Promoting Women's Leadership in International Affairs
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Afghanistan: the Consolidation of a Rogue State Zalmay Khalilzad, Daniel Byman
Afghanistan: The Consolidation of a Rogue State Zalmay Khalilzad, Daniel Byman The Washington Quarterly, Volume 23, Number 1, Winter 2000, pp. 65-78 (Article) Published by The MIT Press For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/36511 [ This content has been declared free to read by the pubisher during the COVID-19 pandemic. ] Zalmay Khalilzad and Daniel Byman Afghanistan: The Consolidation of a Rogue State Afghanistan has gone from one of Washington’s greatest foreign policy triumphs to one of its most profound failures. During the Cold War, U.S. support to the anti-Soviet Afghan resistance resulted in a debacle for Moscow, humiliating the vaunted Red Army and discrediting the Soviets throughout the Muslim world. After the Soviets withdrew, however, Af- ghanistan has become a disaster for U.S. policy. The master terrorist ‘Usama bin Laden has taken shelter in Afghanistan, using it as a base to indoctri- nate and train militants who strike at the United States and its allies. Af- ghan women face a horrifying array of restrictions, among the most repressive in the world. The country is now the world’s leading producer of opium, which in turn is used to produce heroin. These problems, however, are only symptoms of a more dangerous disease. Though policymakers are loathe to say it openly, Afghanistan is ruled by a rogue regime, the Taliban. The outrages that draw headlines in the West stem from its misrule and will continue as long as the movement dominates Afghanistan. If anything, the danger is growing. “Talibanism”—a radical, backward, and repressive version of Islam similar to the Saudi “Wahhabi” credo but rejected by the vast ma- jority of Muslims worldwide—is gaining adherents outside Afghanistan and spreading to other countries in the region. -
Afghanistan, 1989-1996: Between the Soviets and the Taliban
Afghanistan, 1989-1996: Between the Soviets and the Taliban A thesis submitted to the Miami University Honors Program in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for University Honors with Distinction by, Brandon Smith May 2005 Oxford, OH ABSTRACT AFGHANISTAN, 1989-1996: BETWEEN THE SOVIETS AND THE TALIBAN by, BRANDON SMITH This paper examines why the Afghan resistance fighters from the war against the Soviets, the mujahideen, were unable to establish a government in the time period between the withdrawal of the Soviet army from Afghanistan in 1989 and the consolidation of power by the Taliban in 1996. A number of conflicting explanations exist regarding Afghanistan’s instability during this time period. This paper argues that the developments in Afghanistan from 1989 to 1996 can be linked to the influence of actors outside Afghanistan, but not to the extent that the choices and actions of individual actors can be overlooked or ignored. Further, the choices and actions of individual actors need not be explained in terms of ancient animosities or historic tendencies, but rather were calculated moves to secure power. In support of this argument, international, national, and individual level factors are examined. ii Afghanistan, 1989-1996: Between the Soviets and the Taliban by, Brandon Smith Approved by: _________________________, Advisor Karen L. Dawisha _________________________, Reader John M. Rothgeb, Jr. _________________________, Reader Homayun Sidky Accepted by: ________________________, Director, University Honors Program iii Thanks to Karen Dawisha for her guidance and willingness to help on her year off, and to John Rothgeb and Homayun Sidky for taking the time to read the final draft and offer their feedback. -
Introduction
