NIGHT VIPERSVIPERS Pagepage 77 CHAPLAIN’S CORNER Chaplain Henry Mcneal Turner by Chaplain (Lt Col) Floyd White III

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

NIGHT VIPERSVIPERS Pagepage 77 CHAPLAIN’S CORNER Chaplain Henry Mcneal Turner by Chaplain (Lt Col) Floyd White III FEB 2013, VOL. 47, NO. 02 NIGHTNIGHT VIPERSVIPERS PagePage 77 CHAPLAIN’S CORNER Chaplain Henry McNeal Turner By Chaplain (Lt Col) Floyd White III the chief figure to do so in the late FEB 2013, VOL. 47, NO. 02 Today certainly is a great day as we are engaged in a Unit compliance nineteenth century; the movement grew after World War I. FEATURES: Inspection. My thoughts and prayers are with all participants of 177th FW and the Turner was a minister, politician, Pg. 4: Red Tail Angels unit inspection team. and the first southern bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church; he was a February is African American pioneer in Georgia in organizing new con- history month. A time to reflect upon the gregations of the independent black Pg. 6: Financing the Fight outstanding achievements that African denomination after the American Civil Americans have made to our country. War. Born free in South Carolina, Turner Pg. 8: New ANG Leaders The military has many noteworthy African Americans who have made significant learned to read and write and became a Methodist preacher. He joined the AME contributions to our country. Church in St. Louis, Missouri in 1858, where he became a minister; later he had And more... Chaplain Henry McNeal Turner pastorates in Baltimore, Maryland and (February 1, 1834 – May 8, 1915 first Washington, DC. black chaplain in the armed forces). Turner died while visiting Windsor, In 1863 during the American Civil Ontario in 1915. Turner was buried in War, Turner was appointed as the first Atlanta. After his death, W.E.B. Du Bois OVER IGHTIGHT IPERIPER C : N V black chaplain in the United States wrote in “The Crisis” magazine about him: AN F-16C FROM THE 177TH Colored Troops. These troops were FIGHTERIGHTER WINGING AWAITS A NIGHT OF "Turner was the last of his clan, TRAINING MISSIONS. PHOTO ILLUSTRA- regiments of the United states Army mighty men mentally and physically, men TION BY MASTER SGT. ANDREW during the American Civil War that were who started at the bottom and hammered MOSELEY composed of African-American soldiers. their way to the top by sheer brute First recruited in 1863, by the end of the strength, they were the spiritual progeny of Civil War, the men of the 175 regiments of African chieftains, and they built the the USCT constituted approximately one- African church in America." SOCIAL MEDIA tenth of the Union Army. This group of men gained popularity and later became Throughout the inspection the known as the Buffalo Soldiers. Find us on the web! chaplain section will be visiting various Afterwards, he was appointed to the units of our command. And although we Freedman's Bureau in Georgia. He settled www.177thFW.ang.af.mil may not be subject matter experts in your in Macon and was elected to the state legislature in 1868 during Reconstruction. specific fields we would like to provide a Facebook.com/177FW sense of motivation and confidence as you He planted many AME churches in do your work, May God bless the United Georgia after the war. In 1880 he was Twitter.com/177FW States of America and the 177FW. elected as the first southern bishop of the AME Church after a fierce battle within the Youtube.com/177thfighterwing Sources: denomination. Angered by the Democrats' regaining power and instituting Jim Crow “Turner, Henry McNeal,” Encyclopedia Americana, 1920. laws in the late nineteenth century South, “Henry McNeal Turner” by Courtney Vien, Turner began to support black nationalism Documenting the American South and emigration of blacks to Africa. He was This funded newspaper is an authorized monthly 177TH FW EDITORIAL STAFF publication for members of the U.S. Military Services. Col. Kerry M. Gentry, Commander Contents of the Contrail are not necessarily the official 1st Lt. Amanda Batiz, Public Affairs Officer Master Sgt. Andrew Moseley, Public Affairs/Visual Information Manager view of, or endorsed by, the 177th FW, the U.S. Gov- Master Sgt. Shawn Mildren:, Photographer ernment, the Department of Defense or the Depart- Tech. Sgt. Andrew Merlock Jr., Photographer Tech. Sgt. Matt Hecht: Editor, Layout, Photographer, Writer ment of the Air Force. The editorial content is edited, prepared, and provided by the Public Affairs Office of 177FW/PA the 177th Fighter Wing. All photographs are Air Force 400 Langley Road, Egg Harbor Township, NJ 08234-9500 (609) 761-6259; (609) 677-6741 (FAX) photographs unless otherwise indicated. E-mail: [email protected] 1 The Contrail A MESSAGE FROM THE VICE WING COMMANDER One of the newest initiatives in the Air Force is