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Studies on Lophiostomataceous Fungi from Xinjiang, China1

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ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Sydowia Jahr/Year: 1994 Band/Volume: 46 Autor(en)/Author(s): Yuan Zi qing, Zhao Zhen yu Artikel/Article: Studies on lophiostomataceous fungi from Xinjiang, China. 162-184 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Studies on lophiostomataceous fungi from Xinjiang, China1 Zi-qing Yuan & Zhen-yu Zhao August 1st Agricultural College, Urumqi, 830052, China Yuan, Z.Q. & Z.Y. Zhao (1994). Studies on lophiostomataceous fungi from Xinjiang, China. - Sydowia 46 (1): 162-184. A floristic investigation was conducted on the lophiostomataceous fungi in Xinjiang, China. Ten species and seven varieties of the genus Lophiostorna, one variety of Lophiotrema and one species of Navicella are treated. Lophiostoma glaciale var. tianshanicum, L. minosporum, L. macrostomum var. exappendicu- latum, L. muriforme, L. quadrinucleatum var. curvatum, Lophiotrema nucula var. heterosporum, and Navicella xinjiangensis are proposed as new taxa. Seven species and four varieties of the genus Lophiostoma are recorded for the first time from China. Keywords: Taxonomy, Lophiostomataceae, Lophiostoma, Platystomum Lo- phiotrema, Navicella. The Lophiostomataceae (Ascomycetes, Pleosporales) is most readily recognized by black, carbonaceous ascomata that have a vertically flattened or ridge-like apex opening by a preformed slit. Comprehensive taxonomic treatments of the family have been published by Chesters & Bell (1970), Holm & Holm (1988) and Barr (1992). Earlier accounts on the family are found in Ellis & Everh. (1892), Munk (1957) and Dennis (1968). The traditional concept of the family Lophiostomataceae is artificial, and several genera, including Navicella, have been moved to other families of different orders (Eriksson, 1981; Barr, 1990). For practical reasons, however, the family is treated here in its original broad sense and the classifications of Holm & Holm (1988) applied to Swedish species is followed. Lophiostomataceous fungi are poorly known in China. Only three species, Lophiostoma compressum (Pers.: Fr.) Ces. & De Not., Navi- cella pileata (Tode: Fr.) Fabre (as Lophiostoma excipuliforme (Fr.) Ces. & De Not.), and Schizostoma pachythele (Berk. & Br.) Sacc, have so far been recorded (Eriksson & Yue, 1988). The present study is part 1 A Fund for Excellent Young University Teachers, State Education Commission, China 162 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at of a program of monographic studies on the mycobiota of the Xinjiang Region (Province) in far northwest China. Materials and methods Descriptions of each species or variety treated in this paper are based on freshly collected material, or on collections preserved in the Herbarium of Mycology, August 1st Agricultural College, Xinjiang (HMAAC), where all specimens are now deposited. The specimens were collected in the Central Tianshan Mountain (CTM) near Urumqi and in West Tianshan Mountain (WTM) near Hazakhstan, about 1400-2300 m above sea level. In addition, few collections were made in the South Zhongger (Jungger) Basin (SZB), a desert area. The Tianshan Mountain runs across the center of Xinjiang, dividing Xinjiang into the northern and southern parts. The mountain has a temperate semiarid climate, with a maximum annual precipitation of 600 mm and with a spruce dominated vegetation in its west and central parts. The Zhongger Basin in northern Xinjiang has an average elevation of 500 m, with a temperate arid climate and an annual precipitation below 200 mm. The vegetation