DOCSLIB.ORG

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 294 093 CG 020 759 Medical Devices And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 294 093 CG 020 759 Medical Devices And DOCUMENT RESUME ED 294 093 CG 020 759 TITLE Medical Devices and Drug Issues. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, First Session (April 8, 21, and May 4, 1987). INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Energy and Commerce. PUB DATE 87 NOTE 405p.; Serial No. 100-34. Portions contain small/marginally legible print. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Legal/Legislative/Regulatory Materials (090) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC17 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Costs; *Drug Legislation; *Drug Therapy; *Drug Use; *Ethics; Hearings; Technological Advancement IDENTIFIERS Congress 100th; *Medical Devices ABSTRACT The text of three separate Congressional hearings on medical devices and drug issues is presented in this document. The first hearing considers the need for legislation to control potential abuses and illegal diversion of human growth hormone which is produced by using recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology. The second hearing investigates the dramatic and continuing price increases for prescription drugs, particularly whether the reasons cited by the drug industry for these increases have any basis in fact. The third hearing is on the Federal Drug Association's implementation of the Medical Devices Amendments of 1976. Testimony from 33 witnesses, including government regulators, representatives from advocacy groups, victims and their relatives, representatives from industry, and medical experts is presented. Materials submitted for the record are included. (ABL) *****************************************************f***************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** MEDICAL DEVICES AND DRUG ISSUES HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON WEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDREDTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION APRIL 8, 21, AND MAY 4, 1987 Serial No. 100-34 Printed for the use of the Committee on Energy and Commerce U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 77-494 rs WASHINGTON : 1987 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. Congressional Sales Office US. Government Printing Office. Washington, DC 20402 COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE JOHN D. DINGELL,Michigan, Chairman JAMES H, SCHEUER, New York NORMAN Z. LENT, New York HENRY A. WAXMAN, California EDWARD R. MADIGAN, Illinois PHILIP R. SHARP, Indiana CARLOS J. MOORHEAD, California JAMES J. FLORIO, New Jersey MATTHEW J. RINALDO, New Jersey EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts WILLIAM E. DANNEMEYER, California THOMAS A. LUKEN, Ohio BOB WHITTAKER, Kansas DOUG WALGREN, Pennsylvania THOMAS J. TAUKE, Iowa AL SWIFT, Washington DON RITTER, Pennsylvania MICKEY LELAND, Texas DAN COATS, Indiana CARDISS COLLINS, Illinois THOMAS J. BLILEY, JR., Virginia MIKE SYNAR, Oklahoma JACK FIELDS, TeEBS W.J. "BILLY" TAUZIN, Louisiana MICHAEL G. OXLEY, Ohio RON WYDEN, Oregon HOWARD C. NIELSON, 1 tah RALPH M. HALL, Texas MICHAEL BILIRAKIS, Florida DENNIS E. ECKART, Ohio DAN SCHAEFER, Colorado WAYNE DOWDY, Mississippi JOE BARTON, Texas BILL RICHARDSON, New Mexico SONNY CALLAHAN, Alabama JIM eLATTERY, Kansas OF :Y SIKORSKI, Minnesota JOHN BRYANT, Texas JIM BATES, California RICK BOUCHER, Virginia JIM COOPER, Tennessee TERRY L. BRUCE, Illinois WM. MICHAEL KITZMILIXR, Staff Director THOMAS M. RYAN, Chief Counsel PAUL C. Sham, Minority Counseb:1!off Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT HENRY A. WAXMAN, California, Chairman JAMES H. SCHEUER, New York EDWARD R MADIGAN, Illinois DOUG WALGREN, Pennsylvania WILLIAM E DANNEMEYER, California RON WYDEN, Oregon BOB WHITTAKER, Kansas GERRY SIKORSKI, Minnesota THOMAS J. TAUKE, Iowa JIM BATES, California DAN COATS, Indiana TERRY L. BRUCE, Illinoir THOMAS J. BLILEY, JR., Virginia MICKEY LELAND, Texas JACK FIELDS, Texas CARDISS COLLINS, Illinois NORMAN F. LENT, New York RALPH M. HALL, Texas (Ex Officio) WAYNE DOWDY, Mississippi JOHN D. DINGELL, Michigan (Ex Officio) KAREN NELSON, Staff Director PETER EUDETTI, Counsel WILLIAM V. CORR, Counsel ROBERT ADLER, Counsel EDWIN H. ALLEN, Associate Minority Counsel ELLEN RIKER, Minority Staff Associate (H) CONTENTS Page Hearings held on: April 8, 198? 