National Guard, ensuring that our workplaces foster an environment of but the total Air professionalism and respect. In an effort to ensure this is Force. happening, the Health and Welfare Inspection was created. The NJANG has embraced this initiative and tasked the Now on to the wings with performing this inspection. On 29 Jan, myself, good stuff. What Col Gentry, Chief Morales, and all of the group truly impressed commanders performed this inspection across the 177FW. us was the amount of items As per the instructions given to us by our senior leadership, we saw from we inspected all government work areas, including deployments, sensitive and secure facilities. This included break rooms, previous military locker rooms, heritage rooms and the like. We were service, from civilian jobs, and family. Most importantly, we directed to exclude places that an individual has a saw a tremendous pride in people’s work area and the reasonable expectation of privacy such as individual desk things they displayed. It was a real challenge to keep to drawers, locked lockers, private automobiles, briefcases our schedule as we toured everyone’s area. I can’t tell you and backpacks. how many times we would see something on a desktop and ask what the story was behind it. The breadth of Directly from the instructions we received from NGB: The experiences of all the members of the 177th was on full purpose of this inspection is to look for, document, and display, and it was an impressive story to hear. remove papers, books, journals, magazines, videos, song- books that would create a hostile or offensive work This is our heritage, and by no means are we asking any- environment to include materials containing lewd, one to remove or hide it. This wing is made up of a diverse pornographic, sexually suggestive or derogatory images, group whose experiences and background make us who words or lyrics. we are. None of us are asking you to sanitize your areas to the point where we can’t display our personal items. This th So, how did we do at the 177 ? As expected, we found an wing, like every military unit, is more than just the sum of its overall professional atmosphere. We did find a few minor parts. What makes us great is how we pull together as a things that we removed, but nothing that could be regarded group and perform at an extremely high level every day, on as particularly noteworthy. The men and women of the every task great and small. 177th Fighter Wing once again proved that they are among the best, most professional airmen not just in the Air What can we take away from this inspection? While we found that the 177th Fighter Wing has shown a high level of professionalism in the workplace, we must remain cognizant of our environment and the effect it has on all who serve here. If you have a question or concern about anything you see displayed in a public area, bring it to the attention of your supervisor. They will work within the chain of command to ensure we are complying with the intent of this initiative…to foster a professional environment for all. By doing this we will continue to foster an environment of dignity and respect for all we serve with. ANTHONY DEVITO Colonel, NJANG Vice Wing Commander Col Kerry M. Gentry, Commander, 177 FW (right) presents Lt. Col. Kyle Lindsay (left), an F-16C pilot with the 119th Fighter Squadron, with the Meritorious Service Medal. The Contrail 2 PA NCO AWARDED Story by Tech. Sgt. Matt Hecht, 177th FW/PA Master Sgt. Andrew Moseley, the 177th Fighter Wing Public Affairs Office PA/VI Manager, spent a good part of 2012 deployed to Southwest Asia. While working with AFCENT staff, Moseley worked as part of the Public Affairs team that developed materials for the Check Six program,. The Check Six program derives its name from an old military phrase that means “watch your back” and also be- cause the math adds up—three plus two plus one. The program emphasizes that during an insider threat or active shooter situation, Airman have three options: escape, barricade or fight back; two possible outcomes, live or die; and one chance to get it right. Moseley was humbled to learn that his efforts were lauded by AFCENT, and his team was awarded the 2012 ACC Public Affairs Award for Communi- cation Excellence. “I spent a great deal of time on my deployment on the Check Six command message video which I shot and edited,” said Moseley. “I also developed the program logo and several posters. I am hon- ored to have been a part of a great Public Affairs team that directly impacted the safety and security of our fellow Airmen.” The Check Six video is now seen by all deployers to the AOR. 3 The Contrail Red Tail Angels The story of the Tuskegee Airmen By Master Sgt. Mark Olsen, 108th Wing PA Prior to World War II, the situation for African-American military aviators was grim.
