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FOOD MANUFACTURE Vol FOOD MANUFACTURE Vol. XXI, No. 1 January I, 1946 1946 The aim is to simplify the production and dis­ tribution and eliminate waste of time and material HE minds of men are mh'iTv perplexed by the involved in the production of an unnecessary potentialities of the era ushered in by this year T variety of patterns and sizes of articles for one and of grace. Strikes, bitter political wrangles, inter­ the samejgpurposc, and to set up standards of national suspicion, the menace of the atomic bomb quality ami dimensions. This applies particularly (the most intricate and exacting problem ever to paper, board, tinplate, timber, and glass. posed to any government) are but a few of the This matter is of considerable interest to British manifestations of the canker poisoning this war- manufacturers, especially those who are contem­ shocked world. plating exporting goods, and to manufacturers The vision of a Utopia lies deeply in the hearts placing orders for new packaging machinery. In of every one of us, but for the moment we must pre-war days some manufacturers reported that, cherish a less ecstatic one of more clothing, more to comply with the new standards being set down, houses, more goods, more rations, more winter it would mean extensive alteration to plant and, warmth -things that not so long ago were taken in some cases, the complete scrapping of machines. as matters of course. Many of the best minds of the world are occu­ pied in seeking a panacea for world sickness, and Future of Milk Manufacture let us hope that Solomon was right when he said : In the multitude of counsellors there is safety.” Allocations of milk to creameries for manufac­ With speed, determination, and faith may the ture into cheese, butter, and processed milk are ex­ New Year see the beginning of a sane synthesis pected to be permanently controlled by the Govern­ with, for mankind, peace and abundance on the ment as a result of the decision to make the Minis­ horizon. try of Food a permanent department. During the year ended September BO last the quantity of milk sold off farms in England and Wa les was 1 ,‘20;> million gallons, of which little Standardisation of Food Containers more than 100 million gallons were used for manu­ The British, Can ..Han, and American Standards facture. Associations are now forming a United Nations Production of manufactured milk products is still Standards Co-ordination Committee with offices in only about one-third of the pre-war quantity, and London and New York for unification of Inter­ it is considered unlikely that any material progress national Standards. At an International Confer­ towards recovery can be made until the milk sup­ ence held in Washington most nations expressed ply is able to keep pace with the liquid demand — their intention of supporting the Committee. a position that is not expected to be reached before Before the war the British and Australian Stan­ the end of 1017. dards Association had done a good deal of pre­ Creameries are expected to continue to function paratory work with regard to the standardisation largely as liquid milk depots for the next few years, of food containers. Their findings, together with and the quantity of milk passing through them cn those of the Anglo-American Packaging Committee, route, to the liquid market has increased by many will form the basis for the United Nations Com­ millions of gallons during the past two years. mittee’s discussion on food containers. A problem that is causing concern is the future THE EDITOR SENDS SEASONAL GREETINGS TO ALL READERS January, 1946 1 Ff I of the cream erie^tlfat have been closed down as re­ due course. Meanwhile, Sussex farmers have g iven dundant during! the war. It is feared that in view an undertaking that they will beiprepErred to grow of the shoi^^^H^ffl^Hj^will not be economic to sufficient beet to warrant the erecBojpi«FaT»ctorv re-open taH^or a few^^^k It is hoped, how­ in their county. Similar proposals IhwieJs^fn made ever, tha^Wie food and agroultural policy issued in regard to another new factory in the West of by the Government will enable the milk manufac­ England, Somerset or Cornwall being suggested as turing industry to avoid a return to the unsatisfac­ the site. Beet from both these areas is at present tory position that existed in the past. transported more than a hundred miles to the U p to 1939 low-priced imports of dairy products nearest factory. The manufactured sugar and also prevented milk manufacturers in this country from the resultant beet pulp have then to be trans­ being able to pay dairy farmers a remunerative ported back to the beet-growing areas. price for milk used in manufacture; consequently the Milk Marketing Board aimed at expanding the liquid market and reducing the manufacturing sup­ Science and Industry plies, particularly for cheese and butter making. That the success of the social programme and The food policy now announced by the Govern­ the speed with which we complete it will be deter­ ment embraces imports as well as home produc­ mined by the parallel programme of industrial re­ tion, and the Minister of Agriculture has stated covery was stressed by the Rt. Hon. Herbert Mor­ that the Government will, where appropriate, con­ rison, M.P., Lord President of the Council, at a sider using the levy-subsidy principle of the Wheat luncheon to the Conference of Industrial Research Act to deal with marketing problems. Associations. Creamery proprietors are hopeful that the Scientists and industrialists will be encouraged Government will introduce such a scheme for milk to note the Government’s intention to do all in its products so as to enable the cheese, butter, and power to support the essential scientific partner­ milk-processing industries in this country to meet ship which would increase industrial strength both overseas competition, pay a fair price for the milk at home and in the markets of the world. In war they use, and thus obtain the raw material essen­ our armed forces looked to our scientists for new tial to expansion. weapons; in peace industries will look to scientists for developments which will speed production, new processes, and materials. There were many problems to be overcome— Beet Sugar problems of manpower, accommodation, equip­ The output of sugar from home-grown beet ment, and the training of research workers. The promises to be substantially greater this season shortage of teachers for this last need was holding than last; in fact, the output is expected to be one up rapid progress, and it would be some time of the best on record. Production during the before a sufficient number of trained scientists 1944-45 season amounted to some 27 per cent, of would be available for this purpose. These prob­ the nation’s total sugar consumption; this season’s lems, continued Mr. Morrison, would have the output may exceed 30 per cent, of the total. Government’s sympathetic attention, but he As in recent years, the area under sugar beet stressed that no definite promises could be given during 1945 has exceeded 400,000 acres, and the that the necessary licences, material, and labour limited capacity of the existing eighteen beet sugar would be immediately forthcoming for repairing factories at present precludes any possibility of in­ and extending laboratories. creasing that acreage. Mr. Morrison’s assurances of the encouragement So far, both the tonnage per acre and the sugar and assistance to be expected from the Government content of the beets are above the average, and the were confirmed by Sir Edward Appleton, K.C.B., total output of home-grown sugar is expected to Secretary of the Department of Scientific and In­ exceed 500,000 tons. The total national sugar re­ dustrial Research. quirements at present are 1,600,000 tons. The war that has just ended has prompted an Factories are slicing beet at a speed well above even greater realisation of the importance of scien­ normal, but even if this rate of slicing be main­ tific research both to industry and the community tained the season will be one of the longest on generally. It must be remembered, however, that record and will not finish until February. in spite of elaborate organisation and laboratories, Before the war the quantity of sugar that the success of a research organisation depends Britain could produce was limited by international primarily on men. A young scientist does not agreement. There is now a strong desire in many thrive if he lives a monastic life, and if men are to quarters to increase the home production of sugar, retain their originality and freshness they must not which the war has shown to be a vital crop. At work in isolation. This means that there must be present shortages of labour and materials prevent the closest contact between one Research Associa­ the construction of further beet sugar factories, tion and another, with the universities, and with but the matter will receive full consideration in other research establishments. In this connexion 2 Food Manufacture the full support of the Department of Scientific bers of the conference considered that the reten­ and Industrial Research was promised. tion of the natural constituents of the wheat grain Pointing out that some people tended to put the are so incomparably preferred to reinforcement cart before the horse, Sir Edward said that unfor­ that they were not prepared to contemplate the tunately to those who had written on the subject adoption of the latter procedure.
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