NOTES Introduction 1. Robert Kagan to George Packer. Cited in Packer’s The Assassin’s Gate: America In Iraq (Faber and Faber, London, 2006): 38. 2. Stefan Halper and Jonathan Clarke, America Alone: The Neoconservatives and the Global Order (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004): 9. 3. Critiques of the war on terror and its origins include Gary Dorrien, Imperial Designs: Neoconservatism and the New Pax Americana (Routledge, New York and London, 2004); Francis Fukuyama, After the Neocons: America At the Crossroads (Profile Books, London, 2006); Ira Chernus, Monsters to Destroy: The Neoconservative War on Terror and Sin (Paradigm Publishers, Boulder, CO and London, 2006); and Jacob Heilbrunn, They Knew They Were Right: The Rise of the Neocons (Doubleday, New York, 2008). 4. A report of the PNAC, Rebuilding America’s Defenses: Strategy, Forces and Resources for a New Century, September 2000: 76. URL: http:// www.newamericancentury.org/RebuildingAmericasDefenses.pdf (15 January 2009). 5. On the first generation on Cold War neoconservatives, which has been covered far more extensively than the second, see Gary Dorrien, The Neoconservative Mind: Politics, Culture and the War of Ideology (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1993); Peter Steinfels, The Neoconservatives: The Men Who Are Changing America’s Politics (Simon and Schuster, New York, 1979); Murray Friedman, The Neoconservative Revolution: Jewish Intellectuals and the Shaping of Public Policy (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005); Murray Friedman ed. Commentary in American Life (Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 2005); Mark Gerson, The Neoconservative Vision: From the Cold War to the Culture Wars (Madison Books, Lanham MD; New York; Oxford, 1997); and Maria Ryan, “Neoconservative Intellectuals and the Limitations of Governing: The Reagan Administration and the Demise of the Cold War,” Comparative American Studies, Vol. -
07-12-07 Guide to Women Leaders in the U
2007 – 2008 Guide to Senior-Level Women Leaders in International Affairs in the U.S. and Abroad (As of 07/24/2007) The Women's Foreign Policy Group (WFPG) is an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit, educational membership organization that promotes global engagement and the leadership, visibility and participation of women in international affairs. To learn more about the WFPG please visit our website at www.wfpg.org. Table of Contents Women Foreign Ministers 2 Senior-Level U.S. Women in International Affairs 4 Department of State Department of Defense Department of Labor Department of Commerce Senior-Level Women in the United Nations System 8 Women Ambassadors from the United States 11 Women Ambassadors to the United States 14 Women Ambassadors to the United Nations 16 Senior-Level Women Officials in the Organization of American States 17 Women Heads of State 19 - 1 - Women Foreign Ministers (Listed in Alphabetical Order by Country) Principality of Andorra Meritxell Mateu i Pi Republic of Austria Ursula Plassnik Barbados Dame Billie Miller Belize Lisa M. Shoman Republic of Burundi Antoinette Batumubwira Republic of Croatia Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic Republic of Ecuador Maria Fernanda Espinoza Hellenic Republic (Greece) Theodora Bakoyannis Republic of Guinea-Bissau Maria da Conceicao Nobre Cabral Republic of Hungary Kinga Goncz Republic of Iceland Ingibjorg Solrun Gisladottir State of Israel Tzipi Livni Principality of Liechtenstein Rita Kieber-Beck Republic of Malawi Joyce Banda - 2 - United Mexican States Patricia Espinosa Republic of Mozambique Alcinda Abreu State of Nepal Sahana Pradhan Federal Republic of Nigeria Joy Ogwu Republic of Poland Anna Fotyga Republic of South Africa Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma Republic of Suriname Lygia Kraag-Keteldijk United States of America Condoleezza Rice - 3 - Senior-Level U.S. -
WTH Is Going on with the Retreat from Afghanistan? Amb. Ryan Crocker On
WTH is going on with the retreat from Afghanistan? Amb. Ryan Crocker on withdrawal, and the consequences for US national security Episode #115 | September 1, 2021 | Danielle Pletka, Marc Thiessen, and Amb. Ryan Crocker Danielle Pletka: Hi, I'm Danielle Pletka. Marc Thiessen: I'm Marc Thiessen. Danielle Pletka: Welcome to our podcast, What the Hell Is Going On? Marc, what the hell is going on? Marc Thiessen: I've never been more disgusted in my life with what's happening with what America is doing than I am right now watching the last planes leaving Kabul, leaving behind American citizens, thousands of Afghans who risked their lives to help us, the blood of 13 dead Americans and hundreds of Afghan civilians. It is the most shameful thing I have witnessed in my entire career in Washington. I'm shifting between absolute abject pain and rage as I watch this happen. Dany, what are your thoughts? Danielle Pletka: It is the worst thing in the world that a country like ours, we've suffered defeats, we've made mistakes, we've done terrible things. Never, I hope willfully, but by mistake, we've done terrible things. And we have betrayed allies before. We've not done enough for people who need us. We've let down the Kurds in Iraq, we've let down the Syrian people, but we have never actually gone in and rescued a group of people who in turn sacrificed all for us and for our security as Afghans did, because make no mistake, we were not in Afghanistan for the Afghan people. -