1 April 21, 1987 183 May 4, 1987 331 Testimony of: Benson, James S., Deputy Director, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services 384 Brown, Judity, policy specialist, American Association of Retired Persons 215 Burger, Clayton Lewis and Julia, Baltimore, MD 351 Chadwick, Sheila, Reston, VA 135 Chan, Kwai-Cheung, Group Director, Program Evaluation and Methodolo- gy Division, General Accounting Office 365 Chelinsky, Eleanor, Director, Program Evaluation and Methodology Divi- sion, General Accounting Office 365 Clark, Paul N., president, Pharmaceutical Products Division, Abbott Lab- oratories 291 Cousan, Stephen Carl, public affairs coordinator, Parent Council for Growth Normality 140 Eastman, H.C., Department of Economics, University of Toronto 321 Ferguson, Stephen L., president, CFC, Inc 361 Gordon, Benjamin, staff economist, National Council of Senior Citizens 234 Gower, James M., vice president for marketing, Genetech, Inc 119 Guildroy, Jack, member, National Legislative Council, American Associa- tion of Retired Persons 215 Hutton, William R., executive director, National Council of Senior Citi- zens 234 Jackson, James and Tama Reasoner, Washington, DC 350 Kerr, Robert B., San Gabriel, CA 18 Morrison, James C., Deputy Director, Office of Drug Standards, Depart- ment of Health and Human Services 312 Mossinghoff, Gerald J., president, Pharmaceut.cal Manufacturers Asso- ciation 261 Norris, John A., Deputy Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services 312 O'Neill, Donald E., executive rice president, Warner-Lambert Co 289 Shoff, president, Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, Sterling Drug, Inc 293 Sodeman, Thomas, on behalf of College of American Pathologists 5 Springer, Jeff, Deputy General Counsel, Department of Health and Human Services 312 Taylor, Pam, Millbury, Ohio 348 Taylor, William N., student health center, Washington State University and also on behalf of American College of Sports Medicine 13 Thompson, Tam, University of Texas 3 Thompson, W. Leigh, vice president, Clinical Investigation and Regula- tory Affairs, Lilly Research, Eli Lilly & Co 123 C.' t IV Page Testimony ofContinued Todd, Terry, professor of kinesiology, University of Texas 9 Voy, Robett, United States Olympic Committee 11 Walters, Constance (video presentation) 354 Watson, Douglas G., preside.* Pharmaceuticals Division, CIBA-GEIGY Corp 284 Wolfe, Sidney, director, Pub r...: Citizen Health Research Group 356 Young, James, Sarasota, FL 388 Material submitted for the record by: American Medical Association, statem?nt 147 Ares-Serono, statement 159 Health and the Environment Subcommittee, memorandum to Members of the Subcommittee on Health a 1 the Environment 336 Kansas, University of, Medical Cen er, letters, April 14 and May 6, 1987 to Subcommittee 170 Nordisk-USA, statement 165 Sikorski, Hon. Gerry, a Representative in Congress from the State of Minnesota, statement 391 Virginia, University of, Children's Medical Center, Department of Pediat- rics, lettzrs, April 13 and May 12, 1987 to Chairman Waxman 176 6 MEDICAL DEVICES AND DRUG ISSUES Illicit Diversion and Abuse of Human Growth Hcrmone WEDNESDAY, APRIL 8, 1987 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Washington, DC. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:15 a.m., in room 2218, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Henry A. Waxman (chairman) presiding. Mr. WAXMAN. The meeting of the subcommittee will come to order. Today we will be considering the need for legislation to con- trol potential abuses and illegal diversion of human growth hor- mone. Human growth hormone, produced by using recombinant DNA technology, truly represents a modern scientific miracle. Chil- dren whose bodies do not produce sufficient growth hormone are known as pituitary dwarfes. In the past growth hormone fromca- davers greatly improved the growth-deficient child's prospects of attaining a more nearly normal adult height. Unfortunately, the supply was always limited, and in 1985 these children faceda ca- tastrophe when that natural source of the hormonewas withdrawn after being found to be contaminated with a deadly slow virus. In 1985, the