DOCSLIB.ORG

Gooseberry Falls Winter

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gooseberry Falls Winter GOOSEBERRY 7 miles to North Shore Trail FALLS Skunk Creek 0.5 k. STATE PARK 1.0 k. 0.5 k. 0.5 k. FOR MORE INFORMATION: Gooseberry 0.2 k. Gooseberry Falls State Park R iver 0.4 k. 3206 Highway 61 1.2 k. Two Harbors, MN 55616 0.7 k. 1.0 k. (218) 834-3855 0.5 k. 0.6 k. http://www.dnr.state.mn.us WINTER TRAILS 0.5 k. 0.5 k. VISITOR FAVORITES Cross-country Ski 0.5 k. 0.8 k. Fifth • Scenic rocky gorge where water Snowmobile Falls 0.4 k. 0.2 k. plunges over a series of 30-foot 0.1 k. waterfalls Snowshoe 0.1 k. to SILVER BAY, 15 miles BAY, to SILVER • Lake Superior shoreline with well-exposed ancient lava flow FACILITIES 0.1 k. 0.4 k. • “Castle in the Park” stone wall Cross-country Ski Trails Visitor Center easy 0.6 k. & other historic CCC buildings 0.4 k. 0.5 k. 1.1 k. • Gateway Plaza overlooks and Information/Office more difficult outdoor signs for kids by kids most difficult 61 N Interpretive Center elsens • River View, Gitchi Gummi & Creek ADA Accessible Fifth Falls trails Upper • Superior Hiking Trail access Picnic Area Falls • Connection to paved Gitchi Gami bike trail Overlook 3.0 k. Middle Lake & Lower Superior Campground Falls FACILITIES AND Upper 0.7 k. Gateway River Falls Plaza Agate Beach FEATURES Group Camp Middle & erry seb Lower oo • 1687 total park acreage Waterfall Falls G y Gateway a w • Visitor Center with Nature Store Plaza h Parking ig H g n & Trail Center lo 0.3 k. A ADA accessibility g Amphitheater in • 69 semi-modern & 3 group k trail shown in this r 0.4 k. a P Rest inset map. Other park o campsites near Lake Superior N 1.2 k. Trail Shelter trails are shown on Area • 18 miles of year-round trails the full-scale map. Visitor Center Picnic Flow Nature Store 2 sites • 3 picnic areas 61 ADA Accessible • Seasonal naturalist program Trailer Dump Station • Trout fishing Private Property Camper to Registration Public Use Prohibited Rest TWO HARBORS, LOOKING FOR MORE INFORMATION ? Area 12 miles The DNR has mapped the state showing federal, 1687 total park acreage 1.4 k. state and county lands with their recreational facilities. 1 site Public Recreation Information Maps (PRIM) are ADA Accessible available for purchase from the DNR gift shop, DNR regional offices, Minnesota state parks and major Pebble Creek sporting and map stores. 0 0.5 1 Kilometer NORTH Because lands exist within the boundaries of this park that are not under the jurisdiction of the Check it out - you'll be glad you did. D.N.R., check with the park manager if you plan 0 0.5 1 Mile to use facilities such as trails and roads other © 9/2008 by State of Minnesota, than those shown. Department of Natural Resources GENERAL DESCRIPTION: Rocky Lake and Lower Falls and south of the Superior shoreline and five waterfalls Gooseberry River along Lake Superior. Gateway Plaza Area Upper Falls highlight Gooseberry Falls State Park’s (The lava flows are also the Note: Winter trails pass under Highway 61. landscape. Waterfalls can be viewed “birthplaces” of Lake Superior agates.) GOOSEBERRY FALLS near the Highway 61 bridge and in the About two million years ago, glaciers STATE PARK gorge. Here the Gooseberry River tum- advanced into the region. As they Duluth • bles over the 30-foot Upper Falls into a ground across the area, they changed Highway 61 bridge the landscape dramatically. About pool, glides to the two-tiered Middle Gateway Plaza and Lower Falls, plunging 60 feet to the 10,000 years ago the last glacier melted back, filling the infant Lake Superior Minneapolis/ last pool, and then meanders through a St. Paul • valley to Lake Superior. and beginning the erosional process that creates waterfalls. Today, water, WINTER TRAILS Trails lead along the Gooseberry River, wind, and weather continue to shape ADA Trail the North Shore. Snowmobile Lake Superior shoreline, and through X-Country Ski to Visitor Center Middle Falls mixed evergreen, aspen, and birch for- Snowshoe ests. In the 1890s, the park was covered HISTORY: The area known as Goose- GOOSEBERRY with gigantic white pines. Along most berry Falls State Park is intricately tied FACILITIES park