The Zollverein, Or How to Sequence a Customs Union
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The German North Sea Ports' Absorption Into Imperial Germany, 1866–1914
From Unification to Integration: The German North Sea Ports' absorption into Imperial Germany, 1866–1914 Henning Kuhlmann Submitted for the award of Master of Philosophy in History Cardiff University 2016 Summary This thesis concentrates on the economic integration of three principal German North Sea ports – Emden, Bremen and Hamburg – into the Bismarckian nation- state. Prior to the outbreak of the First World War, Emden, Hamburg and Bremen handled a major share of the German Empire’s total overseas trade. However, at the time of the foundation of the Kaiserreich, the cities’ roles within the Empire and the new German nation-state were not yet fully defined. Initially, Hamburg and Bremen insisted upon their traditional role as independent city-states and remained outside the Empire’s customs union. Emden, meanwhile, had welcomed outright annexation by Prussia in 1866. After centuries of economic stagnation, the city had great difficulties competing with Hamburg and Bremen and was hoping for Prussian support. This thesis examines how it was possible to integrate these port cities on an economic and on an underlying level of civic mentalities and local identities. Existing studies have often overlooked the importance that Bismarck attributed to the cultural or indeed the ideological re-alignment of Hamburg and Bremen. Therefore, this study will look at the way the people of Hamburg and Bremen traditionally defined their (liberal) identity and the way this changed during the 1870s and 1880s. It will also investigate the role of the acquisition of colonies during the process of Hamburg and Bremen’s accession. In Hamburg in particular, the agreement to join the customs union had a significant impact on the merchants’ stance on colonialism. -
Biography & Links
CLAES OLDENBURG 1929 Born in Stockholm, Sweden Education 1946 – 1950 Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 1950-1954 Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Selected Exhibitions 2013 Claes Oldenburg: The Street and The Store, MoMA, New York, NY Claes Oldenburg: The Sixties, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, MN Wood, Metal, Paint: Sculpture from the Fisher Collection, Cantor Arts Center at Stanford University, Stanford, CA NeuenGalerie-neu gesehen: Sammlung + documenta-Erwerbungen, Neue Galerie, Kassel, Germany Pop Goes The Easel: Pop Art And Its Progeny, Lyman Allyn Art Museum, New London, CT The Pop Object: The Still Life Tradition in Pop Art, Acquavella Galleries, Inc., New York, NY 2012 Claes Oldenburg. The Sixties, UMOK ,Vienna, Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, the Museum of Modern Art New York, Walker Art Center, and the Ludwig Museum im Deutschherrenhaus. Claes Oldenburg, Pace Prints, New York, New York. Claes Oldenburg: Arbeiten auf Papier, Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany Claes Oldenburg: Strange Eggs, The Menil Collection, Houston, TX Claes Oldenburg, Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany Claes Oldenburg-From Street to Mouse: 1959-1970, Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig-MUMOK, Vienna, Austria 2011 THE PRIVATE COLLECTION OF ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG, Gagosian Gallery, New York, NY Burning, Bright: A Short History of the Light Bulb, The Pace Gallery, New York, NY Contemporary Drawings from the Irving Stenn Jr. Collection, The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL Proof: The Rise of Printmaking in Southern California, Norton Simon Museum -
