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Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pectinidae

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Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pectinidae Contr. Tert. Quatern. Geol. 36(1-4) 45-57 2 tabs, 2 pis. Leiden, December 1999 Neogene species of Pseudamussium (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pectinidae) from Belgium R. Marquet Antwerp, Belgium and H.H. Dijkstra University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, the Netherlands Marquet, R. & H.H. Dijkstra. Neogene species ofPseudamussium (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pectinidae) from Belgium. — Contr. Tert. Quatern. Geol., 36(1-4): 45-57, 2 tabs, 2 pis. Leiden, December 1999. The and differences between this and Palliolum status of the pectinid genus Pseudamussium Mörch, 1853 is discussed, taxon Monterosato, 1884 are outlined. Five species from the Neogene of Belgium are assigned to Pseudamussium, viz. P. princeps (J. de C. Sowerby, 1826), P. edegemense (Glibert, 1945), P. lilli (Pusch, 1837), P. sulcatum (Müller, 1776), and P. clavatum (Poli, 1795). All of these described and and their and here are illustrated, stratigraphic ranges palaeoecology discussed. Pseudamussium sulcatum is the P. The latter and Pecten recorded from the Belgian Pliocene for first time, as is lilli. species’ wide range of variation is discussed scissus 1869 is considered be The of P. between the Favre, to a junior synonym. stratigraphic distribution lilli suggests a connection and the left valve of North Sea Basin and the Paratethys during the Miocene. In addition, the ontogeny of P. princeps is described, P. edegemense is here illustrated for the first time. Key words — Bivalvia, Pectinidae, Neogene, North Sea Basin, taxonomy. R. Marquet, Constitutiestraat 50, B-2060 Antwerpen, Belgium; H.H. Dijkstra, Department of Malacology, Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94766, NL-1090 GT Amsterdam, the Netherlands [e-mail: [email protected]]. Contents cavations, at the construction of a water purification the under- plant near Schijnpoort, Antwerp, at Antwerp Introduction 45 construction at and p. ground pits, Schijnpoort Schoolplein, Systematic descriptions p. 46 at building sites in the Ploegstraat, Antwerp, as well as Acknowledgements p. 51 during temporary excavations at Zonderschot (Heist-op- the References p. 51 den-Berg, southeast of Antwerp) by Belgische Ver- eniging voor Paleontologie (BVP). Papers on (tempo- rary) sections and their biostratigraphic interpretation Introduction include those by De Meuter et al. (1967, 1976), Janssen & Van der Mark (1969), Marquet (1991) and Hooy- but the molluscan faunas collected at Many new data on Neogene faunas from northwest Bel- berghs (1996a, b), these localities have not yet been studied in detail. Plio- gium have been assembled during the past thirty years, and cene faunas collected at the harbour works at numerous molluscan species have been recorded for gastropod have the first time for the North Sea Basin. In addition, certain Kallo (west of Antwerp, Oost-Vlaanderen) recently been described 1993, species identifications could be amended, since the new by Marquet (1984, 1995a, 1996, collections and comprised much more and better-preserved 1997a-c) monographed by Marquet (1998). material. The present paper is the third in a series of contri- Miocene faunas have been extensively collected dur- butions revising Neogene bivalves collected at Kallo and ing construction works of the Kleine Ring (E3) motor- at other recent temporary outcrops, the first being those and way around Antwerp, at the Kennedy Tunnel ex- by Dijkstra & Janssen (1988) Marquet (1995b). 46 SYSTEMATICDESCRIPTIONS secondary radial macro-ornament, rarely intercostal smooth commarginal ornament. Internal surface or lyrate, size. Ctenolium delicate Abbreviations — To denote the repositories of speci- not carinate. Auricles unequal in mentioned in the abbreviations with teeth; notch shal- mens text, the following closely spaced byssal moderately - - low and fasciole rather are used: HD H.H. Dijkstra Collection, IRScNB In- throughout ontogeny, byssal stitut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Brussels broad. — Mid- (Belgium), RGM - Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Mu- Distribution Early Miocene to Recent, Europe; seum/Naturalis, Leiden (the Netherlands, formerly dle Miocene, Iran; Recent, eastern Pacific (see Hertlein - in Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie), RM R. Moore, 1969, p. N354). — references Pseuda- Marquet Collection. Remarks Numerous previous to mussium may be found in Grau (1959), who followed mainly North (1951a, b). Hertlein in Moore (1969, p. Order Ostreoida Ferussac, 1822 (emend. N354) placed Pseudamussium in the Eburneopecten Waller, 1978) group, together with Cyclopecten Verrill, 1897, Hemi- Palliolum Suborder Pectinina Waller, 1978 pecten Adams & Reeve, 1849 and