trails, visitors find remnants of to human use of Lake Superior. At Interpretive Signs FALLS pine stumps from timber cutting in the different times, the Cree, the Dakotah, ADA Accessible region. Some disjunct populations of and the Ojibwe lived along the North Overlook STATE PARK Lower arctic-alpine plants can be found because Shore. As early as 1670, the Gooseberry Falls Waterfall FOR MORE INFORMATION the local climate is moderated by Lake River appeared on explorer maps. The Gooseberry Falls State Park Superior (generally temperatures are 10 river was either named after French 3206 Highway 61 degrees F warmer in the winter and 10 explorer Sieur des Groseilliers or after wall. They also laid out the original • Park only in designated parking areas. Two Harbors, MN 55616 degrees F cooler in the summer than the Anishinabe Indian name “Shab-on- campground, picnic grounds, and trails. • Park permits are not required for the (218) 834-3855 inland areas of Northeastern Minnesota). im-i-kan-i-sibi,” both, when translated, In 1937, the area officially became Goose- visitor center/wayside rest area. refer to gooseberries. In the 1870s, com- berry Falls State Park. The CCC camps However, to drive to other areas in Department of Natural Resources WILDLIFE: The park has recorded over mercial and sport fishermen began to closed in 1941, but the park’s CCC legacy the park, a vehicle permit is required. Information Center 142 species of birds that nest in or visit use this area. By the 1890s, logging be- lives on. In 1996, the new visitor cen- Permits are available for purchase 500 Lafayette Road the park, 46 species of mammals, and came the principle use of the land ter/wayside rest and Highway 61 bridge at visitor center and camper registra- St. Paul, MN 55155-4040 ten species of amphibians and reptiles. around the Gooseberry River. In 1900, opened, designed with ties to the CCC. tion office. Of special interest to visitors are white- the Nestor Logging Company built its ♦ (651) 296-6157 (Metro Area) SO EVERYONE CAN ENJOY THE PARK... 1-888-646-6367 (MN Toll Free) tailed deer that winter in the park in headquarters at the river mouth and a groups, herring gulls that establish nest- railway, which was used to carry the • The park belongs to all Minnesotans. This information is available in alternative format upon request. TDD (Telecommunications ing colonies along the lakeshore, several pine to the lake for rafting to the saw- Treat it with respect and consideration. Device for Deaf) species of Lake Superior salmon and mills. Because of fires and intensive • For your safety and the safety of oth- (651) 296-5484 (Metro Area) trout, common loons, black bears, gray logging pressures, the large pine disap- ers, please be careful while exploring “Equal opportunity to participate in and benefit 1-800-657-3929 (MN Toll Free) peared by the early 1920s. With the rise the falls area and the park. from programs of the Minnesota Department wolves, and ravens. During fall and of Natural Resources is available to all individuals spring many migratory birds can be of North Shore tourism in the 1920s, • Pets must be kept on a leash not longer DNR Web Site: www.dnr.state.mn.us regardless of race, color, creed or religion, na- seen because the park is along the North there was a concern that the highly sce- than six feet. tional origin, sex, marital status, status with regard State Parks page: www.mnstateparks.info Shore flyway. nic North Shore would be accessible to • Enjoy the animals, but do not ap- to public assistance, sexual orientation, age or only the rich. As a result, the state legis- proach or feed them. disability. Discrimination inquires should be sent lature authorized preservation of the • Leave rocks and plants where they to the Minnesota Department of Natural Re- GEOLOGY: Geologists have determined sources, 500 Lafayette Road, St. Paul, MN 55155- GOOSEBERRY FALLS STATE PARK that about one billion years ago, the area around Gooseberry Falls in 1933. are. They make up much of the park’s 4031; or the Equal Opportunity Office, Depart- is located in Minnesota’s North Shore earth began to split apart along the area The following year, the