Family Gender by Club MBR0018
Summary of Membership Types and Gender by Club as of November, 2013 Club Fam. Unit Fam. Unit Club Ttl. Club Ttl. Student Leo Lion Young Adult District Number Club Name HH's 1/2 Dues Females Male Total Total Total Total District 111NW 21495 CLOPPENBURG 0 0 10 41 0 0 0 51 District 111NW 21496 DELMENHORST 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 36 District 111NW 21498 EMDEN 0 0 1 49 0 0 0 50 District 111NW 21500 MEPPEN-EMSLAND 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 44 District 111NW 21515 JEVER 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 42 District 111NW 21516 LEER 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 44 District 111NW 21520 NORDEN/NORDSEE 0 0 0 47 0 0 0 47 District 111NW 21524 OLDENBURG 0 0 1 48 0 0 0 49 District 111NW 21525 OSNABRUECK 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 49 District 111NW 21526 OSNABRUECKER LAND 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 35 District 111NW 21529 AURICH-OSTFRIESLAND 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 42 District 111NW 21530 PAPENBURG 0 0 0 41 0 0 0 41 District 111NW 21538 WILHELMSHAVEN 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 35 District 111NW 28231 NORDENHAM/ELSFLETH 0 0 0 52 0 0 0 52 District 111NW 28232 WILHELMSHAVEN JADE 0 0 1 39 0 0 0 40 District 111NW 30282 OLDENBURG LAPPAN 0 0 0 56 0 0 0 56 District 111NW 32110 VECHTA 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 49 District 111NW 33446 OLDENBURGER GEEST 0 0 0 34 0 0 0 34 District 111NW 37130 AMMERLAND 0 0 0 37 0 0 0 37 District 111NW 38184 BERSENBRUECKERLAND 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 23 District 111NW 43647 WITTMUND 0 0 10 22 0 0 0 32 District 111NW 43908 DELMENHORST BURGGRAF 0 0 12 25 0 0 0 37 District 111NW 44244 GRAFSCHAFT BENTHEIM 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 33 District 111NW 44655 OSNABRUECK HEGER TOR 0 0 2 38 0 0 0 40 District 111NW 45925 VAREL 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 30 District 111NW 49240 RASTEDE -
FALKEN Is Now Main Sponsor of EWE Baskets Oldenburg
Offenbach am Main, March 2018 FALKEN is now main sponsor of EWE Baskets Oldenburg Tyre brand FALKEN is growing its involvement in team sports. As part of this strategy, the company is now the new main sponsor of the German Basketball Bundesliga (BBL) team, EWE Baskets Oldenburg. The north-west German club has notched up a career of successes at national and international level. The team plays in the easyCredit BBL as well as the international Basketball Champions League; currently Vice-Champions, they also won the German Cup in 2015 and were German Champions in 2009. The sponsorship agreement spans several years and is designed as a nationally based activation platform. In addition to stadium perimeter advertising, FALKEN holds the rights to present its logo on all sponsors’, advertising and display boards in and around the EWE Arena as well as broadcasting advertising commercials on the LED media display on the pitch and in the outer frame of the EWE Arena’s LED display. Sponsorship also includes access to players and partnership activities in digital media and social networks. “This partnership is a milestone for us”, says Dr. Claus Andresen, Head of Sales and authorised representative of EWE Baskets. “Falken Tyre will help us cement our position among the top names in basketball and support us in achieving our goals both on and off the pitch.” “The EWE Baskets are ideal partners for us at Falken Tyre”, explains Markus Bögner, Managing Director and COO of Falken Tyre Europe. “The club is synonymous with tradition, professionalism and inspiration – and that makes it a great fit for the FALKEN brand. -