Food & Drug Administration quickly approveda ge- netically engineered human growth hormone which has restored hope to the families of these children. The use of genetic engineer- ing assured these families that the history of shortages would end forever. Unfortunately, as we will hear today, it appears that the poten- tially limitless supply of human growth 1. ormone has brought with it the possibility of serious abuse. A growing number of physicians and public health specialists are concerned about the reported use oc growth hormone by athletes. There is a genuine risk that growth hormones will be soon used to treat obesity, to make tall children taller, to make normal children tall, and to slow the aging process, all without scientific evidence that the drug would be either safeor effective for such uses. Safety and effectiveness are the basic concerns
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Product Insert (PDF)
    Product Information Boldenone Cypionate Item No. 15158 CAS Registry No.: 106505-90-2 O Formal Name: 17β-hydroxy-androsta-1,4-dien-3-one O cyclopentanepropionate MF: C27H38O3 FW: 410.6 H Purity: ≥95% Stability: ≥2 years at -20°C H H Supplied as: A crystalline solid λ O UV/Vis.: max: 244 nm Laboratory Procedures For long term storage, we suggest that boldenone cypionate be stored as supplied at -20°C. It should be stable for at least two years. Boldenone cypionate is supplied as a crystalline solid. A stock solution may be made by dissolving the boldenone cypionate in the solvent of choice. Boldenone cypionate is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, DMSO, and dimethyl formamide, which should be purged with an inert gas. The solubility of boldenone cypionate in these solvents is approximately 15, 5, and 25 mg/ml, respectively. Boldenone cypionate is sparingly soluble in aqueous buffers. For maximum solubility in aqueous buffers, boldenone cypionate should first be dissolved in ethanol and then diluted with the aqueous buffer of choice. Boldenone cypionate has a solubility of approximately 0.3 mg/ml in a 1:2 solution of ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2) using this method. We do not recommend storing the aqueous solution for more than one day. Boldenone is an anabolic androgenic steroid and synthetic derivative of testosterone that was originally developed for veterinary use.1 It can increase nitrogen retention, protein synthesis, and appetite, and also stimulates the release of erythropoietin in the kidneys.1 Boldenone cypionate was synthesized as an ester of boldenone in an attempt to alter boldenone’s very long half-life.2 Anabolic androgenic steroid compounds such as boldenone cypionate have been used illicitly by bodybuilders and other athletes.3 This compound is intended for forensic and research purposes only.
    [Show full text]
  • Androgenic-Anabolic Steroid (Boldenone)
    Genera of l P l r a a n c r t u i c o e J Kalmanovich et al., J Gen Pract 2014, 2:3 Journal of General Practice DOI: 10.4172/2329-9126.1000153 ISSN: 2329-9126 Case Report Open Access Androgenic-Anabolic Steroid (Boldenone) Abuse as a Cause of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Eran Kalmanovich*, Sa'ar Minha, Marina Leitman, Zvi Vered and Alex Blatt Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Aviv University, Israel *Corresponding author: Eran Kalmanovich, Department of Cardiology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel, Tel: +972-50-5191121; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: Feb 27, 2014, Accepted date: Mar 27, 2014, Published date: Apr 3, 2014 Copyright: © 2014 Kalmanovich E, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Case Presentation At admission 1-year follow up A 34-year old, previously healthy male, presented to the ER with EF% 20% 40% worsening dyspnea over a period of three weeks and the appearance of blood tinged sputum. Soon after presentation, the patient was LA diameter (mm) 3.9 3.8 hypoxemic and required mechanical ventilation. Chest X-ray LA area (cm2) 14.0 20 demonstrated bilateral infiltrates and he was admitted to the ICU with the tentative diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. LVEDD (cm) 6.1 5.6 Investigation by PICCO, Suggested the presence of heart failure were LVESD (cm) 5.1 3.3 and the patient was transferred to the ICCU.