Recommended publications
  • Finding Aid to the Historymakers ® Video Oral History with Herbert Carter
    Finding Aid to The HistoryMakers ® Video Oral History with Herbert Carter Overview of the Collection Repository: The HistoryMakers®1900 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60616 [email protected] www.thehistorymakers.com Creator: Carter, Herbert, 1919-2012 Title: The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History Interview with Herbert Carter, Dates: March 18, 2007 Bulk Dates: 2007 Physical 4 Betacame SP videocasettes (1:41:00). Description: Abstract: Academic administrator and tuskegee airman Herbert Carter (1919 - 2012 ) flew seventy-seven combat missions with the 99th Fighter Squadron, against the German and Italian Air Force in the Northern Africa, Sicilian Italian and European campaigns of World War II. He received the Chevalier Legion of Honor, France’s highest and most prestigious award for his service during World War II. Carter also served as Associate Dean of Student Services and Administration at Tuskegee University, between 1969 and 1985. Carter was interviewed by The HistoryMakers® on March 18, 2007, in Tuskegee, Alabama. This collection is comprised of the original video footage of the interview. Identification: A2007_097 Language: The interview and records are in English. Biographical Note by The HistoryMakers® Academic administrator and Tuskegee Airman Herbert E. Carter was born on September 27, 1919 in Amory, Mississippi to parents Willie Ann Sykes Carter and George Washington Carter. He graduated from Tuskegee High School in 1941 and George Washington Carter. He graduated from Tuskegee High School in 1941 and went on to join the United States Army in July of 1942 as a member of the 99th pursuit unit, which was one of the units that became known as the Tuskegee Airmen.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuskegee Airmen Chronology Daniel L. Haulman Organizational
    TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY DANIEL L. HAULMAN ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY BRANCH AIR FORCE HISTORICAL RESEARCH AGENCY MAXWELL AFB, AL 36112-6424 14 November 2011 1 TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY Dr. Daniel L. Haulman Chief, Organization History Division Air Force Historical Research Agency Expanded Edition: 30 September 2011 27 June 1939: Congress passed the Civilian Pilot Training Act. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies.) September-October 1939: The Civil Aeronautics Administration received Tuskegee Institute’s application to be a civilian pilot training institution, and after Tuskegee obtained permission to use the Montgomery Airport as a facility, the application was approved. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies) Late February 1940: The Civil Aeronautics Authority approved Tuskegee’s Kennedy Field for Civilian Pilot Training, after improvements to the field, eliminating Tuskegee Institute’s need to use the Montgomery Airport. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies) 25 March 1940: George A. Wiggs arrived in Tuskegee to administer the standard written examination required of all Civilian Pilot Training students. Every student who took the examination passed, surpassing the passing rate of other schools in the South. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies.) 16 September 1940: Congress passed a Selective Service Act which required all the armed services to enlist “Negroes”. On the same day, the War Department announced that the Civil Aeronautics Authority, in cooperation with the U.S. Army, would start the development of “colored personnel” for the aviation service. (Public Law 783, 16 September 1940; War Department Press Release, 16 September 1940; 99th Fighter Squadron summary history in the lineage and honors folder of the 99th Flying Training Squadron at the Air Force Historical Research Agency (AFHRA), Maxwell AFB, AL) Late October 1940: In a press release, President Franklin D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Supervised Undergraduate Student Research Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects and Creative Work Spring 5-2004 Forgotten but not Gone: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen Kristen Alexandra Molt University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj Recommended Citation Molt, Kristen Alexandra, "Forgotten but not Gone: The Story of the Tuskegee Airmen" (2004). Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/774 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Supervised Undergraduate Student Research and Creative Work at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNIVERSITY HONORS PROGR-\.L"I SENIOR PROJECT - APPROVAL Name: 8i~+er\ Mo\+- College: ArK tc ~ence.g Department: \-h %W~ Faculty ~lenror: ~ llilfl~ Lte-M-I:;J 12:c \ PROJECT mLE: ~ ol!:ro '"vI- Vlot C=VI G : :1he S;:-\r:,1" (L -h JY{'E<-4)U. Aiy-W\m I have ~evlewed this complered senior honors thesis with thIs srudenr lnd certify that it is l proje~~ commensurJre with honors level undergrJduare rese:m:h in this tield. Signeti:~~/Jl- ~~~ . Faculty Mentor Dare: -5 / .s/ 0 t ~ I FORGOTTEN BUT NOT GONE: THE STORY OF THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN KRISTEN MOLT SENIOR HONORS THESIS From 1939 to 1945, the sounds of war reverberated through all comers of the world. The world was embroiled in the World War II, a conflict so vast that it defies characterization.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuskegee Airmen Chronology
    TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY DANIEL L. HAULMAN ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY BRANCH AIR FORCE HISTORICAL RESEARCH AGENCY MAXWELL AFB, AL 36112-6424 24 November 2015 1 A TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY INTRODUCTION For decades after World War II, the first black pilots in American military history were relatively unknown. Americans became increasingly aware of the contributions of African Americans to their cultural heritage during and after the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. By the end of the twentieth century, the “Tuskegee Airmen” had become famous in newspaper and magazine articles, books, films, television programs, and museum exhibits. Unfortunately, their story was told not only by historians using primary source documents, but also by others less familiar with history than with legend. A number of false claims circulated, many of them based on an ignorance of the chronological sequence of events that formed the skeleton of the true story. This book is an effort to provide a framework for Tuskegee Airmen history while at the same time revealing their historically significant accomplishments. Having worked at the Air Force Historical Research Agency for more than thirty-two years, I have developed an appreciation for the invaluable collection of documents on Army Air Forces organizations in World War II that is maintained there. Many of the documents describe the most famous Tuskegee Airmen organizations such as the 99th, 100th, 301st, and 302nd Fighter Squadrons that were assigned to the 332nd Fighter Group during World War II, which escorted American B-17 and B-24 bombers over Nazi targets in central Europe, its pilots flying red-tailed P-51 Mustangs.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuskegee Airmen Biography Template
    Tuskegee Biography Template Name of Tuskegee Airmen: _______________________________________________ Focus Area Information Dates Source Born (date and location) Childhood Family School What role this person had as a Tuskegee Airmen Accomplishments (before, during and after Tuskegee) Fun Facts or Other Important Information Died Biography Writing Space: Use the space below to create a short biography, poem, or to write out the oral presentation to go along with your poster or digital presentation. Tuskegee Biographies The biographies below can be used to help students research. It also has a works cited list with additional resources to explore. Brig. General Charles McGee General Charles McGee was born on December 7, 1919 in Cleveland, Ohio. He traveled frequently during his childhood years. His father was a minister and the family moved to the states of Ohio, Florida, West Virginia, and Illinois. Acknowledging the value of education, McGee worked hard to save up enough to enroll at the University of Illinois. While in college, he gained an interest in the armed forces through participation in his university’s Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) program. As the United States’ participation in World War II gradually approached, Charles decided to move to Chanute Field, Illinois, where he heard that the army was planning to train black soldiers as mechanics for the upcoming black flight program. He applied, passed the examination, and was sent to the Tuskegee Army Airfield in Tuskegee, Alabama to begin his flight training. A year after his graduation from flight school in 1943, McGee was appointed to Second Lieutenant and joined the 332nd Fighter Group, better known as the “Red Tails”.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tuskegee Airmen: a Proud Heritage
    The Tuskegee Airmen: A Proud Heritage Interdisciplinary Teacher Guide The Tuskegee Airmen: A Proud Heritage Interdisciplinary Teacher Guide Introduction The purpose of this guide is to enhance the educational content of the Museum of Aviation exhibit The Tuskegee Airmen: A Proud Heritage. The Tuskegee Airmen fought for freedom at home and abroad during World War II. They achieved a remarkable combat record and played a key role in the integration of the armed forces. Their story is one of inspiration for all Americans and offers rich possibilities for educators. Table of Contents Learning Objectives, Tours, and Georgia Performance Standards ................................................. 3 A Brief History of the Tuskegee Airmen ........................................................................................ 4 Overview of the Exhibit The Tuskegee Airmen: A Proud History ............................................... 12 Other World War II Aircraft Types Used by the Tuskegee Airmen............................................. 13 Other World War II Exhibits at the Museum................................................................................ 14 Classroom Activities Glossary ............................................................................................................................ 15 Questions to Discuss ......................................................................................................... 16 P-51 Mustang Coloring Page ...........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Tuskegee Airmen Oral History Project and Oral History in the National Park Service Author(S): J
    The Tuskegee Airmen Oral History Project and Oral History in the National Park Service Author(s): J. Todd Moye Source: The Journal of American History, Vol. 89, No. 2, History and September 11: A Special Issue (Sep., 2002), pp. 580-587 Published by: Organization of American Historians Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3092176 Accessed: 16/02/2010 11:41 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=oah. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Organization of American Historians is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of American History.
