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LOW-EXERGY in the BUILT ENVIRONMENT INSIGHTS from the a CTION Analysis and Design of Innovative Systems for Low-Exergy in the Built Environment

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LOW-EXERGY in the BUILT ENVIRONMENT INSIGHTS from the a CTION Analysis and Design of Innovative Systems for Low-Exergy in the Built Environment LOW-EXERGY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT INSIGHTS FROM THE A CTION Analysis and Design of Innovative Systems for Low-Exergy in the Built Environment CHAPTER EDITORS Mia Ala-Juusela, Adriana Angelotti, Christopher Koroneos, Hedzer J. van der Kooi, Angela Simone, Bjarne W.Olesen AUTHORS Masanori Shukuya, Hedzer van der Kooi, Herena Torio, Adriana Angelotti, Dietrich Schmidt, Adam Rybka, Yannick Vande Casteele, Lieselot Christiaen, Elisa Boelman, Poppong Sakulpipatsin, Sabine Jansen, Paola Caputo, Christopher Koroneos , Ioannis Kalemakis, Marco Molinari, Gudni Jóhannesson, Lukas Kranzl, Andreas Mueller, Pekka Tuominen, Bram Entrop, Alberto Lazzarotto, Jo Stefens, Zygmunt Wiercinski , Aldona Skotnicka-Siepsiak, Pier Giorgio Cesaratto, Michele De Carli, Giuseppe Emmi, Toshia Iwamatsu, Hideo Asada , Angela Simone, Mateja Dovjak, Jakub Kolarik, Lisje Schellen, Bjarne Olesen, Aleš Krainer, Jørn Toftum, Wouter van Marken Lichtenbelt, Marcel Loomans, Martin de Wit PROOFREADING/FORMATTING Jo Hoogslag ABOUT COST COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is Europe’s longest-running intergovernmental framework for cooperation in science and technology funding cooperative scientific projects called 'COST Actions'. With a successful history of implementing scientific networking projects for over 40 years, COST offers scientists the opportunity to embark upon bottom-up, multidisciplinary and collaborative networks across all science and technology domains. For more information about COST, please visit www.cost.eu. Support to young researchers As part of its support to cooperation between the participants within an Action, COST supports exchanges and learning for young researchers. Short Term Scientific Missions (STSMs) allow young scientists to visit an institution or laboratory in another COST country to foster collaboration, learn a new technique or to make measurements. “Training Schools” within the context of an Action topic provide dissemination of the Action activities and intensive training in a new emerging subject in one of the laboratories of the Action with unique equipment or know- how. The participants are basically but not exclusively young researchers from across Europe. ABOUT THE ACTION The main objective of the CosteXergy Action was to broadly disseminate new knowledge and practical design-support instruments that can facilitate practical application of the exergy concept to the built environment. In order to achieve this objective, the Action relied on research activities carried out by its members, which focus on investigating and demonstrating how exergy analysis can be used in the development of innovative insights and concepts and to support a wider deployment of low-valued heat and other renewable energy sources. The Action focused on thermal energy in the built environment, mainly at the building and building component level. ESF provides the scientific, COST is supported technical and administrative by the EU Framework Programme secretariat for COST LOW-EXERGY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT INSIGHTS FROM THE ACTION Analysis and Design of Innovative Systems for Low-EXergy in the Built Environment CHAPTER EDITORS Mia Ala-Juusela Adriana Angelotti Christopher Koroneos Hedzer J. van der Kooi Angela Simone Bjarne W.Olesen PROOFREADING/FORMATTING Jo Hoogslag 2014 Edited by: Mia Ala-Juusela, Adriana Angelotti, Christopher Koroneos, Hedzer J. van der Kooi, Angela Simone, Bjarne W.Olesen Final editor: Hedzer van der Kooi Pdf version made available with support of Kees van der Linden and Sabine Jansen (Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architectural Engineering and Technology) Published on the internet by Klimapedia, Building Physics Knowledge Base Foundation Buitenwatersloot 163, 2613TD Delft, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] Book title: LOW-EXERGY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT - INSIGHTS FROM THE COSTeXergy ACTION 2007-2012 Year of publication: 2014 [preliminary edition September 2014] No permission to reproduce or utilise the contents of this book by any means is necessary, other than in the case of images, diagrammes or other material from other copyright holders. In such cases, permission of the copyright holders is required. This book may be cited as: COST Action C24 - Analysis and Design of Innovative Systems for Low- EXergy in the Built Environment Neither the COST Office nor any person acting on its behalf is responsible for the use which might be made of the information contained in this publication. The COST Office is not responsible for the external websites referred to in this publication. This publication is supported by COST ESF provides the scientific, COST is supported technical and administrative by the