Civilian Conser- beauty. Do not collect them. ment of the Interior, Washington, Highlands near Two Harbors. Take U.S. now known as the North Shore. Lava vation Corps (CCC) began to develop • Except for registered campers, the D.C. 20240.” Minnesota Highway 61 northeast from Two Har- flowed out onto the earth and cooled to the park. CCC crews built the park’s park is closed from 10:00 P.M. until bors to the park (about 13 miles). High- form volcanic bedrock. Several lava stone and log buildings and the 300-foot 8:00 A.M. Loud noises or other distur- long “Castle in the Park” stone retaining bances are prohibited after 10:00 P.M. DEPARTMENT OF way map index: N-9. flows can be seen at the Upper, Middle, © 9/2008 by State of Minnesota, NATURAL RESOURCES Department of Natural Resources DNR Maps.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lake Superior South Watershed Monitoring and Assessment Report
    Summary Monitoring and Assessment Lake Superior-South Watershed Why is it The undeveloped nature of the Lake Superior-South Watershed, along Minnesota’s North Shore within the Lake Superior Basin, is undoubtedly a key reason for the high important? water quality found in most parts of the watershed. This watershed covers 624 square miles of St. Louis and Lake counties, with nearly half of the land under state ownership (42%). Almost 90% is forested. The watershed is home to several small cities and supports diverse species of wildlife and fish populations. It contains 1,067 miles of streams of which 800 are designated as coldwater. Its immaculate waters produce some of the state’s highest-quality stream trout fisheries. The watershed is a valuable resource for drinking water, habitat for aquatic life, recreational opportunities and timber production. Key issues Overall, water quality conditions are good and can be attributed to the forest and wetlands that dominate the watershed’s land cover. Many stream segments have exceptional biological, chemical, and physical characteristics and should be considered for additional protections to preserve their high quality. The top five stream resources include: McCarthy Creek, Unnamed Creek (West Branch Little Knife River), Gooseberry River, Stewart River and Captain Jacobson Creek. Problem areas do occur but are typically limited to the lower reaches of streams where stressors from land use practices may accumulate. Impairments are likely a function of both natural and human-caused stressors. Historical and recent forest cover changes, along with urban/industrial development, draining of wetlands and damming of streams are likely stressors affecting biological communities within the watershed.
    [Show full text]
  • What the “Trail Eyes” Pros Taught Us About the SHT P H
    A publication oF the Superior Hiking TrAil AssoCiation SUmmEr 2019 What the “Trail Eyes” Pros Taught Us About the SHT P H o im Malzhan iS the trail operations director T o for our sister trail organization the ice Age B y Fr Trail Alliance in Wisconsin. Doing business as esh T “Trail Eyes,” Tim was one of four entities the SHTA Tr hired in the fall of 2018 to evaluate and recom- ac mend renewal strategies for what we have dubbed k S mE D “The Big Bad Five,” those sections of the SHT most damaged from heavy use and old age (or both). i A Though all four evaluators—malzhan, Critical Connections Ecological Services (Jason and Amy Husveth), the north Country Trail Association, and (Continued on page 2) What the “Trail Eyes” Taught Us About the SHT (continued from cover) Great Lakes Trail Builders (Wil- lie Bittner)—did what we asked (provide specific prescriptions for the Big Bad Five), their ex- pert observations gave us much more: they shed light on the en- tire Superior Hiking Trail. In other words, what they saw on the Split Rock River loop, or the sections from Britton Peak to Oberg Mountain and Oberg to the Lutsen ski complex, or the proposed reroute of the SHT north of Gooseberry Falls State Park, were microcosms of bigger, more systemic issues with the SHT. ❚ “keep people on the Trail and water off of it.” This suc- cinct wisdom comes from Matt no bridge is not the only problem at the Split rock river loop.
