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PDF Du Livre Transmission et circulation des savoirs scientifiques et techniques Dominique Barjot (dir.) DOI : 10.4000/books.cths.13553 Éditeur : Éditions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques Année d'édition : 2020 Date de mise en ligne : 22 septembre 2020 Collection : Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques ISBN électronique : 9782735509010 http://books.openedition.org Référence électronique BARJOT, Dominique (dir.). Transmission et circulation des savoirs scientifiques et techniques. Nouvelle édition [en ligne]. Paris : Éditions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 2020 (généré le 10 décembre 2020). Disponible sur Internet : <http://books.openedition.org/cths/13553>. ISBN : 9782735509010. DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/books.cths.13553. Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 10 décembre 2020. © Éditions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 2020 Conditions d’utilisation : http://www.openedition.org/6540 1 À l’ère de Facebook et de Twitter, du débat sur les fake news, la question de la transmission des savoirs et de la connaissance n’a jamais revêtu autant d’importance. À une époque où nous sommes submergés sous le flot des informations, il est de plus en plus difficile d’identifier ce qui constitue un savoir ou un savoir-faire vrai. De récents travaux ont révélé l’importance des sciences du vivant, notamment pour l’essor de l’agriculture, mais aussi de la circulation de l’information scientifique et technique, notamment dans la mesure où celle-ci s’accompagne ou même, parfois, ouvre la voie à des transferts de technologie. Un axe de recherche que les auteurs ici réunis explorent à travers une série d’exemples, depuis la fin du XVIe siècle jusqu’à nos jours. Le Congrès national des sociétés historiques et scientifiques rassemble chaque année universitaires, membres de sociétés savantes et jeunes chercheurs. Ce recueil est issu de travaux présentés lors du 143e Congrès sur le thème « La transmission des savoirs ». DOMINIQUE BARJOT Professeur émérite d’histoire économique contemporaine, Sorbonne Université Lettres, Renmin University of China, membre de l’Académie des sciences d’outre-mer, président du Comité français des sciences historiques 2 SOMMAIRE Introduction Dominique Barjot Transmission et circulation des savoirs scientifiques et techniques : quelles problématiques ? Transmission et circulation des savoirs scientifiques et techniques : des sciences du vivant à l’agriculture De l’information scientifique et technique aux transferts de technologie : un défi pour notre temps In memoriam : Nagwa Abou El Maaty épouse Khalil (1954-2019) Dominique Barjot Transmission et circulation des savoirs scientifiques et techniques : des sciences du vivant à l’agriculture De la médecine à la biologie : un espace privilégié pour la transmission des savoirs et des savoir-faire La transmission du savoir et du savoir-faire chez les apothicaires de Montpellier à la fin du XVIe siècle Élisabeth Manouvrier L’apprentissage et le compagnonnage Évolution de la transmission du savoir médical et pharmaceutique Les médecins parisiens et la diffusion du savoir médical au XVIIIe siècle : des savants pédagogues Isabelle Coquillard Un savoir objet de la formation continue des docteurs régents Orchestrer la circulation des savoirs médicaux dans l’espace du champ médical Contrôler la diffusion du savoir à l’échelle du royaume : la censure royale des livres de médecine Les voyages et lettres de correspondance de John Ray, ou l’émergence des sciences naturelles dans l’Europe du XVIIe siècle Sabine Kraus Les années d’études et d’explorations en Grande-Bretagne : du savoir populaire traditionnel au savoir universitaire Les voyages et correspondances, une géographie de l’histoire Missions des naturalistes Peyssonnel et Desfontaines dans la régence de Tunis au XVIIIe siècle Geneviève Falgas Les conditions de voyage Les collectes La transmission des savoirs Les herbiers artificiels de Marie Fortier : un type méconnu de modèles botaniques Florence Tessier « Herbiers artificiels » et modèles de botanique Plantes artificielles et botaniques Marie Fortier 3 Le réseau français des collaborateurs du Cabinet zoologique de Varsovie pendant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle Piotr Daszkiewicz Origines du Cabinet zoologique de Varsovie Władysław Taczanowski et l’âge d’or du Cabinet Les contributeurs : mécènes, exilés et naturalistes voyageurs Le Cabinet et la France La Maison Verreaux et l’établissement Deyrolle Les naturalistes français Le Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris et le réseau des collaborateurs du Cabinet zoologique de Varsovie L’agriculture : entre assimilation des acquis de la science et transmission des savoir-faire La transmission des savoirs