Leitfaden Zur Familienforschung Im Niedersächsischen Landesarchiv – Standort Oldenburg
Leitfaden zur Familienforschung im Niedersächsischen Landesarchiv – Standort Oldenburg Leitfaden zur Familienforschung im NLA – Standort Oldenburg . Einleitung Die Hof- und Familienforschung wird immer beliebter. Die Frage nach dem „Wo komme ich eigentlich her?“ oder „wer waren meine Vorfahren und wie haben sie gelebt?“ weckt die Neugier in uns Menschen. Antworten darauf bieten zahlreiche Schätze in den Archiven. Bei der Familienforschung sammeln Sie unter anderem Daten zu Ihrer Familiengeschichte. Andere sammeln Briefmarken oder Münzen. Sie werden vieles über Verwandten und Vorfahren recherchieren und dabei Informationen zu Namen, Lebensdaten, Begebenheiten, Eigenarten, 2 Berufen, Ehrenämtern, finanziellen Verhältnissen, politischen Einstellungen etc. gewinnen - Sie unternehmen eine kleine „Zeitreise“. Die Oldenburgische Gesellschaft für Familienkunde e.V. sieht ihre Aufgabe in der genealogischen Forschung vornehmlich im Kerngebiet des alten Herzogtums Oldenburg. Am jeden ersten Donnerstag im Monat bietet sie zwischen 14:00 und 18:00 Sprechstunden in den Räumen des Standorts Oldenburg an. Familienforscher können hier nicht nur wertvolle Tipps erhalten, sondern auch nützliche Kontakte zu anderen Forschern knüpfen. Die Internetadresse des Vereins ist: http://www.genealogy.net/vereine/OGF/ Im Folgenden erhalten Sie Informationen über die für Sie relevanten Bestände im Niedersächsischen Landesarchiv – Standort Oldenburg sowie Hinweise für weiterführende Recherchen und hilfreiche Adressen. Sie können sich bereits von zu Hause aus im Archivinformationssystem Niedersachsen (Arcinsys) als Benutzer/-in registrieren und Recherchen in den Beständen des Landesarchivs durchführen (https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/start.action). Für weitere Fragen zu den einzelnen Beständen steht Ihnen auch gerne die Lesesaalaufsicht zur Verfügung! Bitte beachten Sie aber: Familienforschung ist gebührenpflichtig, die Tagesgebühr beträgt derzeit 10 € pro Person, außerdem sind 5er-Karten zum Preis von 30 € erhältlich (Stand: März 2015). -
How Britain Unified Germany: Geography and the Rise of Prussia
— Early draft. Please do not quote, cite, or redistribute without written permission of the authors. — How Britain Unified Germany: Geography and the Rise of Prussia After 1815∗ Thilo R. Huningy and Nikolaus Wolfz Abstract We analyze the formation oft he German Zollverein as an example how geography can shape institutional change. We show how the redrawing of the European map at the Congress of Vienna—notably Prussia’s control over the Rhineland and Westphalia—affected the incentives for policymakers to cooperate. The new borders were not endogenous. They were at odds with the strategy of Prussia, but followed from Britain’s intervention at Vienna regarding the Polish-Saxon question. For many small German states, the resulting borders changed the trade-off between the benefits from cooperation with Prussia and the costs of losing political control. Based on GIS data on Central Europe for 1818–1854 we estimate a simple model of the incentives to join an existing customs union. The model can explain the sequence of states joining the Prussian Zollverein extremely well. Moreover we run a counterfactual exercise: if Prussia would have succeeded with her strategy to gain the entire Kingdom of Saxony instead of the western provinces, the Zollverein would not have formed. We conclude that geography can shape institutional change. To put it different, as collateral damage to her intervention at Vienna,”’Britain unified Germany”’. JEL Codes: C31, F13, N73 ∗We would like to thank Robert C. Allen, Nicholas Crafts, Theresa Gutberlet, Theocharis N. Grigoriadis, Ulas Karakoc, Daniel Kreßner, Stelios Michalopoulos, Klaus Desmet, Florian Ploeckl, Kevin H. -
