Anatomyguy Brainstem Sections
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Brain Stem Sections Handout 6/8/12 Midbrain Pons Rostral Medulla Middle Rostral Caudal Laurie L. Wellman Ph.D. Sean M. Dawson MD2014 Caudal Theodore Tzavaras MD2015 Caudal Rachel Seaman Eastern Virginia Medical School Dr. Craig Goodmurphy Anatomy Guy Review Review ■ Corticospinal tract Caudal Medulla ■ CN XII nucleus ■ Corticospinal tract Rostral Medulla Decussation of pyrimids ■ ■ Medial longitudinal fasiculus (MLF) ■ Internal arcuate fibers ■ Medullary motor area (MMA) ■ Gracile fasciculus ■ Spinal trigeminal tract Nucleus gracilis ■ Spinal trigeminal nucleus ■ ■ Spinothalamic tract (ALQ) ■ Cuneate fasciculus ■ Medial lemniscus ■ Nucleus cuneatus ■ Spinocuneocerebellar fibers ■ Accessory cuneate nucleus ■ Vestibular complex ■ Dorsal & ventral cochlear nerves ■ Medial lemniscus ■ Dorsal vagal nerve ■ Spinothalamic tract (ALQ) ■ Solitary tract & nucleus ■ Spinocerebellar tract ■ Ambiguous nucleus Descending ANS control Spinal trigeminal tract and ■ ■ ■ Pressor area nucleus (STT/n) ■ Post. Respiratory group ■ Depressor area ■ Lateral aperture ■ Anterior respiratory group ■ Olivocerebellar fibers ■ Inferior olivary nucleus ■ Pericentral grey ■ Olive ■ Central canal ■ Post- olivary fissure ■ Pre- olivary fissure AnatomyGuy.com 1 Brain Stem Sections Handout 6/8/12 Review Review ■ CN VII motor nucleus ■ CN V motor nucleus ■ CN VII axons Caudal Pons Pyramid (Corticospinal) Mid Pons ■ CN VI nucleus ■ ■ CN VI axons ■ Medial longitudinal ■ Pyrimidal system (corticospinal) fasciculus (MLF) ■ MLF & PPRF (lateral gaze center) ■ Pontine motor area (PMA) & median ■ Medial lemniscus pontine reticular formation (MPRF) ■ Trigeminal lemniscus ■ Spinothalamic tract (ALQ) ■ CN V principal sensory ■ Medial lemniscus nucleus ■ Trigeminal lemniscus ■ Spinal trigeminal T/n ■ Spinothalamic tract (ALQ) ■ Superior Olivary nucleus ■ Middle cerebellar ■ 4 th Ventricle ■ Ponto-cerebellar fibers peduncle ■ Trapezoid body ■ CN V axons ■ Central tegmental tract ■ Pontocerebellar fibers ■ Facial colliculus ■ Middle cerebellar peduncle ■ Basilar groove ■ 4 th ventricle ■ Central tegmental tract Review Caudal Midbrain Review ■ Crus cerebri ■ Crus cerebri ■ CN IV nucleus ■ Red nucleus Rostral Midbrain ■ Medial longitudinal fasciculus ■ CN III nucleus Mesencephalic motor area ■ CN III axons aka: PPtN ■ ■ Lateral lemniscus ■ Spinothalamic tract, ■ Inferior colliculus medial and lateral lemnisci ■ Medial & trigeminal lemnisci ■ Superior colliculus ■ Spinothalamic tract (ALQ) ■ Vertical gaze center and ■ Substantia nigra overlapping medial Cerebral aqueduct ■ longitudinal fasiculus (MLF) Peri-aqueductal grey ■ Inter- peduncular fossa ■ Inter- peduncular fossa ■ ■ Decussation of superior ■ Substantia nigra cerebellar peduncle ■ Cerebral aqueduct ■ Ventral tegmental area ■ Peri-aquaductal grey ■ Dorsal & median raphe ■ Enkephalin neurons AnatomyGuy.com 2 Brain Stem Sections Handout 6/8/12 Don’t ü Try to learn everything at once, break it down into manageable pieces. Do ü Build each section up in a way that works for you, either by modality: motor, sensory, etc., or in another manner that works for you. Don’t ü FREAK OUT…you’ll get it all down Do ü Start out easily, e.g. with structures alone, then start integrating a given structures function. AnatomyGuy.com 3 .