Chapter 11- the End of the Prophet's Life
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Women and Islamic Law Christie S
College of William & Mary Law School William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository Faculty Publications Faculty and Deans 2008 Lifting the Veil: Women and Islamic Law Christie S. Warren William & Mary Law School, [email protected] Repository Citation Warren, Christie S., "Lifting the Veil: Women and Islamic Law" (2008). Faculty Publications. 99. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs/99 Copyright c 2008 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs LIFTING THE VEIL: WOMEN AND ISLAMIC LAW CHRISTIES. WARREN * "Treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers." From the Farewell Address of the Holy Prophet Muhammad1 I. INTRODUCTION By the end of February 632 and at the age of sixty-three, the Prophet Muhammad believed that his days on earth were coming to an end.2 He announced to his followers that he would lead the hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, himself that year.3 On March 3, the Prophet delivered his farewell sermon near Mount Arafat.4 Among the limited number of topics he chose to include in his last public speech, he encouraged his followers to deal justly with one another and treat women well. 5 In the modem era, the rights of women under Islamic law have come under heightened scrutiny. Some commentators find the Prophet's farewell speech to be inconsistent with the way women are treated in some areas of the Muslim world. In Saudi Arabia, for example, women may neither drive nor vote. -
Muslim American's Understanding of Women's
California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations Office of aduateGr Studies 6-2018 MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS Riba Khaleda Eshanzada Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd Part of the Social Work Commons Recommended Citation Eshanzada, Riba Khaleda, "MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS" (2018). Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations. 637. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/637 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of aduateGr Studies at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master in Social Work by Riba Khaleda Eshanzada June 2018 MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino by Riba Khaleda Eshanzada June 2018 Approved by: Dr. Erica Lizano, Research Project Supervisor Dr. Janet Chang, M.S.W. Research Coordinator © 2018 Riba Khaleda Eshanzada ABSTRACT Islam is the most misrepresented, misunderstood, and the subject for much controversy in the United States of America especially with the women’s rights issue. This study presents interviews with Muslim Americans on their narrative and perspective of their understanding of women’s rights in accordance to the Islamic traditions. -
Determining the Historical Significance of the Farewell Sermon of the Prophet (PBUH) in Context of Demand of the Time
IIUC Studies 17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v17i1.54984 Determining the historical significance of the farewell sermon of the Prophet (PBUH) in context of demand of the time MD. Cholem Ullah Center for University Requirement Courses (CENURC) International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Bangladesh Abstract In the 10th Hijrah, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) performed Hajj (pilgrimage) only once in his life and delivered his historic 'Farewell Sermon' for the liberation and welfare of the world humanity. This paper explores the importance and significance of the sermon in the context of its historical demand and its place in the world civilisation. The article also attempts to review historically on speaker, time and application of the speech to determine its place in perspective of world history and Islamic history as well. The methodology of the paper followed a qualitative approach comprised of the secondary source. It is argued that the sermon is the only historic speech in the world that incomparable provisions on liberation and welfare of humanity till the Final Day. The ultimate implication of the magnificent sermon is sustained ensuring its time was momentous and eventful; the more appropriate time cannot be estimated. Thus, according to historical analysis, the farewell sermon of the Final Apostle (PBUH) is the demand of time intimately and significantly that relevant to today’s life and society. Keywords Farewell sermon, History, Civilisation, Humanity Paper type Research paper 1. Introduction On the 10th year of Hijrah calendar, the glorious mission of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH: peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was going to be completed; at the moment the Apostle (PBUH) had decided to go on Hajj, and the month of Dhul-Hajj was only at hand. -