    [Show full text]
  • Steroid Abuse by School Age Children
    epartment .D of .S Ju U s t ic U.S. Department of Justice e . n o i Drug Enforcement Administration t a r t is D in Office of Diversion Control r m ug d E t A nforcemen www.dea.gov www.DEAdiversion.usdoj.gov epartment .D of .S Ju U s t ic e . n o i t a r t is D in r m ug d E t A nforcemen Office of Diversion Control www.dea.gov STEROID ABUSE BY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN nce viewed as a problem strictly associated with body builders, Ofitness “buffs,” and professional athletes, abuse of anabolic steroids by school age children has significantly increased over the past decade. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) estimates that more than a half million 8th and 10th grade students are now using these dangerous drugs, and increasing numbers of high school seniors do not believe steroids are risky. Students are acquiring and taking anabolic steroids without any knowledge of the dangers associated with steroid abuse. The short- term adverse physical effects of anabolic steroid abuse are fairly well known. However, the long-term adverse physical effects of anabolic steroid abuse have not been studied, and as such, are not known. In addition, this type of abuse may result in harmful side-effects as well as serious injury and death. The abuser in most cases is unaware of these hidden dangers. Presented as a public service by: This guide will help you understand why steroids are being misused, Drug Enforcement Administration and how you can provide counseling and implement procedures to Office of Diversion Control educate our youth about the dangers of these drugs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ameliorative Effects of Lycopene Against Boldenone Undecylenate Toxicity in Albino Rats
    BENHA VETERINARY MEDICAL JOURNAL, VOL. 35, NO. 2: 237-249, DECEMBER , 2018 BENHA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Ameliorative Effects of Lycopene against Boldenone Undecylenate Toxicity in Albino Rats Sabra H.M., El-Shawarby R.M., Abosalem M., Nabila M. A., Ibrahim S.S. Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. Faculty of Veterinary. Medicine. Benha University. A B S T R A C T Although anabolic androgenic steroids like boldenone (BOL) may increase lean muscle mass, strength, and the ability to train longer and harder, the serious side effects of steroid are many and may not be reversible. So, the present study was designed to investigate the role of lycopene in improving the oxidative stress of boldenone in male albino rats. Twenty eight male adult rats were equally divided into four groups.1st group (control) that received olive oil once a week (5 mg/kg intramuscularly). 2nd group includes rats received lycopene daily (orally, 60mg/kg body weight). 3rd group includes animals that received intramuscular injections of boldenone once a week (5 mg/Kg body weight). 4th group was co-treated with boldenone and lycopene with the same previous doses of both, the experiment extended for 5 weeks. Intramuscular injection of rats with caused significant increase in total weight gain (TWG), serum total protein and globulin, malandialdehyde (MDA), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase (CK), total protein in skeletal muscle, when compared with the control group. On the other hand, a significant decrease in albumin, Albumin/Globulin (A\G) ratio and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in boldenone group when compared with the control group.
    [Show full text]
  • Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (Apeds) Research Report
    Research Report Revised Febrero 2018 Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) Research Report Table of Contents Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) Research Report Introduction What are the different types of APEDs? What is the history of anabolic steroid use? Who uses anabolic steroids? Why are anabolic steroids misused? How are anabolic steroids used? What are the side effects of anabolic steroid misuse? How does anabolic steroid misuse affect behavior? What are the risks of anabolic steroid use in teens? How do anabolic steroids work in the brain? Are anabolic steroids addictive? How are anabolic steroids tested in athletes? What can be done to prevent steroid misuse? What treatments are effective for anabolic steroid misuse? Where can I get further information about steroids? References Page 1 Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) Research Report Esta publicación está disponible para su uso y puede ser reproducida, en su totalidad, sin pedir autorización al NIDA. Se agradece la citación de la fuente, de la siguiente manera: Fuente: Instituto Nacional sobre el Abuso de Drogas; Institutos Nacionales de la Salud; Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos de los Estados Unidos. Introduction Appearance and performance enhancing drugs (APEDs) are most often used by males to improve appearance by building muscle mass or to enhance athletic performance. Although they may directly and indirectly have effects on a user’s mood, they do not produce a euphoric high, which makes APEDs distinct from other drugs such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana. However, users may develop a substance use disorder, defined as continued use despite adverse consequences.