Congress and the United Nations How to Build a Better Relationship and Move Forward on Needed U.N
CONGRESS AND THE UNITED NATIONS How to Build a Better Relationship and Move Forward on Needed U.N. Reforms Spencer P. Boyer Center for American Progress September 2007 [A]n effective United Nations is in America’s interest…. As one of the principal architects of the United Nations, the United States placed at the foundation of the U.N. certain fundamental purposes and values—preserving peace, promoting progress, and advo- cacy of human rights. It is therefore vital for the United States to enable this institution to make the greatest possible contribution to advance those founding objectives. –Zalmay Khalilzad, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations1 www.americanprogress.org Center for American Progress Introduction he relationship between the United States and the United Nations is in desperate need of repair. Although the United Nations owes its existence to the post-World TWar II leadership of America and its allies, in recent years the U.S.–U.N. rela- tionship has spiraled downward into one that is too often dysfunctional. While the rela- tionship has never been without tension, having endured Cold War-related polarization and other political disagreements, much of the breakdown has happened over the past decade—with the U.N. Secretariat, U.N. member states, and the U.S. executive and legislative branches all deserving a share of the blame. A significant part of the prob- lem, however, has been the failure of the United States to provide sufficient support and leadership for the world body. Unfortunately, the timing couldn’t be worse. The United States needs the United Na- tions more than ever to help tackle a range of transnational challenges that directly threaten U.S. -
USDA Former Secretaries USMCA Letter
September 18, 2019 The Honorable Nancy Pelosi The Honorable Kevin McCarthy Speaker Minority Leader U.S. House of Representatives U.S. House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Washington, D.C. 20515 The Honorable Mitch McConnell The Honorable Chuck Schumer Majority Leader Minority Leader U.S. Senate U.S. Senate Washington, D.C. 20510 Washington, D.C. 20510 Dear Speaker Pelosi, Minority Leader McCarthy, Majority Leader McConnell and Minority Leader Schumer, As former Secretaries of Agriculture, we recognize how important agricultural trade is to the U.S. economy and rural America. We know from experience that improved market access creates significant benefits to U.S. farmers and ranchers. We believe that the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) will benefit American agriculture and related industries. With Canada and Mexico being the first and second largest export markets for U.S. agricultural products, we believe USMCA makes positive improvements to one of our most critical trade deals. Currently, NAFTA supports more than 900,000 jobs in the U.S. food and agriculture sector and has amplified agricultural exports to our North American neighbors to $40 billion this past year. Before NAFTA went into effect in 1994, we were exporting only $9 billion worth of agricultural products to Canada and Mexico. The International Trade Commission’s recent economic analysis concluded that USMCA would benefit our agriculture sector and would deliver an additional $2.2 billion in U.S. economic activity. Trade is extremely vital to the livelihood of American farmers and the U.S. food industry. U.S. farm production exceeds domestic demand by 25 percent. -
Stations Monitored