Welcome to the Guests of Allah
WELCOME TO THE GUESTS OF ALLAH MAKKAH CITY GUIDE SaudiaUmrah.com 1 INTRODUCTION USEFUL INFORMATION Makkah Al Mukaramah is Muslims’ Qibla (Praying Direction) and the heart of the Islamic world, the cradle of revelation and the holiest city in Islam. The city is the birthplace of Prophet Mohammed “Peace be upon him” and it is here within the Great Mosque that the Ka’aba, the most sacred shrine of Islam, awaits the Muslim pilgrim in Where GMT/UTC Number of guests Hajj & Umrah. South East + 3h Million Discover Makkah Al Mukaramah, the most sacred land Asia yearly on earth and learn more about the religious and historical 15 places you must visit during your Umrah. WEATHER Average temperature during the year 30 38 43 40 Jan Apr Jul Oct 18 24 28 25 31 42 42 35 Feb May Aug Nov 18 27 29 22 34 44 42 31 Mar Jun Sep Dec 20 28 28 20 Maximum Minimum 2 SaudiaUmrah.com SaudiaUmrah.com 3 1. Jabal Al Nour (The Mountain of Light) The mountain houses the famed Ghar Hira HISTORICAL PLACES or Hira cave. The mountain is barely 640 m tall. It does however, take two hours to TO VISIT make it to the cave. The mount and the cave hold tremendous signicance for Muslims throughout the world. 2. Ghar Hira (Hira Cave) Taking 1,200 walking steps to reach, the cave itself is about 3.7 m in length and 1.6 m in width. The cave is situated at a height of 270 m of Jabal Al Nour Mountain. -
RE Hajj (Pilgrimage)
Let’s recap.. • The Muslim’s pilgrimage to Mecca (Mohammed birth place) is the fifth of the five pillars of Islam. • The five pillars of Islam are the five things you must remember to be a good Muslim. The Five Pillars of Islam Hajj: Sawm: pilgrimage Salat: fasting Shahada: to Mecca, prayer, Zakat: during Declaratio the five times charity the n of faith birthplace a day month of of Ramadan Muhammed The History of Hajj According to Islamic tradition, God ordered Abraham to leave his wife, Hagar, and his son, Ishmael, in the desert near ancient Mecca. Hagar ran seven times between the two hills of Safa and Marwah to find water but was unable to find any. When she returned to Ishmael, she saw him scratching the ground and a water fountain sprang forth beneath his foot. Later, God commanded Abraham to build Ka’bah here, which he did with the help of Ishmael. He invited people to perform pilgrimage there. What Do Muslim Pilgrims Do during Hajj? During Hajj, millions of pilgrims arrive in Mecca and perform a series of rituals. • The pilgrims visit the Ka’bah in Mecca and walk around it seven times. • They run between two mounts called Safa and Marwa. • The pilgrims go to the plains of Mount Arafat to stand in vigil and spend a night on the plain of Muzdalifah. • They camp in Mina and throw seven small stones at three stone pillars, which symbolise the devil. • The men shave their hair and sacrifice an animal as performed by the prophet Abraham. -
“Submission to God” Objective
ISLAM “SUBMISSION TO GOD” OBJECTIVE Action: Identify how key features of Islam and its followers affect military operations. Conditions: Given a small group learning environment, concrete experiences, discussion, lectures, student handout Standard: Identify how key features of Islam and its followers affect military operations by participating in all class activities and discussions. ADMINISTRATIVE Safety Requirements: None Risk Assessment: Low Environmental Considerations: None Evaluations: Class participation AGENDA What we know and what we want to know doctrine v. culture v. myth Answers about Islam values, beliefs, behaviors, norms, worldview and perspectives The West and Islam the compatibility of values and beliefs and effects on interactions List three things you know about Islam. List three things you need or want to know about Islam. VBBN OF ISLAM Use your list to categorize your items using the Values, Beliefs, Behaviors, and Norms (VBBN) model. In groups, discuss your selections and determine the three from each list that you are going to publish to the rest of the class. Prepare to explain why your choices are the most important to consider. THE CULTURAL ICEBERG Behaviors, Norms Observable Unobservable Values, Beliefs VALUES • Modesty Tawhid Ideology – Oneness of God • Steadfastness Certitude - Reliance on God • Prosperity Ummah – Islamic • Cooperation Community, Unity • Hard Work Family, local community, tribe, etc. • Self Defense Communal Etiquette • Responsibility Life and Afterlife • Courage Justice • Sincerity Compassion -
Islam: Crime and Punishment Justice
