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Home , Amathina, Amathina tricarinata, Amathinidae, Diala, Dialidae, Eastern Thailand

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

PAPER • OPEN ACCESS Marine mini-and micro-shells from Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, province, Eastern

To cite this article: C Kamtuptim and P Dumrongrojwattana 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 420 012016

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SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Marine mini-and micro-shells from Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, ,

C Kamtuptim1,* and P Dumrongrojwattana1 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, 169 Longhardbandsaen Road, Bangsaen, Muang District, 20131, Thailand

*Corresponding author: [email protected] ,[email protected]

Abstract. Marine mini- and micro-shells from Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand have been investigated between the 3rd -9th of June, 2019. Specimens were randomly collected from the sand sediments in the sandy beach and microhabitat such as under the rock, dead , etc in rocky shore by handpicking. A total of 31 families, 57 genera and 66 were recorded. At least 30 taxa are enlisted as a new record of the .

1. Introduction Thai waters are the edged joint of the Western Indo-Pacific and Central Indo-Pacific marine biogeographic realms [1]. From the 3rd -9th of June 2019, Plant Genetic Conservation Project under the Royal Initiative of Her Royal Highness Princess Manha Chakri Sirindhorn and Royal Thai Navy did the survey about natural resources on Koh Kut (Kut Island), Trat province, Eastern Thailand. This island has patches of reefs and many marine life species co-exist in this area such as corals, sponges, fishes, mollusks, etc. Hundred species of mollusks also have been reported from this area but most of them are large species [2]. However, mini- and micro-snails are very poorly reported not only in this area but also in Thai waters. In this paper, we would like to present the diversity of mini- and micro-shells collected from Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province based on shell morphology.

2. Methods Field collection was done at Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand between 3rd -9th June 2019 (Figure 1). Specimens were randomly collected by handpicking and sieved by 0.5 and 1.0-millimeter mesh size from sand sediments, and debris along the beach in which the distance is about 600 meters. Sieved sediments were brought back to the laboratory for sorted out of the shells under stereomicroscope Olympus SZ30. Cleaned shells were digital photographed using Canon MPE- 65 macro lens. Taxonomic identification was done by using the literature of Okutani [3], Robba [4], Poppe [5], Poppe [6], and Poppe [7].

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1

SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Figure 1. Study site ( ).

3. Result and discussion From the field survey, a total of 33 families, 60 genera and 66 species were recorded (Figure 2-4 and Table 1). Snails in the family Triphoridae, and Epitoniidae are the most diverse diversity which is 9, 8 and 6 species respectively and at least 30 species are a new record to the Gulf of Thailand. Comparing diversity with the adjacent areas, twenty-seven species from seventy species recorded (39%), are similar to species reported from Japan [3] and similar to 21% and 20% of total species reported from Philippines and Korea respectively [5-8].

Vitrinellidae Assimineidae Turritellidae Caecidae Raphitomidae 2% 2% 1% 1% 2% 2% 5% 4% Calliostomatidae 1% 2% Cerithiidae Triphoridae 5% 11% Tornidae Cerithiopsidae 1% 7% Tornatinidae Clathurellidae 4% 1% Stenothyridae Columbeliidae 2% 2% Skeneidae 1% Scissurellidae Epitoniidae 2% 1% 7%

Iravadiidae Haminoeidae 2% 5% Planaxidae Eulimidae 2% 6% Pyramidellidae 2% Litiopidae 1% 1% 10% 1% Figure 2. Diversity of mini- and micro-shells.

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SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Table 1. Alphabetically list of mini- and micro-shell found at Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand. No. Family Species 1 Assimineidae Angustassiuminea sp. 2 Angustassiuminea castanea