Montero- 1884 and number of Superfamily Pectinoidea Wilkes, 1810 (emend. sato, a subgenera. Subsequently, Waller, 1978) Vaught in Abbott & Boss (1989, p. 119) in part followed Family Pectinidae Wilkes, 1810 (emend. Hertlein and assigned Pseudamussium to the tribe Waller, 1978) Eburneopectini, which also included Delectopecten Subfamily Palliolinae Korobkov in Eberzin, 1960 Stewart, 1930. Cyclopecten, however, is a propeamussiid Waller Tribe Palliolini Waller, 1993 (= Palliolum genus, not a pectinid, according to (1984, p. 213). The resembles Pedum Lamarck, group, Waller in Shumway, 1991) monotypic Hemipecten 1799 Waller, 1972, and is now referred to Genus Pseudamussium Morch, 1853 (see p. 256) the tribe Chlamydini von Teppner, 1922 (see Waller, and 1993, p. 200). With Placopecten Verrill, 1897 Pseu- damussium, Palliolum the Palliolum Type species — Pecten septemradiatus Miiller, 1776 (= belongs to group, referred the tribe Palliolini Ostrea Linne, 1771; see 1999, now to as (see Waller, 1993, peslutrae Dijkstra, p. 427) under the 198). Waller & Marincovich (1992, 219) have re- plenary powers (ICNZ Opinion 714). p. p. Stratigraphic distribution— Early Miocene to Recent. cently placed Delectopecten in the Camptonectinae and show — 1977. Synonyms The following taxa are considered to be Habe, Peplum Karnekampia mor- features identical to those of Pseudamussium synonymous with Pseudamussium: phological and here considered to be thus are junior synonyms (see Pseudamusium 134 also Hertlein in Waller in Shum- -J Klein, 1753, p. (pre-Linnaean); Moore, 1969, p. N355; Pseudamussium 340 -1 Herrmannsen, 1847, p. (nomen nudum); way, 1991, p. 35). Neogene species from the North Sea Pseudamussium H. & A. Adams, 1853, 553 of -J p. (subgenus Basin have formerly been assigned either to Palliolum or Pecten), type species, by subsequent designation of Dall, 1898 these to Pseudamussium; differences between taxa are (p. 751), is Ostrea hybrida Gmelin, 1791 (= Ostrea exotica briefly outlined in Table 1. Dillwyn, 1817); Pseudamusium Verrill, 1897, 60 of Pseuda- -i p. (emendation mussium H. & A. Adams); -l et 67 Pseudamussium edegemense (Glibert, 1945) Peplum Bucquoy al., 1889, pp. 62, (subgenus of Pecten), type species, by original designation, (= Ostrea PI. 1, figs 3, 4 clavata Poli, 1795); 191 of * Platipecten-i Monterosato, 1889, p. (subgenus 1945 Pecten (Pallium) edegemensis Glibert, p. 77, pi. 3, Chlamys), type species by original designation, is Pecten fig. 3a-c. subclavatus Cantraine, 1835 (= Pecten septemradiatus Midler, 1776); Locus typicus — Former clay pit at Edegem, south of -J in 9 ICNZ Porosichlamys Barsotti Lucas, 1979, p. (invalid, Antwerp, Belgium. art. lie); Stratum — Berchem -I typicum Formation, Edegem Karnekampia Wagner, 1988, p. 41, type species, by original Member designation, is Pecten bruei Payraudeau, 1826 (= Pecten (Miocene, Hemmoorian, Behrendorfian). sulcatus Miiller, 1776). Material studied — IRScNB 1ST 1943 (holotype), IRScNB 1ST 1944, IRScNB 1ST 6384, IRScNB 1ST Diagnosis — Radially undulated to smooth Palliolini 6394, in addition to 1 specimen (RM Colin, temporary Gaumont Cinema, Berchem with antimarginal micro-ornament on anterior and pos- outcrop garage Antwerp, terior of intercostal central 12 side disc, absent or rarely on Formation, Antwerpen Member, Panopea level), portion, and on auricles of left valve. Radial and corn- specimens (RM Colin, Antwerp-Ploegstraat, same marginal macro-ornament in early ontogeny. In later stratigraphic level), 16 specimens (RM Colin, Antwerp- growth stages solid or more or less hollow primary and Kleine Ring motorway exit at Luitenant Lippenslaan, 47 33 Occurrence — Pseudamussium is same stratigraphic level), specimens (RM Colin, edegemense rare in the Antwerp-underground Schijnpoort, same stratigraphic Edegem and Zonderschot members, but fairly common in level), 11 specimens (RM Colin, Antwerp-Kleine Ring the Panopea bed (Antwerpen Member). According to motorway, Berchem, same stratigraphic level), 26 Hooyberghs (1996a, b), these units of the Berchem Berchem specimens (RM Colin, Heist-op-den-Berg, Formation are of Early Miocene (Aquitanian-Burdi- Formation, Zonderschot 12 however Member), specimens (RM galian) age, according to Janssen (1998) they Colin, Antwerp-Kennedy Tunnel, Berchem Formation, should be included in the Middle Miocene Langhian Edegem Member), 12 specimens (Antwerp-Kleine Ring (Hemmoorian, Behrendorfian in the North Sea basin). Berchem [co-ordinates 154.5-155.7, 209.5-211.8], The sediment type of these members is a rather coarse, well-sorted Formation, Antwerpen Member). glauconitic sand; they have yielded warm, Dimensions — see Table 2. rather deep water faunas, at least partially preserved in Description — Rather small, tear-shaped, inequivalve situ (e.g. Panopea level). So far, P. edegemense has not shell, taller than wide, left valve more tumid than right. been found in the Deurne Member (Diest Formation,
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