Islam: Crime and Punishment Justice The Qur’an describes God as just. Because God is just, justice must be of the highest importance for all Muslims The Qu’ran says that God wants people to treat each other fairly and to establish justice: “God commands justice, the doing of good…and He forbids all shameful deeds and injustice.” Surah 16:90 Muslim’s believe that it is part of their role as vicegerents of God’s creation to behave justly to other people and to ensure that the world is run in a fair way. Allah commands Muslims to be just that means the unjust must be punished, “God commands justice and good conduct to all… and he forbids all immorality, bad conduct and oppression” Surah 16:90 Every Muslim is free to choose good or bad behaviour (freewill) and must accept that their actions will affect their relationship with God and the society around them. Muslims will be judged on Judgement day “People beware of injustice, for justice shall be darkness on the Day of Judgement”. There are many hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad) in which Muhammad is shown as acting justly and telling Muslims to treat everyone justly and equally. “Stand up firmly for justice, as a witness to God, even as against yourselves or your parents or your kin, and whether it be against rich or poor.’” Surah 4:35 Shari’ah For Muslims the fair way to act justly is through Shari’ah, literally “a path to be followed”, It is a system of law covering moral, social, economic, political and religious life, based on the Qur’an and the Sunnah and is used by Muslims to make moral decisions. -
Journeys with Judah Halevi, Ignatius Loyola and Malcolm X
ON PILGRIMAGE: Journeys with Judah Halevi, Ignatius Loyola and Malcolm X Patrick J. Ryan, S.J. Laurence J. McGinley Professor of Religion and Society Fordham University INTRODUCTION My first pilgrimage took place sixty years ago, in the fall of my freshman year in high school. With my fellow pilgrims I traveled by train from New York City to Auriesville, New York, a village in the Mohawk River Valley. Six decades ago, all the Jesuit institutions in and around New York City hired a full train so that students, staff and other friends of the Jesuits could travel together on pilgrimage to the Shrine of the North American Martyrs at Auriesville on the Sunday in the fall nearest to their feast. That is October 19th now, but September 26th then. Who were the North American martyrs? Eight French Jesuit missionaries who died violent deaths in the 1640s in what is now Canada and New York State. Needless to say, their martyrdom not only testified to their faith but also, quite realistically, to the forebodings the Iroquois Confederacy harbored about encroaching French presence in the middle of the seventeenth century. Our pilgrimage to Auriesville in 1953 was not all prayer and solemnity, I assure you, although there were both at the mass in the Martyrs’ Shrine that Sunday, and along the paths that took us past trees marked with simple crosses and the name of Jesus, imitating a practice once followed in the Mohawk village of Ossernenon by Isaac Jogues, René Goupil and Jean de la Lande in the 1640s. But the train ride on either end of the visit to Auriesville was more 1 fun, as I recall. -
Lessons from the Khutba in the Farewell Pilgrimage
Lessons from the Khutba (Sermon) of Prophet Muhammad in the farewell pilgrimage BS Foad, MD 2016 1-“Listen to what I say. I do not know if I will see you again after this year in this place.” Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) knew that his time on earth is limited, and wanted to complete his mission and teach the Muslims the principles of their faith and the rites of worship. He said: (Take your rites after me). “O Prophet We sent you as a witness, a bearer of glad tidings and as a warner” Al-Ahzab 33: 45. “We have sent down to you the message that you may explain clearly to the people what is sent for them, and that they may reflect.” An-Nahl 16: 44. “O messenger proclaim the message which has been sent to you from your Lord.” An-Nesa’a 4: 67. The prophet is dead, but his message is alive. It is our duty to deliver the message of the Qur’an and explain to those willing to listen: “Say: “This is my way, I invite to Allah with clear insight and conviction, I and those who follow me.” Yousseff (Joseph) 12: 108 2-Your souls & possessions are sacred: It is not allowed for one to shed the blood of another, or to take another person’s possessions. They are sacred as this day is sacred, in this sacred month, in this sacred place. The Qur’an states: “Do not kill the soul that Allah has made sacred, except through due process of law” Al-Isra’a 17: 33.; “If one kills one person, unless it be for murder or spreading mischief on earth, it would be as if he killed all mankind, and if he saved one life it is considered as if he saved all of humanity” Al-Ma’Ida 5: 32. -
Grade 7 History
