitted also was she guns, 10 with Armed pine. and oak of inches

Begin your tour at Fort Monroe, the largest stone fort ever built built ever fort stone largest the Monroe, Fort at tour your Begin

that afternoon. The court house, built in 1810, was looted looted was 1810, in built house, court The afternoon. that originally Warwick County. Warwick originally

prewar tidal mill dams at Lee’s Mill and Wynne’s Mill. Thus, Thus, Mill. Wynne’s and Mill Lee’s at dams mill tidal prewar

and then covering it with 4 inches of iron plate on top of 22 22 of top on plate iron of inches 4 with it covering then and

Federals reached the Warwick County Court House later later House Court County Warwick the reached Federals markers on this site detail some of the early history of what was was what of history early the of some detail site this on markers

constructed three earthen dams on the Warwick beyond the the beyond Warwick the on dams earthen three constructed

, by cutting the hull down to the waterline waterline the to down hull the cutting by , Merrimack USS the and common soldiers. common and

April 5, 1862, continued leading the IV Corps’ advance. The The advance. Corps’ IV the leading continued 1862, 5, April on the National Register of Historic Places. The Founders’ Trail Trail Founders’ The Places. Historic of Register National the on

that stretched across the Peninsula. the across stretched that

Confederate line at Dam No. 1. The Confederates had had Confederates The 1. No. Dam at line Confederate

from the former steam , frigate, steam former the from Virginia CSS the converted had and white, slave and free, rich and poor, decorated generals generals decorated poor, and rich free, and slave white, and

After encamping at Young’s Mill, General Smith’s Division on on Division Smith’s General Mill, Young’s at encamping After

danger, and perhaps Virginia overrun.” Skiffes Creek is listed listed is Creek Skiffes overrun.” Virginia perhaps and danger,

Major General John B. Magruder’s three lines of fortifications fortifications of lines three Magruder’s B. John General Major

the Confederates, and he convinced McClellan to test the the test to McClellan convinced he and Confederates, the

. The Confederates Confederates The . Virginia ram ironclad Confederate powerful Civil War is the story of the people – men and women, black black women, and men – people the of story the is War Civil

e s Hou t r Cou County k c wi War

Island will be made impregnable, else the Peninsula will be in in be will Peninsula the else impregnable, made be will Island

Virginia could save their capital. In his path stood Confederate Confederate stood path his In capital. their save could Virginia

commanders. “Baldy” Smith perceived that they outnumbered outnumbered they that perceived Smith “Baldy” commanders.

, the first wooden ship to fall victim to the the to victim fall to ship wooden first the , Cumberland USS extraordinary collections of personal artifacts. The story of the the of story The artifacts. personal of collections extraordinary

1862 that he could “only hope that Yorktown and Mulberry Mulberry and Yorktown that hope “only could he that 1862

to capture Richmond before the Confederates in Northern Northern in Confederates the before Richmond capture to

Magruder’s ploy, however, did not convince all of the Union Union the of all convince not did however, ploy, Magruder’s

Deep beneath the James River lie the remains of the 24-gun 24-gun the of remains the lie River James the beneath Deep with historic homes, battle sites, fortifications, monuments and and monuments fortifications, sites, battle homes, historic with in the area. the in

essential, writing to Confederate General Robert E. Lee in early early in Lee E. Robert General Confederate to writing essential,

Monroe. His plan called for a rapid advance up the Peninsula Peninsula the up advance rapid a for called plan His Monroe.

look r ve O nd a l r Cumbe nd a ss e r Cong

Today, Newport News pays tribute to the heroes of the past past the of heroes the to tribute pays News Newport Today,

this site details the history of what was probably the first mill mill first the probably was what of history the details site this

to Skiffes Creek. Magruder considered these fortifications fortifications these considered Magruder Creek. Skiffes to him ….” him and move his 121,500-man Army of the Potomac to Fort Fort to Potomac the of Army 121,500-man his move and

winter than we had ourselves.” The Founders’ Trail marker on on marker Trail Founders’ The ourselves.” had we than winter

earthworks stretched from Lee’s Mill on the Warwick River River Warwick the on Mill Lee’s from stretched earthworks

thousand before McClellan like fireflies and utterly deluded deluded utterly and fireflies like McClellan before thousand outflank the strong Confederate defenses in Virginia Northern in defenses Confederate strong the outflank eninsula Campaign Sites Campaign eninsula P 1862

home front. home

they had enjoyed much more comfortable quarters during the the during quarters comfortable more much enjoyed had they