Stations Monitored 10/01/2019 Format Call Letters Market Station Name Adult Contemporary WHBC-FM AKRON, OH MIX 94.1 Adult Contemporary WKDD-FM AKRON, OH 98.1 WKDD Adult Contemporary WRVE-FM ALBANY-SCHENECTADY-TROY, NY 99.5 THE RIVER Adult Contemporary WYJB-FM ALBANY-SCHENECTADY-TROY, NY B95.5 Adult Contemporary KDRF-FM ALBUQUERQUE, NM 103.3 eD FM Adult Contemporary KMGA-FM ALBUQUERQUE, NM 99.5 MAGIC FM Adult Contemporary KPEK-FM ALBUQUERQUE, NM 100.3 THE PEAK Adult Contemporary WLEV-FM ALLENTOWN-BETHLEHEM, PA 100.7 WLEV Adult Contemporary KMVN-FM ANCHORAGE, AK MOViN 105.7 Adult Contemporary KMXS-FM ANCHORAGE, AK MIX 103.1 Adult Contemporary WOXL-FS ASHEVILLE, NC MIX 96.5 Adult Contemporary WSB-FM ATLANTA, GA B98.5 Adult Contemporary WSTR-FM ATLANTA, GA STAR 94.1 Adult Contemporary WFPG-FM ATLANTIC CITY-CAPE MAY, NJ LITE ROCK 96.9 Adult Contemporary WSJO-FM ATLANTIC CITY-CAPE MAY, NJ SOJO 104.9 Adult Contemporary KAMX-FM AUSTIN, TX MIX 94.7 Adult Contemporary KBPA-FM AUSTIN, TX 103.5 BOB FM Adult Contemporary KKMJ-FM AUSTIN, TX MAJIC 95.5 Adult Contemporary WLIF-FM BALTIMORE, MD TODAY'S 101.9 Adult Contemporary WQSR-FM BALTIMORE, MD 102.7 JACK FM Adult Contemporary WWMX-FM BALTIMORE, MD MIX 106.5 Adult Contemporary KRVE-FM BATON ROUGE, LA 96.1 THE RIVER Adult Contemporary WMJY-FS BILOXI-GULFPORT-PASCAGOULA, MS MAGIC 93.7 Adult Contemporary WMJJ-FM BIRMINGHAM, AL MAGIC 96 Adult Contemporary KCIX-FM BOISE, ID MIX 106 Adult Contemporary KXLT-FM BOISE, ID LITE 107.9 Adult Contemporary WMJX-FM BOSTON, MA MAGIC 106.7 Adult Contemporary WWBX-FM -
Women's Foreign Policy Group
2019 WOMEN’S FOREIGN POLICY GROUP 9 The Women’s Foreign Policy Group publishes the Guide to Women Leaders in International Affairs to highlight women leaders shaping foreign policy around the world. The Guide provides an index of prominent women from across the international community, including heads of state and government, government ministers, leaders of international organizations and corporations, American officials and diplomats, and women representatives to the US and the UN. This free publication is available online at www.wfpg.org. The WFPG advances women’s leadership in international affairs and amplifies their voices through substantive global issue discussions and mentoring. Founded in 1995, WFPG works tirelessly to expand the foreign policy dialogue across political divides and generations, and to support women at every stage of their careers. As champions of women’s leadership, we are proud of our role in expanding the constituency in international affairs by convening global experts and creating a vital network of women with diverse backgrounds and experience. Through mentoring and career development programs, we connect aspiring leaders with role models, providing students and young professionals with the tools they need for career advancement and to contribute to a stronger, more peaceful, and equitable society. WFPG’s frequent, in-depth global issues forums feature women thought leaders and news-makers from government, journalism, diplomacy, and academia. Our programming takes members beyond the headlines and provides context for key global challenges. WFPG is a nonpartisan, independent, 501(c)3 nonprofit organization. To learn more and get engaged, visit www.wfpg.org. Cover photos listed left to right by line: Hon. -
WENJ(FM), WFPG(FM), WPGG(AM), WPUR(FM), WSJO(FM) EEO PUBLIC FILE REPORT February 1, 2020 - January 31, 2021
Page: 1/6 WENJ(FM), WFPG(FM), WPGG(AM), WPUR(FM), WSJO(FM) EEO PUBLIC FILE REPORT February 1, 2020 - January 31, 2021 I. VACANCY LIST See Section II, the "Master Recruitment Source List" ("MRSL") for recruitment source data Job Title Recruitment Sources ("RS") RS Referring Used to Fill Vacancy Hiree Account Executive 1-12, 14-23 14 Page: 2/6 WENJ(FM), WFPG(FM), WPGG(AM), WPUR(FM), WSJO(FM) EEO PUBLIC FILE REPORT February 1, 2020 - January 31, 2021 II. MASTER RECRUITMENT SOURCE LIST ("MRSL") RS RS Information Source Entitled No. of Interviewees Number to Vacancy Referred by RS Notification? Over (Yes/No) Reporting Period 1 Allied Personnel Services N 0 91 Larry Holmes Drive, Suite 110 Easton, Pennsylvania 18042 Phone : 610-253-9779 Fax : 1-610-253-6183 Dan Corpora 2 Atlantic Community College N 0 Route 322 Mays Landing, New Jersey 08330 Phone : 609-343-5109 Email : [email protected] Fax : 1-609-343-5030 Joe Rossi 3 Atlantic County Department of Family and Community N 0 Development 1333 Atlantic Ave. 2nd Floor Atlantic City, New Jersey 08401 Phone : 609-345-6700 x2735 Email : [email protected] Fax : 1-609-343-2374 Rhonda Fleming-Lowery 4 Brookdale Community College N 0 765 Newman Springs Rd. Lincroft, New Jersey 07738 Phone : 732-224-2572 Email : [email protected] Fax : 1-732-224-2580 Linda Mass 5 Caldwell College N 0 9 Ryerson Ave. Room 4102 Caldwell, New Jersey 07006 Phone : 973-618-3536 Fax : 1-973-618-3425 Judy Casey 6 Camden County OEO/Urban Women's Center N 0 900 Broadway Camden, New Jersey 08103 Phone : 856-365-8989 Email : [email protected] Fax : 1-856-365-8009 G. -