    [Show full text]
  • The Combined Cardiac Effect of the Anabolic Steroid, Nandrolone And
    ù1. v -¿. rlc) 77.- *n*hi.rnool oowol,ù*o ffi"/fu -lo *rn*(o fii'o fio¿o¿¿, /v&"ùún lonno **al cooaiæe';¿vfl"- oã. Benjamin D. Phillis, B.Sc. (Hons) Phatmacology Depattment of Clinical & Experimental Pharmacology Ftome Rd. , Medical School Noth Adelaide Univetsity ADEIAIDE SA 5OOO û.)r.'-*hr/7enveltîù Foremost, I would like to thank my two supervisors for the direction that they have given this ptojecr. To Rod, for his unfailing troubleshooting abiJity and to Jenny fot her advice and ability to add scientific rigour' Many thanks to Michael Adams for his technical assistance and especially fot performing the surgery for the ischaemia-reperfusion projects and for his willingness to work late nights and public holidays. Lastly I would like to thank my v¡ife for her extreme patience during the tumult of the last 5 years. Her love, suppoït, patience and undetstanding have been invaluable in this endeavout. Beniamin D. Phillis Octobet,2005 ADE,I-AIDE ii T*(¿t of Ao,t",tù DECI.ARATION I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS il TABLE OF CONTENTS UI ABBREVIATIONS x ABSTRACT )ilr CÉIAPTER t-l Inttoduction 1-1 1.1 Background 1,-1, 1.2What ate anabolic stetoids? 7-1 1,3 General pharmacology of Anabolic steroids t-2 '1,-2 1.3.1 Genomic effects of anabolic steroids 1.3.2 Non-genomic effects of anabolic steroids 1-3 1.4 Clinical use of AS 1.-4 1.5 Patterns of AS abuse 1.-4 1.5.1 Steroid abuse by athletes 1.-+ 1.5.2 Stetoid abuse by sedentary teenagers r-6 1.5.3 Prevalence of abuse 1-6 1.5.4 Abuse ptevalence in Australia 1.-9 1.6 Cardiotoxicity of anabolic steroids r-9 1.6.1 Reduced cotonary flow 1.-1.1, 1,.6.2 Dtect myocatdial eff ects 1-1 5 1.6.3 Hypertension 1-21 1.7 Difficulties associated with anabolic steroid research 1.-24 1-25 1.8 The polydrug abuse Phenomenon 1.9 The pharmacology of cocaine 1-26 1.10 Pteparations 1-28 1-29 1.11 Metabolism lll 1-30 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Growth Promoter Boldenone Undecylenate on Weaned Male Lambs
    [email protected], http//: www.sciencepub.net Nature and Science, 2009;7(3 ) ISSN1545-0740 Effects of growth promoter Boldenone undecylenate on weaned male lambs Gabr1, Faten, I. Hassan, T.A.1., Abo El-Maaty, Amal M.2 and AOtifa, A.M.A. 1 1Biology of Reproduction Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute ,Giza .2 Animal Reproduction and Al Department, National Research Center . Dokki .Giza, ([email protected]) Abstract This study aimed to observe the effects of an anabolic androgenic synthetic commercial steroid (Boldenone, BOL) on the growth performance of prepubertal male lambs. Lambs were divided into three equal groups (n=4), the first group injected 5mg boldenone, the second group injected 2.5 mg and the third one injected olive oil served as control. All treated groups received 5 injections at three week interval. Blood samples and body weight were taken until the seventh week after last injection. Blood serum total proteins, albumin, urea, total cholesterol and high density lipoproteins (HDL), ALT and AST and creatinine were recorded in addition to some whole blood haemogram parameters. Testosterone, T3 and T4 were assayed. The results indicated a significant increase in body gain in treated groups, total proteins and haemoglonbin with a decrease in urea. An insignificant increase in testosterone was recorded in both treated groups. The study proved that boldenone improved the performance of male lambs and treated lambs reached puberty earlier than control. [Nature and Science. 2009;7(3):61-69]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). Introduction Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) is an official definition for all male sex steroid hormones, their synthetic derivatives and their active metabolites are synthetic derivatives of the male testosterone originally designed for therapeutic uses to provide enhanced anabolic potency with negligible androgenic effects (Clark and Henderson, 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • P53 Expression in Response to Equigan Induced Testicular Injury and Oxidative Stress in Male Rat and the Possible Prophylactic Effect of Star Anise Extracts