is sparse in this area with Haloxylon, Calligonum, Reaumuria, and Tamarix as the main elements of the vegetation. Microscopic examination of the specimens was performed on squash mounts and thin median sections. Fresh material was mounted in Shear's mounting fluid (Dhingra & Sinclair, 1985) and Melzer's reagent, while the dry material was first rehydrated by soaking it in 5% KOH. Fifty mature ascospores for each species, or 100 for new taxa were measured, and arithmetic means calculated. Descriptive part Only three genera, Lophiostoma, Lophiotrema and Navicella were collected during this survey. The following modified key to these genera is based on that of Holm & Holm (1988). Key to genera of the Lophiostomataceae of Xinjiang 1 Spore septa thickened, lumina lenticular Navicella 1* Not so 2 2 Spores 1-3-septate, hyaline; ascomatal peridium of "Lophio- trema-type* " Lophiotrema 2* Spores 1-pluriseptate or muriform, hyaline to dark brown; asco- matal peridium of "Lophiostoma- type*" Lophiostoma * Fide Holm & Holm (1988), see text for definition. 163 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Lophiostoma Ces. & De Not. (nom. cons.) The genus Lophiostoma was erected by Cesati & De Notaris in 1863 to accommodate several species without typification. Later, Holm (1975) selected L. macrostomum as type of the genus. At one time or the other almost all pyrenocarpous ascomycetes that opened by a slit were included in Lophiostoma (Holm & Holm, 1988). While there is no uniform definition for the genus, we are following the concept proposed by Holm & Holm (1988): "Ascomata immersed-erumpent, generally with a distinct, flattened neck, opening by a slit-like ostiole. Peridium often of the "Lophiostoma-type": peridium not of uniform thickness but broader laterally at base, up to 50 urn, and here composed of several layers parallel, long, prismatic cells. Asci mostly clavate, bitunicate. Pseudoparaphyses branched, with sparse septa. Spores 1-septate, pluriseptate or muriform, hyaline to dark brown, often with terminal appendages, but without mucous sheath. Saprophytic on woody as well as herbaceous plants, including grasses." Key to the species and varieties of Lophiostoma in Xinjiang 1 Spores hyaline 2 1 * Spores brown 5 2 Spores 1-septate, at least whilst still within ascus 3 2* Spores with 3-5 septa, narrowly fusiform L. myriocarpum 3 Spores with terminal appendages 4 3* Spores without terminal appendages L. macrostomum var. exappendiculatum 4 Appendages ca.3-4 urn long, spores 22-32 X 6-7 um L. macrostomum 4* Appendages (4-)6-10 urn long, spores 34-44 x 5-7 um L. glaciate var. tianshanicum 5 Spores with transverse septa only 6 5* Spores also with longitudinal septa 14 6 All or most spores with 3 septa 7 6* Most spores with 5 or more septa 9 7 Spores uniformly 3-septate, subclavate or fusiform.... L. calligoni 7* Spores mostly 3(-5)-septate, ellipsoid to broadly fusiform 8 164 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 8 Spores 18-26 x 7-8 um, straight, mostly ellipsoid L. quadrinucleatum var. triseptatum 8* Spores 28-34 x 8-10 um, curved, mostly broadly fusiform L. quadrinucleatum var. curvatum 9 Spores appendiculate 10 9 * Spores not appendiculate 11 10 Spores mostly with 5 septa L. caulium var. c 10* Spores mostly with 7 septa L. caulium var. d 11 Most spores distinctly caudate L. caudatum 11* Not so 12 12 On herbaceous plants, spores with up to 9 septa L. prominens 12* On woody plants, spores with up to 7 septa 13 13 Spores >25 pm mostly with 7 septa L. macrostomoides 13* Spores <25 urn mostly with 5 septa L. caulium var. e 14 All spores with numerous oblique longitudinal septa L. muriforme 14* Most spores with 1-3 longitudinal septa 15 15 Spores subclavate, yellow to light brown L. curtum 15* Spores ellipsoid or ellipsoid-oblong, brown to deep brown 16 16 Spores 12-18 x 5-6 (-8) urn, mostly with 3 transverse septa, ellipsoid L. minosporum 16* Spores (14-)19.5-28 x 6.3-8 um, mostly with 5 transverse septa, ellipsoid-oblong L. compressum 1. Lophiostoma calligoni B. Kravtz., Collect, of Pap. on Crypt, of Kazakhst. 