agronomiques vers la fin du XVIIIe siècle d’après les travaux des apprentis savants de la société d’agriculture de Blaison en Anjou Antoine Follain Une expérience décalée, courte, mais spécialement riche Les modèles des thesmophores Les sources des thesmophores De l’importance des relations personnelles Science, art ou pratique ? La place de l’agriculture dans les formes de transmission du savoir au XIXe siècle en France Christiane Cheneaux-Berthelot Du sommet à la base : l’agriculture, un vaste terrain d’étude Des moyens d’enseigner le progrès agricole : de l’initiative privée à une politique nationale La transmission du savoir-faire agricole dans les fermes-écoles créées par la France en Afrique du Nord et en Syrie au début du XXe siècle Nagwa Abou El Maaty Les fermes-écoles d’Algérie : un appui à la colonisation ? La création des fermes-écoles sous le protectorat Bouka à Lattaquié, œuvre des Pères Bénédictins sous le Mandat Raymond Février et la transmission des savoirs agronomiques Sébastien Pivoteau Répondre aux besoins socio-économiques du moment Orienter les politiques agricoles et de recherche agronomique en France, en Europe, dans le bassin méditerranéen et les pays en développement 4 De l’information scientifique et technique aux transferts de technologie : un défi pour notre temps L’information scientifique et technique : quels vecteurs ? De la diagraphie à la numérisation : deux artisans d’une transmission de savoir (Charles- Louis Marle aîné, Louis-Georges Marle) (1829-2017) Anne Marle-Kolle Deux artisans de transmission du savoir Charles-Louis Marle dit Marle aîné Louis-Georges Marle L’implication sociale : le SNE (Syndicat National de l’Édition) Les laboratoires de recherche européens Kodak et la circulation interne du savoir scientifique durant l’entre-deux-guerres Nicolas Le Guern La création des trois principaux laboratoires de recherche d’Eastman Kodak Le savoir scientifique : les rapports de recherche et leur contenu Circulation interne du savoir scientifique Petre (Pierre) Sergescu (1893-1954) : historien des sciences et promoteur de la discipline Alexandre Herlea 2018 : cent vingt-cinq ans depuis la naissance de Petre Sergescu Petre Sergescu : le mathématicien Petre Sergescu : l’historien des sciences Petre Sergescu à Paris : le principal artisan de la collaboration internationale en histoire des sciences après la Seconde Guerre mondiale Autres activités de Petre Sergescu dans les sciences, leur histoire et diffusion Petre Sergescu et la Roumanie Le souvenir laissé par Petre Sergescu Le « moment vulgarisateur français » : enjeux et modalités de la diffusion du savoir scientifique à la Libération Robert Belot Les savants répondent à une volonté de savoir La vulgarisation par les non-savants Le Plan comme vecteur de transmission des connaissances sur l’économie : l’exemple des commissions de modernisation à l’époque des quatre premiers plans (1946-1965) Chunhua Chu Organisation et fonctionnement des commissions La vertu de la participation des groupes sociaux L’action du plan : persuader et informer 5 Importance des transferts de technologie Transmission des savoirs technologiques de la France à la Russie : le cas de l’industrie textile au XIXe siècle Olga Melnichenko Le contexte socio-économique international et les acteurs principaux de transfert des connaissances dans l’industrie textile La transmission des savoirs technologiques de production Théodore Watremez, teinturier de Cambrai Transmission des savoirs dans les constructions industrielles La transmission des savoirs technologiques par les constructeurs de machines textiles modernes L’URSS et le CoCom (Comité de coordination pour le contrôle multilatéral des exportations) : transferts de technologie et guerre froide économique Irina Sheveleva Le modèle d’emprunt des technologies occidentales par l’URSS : l’Occident a-t-il acheté la paix ou plutôt « vendu la corde » ? CoCom : guerre économique ou sanctions économiques ? Transferts de technologie entre l’URSS et la France (1954-1991) Boris Vinogradov Avant le transfert de technologies, laborieux rétablissement de relations commerciales (1950-1966) Débuts et approfondissement du transfert des technologies (1966-1979) Vers la crise du transfert de technologies françaises à destination de l’URSS (1979-1991) Le transfert de savoirs technique et industriel français au Pérou dans les années 1950 et 1960 : l’exemple de la sidérurgie de Chimbote et de la centrale hydroélectrique du Canyon del Pato Getsiva Cayo Durand de Geist La coopération technique franco-péruvienne : un domaine privilégié La construction du Canyon del pato : le rôle de la corporación peruana del santa (CPS) L’usine sidérurgique de Chimbote : « le début de l’ère de l’acier au Pérou » 6 NOTE DE L’ÉDITEUR Les articles de cet ouvrage ont été validés par le comité de lecture
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