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www.esa-conference.ru Tourism in Yakutia

Ivanova Marfa Nikolaevna, senior instructor Atamanova Anna Alexandrovna, student Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov", ,

Over the past 10 years, there has been a positive The national park also includes the Buotama River trend in the growth of the tourist flow, tourists are most with its very small pillars. Another attraction is the an- attracted by the untouched nature and extreme condi- cient rock carvings found in several places in the area at tions of tourism, as well as the life and culture, and the once. In addition, caves with traces of the parking of preserved traditions of the local population. If recently a primitive people were found in the local rocks. Yakut trip to the Arctic attracted only foreign tourists, then to- rock carvings are made with yellow paint made from day it can be noted that the interest from domestic tour- minerals. They depict animals, people, horsemen with ists has also increased. banners and runic characters. One of these ancient rock Tourism resources of Yakutia annually attract up to carvings with a horseman can be seen on the modern 150 thousand people from all over the world. Over the coat of arms of the republic. past 10 years, the tourist flow has increased by an aver- Another unique place is the Ust- Buotama bison gar- age of 1.5 times. den-a nursery on the bank of the Buotama River, where The growth of the tourism industry in the 2010s was forest bison are raised and they are trying to restore 10-15%(percent) annually, In 2015, 148 thousand Russian their livestock on the territory of Yakutia. These north- tourists and about five thousand foreign tourists visited ern animals once lived in the local taiga, tundra and for- the republic, In 2016, the number of tourists increased est tundra, but became extinct many years ago. And so, to 160 thousand, In 2017, the number of tourists in- in 2006, the first herd of forest bison from Canada was creased by 98%, and in 2019 on 12% brought to Yakutia. The main attractions include: The Buluus- Buluus glacier is a natural monument of 1. pillars - natural monument of Cambrian national significance. The total area of the territory is origin from the List of World Heritage Sites protected by 1105 hectares. A unique source of underground water UNESCO; forms ice sheets of pure fresh water that do not melt 2. Sacred mountains of Kisilyakh- a unique creation even on the hottest days. In some years, the thickness of of nature on the watershed of the Yana and Adycha riv- the ice in July reaches up to 3 meters. ers; The place is quite popular among tourists. The ice 3. Pole of cold in the village of Oymyakon- one of kingdom is a perfect fantasy on a hot summer day among the "Cold Poles" on the planet with temperatures below green grass and tall coniferous trees. And in winter, even -50 °C in January in severe frosts, water outlets appear on the surface of 4. Mammoth routes - paths to places where perma- the blue ice, which spreads over the surface of the ice frost deposits have preserved thousands of unique spec- and freezes. All these permafrost manifestations cause imens of mammoth remains amazement and delight in beauty. 5. Buluus Glacier-ice sheets of pure fresh water, Another of the activities that attract tourists is fish- formed by a unique source of underground water, do not ing. Fishing is carried out both in open water and in win- melt even on the hottest days ter. 6. Bison garden « Ust-Buotama» - forest bison In the Yakutian rivers there are many species of fish nursery at the mouth of the Buotama River with a total of the salmon family-lenok, grayling, taimen, pink area of about 100 hectares, where you can see forest bi- salmon, nelma, omul. There are also fish familiar to the son-an endangered species listed in the International inhabitants of the central part of Russia – pike, Red Book perch,burbot, crucian carp, and of impressive size. The Since our time is limited, I will tell you in detail only territory of the Republic is poorly inhabited, there about a few of the most popular among tourists. are few roads. You can only get to the fishing spots by The Lena Pillars Nature Park is a huge territory with boat or helicopter, and in winter-by snowmobile. They an area of 80 thousand hectares, which stretches for 220 go to the taiga for trophies, and the further they go, the km along the bank of the Lena River. It is located on the better. Fishing in this area is more important than hunt- territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). At the same ing. There are a lot of fish in the rivers located on the time, the Lena pillars occupy only a 40-kilometer coastal territory of Yakutia. And, most importantly, it belongs to line along the right bank of the Lena. In 2017, winter valuable breeds. Fish in these parts is the main type of tours were launched in the "Lena Pillars" in a test mode, income and food, if you add the smell of autumn tundra, according to which 4.5 thousand people visited the the absence of people around for several hundred kilo- park.In 2019, the National Park "Lena Pillars" was visited meters, beautiful calm weather, then the taste of the by 21,098 tourists. To date, the attendance is approxi- dish becomes unique and indescribable. mately 125 people per day. In conclusion, I would like to say that the modern Re- The Lena Pillars have been a UNESCO World Herit- public of Sakha is one of the most dynamically develop- age Site since 2012, and since August 6, 2018, the Lena ing regions of Russia. Yakutia has rich recreational re- Pillars have acquired the status of a national park of Rus- sources and a centuries-old cultural and historical her- sia. itage. Observing the dynamics of the development of 2

www.esa-conference.ru tourism in the world, and taking into account the tour- highly profitable and priority sector of the economy of ism potential of the Russian Federation, we can put for- the Republic of Sakha. ward a hypothesis that tourism can really become a References: 1. . Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)/Federal Agency for Tourism [electronic resource]. URL:https://tourism.gov.ru/regions/?fedokr=105&freg=258 (Accessed: 11.04.2021) 2. Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Tourism in numbers. Tourist flow by types of tourism / / Tourist information exchange system [electronic resource], 2016.URL: https://nbcrs.org/regions/respublika-sakha-ya- kutiya/turistskiy-potok-po-vidam-turizma (Accessed 12.04.2021).