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ZENODO Annual Research & Review in Biology 14(1): 1-8, 2017; Article no.ARRB.34318 ISSN: 2347-565X, NLM ID: 101632869 P53 Expression in Response to Equigan Induced Testicular Injury and Oxidative Stress in Male Rat and the Possible Prophylactic Effect of Star Anise Extracts Thanaa A. El-Masry1, Nora H. Al-Shaalan2, Ehab Tousson3*, Kadreya El-Morshedy1,4 and Areej Al-Ghadeer5 1Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. 4Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. 5Department of Pharmaceutical Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/ARRB/2017/34318 Editor(s): (1) Bala Gopalan Unni, Assam Down Town University, Assam, India. (2) George Perry, University of Texas at San Antonio, USA. Reviewers: (1) Ngoc Huynh, Midwestern State University, USA. (2) Alicia García Falgueras, The Official College of Psychologists in Madrid, Spain. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/19846 Received 23rd May 2017 Accepted 15th June 2017 Original Research Article th Published 4 July 2017 ABSTRACT Objectives: Equigan is an anabolic androgenic steroid that developed for veterinary use to improve the food producing animal growth rate through promoting protein synthesis and muscle growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Do You Know... Anabolic Steroids
    Are steroids addictive? One in a series… Yes, they can be. Alcohol Hallucinogens Do You Know... Alcohol, Other Drugs Heroin Addiction to steroids differs from many other drugs and Driving Inhalants in that tolerance to the effects does not develop. Amphetamines Ketamine However, some people who abuse steroids meet Anabolic Steroids criteria for drug dependence in that they LSD Benzodiazepines Generic and trade names: oxymotholone (Anadrol®), · continue to take steroids, even when they experience Methadone ® ® Caffeine methandrostenolone (Dianobol ), stanozolol (Winstrol ), negative physical or emotional effects nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin®), Methamphetamine Cannabis ® · spend large amounts of time and money obtaining testosterone cypionate (Depo-Testosterone ), ® Cocaine Opioids boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise ) and others the drugs Street names: the juice, the white stuff, roids · experience withdrawal symptoms such as mood Ecstasy Rohypnol swings, fatigue, restlessness, depression, loss of GHB Tobacco What are they? appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive and the Many kinds of steroids occur naturally in desire to take more steroids. various hormones and vitamins. Drugs known as “anabolic steroids” are made in What are the long-term effects laboratories and have the same chemical For more information on addiction and mental health issues, structure as the steroids found in the male of taking steroids? or a copy of this brochure, please contact the Centre for sex hormone, testosterone. The muscle- Some of the effects of steroids disappear when drug Addiction and Mental Health’s 24-hour Information Line: ONTARIO TOLL-FREE:1 800 463-6273 building (anabolic) and masculinizing use is stopped, but others are permanent. The effects Anabolic Steroids TORONTO: 416 595-6111 (androgenic) effects of these drugs make of long-term use include: To order multiple copies of this brochure, or other CAMH them appealing to athletes and bodybuilders.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinicopathological Study on the Effect of Bolldenone As Growth Promoting
    Clinicopathological study on the effect of boldenone undecylenate as growth promoting agent in goats Khalid M. Fararh Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University Abstract This study investigated the effects of boldenone undecylenate as an anabolic steroid on the performance and body weight of goats. Goats were divided into three groups in a completely randomized design. Two groups received two different doses of boldenone undecylenate for a period of 6 weeks. The 3rd group was the control. Liver enzymes, (Afp) tumor marker, electrolytes, and body weight were monitored in all goats 2 weeks of the last injection. Body weight was higher (P<0.01) in treated groups than control. Liver function enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT), Afp, sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine did not differ significantly in 0.5 mg/kg treated group, while in 1 mg treated group, activities of ALT and AST were significantly increased (P<0.01). Serum cholesterol and red cell count were significantly high in both treated groups. It was concluded that Boldenone undecylenate in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg