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Sur Quelques Portunidae (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura) Des Îles Seychelles

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Sur Quelques Portunidae (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura) Des Îles Seychelles j, Bull. Mus. natn. Ilist. nat., Paris, V sér., 6, 1984, ?î section A, n° 2 : <). Sur quelques Portunidae (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura) des îles Seychelles par Alain CHOSNIKIÎ Résumé. Vingt-deux espèces et sous-espèces de Portunidae ont été recueillies sur le plateau insulaire seyehellois, autour de Mahé, entre 30 et 75 m de profondeur. Dix d'entre elles n'avaient jamais été signalées aux Seychelles. Une espèce, Thalarnita pseudociilea, et deux sous-espèces, Charybdis natator seychellensis et Thalarnita ph'dippinensis occidental us, sont nouvelles pour la Science, tandis que trois formes, typica, atténua la, granulata, sont reconnues chez Lupocyclus tugelae Barnard, 1950. Par ailleurs, l'espèce que RATIIBUN avait décrite des Hawaii, en 1900, sous le nom de Parathranites lati.brachi.um, d'après un seul spécimen, est retrouvée et il est montré qu'elle appartient au genre Porturius. Knfin, les mises en synonymie de l)ortunus yoronensis Sakai, 1974, avec P. dubius (Laurie, 1900) et, de Charybdis beauforti Leene et Buitendijk, 1952, avec C. granulata de Haan, 1835, sont proposées. Abstract. Twenty-two species and subspecies of Portunidae have been collected on the Seychelles island shelf around Mahe, at depths between 30 and 75 meters. Ten of them have never been reported frorn the Seychelles. One speeies, Thalarnita pseudociilea, and two subspecies, Charybdis natator seychellensis and Thalarnita ph'dippinensis occidentali.s, are new to Science;, while three forrns, typica, atténua ta and granulata, are reeognized in Lupocyclus tugelae Barnard, 1950. Besides, the speeies that HATHHUN bas described from Hawaii in 1900 as Parathranites latibrachiurn after a single specimen is found again, and ît is proved to belong to the Porturius genus. At last, synonymies of Porturius yoronensis Sakai, 1974, with P. dubius (Laurie, 1900), and Charybdis beauforti Leene and Buitendijk, 1952, with C. granulata de Haan, 1833, are proposed. A. C nos N i K it, Océanographe biologiste de l'ORSTOM, Laboratoire île Zoologie (Arthropodes) du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle et Laboratoire de ('arcinologie et d'Océanographie biologique à l'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Études, 61, rue Jiuffon, 75005 Paris. lin septembre 1980, l'OHice de, Ja Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer (ORSTOM) a effectué, à la demande des autorités seyehelloises, une étude des stocks démer- saux du plateau de Mahé qui s'étend très approximativement entre 5° et 7° S-53° et 5H° K, et dont la majeure partie a une profondeur assez uniforme, comprise entre 45 et 65 mètres. Les fonds sont recouverts de sable organogène (débris de coraux et de coquilles) ou de maerl (algues calcaires Mélobésiées), plus rarement de vase