9: 40. 1961. - Fig. 46. Ascomata scattered to confluent, semi-immersed in decorticated branches, subglobose, 0.3-0.6 mm diam., with a com- pressed neck up to 0.05 mm high; peridium up to 40-60 um thick. - Asci 8-spored, clavate, with a short basal stalk, 90.5-115.5 x 12-14 urn. - Ascospores biseriate or obliquely uniseriate, subclavate, fusiform, deep yellow brown, uniformly 3-septate, slightly constricted at all septa, more distinctly at the middle septum, 16-24 x 6-8 (mean 20 x 7) urn. - Pseudoparaphyses abundant, simple, up to 180 um long and 2 um wide. 165 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Habitat. - On branches of Calligonum leucocladum (Schrenk) Bge., desert brush, alt. 560 m. Material examined. - Xinjiang: Beishawo (SZB), Changji, on Calligonum leucocladum, I.V. 1991, Z.Y. Zhao & Z.Q. Yuan, HMAAC 731 & 732. 2. Lophiostoma caudatum Fabre, Ann. Sei. Nat. Bot., ser. 6, 9: 103. 1879.-Fig. 21. Syn.: Lophiostoma dacryosporum Fabre, Sph. Vaucl.: 103. 1878. Ascomata densely scattered, immersed to semi-immersed, globose, 0.35-0.48 mm diam., with a distinct, crested, but not much compressed neck up to 0.25 mm high; peridium of the typical "Lophiostoma-type" up to 50 urn thick. - Asci 8-spored, clavate, with a short basal stalk, 90-110 X 12 um. - Asc ospo r es biseriate, caudate or subclavate, brown, with 3-5 (mostly 3) transverse septa, basal cell ± caudate, lighter, 18-28 x 6-8 (mean 21 x 7) urn. - Pseudoparaphyses simple, 150x2 urn. Habitat. - On branches of Salix tianschanica Rgl., spruce forest, alt. 2100 m. Material examined.- Xinjiang: Nanshan (CTM), Urumqi, on Salix tianschanica, 4. VII. 1990, Z. Q. Yuan, HMAAC 684. In our collection L. caudatum was found associated with L. compressum and is recognized by its lower and less strongly compressed neck. 3. Lophiostoma caulium (Fr.) Ces. & De Not., Comm. Soc. Critt. Ital. 1:219.1863 Ascomata scattered to densely crowded, immersed to semi-immersed, globose, up to 0.5 (0.6) mm diam., neck compressed, crested, up to 0.25 mm high and 0.2 mm wide.
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    mycological research 111 (2007) 509–547 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi David S. HIBBETTa,*, Manfred BINDERa, Joseph F. BISCHOFFb, Meredith BLACKWELLc, Paul F. CANNONd, Ove E. ERIKSSONe, Sabine HUHNDORFf, Timothy JAMESg, Paul M. KIRKd, Robert LU¨ CKINGf, H. THORSTEN LUMBSCHf, Franc¸ois LUTZONIg, P. Brandon MATHENYa, David J. MCLAUGHLINh, Martha J. POWELLi, Scott REDHEAD j, Conrad L. SCHOCHk, Joseph W. SPATAFORAk, Joost A. STALPERSl, Rytas VILGALYSg, M. Catherine AIMEm, Andre´ APTROOTn, Robert BAUERo, Dominik BEGEROWp, Gerald L. BENNYq, Lisa A. CASTLEBURYm, Pedro W. CROUSl, Yu-Cheng DAIr, Walter GAMSl, David M. GEISERs, Gareth W. GRIFFITHt,Ce´cile GUEIDANg, David L. HAWKSWORTHu, Geir HESTMARKv, Kentaro HOSAKAw, Richard A. HUMBERx, Kevin D. HYDEy, Joseph E. IRONSIDEt, Urmas KO˜ LJALGz, Cletus P. KURTZMANaa, Karl-Henrik LARSSONab, Robert LICHTWARDTac, Joyce LONGCOREad, Jolanta MIA˛ DLIKOWSKAg, Andrew MILLERae, Jean-Marc MONCALVOaf, Sharon MOZLEY-STANDRIDGEag, Franz OBERWINKLERo, Erast PARMASTOah, Vale´rie REEBg, Jack D. ROGERSai, Claude ROUXaj, Leif RYVARDENak, Jose´ Paulo SAMPAIOal, Arthur SCHU¨ ßLERam, Junta SUGIYAMAan, R. Greg THORNao, Leif TIBELLap, Wendy A. UNTEREINERaq, Christopher WALKERar, Zheng WANGa, Alex WEIRas, Michael WEISSo, Merlin M. WHITEat, Katarina WINKAe, Yi-Jian YAOau, Ning ZHANGav aBiology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA bNational Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information,
