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A Short History of Land Alienation in the South Manukau District

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A Short History of Land Alienation in the South Manukau District A short history of land alienation in the South Manukau District Peter McBurney & Nat Green Auckland July 2012 South Manukau History, McBurney & Green, July 2012 Contents CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................... 2 PREFACE ........................................................................................................................ 5 Synopsis .................................................................................................................... 5 The Authors ............................................................................................................... 6 Copyright ................................................................................................................... 7 1. BACKGROUND HISTORY ............................................................................................. 9 1.1 A brief pre-Treaty history of the region .............................................................. 9 1.2 The establishment of Auckland ......................................................................... 11 1.3 Land disputes south of the Manukau Harbour .................................................. 13 1.3.1 Political and economic changes in the 1840s ............................................ 13 1.3.2 The Taurangaruru conflict ......................................................................... 15 2. CROWN PURCHASES IN SOUTH MANUKAU .............................................................. 20 2.1 Waste Lands of the Crown ................................................................................ 20 2.2 Land Purchases East of Patumāhoe ................................................................... 23 2.2.1 The Pūkaki, Te Karaka and Manukau purchases ...................................... 24 2.2.2 The Pukekohe and Ramarama purchases 1842-1853 ................................ 25 2.2.3 The Paraheka and Roto purchases, 1848 ................................................... 31 2.3 Land Purchases between Pukekohe and Waiuku .............................................. 32 2.3.1 The Waiuku No. 1 purchase ...................................................................... 32 2.3.2 The Whakaupoko purchase ....................................................................... 35 2.3.3 The Patumāhoe and Titi Reserves ............................................................. 37 2.3.4 The Pukekohe Reserve .............................................................................. 38 3. THE WAIKATO WAR AND THE CONFISCATION OF THE SOUTH AUCKLAND RESERVES .................................................................................................................... 43 3.1 The Kīngitanga and the Waikato War ............................................................... 43 3.2 The Confiscation of South Manukau Lands ...................................................... 52 3.2.1 The New Zealand Settlements Act 1863 ................................................... 52 3.2.2 The confiscation of Patumāhoe & other reserves ...................................... 55 2 South Manukau History, McBurney & Green, July 2012 3.2.3 The Patumāhoe Compensation Court hearing ........................................... 56 4. SOUTH MANUKAU IWI TRADITIONS OVERVIEW .................................................... 63 4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 63 4.2 Ngā Oho, Ngā Iwi and Te Waiohua .................................................................. 65 4.3 Ngā Hekenga mai nō Waikato .......................................................................... 66 4.4 Te Patumāhoe .................................................................................................... 67 5. BRIEF ACCOUNTS OF SOUTH MANUKAU HAPŪ & IWI ............................................ 69 5.1 Ngāti Te Ata ...................................................................................................... 69 5.1.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 69 5.1.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 69 5.2 Ngāti Tamaoho .................................................................................................. 72 5.2.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 72 5.2.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 72 5.3 Te Akitai ............................................................................................................ 75 5.3.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 75 5.3.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 75 5.4 Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki (Ngāti Tai) ........................................................................ 78 5.4.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 78 5.4.2 Ngāti Taihaua Traditions ........................................................................... 78 5.4.3 Ngāti Pare Traditions ................................................................................. 80 5.4.4 Te Uri o Te Ao Traditions ......................................................................... 80 5.5 Te Uri o Pou (Ngāti Pou) .................................................................................. 83 5.5.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 83 5.5.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 83 5.6 Ngāti Tipa .......................................................................................................... 86 5.6.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 86 5.6.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 86 5.7 Ngāti Whātua o Ōrākei ...................................................................................... 88 5.7.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 88 5.7.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 88 5.8 Ngāti Tahinga and Ngāti Kārewa ...................................................................... 91 3 South Manukau History, McBurney & Green, July 2012 5.8.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 91 5.8.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 91 5.9 Ngāti Mahuta and Ngāti Hauā ........................................................................... 94 5.9.1 Marae ......................................................................................................... 94 5.9.2 Traditions ................................................................................................... 95 6. CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 98 BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................... 101 Primary Sources .................................................................................................... 101 Alexander Turnbull Library (ATL) .................................................................. 101 Archives New Zealand, Auckland (ANZ-A) .................................................... 101 Archives New Zealand, Wellington (ANZ-W) ................................................ 101 Auckland Institute and Museum, (AIM) .......................................................... 101 University of Waikato Library (UWL) ............................................................. 102 Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) ........................................................... 102 Maori Land Court Minute Books (MB) ........................................................... 102 Raupatu Document Bank (RDB) ...................................................................... 102 Secondary Sources ................................................................................................ 103 Books and Articles ........................................................................................... 103 Government Publications ................................................................................. 104 Newspapers....................................................................................................... 105 4 South Manukau History, McBurney & Green, July 2012 Preface Synopsis This report rehearses the broader historical events leading up to the Crown’s land purchasing activities south of the Manukau Harbour, which saw the land alienated from Māori customary title. The land wars of the 1860s were followed by widespread land confiscations that saw local Māori stripped of the reserves set aside from the original land sales. This included the Patumāhoe and Pukekohe Reserves, and a series of reserves along the
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