Physical Restraint Use in Swiss Nursing Homes: Two
Innovation in Aging, 2020, Vol. 4, No. S1 665 PHYSICAL RESTRAINT USE IN SWISS NURSING PREVENTION AND REDUCTION OF CARE AGAINST HOMES: TWO NEW NATIONAL QUALITY SOMEONE’S WILL IN COGNITIVELY IMPAIRED INDICATORS PEOPLE AT HOME: A FEASIBILITY STUDY Lauriane Favez,1 Franziska Zúñiga,2 Catherine Blatter,1 Angela Mengelers,1 Michel Bleijlevens,1 Hilde Verbeek,1 Narayan Sharma,1 and Michael Simon,1 1. University of Vincent Moermans,2 Elizabeth Capezuti,3 and Jan Hamers,1 Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland, 2. Basel University, 1. Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland 2. Maastricht University, Riemst, Limburg, Belgium, Quality indicators are used in nursing homes to assess 3. Hunter College of CUNY, New York, New York, physical restraint use. Switzerland introduced two publicly United States reported indicators measuring the use of 1) bedrails and Sometimes care is provided to a cognitively impaired person 2) trunk fixation or seating that prevent standing up. Whether against the person’s will, referred to as involuntary treatment. these indicators show good between-provider variability is An intervention (PRITAH) was developed to prevent and re- unknown. The study aimed to measure the prevalence of duce involuntary treatment comprising 4 components: client- physical restraint use and assess their between-provider vari- centered care policy, workshops, coaching on the job by a ability using a cross-sectional, multicentre study of a con- specialized nurse and the use of alternative interventions. venience sample of nursing homes. The between-provider A feasibility study was conducted including 30 professional variability of the indicators was assessed with intraclass caregivers. -
Landkreis Wesermarsch Landkreis 1 403 Ort Wesermarsch 408 Mürrwarden Strandläufer 400 Brücke Ort
Liniennetzplan 2021 C D E FGH I J Stand: November 2020 Langwarden Landkreis Wesermarsch Landkreis 1 403 Ort Wesermarsch 408 Mürrwarden Strandläufer 400 Brücke Ort Ruhwarden Niens Gerdes Fedderwardensiel Abzw. Süllwarden 408 Ruhwarden 403 Burhave Bahnhof Düke Strandläufer 400 409 Strand Strandläufer 400 408 Brückenhof Strand Jadestraße Sinsumer Weg Tobenweg 403 Strandallee Center Parcs Ort Kirche Rathaus Schule Süllwarden Nordseeallee Alte Reithalle Rüstringer Str. Schulzentrum Süllwarden 409 Hollwarden Abzw. Burhaversiel 419 Tossens 2 Sillens Ringweg 403 Seeverns 419 408 Burweg Eckwarder Isens Oegenser Weg Altendeich 403 Waddens Roddens Tettens Cuxhaven Altendeich 409 Turnhalle/Sportplatz Tettens Roddenser Str. Pumpe Lloydstr./VHS RB33 Abzw. Waddensersiel Tettenersiel 575 440 Husumer Weg Bremerhaven- Mitteldeich 407 Havenwelten Hofswürden Boving Lehe Roddenser Str. D2 Helios-Klinik Wesermarsch . E4 Volkers In Bremerhaven sind 408 Butjadingen Rüstringer Str. D2 Helgoländer Damm . F3 Eckwarden Bollwerk ausgewählte Regional- Hbf Bismarckstr. Ruhwarden . C1 Hermann-Ehlers-Siedlung . B4/5 419 Rahden/B212 Widders Lange Str./B212Ziegeleistr. Spielplatz buslinien dargestellt. Schule . D2 Hochhaus Aldi . B5 Blexen Elbinger Platz Ort Iffens 407 Ort Hauptbahnhof Schulzentrum . C2 Hoffe . E4 Iffens Schweewarden Ort Seeverns . D2 Infelder Weg . E4 Mühle 403 Papenkuhle- Konrad-Adenauer- Seniorenheim . E3 Jahnstr./Kreiszeitung . B4/5 Syubkelhausen Altenzentrum Platz 419 Schulzntr. Nord Sinsumer Weg . D2 Kindergarten . E5 Phiesewarden 401 Georg-Seebeck-Str. Stollhammer Deich . D3 Schüttingstr. Ärztehaus Kindergarten-Mitte. B5 Feuerwehr Einswarden Fährstraße 570 530 Beckmannsfeld Strand, Burhave . E2 Klosterweg . E4 Stollhamm 407 Bahnhof Fähre Strand, Tossens. C2 Königsfelder Str. B5 Fähranleger Nordpol Dritte-Bult-Str. Baltrumstr. Schaufenster (wird über die Bürgerbuslinie 405 bedient) Strandallee . D2 A B Burgstr. WeserSprinter 440 Fischereihafen RE8/RE9/ Kreuzung . -
