The Critical Fish Habitat Project
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The Critical Fish Habitat Project Assessment of the success of reintroductions of threatened fish species in the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth region 2011‒2014 C. Bice, N. Whiterod and B. Zampatti SARDI Publication No. F2012/000348-3 SARDI Research Report Series No. 792 SARDI Aquatics Sciences PO Box 120 Henley Beach SA 5022 July 2014 The Critical Fish Habitat Project Assessment of the success of reintroductions of threatened fish species in the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth Region 2011‒ 2014 C. Bice, N. Whiterod and B. Zampatti SARDI Publication No. F2012/000348-3 SARDI Research Report Series No. 792 July 2014 II This publication may be cited as: Bice, C., Whiterod, N. and Zampatti, B. (2014). The Critical Fish Habitat Project: Assessment of the success of reintroduction of threatened fish species in the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth region 2011‒2014. South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences), Adelaide. SARDI Publication No. F2012/000348-3. SARDI Research Report Series No. 792. 41pp. South Australian Research and Development Institute SARDI Aquatic Sciences 2 Hamra Avenue West Beach SA 5024 Telephone: (08) 8207 5400 Facsimile: (08) 8207 5406 http://www.sardi.sa.gov.au DISCLAIMER The authors warrant that they have taken all reasonable care in producing this report. The report has been through the SARDI internal review process, and has been formally approved for release by the Research Chief, Aquatic Sciences. Although all reasonable efforts have been made to ensure quality, SARDI does not warrant that the information in this report is free from errors or omissions. SARDI does not accept any liability for the contents of this report or for any consequences arising from its use or any reliance placed upon it. The SARDI Report Series is an Administrative Report Series which has not been reviewed outside the department and is not considered peer-reviewed literature. Material presented in these Administrative Reports may later be published in formal peer-reviewed scientific literature. © 2014 SARDI This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth), no part may be reproduced by any process, electronic or otherwise, without the specific written permission of the copyright owner. Neither may information be stored electronically in any form whatsoever without such permission. Printed in Adelaide: July 2014 SARDI Publication No. F2012/000348-3 SARDI Research Report Series No. 792 Author(s): C. Bice, N. Whiterod and B. Zampatti Reviewer(s): J. Nicol and P. Wilson Approved by: Q. Ye Science Leader – Inland Waters & Catchment Ecology Signed: Date: 14 July 2014 Distribution: SAASC Library, University of Adelaide Library, Parliamentary Library, State Library and National Library Circulation: Public Domain III Bice et al. 2014 Critical Fish Habitat Project 2011‒2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ IV LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................... V LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................... VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................... VIII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 3 1.1. Background.................................................................................................................. 3 1.2. Objectives .................................................................................................................... 5 2. METHODS .......................................................................................................................... 6 2.1. Sites and reintroductions.............................................................................................. 6 2.2. Fish monitoring and site condition assessment ............................................................ 8 2.3. Population status and assessment of reintroduction success ......................................11 3. RESULTS ..........................................................................................................................12 3.1. Catch summary ...........................................................................................................12 3.2. Site condition ..............................................................................................................13 3.3. Threatened species population status and reintroduction success ..............................18 4. DISCUSSION ....................................................................................................................29 4.1. Current species and site condition status ....................................................................29 4.2. Evaluating success of the CFH Project and future conservation of threatened species in the CLLMM ........................................................................................................................33 5. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................36 6. REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................37 IV Bice et al. 2014 Critical Fish Habitat Project 2011‒2014 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Summary of potential (black) and actual (green) reintroduction sites for southern purple-spotted gudgeon, Yarra pygmy perch and Murray hardyhead in the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth (CLLMM) region in 2012/13. Murray Barrages are indicated by black lines. Site numbers are cross referenced in Table 2. ....................... 6 Figure 2. Yarra pygmy perch sampled from the Streamer Drain during spring 2012 – the first individual sampled from the CLLMM region (and MDB) since 2007. ............................19 Figure 3. Length-frequency distributions and corresponding max fluorescence (sample fluorescence ratio) against length plots for all Yarra pygmy perch sampled in spring 2012 (a & b), autumn 2013 (c & d), spring 2013 (e & f) and autumn 2014 (g & h). Dashed line represents the fluorescence reading deemed to indicate a calcein mark and red ellipses represent likely recaptured released fish. ...........................................21 Figure 4. a) Young-of-year southern pygmy perch sampled from b) the ‘natural channel connected to Hunters Creek’ site in spring 2013..........................................................23 Figure 5. Length-frequency distributions and corresponding maximum fluorescence (sample fluorescence ratio) against length plots for all southern pygmy perch sampled in autumn 2012 (a & b), spring 2012 (c & d), autumn 2013 (e & f), spring 2013 (g & h) and autumn 2014 (I & j). Dashed line represents the fluorescence reading deemed to indicate a calcein mark and red ellipses represent likely recaptured released fish. ......24 Figure 6. a) Murray hardyhead sampled from the b) Finniss River Junction site in autumn 2014. ....................................................................................................................................25 Figure 7. Length-frequency distributions for Murray hardyhead sampled in a) autumn 2012, b) spring 2012, c) autumn 2013, d) spring 2013 and e) autumn 2014. .............................26 Figure 8. Large southern purple-spotted gudgeon (99 mm TL) sampled from the lower Finniss River (Winery Rd) in spring 2013. ................................................................................27 Figure 9. Length-frequency distributions for southern purple-spotted gudgeon sampled in a) autumn 2012, b) spring 2012, c) autumn 2013 and d) spring 2013. .............................28 Figure 10. a) Stock access and b) associated damage in the lower Finniss River (Winery Rd) in autumn 2014. ..............................................................................................................32 V Bice et al. 2014 Critical Fish Habitat Project 2011‒2014 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Summary of key threatened fish species in the CLLMM region and their conservation status. Conservation status is coded as Critically Endangered (CR); Endangered (E); Vulnerable (VU); Rare (R); and Protected (P) at international (International Union for Conservation of Nature) national (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999) and state (Fisheries Management Act 2007) levels, including interim state conservation listings (Hammer et al. 2009b). ............................................ 4 Table 2. List of proposed receiving sites for reintroductions of southern purple-spotted gudgeon (SPSG), Yarra pygmy perch (YPP), Murray hardyhead (MHH) and southern pygmy perch (SPP). These sites (with the exception of Eastick Creek) were monitored in 2013/14. ....................................................................................................................... 7 Table 3. Summary of sites (site number in brackets) and the numbers of Yarra pygmy perch (YPP), southern pygmy perch (SPP), southern purple-spotted gudgeon (SPSG) and Murray hardyhead (MHH) released over 2011–2013. The source of reintroduced