Designed to guard Magruder’s James River flank, five five flank, River James Magruder’s guard to Designed

Charleston, S.C., diarist, “how [Magruder] played his ten ten his played [Magruder] “how diarist, S.C., Charleston, planned advance to Richmond. General McClellan wanted to to wanted McClellan General Richmond. to advance planned

Lee Hall Mansion found new challenges as they worked on the the on worked they as challenges new found Mansion Hall Lee

left quite a village of huts or barracks, and from appearances, appearances, from and barracks, or huts of village a quite left

extensive earthen fortifications built across . Island. Mulberry across built fortifications earthen extensive

“It was a wonderful thing,” wrote Mary Chestnut, the the Chestnut, Mary wrote thing,” wonderful a was “It the focus shifted to Union Major General George B. McClellan’s McClellan’s B. George General Major Union to shifted focus the

Maria Whitaker Curtis of Endview Plantation and Martha Lee of of Lee Martha and Plantation Endview of Curtis Whitaker Maria

1862. Afterwards, Union Private Wilbur Fisk wrote, “The rebels rebels “The wrote, Fisk Wilbur Private Union Afterwards, 1862.

Hampton Roads. Roads. Hampton

On May 3, 1862, the Confederates also abandoned the the abandoned also Confederates the 1862, 3, May On

Following these two historic naval battles off Newport News, News, Newport off battles naval historic two these Following

growing role in the U.S. Armed Forces. Local women such as as such women Local Forces. Armed U.S. the in role growing

Confederate troops who abandoned this position on April 4, 4, April on position this abandoned who troops Confederate

enemy, at as many different points of the line as possible.” as line the of points different many as at enemy, early spring 1862, all eyes turned to the and and Peninsula Virginia the to turned eyes all 1862, spring early eek r C s e ff Ski

two Medals of Honor. African Americans also experienced a a experienced also Americans African Honor. of Medals two

William “Baldy” Smith’s division of the IV Corps briefly engaged engaged briefly Corps IV the of division Smith’s “Baldy” William

of the day ... with no other view than to show ourselves to the the to ourselves show to than view other no with ... day the of fortifications from the summer of 1861 to the spring of 1862. In In 1862. of spring the to 1861 of summer the from fortifications Modern naval warfare was forever changed. changed. forever was warfare naval Modern

first battle between ironclad warships and the awarding of of awarding the and warships ironclad between battle first

toward the Warwick County Court House, Brigadier General General Brigadier House, Court County Warwick the toward

and his fellow Confederate soldiers “have been traveling most most traveling been “have soldiers Confederate fellow his and African-American labor in the construction of their defensive defensive their of construction the in labor African-American December 31, 1862 – but their imprint on history was assured. assured. was history on imprint their but – 1862 31, December Historic Places. Historic

dying. The Civil War in Newport News witnessed the world’s world’s the witnessed News Newport in War Civil The dying.

position overlooking the Great Warwick Road. On their march march their On Road. Warwick Great the overlooking position

Edmund Dewitt Patterson of the 4th wrote that he he that wrote Alabama 4th the of Patterson Dewitt Edmund this act, Confederate forces on the Peninsula continued using using continued Peninsula the on forces Confederate act, this sank in the waters off Cape Hatteras on on Hatteras Cape off waters the in sank Monitor the and hands, Battle of Dam No. 1 site is listed on the National Register of of Register National the on listed is site 1 No. Dam of Battle

fire, the shout of orders and the cries of the wounded and the the and wounded the of cries the and orders of shout the fire,

had camped near Young’s Mill and fortified this strategic strategic this fortified and Mill Young’s near camped had

the Federals into over-estimating his troop strength. Private Private strength. troop his over-estimating into Federals the stand, passing the cautiously worded Confiscation Act. Despite Despite Act. Confiscation worded cautiously the passing stand, its crew on May 11, 1862, when its home port fell into Union Union into fell port home its when 1862, 11, May on crew its battle site are on view at the Park’s Discovery Center. The The Center. Discovery Park’s the at view on are site battle

Warwick Road, the thunder of cannon and the crack of rifle rifle of crack the and cannon of thunder the Road, Warwick

line across the Peninsula. For almost one year, the Confederates Confederates the year, one almost For Peninsula. the across line