Endrunde Avacon-Cup 2017(1)
Niedersächsischer Fußballverband U13 Avacon-Cup Montag, den 12.06.2017 - Dienstag, den 13.06.2017 August-Wenzel-Stadion - Kirchdorfer Str. 15, 30890 Barsinghausen Uhrzeit: 15:30 Uhr Spielzeit:1 x 15 min 1. Tag Wechselzeit: 1 min Uhrzeit: 09:30 Uhr Spielzeit:1 x 15 min 2. Tag Wechselzeit: 1 min Mannschaften Mannschaften Mannschaften Aurich Leer/Emden Oldenburg-Land/Delmenhorst Rotenburg Diepholz Hannover 96 Lüneburg/Lüchow-Dannenberg VfL Osnabrück VfL Wolfsburg Bentheim Spielplan: Nr. Pl. Uhrzeit Spielpaarung Ergebnis 1 1 15:30 Aurich - Bentheim 2 : 0 2 2 15:30 Oldenburg-Land/Delmenhorst - VfL Osnabrück 2 : 0 3 1 15:46 Diepholz - Hannover 96 1 : 1 4 2 15:46 Lüneburg/Lüchow-Dannenberg - Rotenburg 1 : 0 5 1 16:02 VfL Wolfsburg - Leer/Emden 1 : 1 6 2 16:02 Bentheim - Oldenburg-Land/Delmenhorst 0 : 3 7 1 16:18 Aurich - Diepholz 1 : 1 8 2 16:18 VfL Osnabrück - Lüneburg/Lüchow-Dannenberg 2 : 1 9 1 16:34 Hannover 96 - VfL Wolfsburg 1 : 0 10 2 16:34 Leer/Emden - Rotenburg 0 : 1 11 1 16:50 Diepholz - Bentheim 1 : 0 12 2 16:50 Oldenburg-Land/Delmenhorst - Lüneburg/Lüchow-Dannenberg 1 : 2 13 1 17:06 VfL Wolfsburg - Aurich 2 : 1 14 2 17:06 VfL Osnabrück - Leer/Emden 3 : 1 15 1 17:22 Rotenburg - Hannover 96 0 : 0 16 2 17:22 Lüneburg/Lüchow-Dannenberg - Bentheim 3 : 0 17 1 17:38 Diepholz - VfL Wolfsburg 0 : 0 18 2 17:38 Leer/Emden - Oldenburg-Land/Delmenhorst 1 : 0 19 1 17:54 Aurich - Rotenburg 0 : 1 20 2 17:54 Hannover 96 - VfL Osnabrück 0 : 0 21 1 18:10 Bentheim - VfL Wolfsburg 0 : 3 22 2 18:10 Lüneburg/Lüchow-Dannenberg - Leer/Emden 2 : 0 23 1 18:26 Rotenburg - Diepholz 0 : 1 24 2 18:26 Oldenburg-Land/Delmenhorst - Hannover 96 0 : 1 25 1 18:42 VfL Osnabrück - Aurich 1 : 1 Niedersächsischer Fußballverband U13 Avacon-Cup Montag, den 12.06.2017 - Dienstag, den 13.06.2017 August-Wenzel-Stadion - Kirchdorfer Str. -
The Spatial and Temporal Diffusion of Agricultural Land Prices
The Spatial and Temporal Diffusion of Agricultural Land Prices M. Ritter; X. Yang; M. Odening Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics, Germany Corresponding author email: [email protected] Abstract: In the last decade, many parts of the world experienced severe increases in agricultural land prices. This price surge, however, did not take place evenly in space and time. To better understand the spatial and temporal behavior of land prices, we employ a price diffusion model that combines features of market integration models and spatial econometric models. An application of this model to farmland prices in Germany shows that prices on a county-level are cointegrated. Apart from convergence towards a long- run equilibrium, we find that price transmission also proceeds through short-term adjustments caused by neighboring regions. Acknowledegment: Financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC NO.201406990006) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Research Unit 2569 “Agricultural Land Markets – Efficiency and Regulation” is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Oberer Gutachterausschuss für Grundstückswerte in Niedersachsen (P. Ache) for providing the data used in the analysis. JEL Codes: Q11, C23 #117 The Spatial and Temporal Diffusion of Agricultural Land Prices Abstract In the last decade, many parts of the world experienced severe increases in agricultural land prices. This price surge, however, did not take place evenly in space and time. To better understand the spatial and temporal behavior of land prices, we employ a price diffusion model that combines features of market integration models and spatial econometric models. An application of this model to farmland prices in Germany shows that prices on a county-level are cointegrated. -