    [Show full text]
  • Press Release for Tuskegee's 52Nd Annual Memorial Day Fly-In
    Media Contact Kim Clay, Director of Communications (708) 697-6180 or [email protected] 52nd Annual Memorial Day Fly-In Celebration At Historic Moton Field, Tuskegee, AL Saturday, May 25, 2019 TUSKEGEE, Ala. (May 25, 2019) – Hundreds of aviation enthusiasts, young and old each year flock to Tuskegee’s annual Memorial Day Fly-In at the historic Moton Field Municipal Airport. This year is no exception. Golden Eagle Aviation partners with the City of Tuskegee are bringing the excitement of flying to local residents and surrounding communities. The 52nd Annual Memorial Day Fly-In Celebration takes place on Saturday, May 25th at 1721 General B. O. Davis Jr. Drive in Tuskegee. On hand for visitors will be vintage and homebuilt aircrafts, free airplane rides, food vendors, and tours of the Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site museum. This popular event is a fun way for children and adults to experience the thrill of flight and to learn more about our country’s military and aviation history. Moton Field was the World War II training site of the legendary Tuskegee Airmen. Come and experience the best with family and friends at this spectacular Fly-In! Saturday, May 25, 9 a.m. – 4 p.m. Dr. William (Bill) Winston, owner and CEO of Golden Eagle Aviation and former US Air Force fighter pilot, will be on hand. This year’s Fly-In will be held in honor of former- original Tuskegee Airmen, LT. Colonel Herbert Carter for his twenty-six years of service in the United States Air Force and his contributions to Moton Field.
    [Show full text]
  • May 2020 of Now, Our Season Is Scheduled to Begin in Early August with an Airshow in Owl’S Head, Maine
    CAF RISE ABOVE® Inspiring young people to RISE ABOVE adversity using the lessons and stories of the Tuskegee Airmen and the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP). Our biggest venue nearly every year is the Experimental Aircraft Association’s AirVenture. It is the biggest airshow in America and it happens during late July in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. It is a week-long event and the CAF RISE ABOVE Traveling Exhibit was scheduled to be in the kid’s area called KidVenture again this year. As in the past, there would have been thousands of kids of all ages able Photo courtesy Adam Schallau to visit the exhibit and meet Tuskegee Airmen such as Brig Gen Charles McGee and Lt Col George Hardy. As In This Issue - May 2020 of now, our season is scheduled to begin in early August with an airshow in Owl’s Head, Maine. We are hopeful • Tour schedule at a glance we will be able to tour again during late summer and early autumn. • Greetings from the Ambassador team This is disappointing to say the least, but like the Airmen and WASP, we remain • Volunteer Spotlight • Tuskegee Airmen: Did you undaunted and are working hard, like so many others in these times, to find know out where we can best fulfill the needs of our communities using the CAF RISE • Our mission in action ABOVE story. • Educational resources • Tuskegee Airmen Profiles: To that end, we are currently collaborating on a project with the Schlecty Charles Alfred Anderson Center, a private, nonprofit organization committed to partnering with school • And then there where women! leaders across the country to transform classrooms, schools, and school districts Naomi Bernice Bell into engagement-focused organizations, and the Southern Regional Education • Tuskegee Airmen: Quote of the Board, an organization focused on improving education in 16 states in the south month and southeastern U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Long Range Interpretive Plan: Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site
    Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site Long Range Interpretive Plan October 2003 INTRODUCTION THE PLAN This Long-Range Interpretive Plan sets a direction for the future of interpretation and education at the Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site. For the next five to ten years, the planning, design, and operation of interpretive exhibits, facilities, and programs shall reflect the Long Range Interpretive Plan. It addresses both personal services and media, provides the foundation elements for the Annual Interpretation Plan, and is consistent with Service and site legislation, the Moton Field/Tuskegee Airmen Special Resource Study (1998), and the Report to the U.S. Congress: Proposed Partnership for the Development of the Tuskegee Airmen