Army of the Peninsula along the Warwick River and tricked tricked and River Warwick the along Peninsula the of Army Fort Monroe. In August, Congress officially endorsed Butler’s Butler’s endorsed officially Congress August, In Monroe. Fort was destroyed by by destroyed was Virginia the – again fought never ironclads a monument to the 3rd Vermont Infantry. Artifacts from the the from Artifacts Infantry. Vermont 3rd the to monument a

Civil War: the tramp of thousands of boots along the Great Great the along boots of thousands of tramp the War: Civil

formed the Deep Creek anchor of Magruder’s first defensive defensive first Magruder’s of anchor Creek Deep the formed

General Magruder maneuvered elements of his 13,000-man 13,000-man his of elements maneuvered Magruder General late spring, more than 1,000 escaped slaves were sheltered at at sheltered were slaves escaped 1,000 than more spring, late they could fire at her as though they were spit balls.” The two two The balls.” spit were they though as her at fire could they the waters of Lee Hall Reservoir. On-site memorials include include memorials On-site Reservoir. Hall Lee of waters the

and waters of Newport News echoed with the sounds of the the of sounds the with echoed News Newport of waters and

The earthworks located on the high ground above Young’s Mill Mill Young’s above ground high the on located earthworks The

planning 15 batteries for his heavy artillery. In a bold move, move, bold a In artillery. heavy his for batteries 15 planning not affect a foreign country, which Virginia claimed to be.” By By be.” to claimed Virginia which country, foreign a affect not should have no more such fears as our ship resisted everything everything resisted ship our as fears such more no have should markers, and the original Dam No. 1 site is visible beneath beneath visible is site 1 No. Dam original the and markers,

ore than 150 years ago, years 150 than ore M

the woods woods the

ill M s oung’ Y McClellan concentrated his siege engineering on Yorktown, Yorktown, on engineering siege his concentrated McClellan war.” Butler wrote: “I replied that the Fugitive Slave Act did did Act Slave Fugitive the that replied “I wrote: Butler war.” wrote Union sailor George Geer to his wife, Martha, “but I I “but Martha, wife, his to Geer George sailor Union wrote state of preservation. Wooded nature trails feature historical historical feature trails nature Wooded preservation. of state