Frankfurt, Den 25
ERGEBNISDOKUMENTATION ERSTE KONFERENZ AM 22.11.2017 ZUR FORTSCHREIBUNG DES KOMMUNALEN ALTENPLANS PRIORISIERUNG DER MASSNAHMEN IN DEN FÜNF ZENTRALEN ENTWICKLUNGSBEREICHEN IM AUFTRAG DER STADT OFFENBACH AM MAIN | SOZIALAMT | KOMMUNALE ALTENPLANUNG STAND 15.01.2018 .................................................................................................................................................................. MODERATION | KOKONSULT KRISTINA OLDENBURG | [email protected] INHALT Teilnehmerliste ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1. Einführung ....................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Gruppendiskussionen an Thementischen nach den fünf Entwicklungsbereichen .......................... 5 3. Ergebnisse der Arbeitsgruppen ....................................................................................................... 6 3.1 Entwicklungsbereich Erwerbstätigkeit, Beschäftigung und Sicherung im Alter ........................ 6 3.2 Entwicklungsbereich Soziale Teilhabe – offene Seniorenarbeit ............................................... 8 3.3 Entwicklungsbereich Information – Vernetzung ........................................................................ 9 3.4 Entwicklungsbereich Wohnen und Stadtgestaltung ................................................................ 11 3.5 Entwicklungsbereich Sozialraumorientierung -
Enviroinfo 2014 in Oldenburg
Proceedings of the 28th EnviroInfo 2014 Conference, Oldenburg, Germany September 10-12, 2014 Switch off the light in the living room, please! – Making eco-feedback meaningful through room context information Nico Castelli1, Gunnar Stevens2, Timo Jakobi3, Niko Schönau4 Abstract Residential and commercial buildings are responsible for about 40% of the EU’s total energy con- sumption. However, conscious, sustainable use of this limited resource is hampered by a lack of visibility and materiality of consumption. One of the major challenges is enabling consumers to make informed decisions about energy consumption, thereby supporting the shift to sustainable ac- tions. With the use of Energy-Management-Systems it is possible to save up to 15%. In recent years, design approaches have greatly diversified, but with the emergence of ubiquitous- and con- text-aware computing, energy feedback solutions can be enriched with additional context infor- mation. In this study, we present the concept “room as a context” for eco-feedback systems. We investigate opportunities of making current state-of-the-art energy visualizations more meaningful and demonstrate which new forms of visualizations can be created with this additional infor- mation. Furthermore, we developed a prototype for android-based tablets, which includes some of the presented features to study our design concepts in the wild. 1. Introduction Residential and commercial buildings are responsible for about 40% of the EU’s total energy con- sumption [1]. With disaggregated real-time energy consumption feedback, dwellers can be enabled to make better informed energy related decisions and therefore save energy. In general, empirical studies have shown that savings up to 15% [2] can be achieved.