National Center (2002). The plan should be reviewed annually at the park level. Minor revisions falling within the development requirements set forth in PL 105-355, Section 304(d)(4) [Operation and development of the historic site shall reflect Alternative C, Living History . Subsequent development . shall reflect Alternative D . .] can be made with the review and approval of the Regional Director, Southeast Region. IMPORTANT ASPECTS FOR PARK DEVELOPMENT The Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site truly has developed on a fast track. Going from a concept to a law in near record time, the site is now poised to become a landmark in the interpretation of the American experience. Stepping “back in time” at Moton Field will provide visitors with a more traditional National Park Service experience. Two ideas will move visitors well beyond the traditional. They are: the Tuskegee Airmen Oral History Project and the Tuskegee Airmen National Center.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Tuskegee Airmen
    MOTON FIELD/TUSKEGEE AIRMEN SPECIAL RESOURCE STUDY OCTOBER 1998 SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ATLANTA, GEORGIA Cover: Jim Butcher, The Legacy, Courtesy of the Tuskegee Airmen National Museum, Detroit, Michigan. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF MAPS .......................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................x Study Process .......................................................x Definition of Significance, Suitability, and Feasibility .........................x National Historic Landmarks .......................................... xi Background .......................................................xii Study Recommendations ............................................ xiii National Significance (xiii) Other Findings (xiv) Management Alternatives .............................................xv OVERVIEW: HISTORY OF THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN .........................19 Introduction .......................................................19 I. Setting the Stage: African Americans in the Military .......................22 II. African Americans in Aviation .......................................60 III. The Tuskegee Airmen Experience, 1941-1946 ..........................84 Conclusion .......................................................130 THE RESOURCE: MOTON FIELD .........................................139 Location .........................................................139 Current Land Use
    [Show full text]
  • Finding Aid to the Historymakers® Video Oral History with Herbert Carter
    Finding Aid to The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History with Herbert Carter Finding Aid to The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History with Herbert Carter Overview of the Collection Repository: The HistoryMakers®1900 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60616 [email protected] www.thehistorymakers.com Creator: Herbert Carter Title: The HistoryMakers® Video Oral History Interview with Herbert Carter, Dates: March 18, 2007 Bulk Dates: 2007 Physical Description: 4 Betacam SP videocassettes (1:41:00). Abstract: Academic administrator and tuskegee airman Herbert Carter (1919 - ) flew seventy- seven combat sorties against the German and Italian Air Force in the Northern Africa, Sicilian Italian and European campaigns of World War II with the 99th Fighter Squadron. He received the Chevalier Legion of Honor, France’s highest honor and most prestigious award for his service during World War II. Carter also served as Associate Dean of Student Services and Administration at Tuskegee University between 1969 and 1985. Carter was interviewed by The HistoryMakers® on March 18, 2007, in Tuskegee, Alabama. This collection is comprised of the original video footage of the interview. Identification: A2007_097 Language: The interview and records are in English. Biographical Note by The HistoryMakers® Academic administrator and Tuskegee Airman Herbert E. Carter was born on September 27, 1919 in Amory, Mississippi to parents Willie Ann Sykes Carter and George Washington Carter. He graduated from Tuskegee High School in 1941 and went on to join the United States Army in July of 1942 as a member of the 99th pursuit unit, which was one of the units that became known as the Tuskegee Airmen. While in World War II, he flew seventy-seven combat missions against the German and Italian Air Force in the Northern Africa, Sicilian Italian and European campaigns.
    [Show full text]