3 Amathinidae tricarinata 4 dianae

5 Caecidae Caecum neocaledonicum 6 Caecum sepimentum

7 Caecum japonicum

8 Caecum sp.

9 Calliostomatidae Tristichotrochus multiliratum 10 Cerithiidae Bittium glareosum 11 Cerithidium sp.1

12 Cerithium alutaceum

13 Ittibittium parcum

14 Cerithiopsidae Clathropsis subreticulata 15 Horologica bipartita

16 Joculator sp.

17 Seila wareni

18 Specula dimatteoi

19 Tubercliopsis lorenzoi

20 Clathurellidae Etrema scalarina 21 Zafra hervieri 22 Zafra pumila

23 Dialidae semistriata 24 Diala albugo

25 Epitoniidae hyalina 26 Epitonium brevissimum 27 Epitonium gracile

28 Epitonium millecostatum

29 Epitonium sp.1

30 Epitonium sp.2

31. Eulimidae Melanella sp. 32. Haminoeidae Aliculastrum debile 33 Haloa vitrea

34 Vellicolla consticta

35 Vellicolla okamotoi

36 Iravadiidae sp.1 37 Iravadia sp.2

38 Litiopidae Gibborissoia virgata 39 Planaxidae Fossarus trochlearis 40 Hinea inepta

41 Plesiotrochidae Plesiotrochus pagodiformis

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SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Table 1. Alphabetically list of mini- and micro-shell found at Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand (cont.). No Family Species 42 Pyramidellidae Brachystomia bipyramidata 43 Turbonilla fulvizonata 44 Trabecula jeffreysiana 45 Turbonilla cura 46 Turbonilla gloriamishimana 47 Turbonilla gradata 48 Turbonilla lactea 49 Turbonilla sp.1 50 Rissoinidae sp.1 51 Rissoina sp.2 52 Scaliolidae bella 53 pupoides 54 Finella purpureoapicata 55 Finella rufocincta 56 Scaliola arenosa 57 Scissurellidae Sinezona plicata 58 Skeneidae Munditiella ammonoceras 59 Stenothyridae Stenothyra monilifera 60 Stenothyra ventricosa 61 Tornatinidae Acteocina exilis 62 Acteocina gordonis 63 Acteocina sp. 64 Tornidae Solariorbis sp. 65 Triphoridae Coriophora cnodax 66 Coriophora fusca 67 Coriophora monilifera 68 Costatophora sp. 69 Inella sp. 70 Iniforis progressa 71 Monophorus hervieri 72 Nanaphora triticea 73 Viriola tricincta 74 Trochidae impertusa 75 pulchella 76 Raphitomidae Pseudodaphnella excellens 77 Turritellidae Turritella sp. 78 Vermetidae glomeratus 79 Petaloconchus renisectus 80 Thylaeodus rugulosus 81 Vitrinellidae Circulus sp. 82 Vittinella lenticula

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SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Table 1. Alphabetically list of mini- and micro-shell found at Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand (cont.). No Family Species 83 Zebinidae Pandalosia ephamilla 84 Pandalosia subulata

Figure 3. Some microshells recorded from this study. 1) Caecum neocaledonicum, 2) Caecum sepimentum, 3) Caecum japonicum, 4) Caecum sp, 5) , 6) Angustassiuminea sp, 7) Angustassiuminea castanea, 8) Fossarus trochlearis, 9) Leucotina dianae, 10) Cerithium alutaceum, 11) Ittibittium parcum, 12) Bittium glareosum, 13) Melanella sp, 14) Clathropsis subreticulata, 15) Horologica bipartita, 16) Joculator sp, 17) Seila wareni, 18) Iravadia sp.1, 19) Specula dimatteoi and 20) Etrema scalarina.

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SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Figure 4. Some microshells recorded from this study. 21) Zafra hervieri, 22) Zafra pumila, 23) Diala semistriata, 24: Diala albugio. 25) Iravadia sp.2, 26) Epitonium brevissimum, 27) Epitonium gracile, 28) Epitonium millecostatum, 29) Epitonium sp.1, 30) Epitonium sp.2, 31) Aliculartrum debile, 32) Hinea inepta, 33) Scalio bella, 34) Scalio arenosa, 35) Stomatella impertusa, and 36) Coriophora cnodax. However, more sampling areas and the larger number of specimens found would give a much higher number of species living in the Gulf of Thailand.

4. Conclusion A total of 31 families and 66 species of mini- and micro-shells were recorded from Klong Chao Beach, Trat province, Eastern Thailand. At least 30 species are newly recorded in the Gulf of Thailand.

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SCESAP 2019 IOP Publishing

IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 420 (2020) 012016 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012016

Acknowledgments We would like to thanks the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiation of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn (RSPG), Naval Special Warfare Command, Royal Thai Fleet, Thai Royal Navy for their kindly support in this survey. Thanks also due to the anonymous reviewers for their comments. This work was financially supported by the Biodiversity-Based Economy Development Office (Public Organization) (Grant No. สพภ2562/14 .ชว-)).

References [1] Spalding M D et al. 2007 Marine ecoregions of the world: a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas BioScience 57(7) 573-583 [2] Nabhitabhata J 2009 Checklist of Fauna in Thailand Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning Thailand p 576 [3] Okutani T 2000 Marine Mollusks in Japan (Tokyo: Tokai University Press) p 1173 [4] Robba E, Di Geronimo I, Chaimanee N, Negri M P and Sanfilippo R 2003 Holocene and recent shallow soft-bottom mollusks from the northern gulf of Thailand area: Scaphopoda, , additions to Bivalvia Tailandia La Conchiglia international shell magazine 1- 288 [5] Poppe G T 2008 Philippine Marine Mollusks Vol 1, Gastropoda Part 1 (Germany: Conchbooks) p 758 [6] Poppe G T 2008 Philippine Marine Mollusks Vol 2, Gastropoda Part 2 (Germany: Conchbooks) p 848 [7] Poppe G T 2010 Philippine Marine Mollusks Vol 3, Gastropoda Part 3 and Bivalvia Part 1 (Germany: Conchbooks) p 665 [8] Chang C K and Wu W L 2005 The Taiwan mollusks - II Triphoridae (Mollusca: ) from Lutao, Taitung (Taipei: Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica) p 116

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