Madrasat Ahlul’Bait Islamic School Grade 7 History Cover Design by: Zainab Khan Shia-Muslim Association of Bay Area First Edition (Revision 2.0) First Printing May, 2005 Second Printing February, 2006 Compilers and Co-Authors: Dr. Hassan Abu Ghaida, Member, Syllabus Committee, Sister Azita Sagarzadeh, Member, Syllabus Committee, Sister Urooj Kazmi, Chair Syllabus Committee, Madrasat Ahlul’Bait, Shia-Muslim Association of Bay Area Editors: Sister Urooj Kazmi, Chair Syllabus Committee, Madrasat Ahlul’Bait, Shia-Muslim Association of Bay Area Copyright Free & Non-Profit Notice: Madrasat Ahlul’Bait curriculum material can be freely copied, duplicated, reproduced, quoted, distributed, printed, used in derivative works and saved on any media and platform for non-profit and educational purposes only. A fee no higher than the cost of copying may be charged for the material. Note from Madrasat Ahlul’Bait: The Publishers and the Authors have made every effort to present the Quranic verses, prophetic and masomeen traditions, their explanations and the material from the sources referenced in an accurate, complete and clear manner. We ask for forgiveness from Allah (SWT) and the readers if any mistakes have been overlooked during the review process. Contact Information: Any correspondence related to this publication and all notations of errors or omissions should be addressed to Syllabus Committee, Madrasat Ahlul’Bait, Shia-Muslim Association of Bay Area at [email protected]. Published by: Madrasat Ahlul’Bait Shia-Muslim Association of Bay Area 4415 Fortran Court, San Jose, CA 95134, USA www.saba-igc.org [email protected] LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHORS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. -
Textbooks & Resources
Religious Studies: Year 7 Curriculum overview 2015-16 Term 1: Autumn 2015 Term 2: Spring 2016 Term 3: Summer 2016 Introduction to World Religions & Islam: Christianity (Beliefs, Worship & Practice): Moral Values & Spirituality: What is religion? Introduction- Divisions & denominations. What is the meaning & purpose of life? Identify major world religions & worldviews. Sacred writings- The Bible & Christian attitudes The importance of good manners –akhlaq Who are humanists/atheists? Important figures- Who is Jesus? Sincerity- Ikhlas, Honesty, generosity, An Introduction to Islam. What do Christians believe? Symbols. kindness, justice, respect & tolerance. To understand the essence of faith and trust in Islam. Learn about Christian worship & study the main The harms of lying, backbiting, anger To understand what Muslims mean by ‘Islam is a features of a Christian church. (arrange a visit) Greed & jealousy- Hasad complete way of life.’ Festivals- To understand the importance of Compare teachings on morality with other Signs & symbols in Islam. Christmas & Easter for Christians. faiths and with secular/humanists values, Muslim Beliefs: Pilgrimage- find out why Christians might go on a ideas & teachings Reflect on the positive & negative effects of To be able to explain and understand the term Tawhid pilgrimage & where? Holy Land (Jerusalem), these actions on the soul & on how they can and how it affects a Muslim’s life. Lourdes and St. Peter’s Basilica. help in character building To be able to explain and understand the term Risalah and evaluate the importance of Prophets for Muslims. Judaism (Beliefs, Worship & Practice): Life of the Prophet Muhammad: To be able to explain and understand Muslim belief in the Introduction to Judaism. -
The Successor of the Prophet. – a Historical Analysis of the Early Political Differences Between the Sunni and Shi’A Islamic School of Thoughts
UPPSALA UNIVERSITET Teologiska institutionen History of Religions and Social Sciences of Religion C, 15hp HT, 17 Supervisor: Gabriella Beer Examinator: Lena Roos The successor of the Prophet. – A historical analysis of the early political differences between the Sunni and Shi’a Islamic school of thoughts. Suliman Khalid 199208251596 [email protected] 1 Abstract The early split of Islam is regarded as one of the most profound and complex events in Islamic history, not only would it lay the foundation of two predominant branches of Islam, but it would also be one of the oldest arguments in Islamic his- tory. Who is the rightful successor to the Prophet Muhammed? This essay aims to explore the deep root behind the initial schism of Islam and understand the argu- ments both schools use to legitimize their position. What do the Sunnis and Shi’as say about the event of Ghadir, the hadith of the two weighty things and the inci- dent of Saqifa, and how do each school of Islam interpret these events? The source material consists of Hadiths and scholastic literatures from both Sunni Is- lam, Shi’a Islam, as well as literatures from Secular sources. By basing the analy- sis on Wilfred Madelung and Ali Asghar’s theory of disserting Orientalist under- standing of a monolith perspective on Islamic history, the essay aims to under- stand and broaden the reality of the schism of Islam and to bring emphasis on the events that often goes ignored throughout history. Finally, the results prove that both Sunnis and Shi’as differ regarding the caliphate, and the assertions for these lay in their respective interpretations.