  • Morphology and Phylogeny of Mycopepon

    Morphology and Phylogeny of Mycopepon

    Mycosphere 9(4): 779–789 (2018) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/9/4/6 Copyright © Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Morphology and phylogeny of Mycopepon Liu LL1,2, Long QD1,3, Kang JC4, Zhang X1,3, Hyde KD5, Shen XC1,3* and Li QR1,3* 1 State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, People’s Republic of China 2 Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province/ Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, People’s Republic of China 3 The Key Lab of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou 550025, People’s Republic of China 4 The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, 3Guizhou University Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China 5 Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand Liu LL, Long QD, Kang JC, Zhang X, Hyde KD, Shen XC, Li QR 2018 – Morphology, and phylogeny of Mycopepon. Mycosphere 9(4), 779–789, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/9/4/6 Abstract Two species similar to Mycopepon were found on bamboo in Guizhou Province, China. These species are introduced as the new species Mycopepon bambusae M. fusoidisporus, based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of LSU and SSU sequences data in this paper. Descriptions and illustrations for both species are provided. Mycopepon smithii var. mexicanum is raised to specific rank as M.
  • An Evaluation of the Monophyly of Massarina Based on Ribosomal DNA Sequences

    An Evaluation of the Monophyly of Massarina Based on Ribosomal DNA Sequences

    ~\.l~rolo,~~,94(5), 2002, pp 803-813 O 2002 b\ The M\cological Socieh of Ame~ica,La~rence, KS 660448895 An evaluation of the monophyly of Massarina based on ribosomal DNA sequences Edward C. Y. Liew cies were included in Massam'na, the first being Mas- Centre for Research in Fungal Diversity, Department of sam'na eburnea (Tul. & C. Tul.) Sacc., but a type was Ecology & Biodiversity, The CTniversityof Hong Kong, not indicated, nor was the genus placed in a family. Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, PR China Massam'na eburnea was later selected as lectotype of Andre Aptroot this genus by Clements and Shear (1957) and was Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P 0. Box redescribed and illustrated by Hyde (1995a). 85167, NL-3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlnnds A new family, the Massarinaceae Munk, was intro- Kevin D. Hydel duced by Munk (1956) to accommodate Massam'na. This family was accepted by various authors (Eriksson Centle for Research zn Fungal Dzverszty, Department of Ecolqg & Bzodzversztj, The Unzverszty of Hong Kong 1981, 1982, Eriksson and Hawksworth 1985). Bose Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, PR Chzna (1961), in his review of Massam'na, noted that doubts had previously been expressed several times about whether the introduction of a new family was justified Abstract: The monophyletic status of the genus (Holm et a1 1957, Scheinpflug 1958).He subsequent- Massam'na was evaluated on the basis of phylogenetic ly placed Massam'na in the existing Pleosporaceae, analysis of the partial small subunit gene (SSU), in- due to the lack of distinctive characters distinguish- ternal transcribed spacers (ITS 1 & 2), and 5.8s gene ing the two families.