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Yorkshire Battles Research Guide

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Introduction This research guide on Yorkshire Battles will give an overview of every battle, siege and naval battle that has been fought in Yorkshire from the Battle of Catraeth in AD 600 up until the Battle of Orgreave during the Miner’s Strike of 1984. This comprehensive guide will then highlight five items from the Leeds Central Library Catalogue from various departments which details the events of each battle. This Research Guide will provide an initial guide for customers and their research into individual or multiple Yorkshire Battles. Stock from Information and Research will be represented with IAR. Battles Included: The Anglo Saxons The English Civil War The Battle of Catraeth - 600 The Siege of Hull - 1642 The Battle of Hatfield Chase - 633 The Battle of Leeds - 1643 The Battle of Whinmoor - 655 The Battle of Seacroft Moor - 1643 The Capture of Wakefield - 1643 The Vikings The Battle of Adwalton Moor - The Battle of Brunaburgh - 937 1643 The Battle of Castleford - 948 The Second Siege of Hull - 1643 The Battle of Fulford - 1066 The Battle of Selby - 1644 The Battle of Stamford Bridge - 1066 The Siege of York - 1644 Local and Family History The Battle of Marston Moor - 1644 The Anarchy The Siege of Pontefract Castle - The Battle of Standard - 1138 1644- 45 Research Guides The Siege of Pontefract - 1648-49 The Scottish War of Independence The Battle of Myton - 1319 The American War of Yorkshire Battles The Battle of Boroughbridge - 1322 Independence The Battle of Byland Moor - 1322 The Battle of Flamborough Head - 1779 Our Research Guides list some of the most useful, interesting The Wars of the Roses and unique items in Local and Family History at Leeds Central The Battle of Bramham Moor - 1406 The First World War The Battle of Heworth - 1453 The Battle of Dogger Bank - 1915 Library. Many other items are listed in our online and card The Battle of Wakefield - 1460 catalogues. The Battle of Ferrybridge - 1461 The Miners’ Strike The Battle of Towton - 1461 The Battle of Orgreave - 1984 Contact us for more information: Visit: www.leeds.gov.uk/localandfamilyhistory Email: [email protected] Tel. (0113) 378 6982 leedslibraries leedslibraries The Battle of Catraeth - 600 The Battle of Winwead/ Whinmoor/ Winwaedfield - The Battle of Catraeth occurred during the Anglo-Saxon invasion of the late 655 Sixth and early Seventh Century. The battle was fought between the Britons, The Battle of Whinmoor, fought near a stream on the outskirts of Leeds, was The Gododdin’s, and the Angles in North Yorkshire, possibly at Caterick. The a victory for Oswiu, the King of Bernicia against Penda, King of Mercia and battle was a disaster for the Britons as they were comprehensively defeated the most powerful person of the time. The battle saw Penda slain and Mercia by the Angles and over three hundred of their Lords were killed. divided leading to the rise of Bernicia and Northumbria. 1. Cessford, C. Yorkshire And The Goddodin Poem, Yorkshire Archaeologi- 1. Clarke, M. A Guide To The Battle Of Whinmoor, 655 AD (Leeds, 1981) cal Society, Vol 68 (Leeds 1995) Classmark: Y 942.81 YOR Classmark: L WHI 942 2. Hurlstone, J. K. The Gododdin: The Oldest Scottish Poem (Edinburgh, 2. Bantoft, A. The Battle Of Winwaedfield, The Barwicker Vol. 1 (Leeds,1986) 1909) Classmark: IAR 891.6 JAC Classmark: L BAR 942 3. Hodgkin, R. H. A History Of The Anglo–Saxons (London, 1952) 3. Prestwich, J. O. King Æthelhere And The Battle Of The Winwaed, The Classmark: IAR 942.01 HOD English Historical Review, Vol 83 (Oxford, 1968) 4. Chadwick, N. K. Celt And Saxon, Studies In The Early British Border Classmark: Periodical 905 HIS (Cambidge, 1963) Classmark: IAR 942.01 CEL 4. Cooke, D. Battlefield Yorkshire, From The Romans To The English Civil 5. Clarke, M. T. Warfare In The Age of Penda, The Anglo Saxon Military In Wars (Barnsley, 2006) Classmark: Y 942.81 COO The Seventh Century (Leeds, 1987) Classmark: LQ SEA 942 5. Gomme, E. E. C. The Anglo–Saxon Chronicle (London, 1909) The Battle of Hatfield Chase - 633 Classmark: IAR 942.01 ANG The Battle of Hatfield Chase was fought on the Northumbrian border in 633. The Battle of Brunaburgh - 937 The forces of Edwin, King of Northumbria, were defeated by those of Cadwal- One of the most important battles in British history, the Battle of Brunaburgh lon, led by the King of Gwynedd allied with Penda, future king of Mercia. The helped to define the separate kingdoms of England, Scotland and Wales. The attack from Cadwallon was the result of the previous invasion by Edwin in battle was fought between Anglo Saxon King’s of Wessex and Mercia, under Gwynedd. Edwin was defeated and killed and his kingdom of Northumbria the leadership of Æthelstan, against the allied Norse, Scots and Strathclyde was separated into Deira and Bernicia. Briton invaders under the leadership of Olaf Guthfrithson, King of Dublin. 