calcaire. Soixante-deux traits de chalut semi-pélagique, d'une durée de 30 minutes, précédés chacun d'un dragage de 10 minutes, ont été effectués, permettant la récolte de nombreux animaux (MAHCIIAL et al., 198:1). Vingt-deux espèces et sous-espèces de Portunidae, dont trois sont nouvelles pour la Science, ont ainsi été recueillies. Nous en donnons ci-après la liste avec, pour chacune, entre parenthèses, les limites des profondeurs de récolte. :, 10 398 Lissocarcinus orbiculuris Dana, 1852 (45-00 in) ; Lupocyclus philippinensis Semper, 1880 (40-00 m) ; L. tugelae Barnard, 1950 (33-00 m) ; Portunus dubius ( Laurie, 1900) (00 m) : P. guinotue St ephenson cl Rees, 19(51 (32-05 m) ; P. latibrachium ( liât hbun, 190(5) (08 m) ; P. longispinosus (I)ana, 1852) f.'ÎO-fiS m); P. orbilosinus Hathbun, 1911 (30-75 m); P. pelreus (Alrock, 1899) (32- 58 m) ; Cluiri/bdis nutator (llcrbsl, 1794) seychellensis sul)s[). nov. (55-05 m) ; (\ longicollis Lernr, 19.'58 (33-00 m); C. smithi MacLeay, 1838 (;50-(50 m); ('. paucidentata (A. Milne Kdwards, 18(51 i .,'52 m) ; Thalamonyx gracilipes A. Milnc Kdwards, 187.5 (45-00 m) ; Thalamita auauensis Hathbun, 1900 (45-00 m) ; T. bolivien Nobili, 190(5 (^0-50 m) ; T. galavakensis Nobili, 190(5 (.'50-08 m) ; T. oculea Alrock, 1899 (.'{0-05 m) ; T. pan>idens (Hathbun, 1907) (40-50 m) ; T. philippinensis Stephenson et Becs, 19(57, occidentalis subsp. nov. (,'55-50 m) ; T. pseudoculea sp. nov. (40-02 m) : T. pseudo- spinifera Crosnier, 1975 (30-00 m). Parmi ces espèces, celles qui étaient nettement dominantes en nombre sont : Portunus orbilosinus, P. longispinosus, P. pelreus, ( 'ha r i/bdis longicollis, Thalamila oeulea et Luj)o- c y cl us tugelae. Celte liste n'a toutefois fias grande signification étant donné la sélectivité des engins utilisés. La faune des Portunidae des îles Seychelles (Amirautés incluses) est déjà assez bien connue à la suite des travaux de HATIMUUN (1911), SKHÈ.NE (1900, 1977) et STEPHENSON (1970) qui répertorient, 50 espèces. Toutefois, sur les 22 espèces et sous-espèces récoltées lors de la campagne de l'OBSTOM, dix sont nouvelles pour les Seychelles. Ce sont celles dont les noms sont imprimés en gras dans la liste ci-dessus. Outre la description des formes nouvelles, quelques remarques peuvent être faites au sujet de certaines espèces. Lupocyclus tugelae Barnard, 1950 (Fig. 1 A-H ; pl. 1 C~F) Lupoci/clus tugelae Barnard, 1950 : 148, lig. 29 e-h. STKPU KNSO.N, 19(51 : 10.'5, fig. 1 K, .'5 C, pl. 2. (ig. 1 ; 1972« : L34 ; 1972/, : 9, .'57. - CROSNIKR, 19(52 : .'57, lig. 48, 50, 52, 54, 55. Moos.v. 1981 : 14(5, (ig. .'5. Lupocyclus granululus Leene et Buitendijk, 1952 : 215, lig. 1 a, pl. 1(5, lig. 1. Lupocyclus ituieipiahs ; STKIMI KNSON, 197(5 : 15 (au moins en partie, spécimens des Seychelles et. du Japon). Non i naetpuilis (Walker, 1887). Lupoci/clus rotuudatus ; BAIHII:, 190(5 : 411 (au moins en partir). Non rotundatus Adams et White. 1848. '.' Lupocyclus mauriciens/s VYard, 1942 : 41, pl. 2, lig. 4, 5. MATÉ Kl KL. KXAMINÉ. HLVLS II : st.. ,'5; 5°13,3' S-50<>40' K, 50 m, sabir roquillier, 2.IX. 1980, 17 h 10-17 h 40 : 1 S 18,0 X 23,2 mm, 1 ? 