CIVIL WAR GUIDE

James A. Fields House Related Sites and Attractions of Hampton Roads in 1862, and the Recovery Theater offers Touring Civil War Sites James A. Fields (1844 – 1903) was born a slave in Hanover an equally compelling film about the historic turret’s amazing recovery from “the graveyard of the Atlantic.” County, Virginia. During the Civil War, he escaped and Casemate Museum in Newport News found refuge at Fort Monroe in Hampton as a “contraband of www.VirginiaCivilWar.org Located inside the walls of Fort Monroe, the Casemate Museum In 1987, The Mariners’ Museum was designated by the National war.” He was one of the first 20 pupils to enter Hampton Normal Civil War Packages and Group Tours tells the history of the fort and some of its famous occupants. Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the official and Agricultural Institute (now Hampton University) in 1868, Complete vacation packages – including suggested itineraries, Exhibits include Jefferson Davis’ cell, period living quarters, repository for artifacts and archives from the USS Monitor. The graduating in 1871. In 1879, he served as a Justice of the Peace, accommodations and admission tickets – are available year- drawings by Frederick Remington, weapons, uniforms and new conservation wing of the Center offers visitors an opportunity becoming Virginia’s first African-American judicial officer. round. Specialized group tours – including accommodations, models. A walking tour of Fort Monroe covers 19 sites, including to view the , Dahlgren cannons, steam engine and admissions, step-on guides and costumed interpreters – can the Chapel of the Centurion and several batteries. The house was used by Mr. Fields as his law office and primary condenser. One of the largest and most comprehensive maritime also be scheduled. For information on individual or group residence from 1897 to 1903 and was just one of the fifteen history museums in the world, The Mariners’ Museum currently packages, call the Newport News Visitor Center at 888-493-7386 Hampton University properties he owned in Newport News. This beautifully restored houses more than 1,200 artifacts from the ironclad. or visit www.newport-news.org home gives visitors a glimpse into the world of African-American One of the nation’s top-ranked private universities, Hampton soldiers during the Civil War, as well as the life of urban African University opened in 1868 as the Hampton Normal and Virginia War Museum Hampton Roads and James River Cruises Americans in Newport News during the early 1900s and is listed Agricultural Institute. From the beginning, Hampton University The personal side of American military history is told through the See the site of the Civil War’s most famous naval battle from a on the National Register of Historic Places. dedicated itself to educating the thousands of newly freed more than 60,000 artifacts at the Virginia War Museum, where different perspective. Regularly scheduled narrated cruises are southern slaves. Several of the early campus buildings are now a wooden fork carved by a Union prisoner of war shares space available, some of which include the Newport News shipyard Lee Hall Mansion part of a National Historic Landmark district. Also on the campus with a blockade-runner’s uniform and a rare Cofer revolver. One and the Norfolk Naval Base. Please call 888-493-7386 for dates. This elegant plantation house is the only large mid-19th century is Hampton University Museum, the oldest African-American of the nation’s most comprehensive military history museums, Italianate structure remaining on Virginia’s Lower Peninsula. Lee museum in the United States, and the , where, the Virginia War Museum has an extensive collection, which Pre-scheduled Escorted Tours Hall was completed in 1859 by Richard D. Lee, one of Warwick in 1863, members of the Virginia Peninsula’s African-American includes uniforms, insignia, personal papers, weapons, period Join local experts for walking tours of important sites from the County’s leading landowners. The home was later used as the community gathered to hear the reading of the Emancipation newspapers, drawings and photographs. 1862 Peninsula Campaign. These in-depth tours bring to life the headquarters for Confederate generals John B. Magruder and Proclamation. stories of those who fought and those they left behind. Please Joseph E. Johnston during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign. The Civil War Sesquicentennial will be commemorated through call for dates: Newport News POW Camp Monument 2015. Check the official Virginia Sesquicentennial website at Lee Hall, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, This monument, located in Greenlawn Memorial Park, was www.VirginiaCivilWar.org for details. Historian-led tours 757-888-3371 offers visitors a step back to the mid-Victorian period with its erected in 1900. It honors more than 160 Confederate soldiers Park Ranger-led tours 757-886-7912 authentically furnished rooms. A formal dining room, music who died in the POW Camp next to Camp Butler on Newport room, ladies’ parlor and two bedrooms have been restored, as News Point. Built in April 1865 to house troops awaiting parole, Special Events and Programs has the gentlemen’s parlor, which was used as a headquarters the POW Camp held a total of 3,490 prisoners before it was Re-enactments, living history programs, children’s day camps and room by Magruder and Johnston. An exhibit gallery features deactivated in August of that year. Soldiers from the 122nd other special events take place at Endview Plantation, the James artifacts from the Peninsula Campaign, including a tablecloth United States Colored Troops served as guards at Camp Butler A. Fields House, Lee Hall Mansion, The Mariners’ Museum/USS from the USS Monitor and items recovered from the nearby Dam in 1865. Monitor Center and Newport News Park throughout the year. In No. 1 battlefield. addition, The Mariners’ Museum also hosts the annual Battle of The Mariners’ Museum/ Hampton Roads. For registration and event information, please USS Monitor Center contact the individual attraction.

The USS Monitor Center tells the story of the famous battle Endview Plantation 757-887-1862 between this revolutionary ironclad and the CSS Virginia. James A. Fields House 757-813-6014 This 63,500 square-foot addition to The Mariners’ Museum, Lee Hall Mansion 757-888-3371 designated by Congress as America’s National Maritime Lee Hall Mansion The Mariners’ Museum/ Museum, is filled with recovered artifacts, original documents, USS Monitor Center 757-596-2222 paintings, personal accounts and interactive experiences. Newport News Park 757-886-7912 Newport News Visitor Center Visitors are able to walk the deck of a full-scale replica of the USS 13560 Jefferson Avenue Monitor, try their hand at building their own virtual sea-worthy Please contact the Newport News Visitor Center for vacation Newport News, Virginia 23603 ironclad, visit re-created officers’ living quarters and walk inside planning assistance, including accommodations, directions, 757-886-7777 • 888-493-7386 an accurate re-creation of the Monitor’s gun turret. The Battle maps, attraction brochures and a CD driving tour of Newport newport-news.org Theater transports visitors back in time to the famous Battle The Mariners’ Museum News. www.VirginiaCivilWar.org www.civilwartraveler.com Printed in U.S.A 5/13, Qty: 50,000