1. Gomme, E. E. C. The Anglo–Saxon Chronicle (London, 1909) Æthelstan’s victory effectively gave him control over the whole of England. Classmark: IAR 942.01 ANG 1. Todd, C. S. The Battle Of Brunaburgh: It’s Case, History And Site 2. Clarke, M. T. Warfare In The Age Of Penda, The Anglo Saxon Military In (Hull, 1875) Classmark: Y 942.01 TOD The Seventh Century (Leeds, 1987) Classmark: LQ SEA 942 2.Holderness, T. The Battle Of Brunanburh: An Attempt To Identify The Site 3. Bohn, H. G. William Of Malmesbury's Chronicle Of The Kings Of England (Driffield, 1888) Classmark: Y KIR 942 (London, 1847) Classmark: IAR 942 WIL 3. Gomme, E. E. C. The Anglo–Saxon Chronicle (London, 1909) 4. Snowden, K. Great Battles in Yorkshire, Recounting The Many Battles On Classmark: IAR 942.01 ANG Yorkshire Soil From The Romans To The Civil War (Pickering, 1996) 4. Wood, M. Searching For Brunanburh: The Yorkshire Context Of The ‘Great Classmark: YP 942.81 SNO War’ Of 937, Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, Vol 85 (Leeds, 2013) 5. Leadman, A. D. H. Battles Fought In Yorkshire: Treated Classmark: Y 906 YOR Historically And Topographically (London, 1891) Classmark: Y 355.48 LEA 5. Campbell, A. The Battle Of Brunanburh (London, 1938) Classmark: IAR 829 BAT The Battle of Castleford - 948 The Battle of Stamford Bridge - 1066 King Eadred, leader of the English, was travelling south from Ripon, after The Battle of Stamford Bridge, 25th September 1066, was fought between the burning Ripon Minster, when his army was attacked by Erik Bloodaxe, King English Anglo Saxons and the Norwegian Vikings. The Anglo Saxons were of Northumbria. A great slaughter ensued with most of Eadred’s rearguard under the leadership of King Harold I. The Norwegian Vikings were under the being killed. The Northumbrians were so shocked by the actions of Erik command of Harald Hardrada and Harold I’s own brother, Tostig Godwinson. Bloodaxe that they attempted to disowned him in order to stop any retaliation Despite courageous fighting on both sides The Battle of Stamford Bridge was from King Eadred. an emphatic and bloody victory for Harold as the Viking army and their lead- 1. Gomme, E. E. C. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (London, 1909) ers Harald Hardrada and Tostig were killed during the battle. Classmark: IAR 942.01 ANG 1. Elliot, R. The Battle Of Stamford Bridge (York, 1810) 2. Johnson, S. The History Of Castleford (Castleford, 1861) Classmark: Y 821.7 COL Classmark: Y CAS 942 2. Brooks, F. W. The Battle Of Stamford Bridge (York, 1963) 3. Hall, R. Viking Age York (London, 1994) Classmark: Y YOR 942 Classmark: Y 905 EAS 4. The Vikings In England And In Their Danish Homeland (Kent, 1981) 3. Sturlason, S. Heimskringla: Or The Lives Of The Norse Kings Classmark: Y YOR 942 (Cambridge, 1932) Classmark: IAR 948 STU 5. Chambers, R. W. England Before The Norman Conquest (London, 1928) 4. Magnusson, M. & H. Palsson, King Harald’s Saga, Harald Hardradi Of Nor- way (Aylesbury, 1966) Classmark: IAR 942.022 HAR Classmark: IAR 942.01 CHA 5. Gomme, E. E. C. The Anglo–Saxon Chronicle (London, 1909) The Battle of Fulford - 1066 Classmark: IAR 942.01 ANG The Battle of Fulford was the result of the Invasion of Harald Hardrada, King of Norway, in August 1066. Harald landed in the Tyne and marched to York The Battle of Standard/ Northallerton - 1138 with the disgraced brother of King Harold of England, Tostig Godwinson. The The Battle of Standard was one of the two major battles of the Anarchy Civil Saxon army from Mercia and Northumbria, which controlled York, was under War, 1135-1153, between King Stephen and Empress Matilda. The Scottish the leadership of Earl Edwin and Earl Morcar. Harald’s pincer movement dur- King David invaded the north of England in support of his niece Matilda. With ing the battle proved vital and resulted in the massacre and desertion of the Stephen fighting in the south it was left to local English nobles to amass an Mercian and Northumbrian troops. army to repel the Scots. The English, probably under the leadership of Wil- 1. Sturlason, S. Heimskringla: Or The Lives Of The Norse Kings (Cambridge, liam of Aumale, defeated the numerically superior Scots. Despite the defeat 1932) Classmark: IAR 948 STU the Scots would control the north of England for the next twenty years. 2. Magnusson, M. & H. Palsson, King Harald’s Saga, Harald Hardradi Of Nor- 1. Cobb, T. History Of The Norman Kings Of England (London 1869) Classmark: IAR 942.02 COB way (Aylesbury, 1966) Classmark: IAR 942.022 HAR 2. Anderson, A. O. Scottish Annals From English Chroniclers A.D.
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