17,2 X 23,5 mm (MP-B 9143). St. 5 : 5»05,4' S- 50°24,5' K, 33 m, sabir lin r<»(|uillirr, 4.IX.1980, 8 h 20-8 h 50 : 1 juv. 10,0 X 12,8 mm (MP-B 9144). St. 11 ; 5°05,8' S-55<>55,(i' K, 55 m, sabir roquillier. 7. IX. 1980, 9 h 40-10 h 10 : 1 $ 17,9 y 23,3 mm ; I $ 1(5,8 X 22,1 mm (MP-B 9145). St. 22 ; 5<>I0,2' S-55«5(5,8' K, (50 m, sable coquillirr. 0. IX. 1980, 1(5 h '.0-17 h 10 : 1 ^ 19,8 X 2(5,8 mm ; 1 ? ovigèrr 18,7 X 25,1 mm (MP-B 9140). St. 31 ; 4[>30„T S-5V»20,0' K, 50 m, sabir roquillier, 9.1X.1980, 14 h 55-15 h 25 : 1 juv. 7.0 x 8.(i mm ; 1 Ç 14,7 X 19,8 mm (MP-B 9147). St. 41 ; 4(>43,l' S-50»1 4,,'!' K, 50 m, sable roquillier, 13.IX. 1980, 17 h 05-17 h 35 : 1 juv. 11,8 x 15,3 mm (MP-B 9148). Si. 50 ; 3°54,7' S-55<>40,0' K, 45- 50 m, sabir détritique peu roquillirr, 15.IX.1980, 11 h 00-11 h 30 : I juv. 9,8 X 13,0 mm (MP-B 9149). St. 54 ; 3°53,2' S-55<>09,9' 1% 50 m, sabir coquillirr, 17. IX.1980, 10 h 10-10 h 40 : I J 15,8 x 21,(5 mm (MP-B 9150). P.S. National Muséum : « Sealark », St. C 12. Sava de Malha, 47 fins. 0.X 1.1905 : 1 ? 1(5,9 X 22,(5 mm (l'SNM 41131). « Sealark »>, St. iï 3, Seychelles, 39 fins, 20.X. 1905 : 1 ^ 10,4 X 13,7 mm (ISNM 41132). Japon, Tosa Bav : 2 13,0 X 18,5 et 14,5 X 18,9 mm i l'SNM 208057). Hritish Muséum : Cevlon, W. A. IIKKDMAN coll. : 4 ex. (BM 1907-5-22-283-801. - 399 - Grâce à R. H. MANNIN<;, nous avons pu examiner les deux spécimens provenant, des Seychelles et de Saya do Malha que RATIIHUN (1911 : 210) a identifiés à roluridalus Adams et White, 1848. Ces spécimens sont identiques à ceux qui ont été récoltés lors de la campagne RKVKS II, et dont nous donnons ci-dessus la liste. STEPHENSON (1976 : 15), qui a revu les deux spécimens de RATIIHUN, a estimé qu'ils n'appartenaient pas à roluridalus mais à inaequalis (Walker, 1887). 11 existe, depuis longtemps, une grande confusion entre roluridalus et inaequalis. SI cette dernière espèce a été bien définie grâce au bon dessin qu'en a publié WALKKK (1887, pl. 8, fi g. 4), il n'en a pas été de même pour roluridalus dont le dessin qu'en ont donné ADAMS et WHITE (1848, pl. 12, lig. 4) n'indique pas clairement la granulation de la carapace. Jusqu'au travail de STEPHENSON et CAMPHELL (1960), inaequalis n'avait pas été séparé de roluridalus par les divers auteurs, à l'exception de I IENDEHSON (1893). C'est ainsi, en particulier, que LEENE et BITIT ENDI.I K (1952, pl. 16, lig. 2) ont publié une excellente photo d'inaequalis sous l'appellation de roluridalus. Kn 1961, STEPHENSON a apporté des compléments aux caractères séparant les deux espèces. Nous avons pu examiner les types de roluridalus qui sont déposés au British Muséum. Ils comprennent trois spécimens : l'un, une femelle mesurant 17,9 X 19,6 mm (pl. I B), doit correspondre au spécimen qui a été figuré par ADAMS et WHITE et peut donc être con- sidéré comme l'holotype de l'espèce ; un autre spécimen, mâle, mesure 9,8 X 10,7 mm et appartient à la même espèce que l'holotype tandis que le troisième, une femelle mesurant 10,5 X .13,4 mm, est un tugelae.
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