Secretary Perdue Statement on USMCA Agreement
Secretary Perdue Statement on USMCA Agreement (Washington, D.C., December 10, 2019) – U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue issued the following statement after United States Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi announced agreement on the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA): “USMCA is a big win for American workers and the economy, especially for our farmers and ranchers. The agreement improves virtually every component of the old NAFTA, and the agriculture industry stands to gain significantly,” said Secretary Perdue. “President Trump and Ambassador Lighthizer are laying the foundation for a stronger farm economy through USMCA and I thank them for all their hard work and perseverance to get the agreement across the finish line. While I am very encouraged by today’s breakthrough, we must not lose sight – the House and Senate need to work diligently to pass USMCA by Christmas.” Background: USMCA will advance United States agricultural interests in two of the most important markets for American farmers, ranchers, and agribusinesses. This high- standard agreement builds upon our existing markets to expand United States food and agricultural exports and support food processing and rural jobs. Canada and Mexico are our first and second largest export markets for United States food and agricultural products, totaling more than $39.7 billion food and agricultural exports in 2018. These exports support more than 325,000 American jobs. All food and agricultural products that have zero tariffs under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) will remain at zero tariffs. Since the original NAFTA did not eliminate all tariffs on agricultural trade between the United States and Canada, the USMCA will create new market access opportunities for United States exports to Canada of dairy, poultry, and eggs, and in exchange the United States will provide new access to Canada for some dairy, peanut, and a limited amount of sugar and sugar-containing products. -
Homeland Security: Department Organization and Management
Order Code RL31493 Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Homeland Security: Department Organization and Management Updated August 7, 2002 Harold C. Relyea Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Homeland Security: Department Organization and Management Summary After substantial congressional entreatment, President George W. Bush gave impetus to the creation of a Department of Homeland Security when, on June 6, 2002, he proposed the establishment of such an entity by Congress. At the time, bills to mandate a department were pending in both houses of Congress, the Senate legislation having been recently ordered to be reported from committee. The President’s action was viewed as an effort to move beyond the coordination efforts of the Office of Homeland Security, established by E.O. 13228 of October 8, 2001, to a strong administrative structure for managing consolidated programs concerned with border security and effective response to domestic terrorism incidents. On June 18, the President transmitted to the House of Representatives proposed legislation to establish a Department of Homeland Security. It was subsequently introduced by request (H.R. 5005). According to a legislative strategy announced by Speaker Dennis Hastert and Minority Leader Richard Gephardt, the House would begin working with this proposal on an expedited basis. Plans called for an initial review and modification of the administration bill by the Committee on Government Reform and other panels having jurisdiction over homeland security matters, followed by a similar review and refinement of the measure by an ad hoc select panel under the leadership of Majority Leader Dick Armey.