EU Framework Programme secretariat for COST COSTeXergy book [Preliminary version September 2014] CONTENTS LIST OF AUTHORS PREFACE Elisa Boelman and Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi EXERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY VADEMECUM Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi CHAPTER 1 EXERGY RELATED DEFINITIONS FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT Chapter editor: Mia Ala-Juusela Chapter introduction 1.1 Comfortable high-performance and low-exergy built environment Masanori Shukuya 1.2 Thermodynamic concepts – brief review Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi 1.3 A review on exergy analysis of renewable energy-based climatisation systems for the built environment Herena Torio, Adriana Angelotti, Dietrich Schmidt 1.4 Zero energy building – definitions Adam Rybka, Yannick Vande Casteele, Lieselot Christiaen 1.5 Definition of LowEx Systems for the built environment Elisa Boelman 1.6 Calculation of the Exergy Value of Air in Buildings Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi, Poppong. Sakulpipatsin, Elisa Boelman CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR EXERGY ANALYSIS OF BUILDINGS Chapter editor: Adriana Angelotti Chapter introduction 2.1 Exergy analysis of the demand for heating and cooling Sabine Jansen, Herena Torio 2.2 Excel pre-design tool for exergy analysis of buldings Herena Torio, Dietrich Schmidt 2.3 Benchmarking of low “exergy” buildings Dietrich Schmidt 2.4 Steady versus dynamic exergy analysis of heating and cooling systems Adriana Angelotti, Paola Caputo page i COSTeXergy book [Preliminary version September 2014] CHAPTER 3 EXERGY AS A SUSTAINABILITY INDICATOR Chapter editor: Christopher Koroneos Chapter introduction 3.1 Exergy indicators in the built environment Christopher Koroneos, Ioannis Kalemakis 3.2 The technological aspect of sustainability and its parameters Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi 3.3 An exergetic analysis and potential for improving rational energy use in dwellings Marco Molinari, Gudni A. Jóhannesson 3.4 Do prices for energy carriers reflect their exergy content? Lukas Kranzl, Andreas Mueller, Pekka Tuominen, Elisa Boelman, Marco Molinari, Bram Entrop CHAPTER 4 INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES, CASE STUDIES Chapter editor: Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi Chapter introduction 4.1 Dynamic exergy analysis of ground-coupled heat pumps for residential heating Marco Molinari and Alberto Lazzarotto 4.2 Xperience Parkstad: Campus and energy supply system Jo Stefens and Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi 4.3 Quasi-steady variation of exergy balance of traditional and low- exergy detached houses in heating period Zygmunt Wiercinski, Aldona Skotnicka-Siepsiak 4.4 Optimization strategies and best practice case study Pier Giorgio Cesaratto, Michele De Carli, Giuseppe Emmi page ii COSTeXergy book [Preliminary version September 2014] CHAPTER 5 METHODOLOGIES AND EVALUATION OF HUMAN BODY EXERGY CONSUMPTION Chapter editors: Angela Simone and Bjarne W. Olesen Chapter introduction 5.1 Recent development of human body- body exergy balance model and thermal comfort in buildings Masanori Shukuya , Toshia Iwamatsu, Hideo Asada 5.2 Human body exergy consumption rate and assessed thermal sensation: air and mean radiant temperatures influence. Angela Simone, Mateja Dovjak, Jakub Kolarik, Hideo Asada, Toshiya Iwamatsu, Lisje Schellen, Masanori Shukuya, Bjarne W. Olesen 5.3 The effect of relative humidity on thermal comfort conditions from exergy point of view Mateja Dovjak, Angela Simone, Jakub Kolarik, Hideo Asada, Toshiya Iwamatsu, Lisje Schellen, Masanori Shukuya, Bjarne W. Olesen, Aleš Krainer 5.4 Comparison between conventional and lowex systems from the aspect of individual user, building energy use and various environmental conditions Mateja Dovjak, Hideo Asada, Toshiya Iwamatsu, Masanori Shukuya, Bjarne W. Olesen, Aleš Krainer 5.5 Human thermal comfort in environments with moderately drifting operative temperatures – state of the art Jakub Kolarik, Bjarne W. Olesen and Jørn Toftum 5.6 Thermal sensation, intensity of health related symptoms and office work performance of occupants with possibility of behavioural modification of clothing under exposure to moderate operative temperature ramps Jørn Toftum, Jakub Kolarik and Bjarne W. Olesen 5.7 Differences between young adults and elderly in thermal comfort, productivity and thermal physiology in response to a moderate temperature drift and a steady-state condition Lisje Schellen, Wouter D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, Marcel G.L.C. Loomans, Jørn Toftum and Martin H. de Wit page iii COSTeXergy book [Preliminary version September 2014] page iv COSTeXergy book [Preliminary version September 2014] LIST OF AUTHORS in order of appearance Masanori Shukuya Hedzer Johannes van der Kooi Herena Torio Adriana Angelotti Dietrich Schmidt Adam Rybka Yannick Vande Casteele Lieselot Christiaen Elisa Boelman Poppong Sakulpipatsin Sabine Jansen Paola Caputo Christopher Koroneos Ioannis Kalemakis Marco Molinari Gudni
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