    [Show full text]
  • Map 2, Lake Superior State Water Trail from Knife River to Split Rock
    ROUTE DESCRIPTION - River miles 26 to 60 (34 miles) (0.0 at Minnesota Entrance – Duluth Lift Bridge). 48.0 Private resort. [47° 07.135' N / 91° 30.265' W] 57.7 Little Two Harbors at Split Rock Lighthouse State Park. Access to park and lighthouse, a MAP 2 - Knife River to Split Rock Lighthouse State Park 51.0 Gooseberry Falls State Park and Gooseberry Minnesota Historic Site. Trailer access, parking, River. Carry-in access, parking, campground, 2 campground, picnic area and trails. 26.5 Knife River Marina. Access at launch area. watercraft campsites (available on a first-come, [47° 11.865' N / 91° 22.620' W] Parking, toilets. [46° 56.705' N / 91° 46.950' W] first-served basis), picnic area and trails. [47° 08.560' N / 91° 27.500' W] 59.0 Gold Rock Point. Wreck of the Madeira, driven 26.6 Knife River Beach. Carry-in access, rest area, ashore in 1905, lies scattered on the bottom in parking, toilet. Sand and pebble beach. 53.0 Thompson Beach. Four watercraft campsites 10 to 100' of water with portions clearly visible [46° 56.785' N / 91° 46.845' W] and rest area, toilet. No fires. First-come, in calm water. A popular recreational diving site, first-served. [47° 09.480' N / 91° 26.230' W] please be alert to divers in the water. Rest area 30.2 Private resort. Rocky Beach. on small beach nearby. No facilities. [46° 59.025' N / 91° 44.170' W] 53.8 Twin Points. Rest area, trailer access, parking. [47° 12.410' N / 91° 21.520' W] No camping permitted.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Impacts of Climate Change on Vulnerability of Brook Trout in Lake Superior’S Tributary Streams of Minnesota
    Assessing Impacts of Climate Change on Vulnerability of Brook Trout in Lake Superior’s Tributary Streams of Minnesota Lucinda B. Johnson, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth William Herb, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Meijun Cai, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth Report to Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, upon completion of contract # MN DNR/1229G WO 47578 Natural Resources Research Institute technical report number NRRI/TR-2013/05 1 Executive Summary Water temperature is generally considered one of the primary physical habitat parameter determining the suitability of stream habitat for fish species, with effects on the mortality, metabolism, growth, behavior, and reproduction of individuals. In this study we assessed the potential threats of climate change on stream temperatures and flow regimes in Lake Superior tributary streams in Minnesota, USA. The study included deterministic models for stream flow and temperature of three study streams (Amity Creek, Baptism River, Knife River), and regional (empirical) models for specific flow and temperature parameters to give better spatial coverage of the region. Information on stream flow, stream temperature, and land cover was used to develop a brook trout presence/absence model to understand the current pattern of distribution of brook trout and predict future distributions under future climate. The hydrology of north shore streams is mainly driven by air temperature and precipitation. Historical air temperatures in the region have a significant upward trend, particularly since 1980. Global climate model (GCM) outputs project a continued increasing trend in air temperature, with an increase in mean annual air temperature of 2 to 3 °C by 2089.