could be used for improving the body weight and the physical conditions in goats without any adverse effect on liver or kidney. Abbreviations: AFP, alphafetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase, GGT, gamma glutamyle transferase . Introduction Boldenone undecylenate is an injectable synthetic anabolic steroid derived from testosterone (Blanchard, et al. 1983). Boldenone is highly anabolic, with only low to moderate androgenic potency (Howe and Morello, 1985). Boldenone is an efficient muscle builder, though it is much less apt to produce androgenic side effects (oily skin, 1 acne, hair loss, body/facial hair growth) compared to an androgen such as testosterone (McDonnell, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Anabolic Steroids – a Problem in Popular Sports
    T + K (2002) 69 (3): 136 Anabolic steroids – a problem in popular sports Ulrich Hoffmann Institute of Pharmacology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, D-17487 Greifswald, F.-Loeffler Str. 23 d e-mail : [email protected] Abstract The sportsmen self-administering androgenic-anabolic agents to improve their performance and their body shape continue to be a problem. After the opening of the East European borders a large number of compounds are offered on the black market and in fitness centres. As a consequence students and children practicing no sport use these agents. Most athletes have only a crude pharmacological knowledge regarding these drugs. Their information are derived from their own experience or experiences of other sportsmen. Therefore warnings con- cerning the efficacy and potential dangers of steroid misuse are neglected. Studies suggest that anabolic steroids are now the third most commonly offered drugs behind cannabis and amphetamines. The anabolic black market is a lucrative commercial business and its volume amounts to 70 Mill. €/year approximately. This paper will focus the attention on the common anabolic steroid misconceptions and review the adverse ef- fects and the problems connected with the use of the illicit drugs. 1. Introduction The use of performance enhancing drugs is not limited to elite athletes. Sociocultural stan- dards of beauty for males emphasize strength and muscularity. The broad-shouldered, narrow- hipped male body is idealized in Western media. Weight machines and performance enhanc- ing supplements are widely advertised in health and fitness centers [1]. The number of sportsmen in semi-professional as well as in popular sports self-administering ergogenic pharmacological agents continues to be a problem.
    [Show full text]
  • Anabolic Steroid Use, Misuse and Addiction
    Anabolic Steroid Use, Misuse And Addiction Introduction Anabolic steroids have an important role to play in the treatment of medical conditions. There is, however, an illicit use of anabolic steroids. Today, most athletes, involved in sports activities that require greater strength, take anabolic steroids to increase their weight and strength. These sports include competitive sports like weight lifting, wrestling, and other strength based contests. In addition, people who are obsessed about having a “perfect” physical appearance also misuse anabolic steroids. The number of individuals using anabolic steroids for sports or to improve their looks is growing. This increased use of anabolic steroids is driven by the perception that they may give a person an edge when it comes to sports activities. Unfortunately, many individuals use anabolic steroids without regard for the disastrous impacts it can have on their bodies. Anabolic Steroids And Testosterone: An Overview Anabolic steroids are an androgenic hormone, and is also known by its proper name anabolic-androgen steroids (AAS). Testosterone is a natural anabolic steroid and it is the primary sex hormone in males. In order to understand anabolic steroids, it is important to know how testosterone works. Testosterone is vital for the development of reproductive organs like the prostate and testes. It enhances male sexual features such as increased bone mass, muscles and body hair growth.1 Testosterone also promotes health and overall wellbeing. For example, it helps ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com 1 prevent osteoporosis. Many abnormalities in the body, such as bone loss or frailty, are associated with testosterone deficiency.2 Synthetic anabolic steroids are an artificial form of the male hormone testosterone.
    [Show full text]