    [Show full text]
  • LAND USE and WATER RESOURCES in the MINNESOTA NORTH SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Carol A. Johnston, Brian Allen, John Bonde, Jim Sal6s
    LAND USE AND WATER RESOURCES IN THE MINNESOTA NORTH SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Carol A. Johnston, Brian Allen, John Bonde, Jim Sal6s, and Paul Meysembourg Natural Resources GIS Laboratory (NRGIS) NRRI Technical Report NRRI/TR-91/07 July 1991 Research funded by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources INTRODUCTION Rivers and streams are an important feature of the Minnesota North Shore. A dozen state parks and waysides lie at the mouths of rivers that cascade down the steep slopes of Minnesota’s northern highlands into Lake Superior,-carving beautiful waterfalls out the basalt bedrock. But the rivers that drain the 5778 km2 North Shore drainage basin provide more than scenic beauty, delivering nutrients and other materials to Lake Superior. Lake Superior’s tributaries provide about half of its annual water input (Bennett 1978), more than 90% of its total dissolved solids, and 68% of its phosphorus (Upper Lakes Reference Group 1977). Moreover, the water from these tributaries is delivered to the nearshore zone, in which Lake Superior’s biological communities are concentrated (Rao 1978, Munawar and Munawar 1978, Watson and Wilson 1978). Since these communities of bacteria, algae, and zooplankton form the basis of the food web, the productivity and integrity of Lake Superior’s waters are heavily dependent on water supplied by the North Shore drainage basin. While some of the materials delivered by rivers and streams are essential to aquatic life, excessive inputs of sediment and nutrients can cause nonpoint source pollution, the flow of pollutants from land to water in stormwater runoff or from seepage through the soil.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Analysis of Critical Habitat Designation for the Canada Lynx
    ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION FOR THE CANADA LYNX Final Economic Analysis | October 31, 2006 prepared for: Division of Economics U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 4401 N. Fairfax Drive Arlington, VA 22203 prepared by: Industrial Economics, Incorporated 2067 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02140 Final Economic Analysis – October 31, 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SECTION 1 FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS 1-1 1.1 Approach to Estimating Economic Effects 1-2 1.2 Scope of the Analysis 1-6 1.3 Analytic Time Frame 1-11 1.4 Information Sources 1-11 1.5 Structure of Report 1-12 SECTION 2 BACKGROUND 2-1 2.1 Proposed Critical Habitat Designation 2-1 2.2 Threats to the Species and its Habitat 2-8 SECTION 3 TIMBER ACTIVITIES 3-1 3.1 Profiles of Regional Timber Industries 3-2 3.2 Changes in Timber Management Practices as a Result of Lynx Conservation Efforts 3-9 3.3 Pre-Designation Impacts to Timber Activities 3-12 3.4 Post-Designation Impacts to Timber Activities 3-13 3.5 Caveats 3-18 SECTION 4 DEVELOPMENT 4-1 4.1 Summary of Results 4-2 4.2 Methods and Assumptions 4-4 4.3 Unit by Unit Analysis 4-8 SECTION 5 RECREATION 5-1 5.1 Summary of Impacts to Recreation 5-1 5.2 Methods and Assumptions 5-5 5.3 Snowmobiling Scenario 2: Estimated Impacts by Unit 5-12 5.4 Hunting and Trapping 5-22 5.5 Other Recreational Projects 5-24 Final Economic Analysis – October 31, 2006 SECTION 6 PUBLIC LANDS MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION PLANNING 6-1 6.1 Summary of Impacts to Public Lands Management and Conservation Planning 6-1 6.2 Methods and Assumptions
    [Show full text]
  • Superior Hiking Trail Rises to Craggy Peaks and Plunges Into Forests of Birch, Maple, Spruce, Cedar, and Pine
    Photography by Gary Alan Nelson A Trail With a View For spectacular vistas, follow a footpath along the North Shore’s rocky ridge. Are you up for a day hike in one of Minnesota’s most dramatic landscapes? The Superior Hiking Trail rises to craggy peaks and plunges into forests of birch, maple, spruce, cedar, and pine. It crosses rushing streams and opens to panoramas of Lake Superior and the highlands. Built just for hiking and backpacking, the 296-mile footpath runs from Jay Cooke State Park to the Ontario border. Each year more than 50,000 hikers explore parts of this sensational trail. With 53 trailhead parking lots, one about every 5 to 10 miles, you can easily hop on and hike for an hour or a day. Here’s a look at some of the sights along three stretches. 26 Minnesota Conservation Volunteer July–August 2014 27 Gooseberry to Split Rock Gooseberry Falls State Park is a popular starting point. In the park, a bench overlooks the Gooseberry River. Markers assure hikers they’re on trail. This 6-mile section follows Bread Loaf Ridge. Atop a cliff, hikers gain a bird’s-eye view. During spring and fall, hikers can see migratory birds along this North Shore flyway. July–August 2014 29 Waterfalls on the Gooseberry River create a soundscape. From time to time, hikers get a view of the open sky over the big lake. In the late 1890s, lumber companies logged the land along the river. By the 1920s logging and fire had cleared the pines.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report, for the Year 1893
    Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Toronto http://www.archive.org/details/annualreport22geol w THE GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF MINNESOTA. The Twenty-second Annual Report, for the Year 1893. State Geologist. MINNEAPOLIS: HARRISON & SMITH, STATE PRINTERS. 1894. ISL7 THE BOARD OF RECrENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA. Hon. Stephen Mahoney, Minneapolis ]895 Hon. Sidney M. Owen, Minneapolis 1895 Hon. John Lind, New Ulm 1896 Hon. John S. Pillsbury, Minneapolis 1896 Hon. Ozora P. Stearns, Duluth 1897 Hon. William Liggett, Benson 1897 Hon. Joel P. Heatwole, Northfleld 1897 Hon. Greenleaf Clark, St. Paul 1898 Hon. Cushsian K. Davis, St. Paul 1898 Hon. Knute Nelson, Governor of the State Ex-officto Hon. W. W. Pendergast, Supt. of Public Instruction Ex-officin Dr. Cyrus Northrop, President of the University Ex-officio OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. Hon. John S. Pillsbijry President Hon. D. L. Kiehle Recording Secretary President Cyrus Northrop Cm-respoiiding Secretary Joseph E. Ware Treamrer - ADDRESS. Minneapolis, Minn., Aug. 1, 1894. To the President of the Board, of Regents: Dear Sir —I have the honor to offer herewith the twenty second annual report of the Geological and Natural History- Survey of Minnesota. It embraces preliminary field reports on a large amount of work, contributed by the various assist- ants who were engaged on the survey during the season of 1893. It also contains lists of additions to the library and to the museum. Respectfully submitted, N. H. WINCHELL, State Geologist and Curator of the General Museum. GEOLOGICAL CORPS. N. H. WiNCHEi.L State Geologist Warren Upham Assistant Geologist U.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey and Fish Man- E Streams of the North Shore Watershed
    nical Bulletin Number 1 SURVEY AND FISH MAN- E STREAMS OF THE NORTH SHORE WATERSHED LLOYD L. SM ITH, JR. and JOHN B. MOYLE DEPARTMENT Of CONSERVATION ISION OF GAME AND FISH This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp (Funding for document digitization was provided, in part, by a grant from the Minnesota Historical & Cultural Heritage Program.) MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION DIVISION OF GAME AND FISH A BIOLOGICAL SURVEY AND FISHERY MAN­ AGEMENT PLAN FOR THE STREAMS OF THE LAKE SUPERIOR NORTH SHORE WATERSHED LLOYD L. SMITH, JR. Research Supervisor and JOHN B. MOYLE Aquatic Biologist A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE MINNESOTA FISHERIES RESEARCH LABORATORY TECHNICAL BULLETIN NO. 1 1 9 4 4 STATE OF MINNESOTA The Honorable Edward J. Thye ................... Governor MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION Chester S. Wilson ............................ Commissioner E. V. Willard ........................ Deputy Commissioner DIVISION OF GAME AND FISH Verne E. Joslin ............................. Acting Director E. R. Starkweather ........................ Law Enforcement Norman L. Moe ........................... Fish Propagation George Weaver ........................ Commercial Fisheries Stoddard Robinson .................... Rough Fish Removal Lloyd L. Smith,- Jr........................ Fisheries Research Thomas Evans ........................ Stream Improvement Frank Blair .......................... ~ .. Game Management
    [Show full text]
  • North Shore Periphyton [Attached Algae] Survey
    North Shore Periphyton [Attached Algae] Survey July 2003 Jeff Jasperson MPCA Summer Intern Surveyed Streams: Tischer Creek Amity Creek and Lower Lester River Talmadge River French River Knife River Encampment River Gooseberry River Brule River General Trends · Periphyton abundance was greatest in the two Duluth urban streams (Tischer, Amity), and was not observed in the most rural stream (Brule) · Despite a few exceptions, periphyton levels were lower in streams farther from Duluth · Sunlight appears to be the limiting factor for periphyton growth in streams near the Duluth area. Essentially wherever adequate sunlight hit these streams, periphyton was observed · As expected, rivers with more pristine watersheds had lower levels of periphyton · In some survey streams, especially Knife River and Amity and Tischer Creeks, there was a noticeable increase in periphyton abundance near bridges or heavily used roads · Both epipelon (growth on soft sediments) and epilithion (growth on stones) periphyton were observed. Epilithion forms were by far the most common in North Shore streams. · Streamflow seems to factor into periphyton growth in North Shore streams. Riffles with moderate flow were found to support periphyton communities more often than stagnant backwaters or side pools. Growths along fast-flowing, shallow waterfalls were frequent. Stream: Tischer Creek Location of Survey: Greysolon Street to London Rd. Overpass (Duluth) Date/Time: July 24, 2003 @ 1345 In a survey of Tischer Creek from London Road to the St. Marie Street bridge, abundant growths of periphyton were observed. Nearly every region of the stream within the survey range exhibited very noticeable growths, making it difficult to establish any clear periphyton trends for this particular stream.
    [Show full text]
  • Watertrail Map 2.FH10
    Route Description LAKE SUPERIOR Be familiar with dangers of hypothermia and All watercraft (including non-motorized canoes and Other items recommended for paddlers to carry: (continued from other side) ake Superior is the largest freshwater dress appropriately for the cold water (32 to 50 kayaks over 9 feet in length) must be registered in A portable VHF radio to call for help in an emer- In Miles (0.0 at Minnesota Entrance -Duluth Lift Bridge) lake on our planet, containing 10% of degrees Fahrenheit). Minnesota or the state of residence. gency and monitor the weather channels; Spray skirt; Float for paddle; Whistle and emergency all the fresh water on earth. The lake's Cold water is a killer - wearing a wet or dry suit is 42.3 Crazy Bay. Split Rock Lighthouse State Park. Two 32,000 square mile surface area stretches strongly recommended. Anticipate changes in weather, wind and wave by flares; Water, snacks and sunscreen; and compass. kayak campsites. West site is for kayakers only and across the border between the United monitoring a weather or marine VHF radio, and using is available on a first-come, first-served basis. Pit States and Canada; two countries, three states, one Seek instruction and practice kayak skills, in- your awareness and common sense. This map is not adequate for sole use as a toilet. [47° 11.075' N / 91° 23.975' W]. East site (backpack/kayak site #3) is shared-use by kayakers province and many First Nations surround Superior's cluding rescues, before paddling on Lake Superior. The National Weather Service broadcasts a 24 hour navigational aid.
    [Show full text]
  • ATLAS of the SPAWNING and NURSERY AREAS of GREAT LAKES FISHES Volume II - Lake Superior
    Biological Services Program FWS/OBS-82/52 SEPTEMBER 1982 ATLAS OF THE SPAWNING AND NURSERY AREAS OF GREAT LAKES FISHES Volume II - Lake Superior Great Lake - St. Lawrence Seaway Navigation Season Extension Program Fish and Wildlife Service Corps of Engineers U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Department of the Army The Biological Services Program was established within the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to supply scientific information and methodologies on key environmental issues that Impact fish and wildlife resources and their supporting ecosystems. The mission of the program is as follows: o To strengthen the Fish and Wildlife Service in its role as a primary source of information on national fish and wild- life resources, particularly in respect to environmental impact assessment. o To gather, analyze, and present information that will aid decisionmakers in the identification and resolution of problems associated with major changes in land and water use. o To provide better ecological information and evaluation for Department of the Interior development programs, such as those relatfng to energy development. Information developed by the Biological Services Program is intended for use in the planning and decisionmaking process to prevent or minimize the impact of development on fish and wildlife. Research activities and technlcal assistance services are based on an analysis of the issues, a determination of the decisionmakers involved and their informatlon needs, and an evaluation of the state of the art to identify information gaps and to determine priorities. This is a strategy that will ensure that the products produced and disseminated are timely and useful.
    [Show full text]