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Investigation of Stratification in the Vaal Dam Using Electrical Conductivity Profiling
Investigation of Stratification in the Vaal Dam using Electrical Conductivity Profiling Reveck Hariram*, Nicolene Van der Walt** Rand Water, Scientific Services Division, P.O. Box 1127, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected]; Tel: +2711 682 0479/0735 ABSTRACT water to more than 11 million people in South Africa. Purifying it and selling it to various Municipalities, mines and industries. The Vaal Dam is continuously monitored to provide an early warning of changes to water quality so that the configuration of the water treatment plant can be adapted to ensure only the best quality water is supplied to our customers. er quality by sampling bi-monthly at four strategically located sampling sites. The two major tributaries entering the Vaal Dam are monitored, namely the Wilge and Vaal River respectively. Furthermore, the water quality at the confluence of these tributaries is also monitored together with the most essential It has been found that the electrical conductivity in the Vaal Dam has been relatively consistent over the years (2003 to 2014) with an average of 25 mS/m. The salinity of the Vaal Dam is greatly influenced by the water quality of the two major tributaries (Wilge and Vaal) and the source water from Lesotho (via Lesotho Highlands Water Scheme) that feeds into the Wilge tributary. The purpose of this study was to investigate and verify if any stratification occurs in the Vaal Dam as previous studies indicated no stratification. In 2014, a new monitoring tool was utilized called the CastAway- CTD. The instrument can be lowered into a river or dam capturing data such as GPS position, conductivity and depth along the vertical profile. -
The Search for Cryptosporidium Oocysts and Giardia Cysts in Source Water Used for Purification
The search for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in source water used for purification M Grundlingh* and CME de Wet Rand Water, Microbiology Laboratory, Scientific Services, PO Box 3526, Vereeniging 1930, South Africa Abstract Cryptosporidium and Giardia are intestinal parasites which cause a self limiting gastro-enteritis, in healthy people but severe and often fatal disease in immuno-compromised individuals. Both organisms are characterised by the ability to survive in an aquatic environment with Cryptosporidium having a high tolerance to most of the drinking water disinfectants. The absence of bacteria associated with feacal pollution does not necessarily indicate the absence of Cryptosporidium or Giardia. Being a common cause of waterborne disease, the requirement for detecting the presence of these organisms in environmental and treated water samples is growing. Although cysts and oocysts can be found in natural waters from any source, the risks of contamination are much greater in surface waters than in ground waters. A number of waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis, from potable and recreational water have been recorded. In many cases these outbreaks have occurred from water that complies to current microbiology standards. Introduction finished waters during the treatment process, which may result in additional interference. Organisms and debris that autofluoresce or The potential occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia demonstrate non-specific fluorescence, such as algal and yeast cysts in water supplies is a significant issue for the water industry cells, when examined by epifluorescent microscopy, may interfere since outbreaks have been reported in Milwaukee, New Jersey, with the detection of oocysts and cysts and contribute to false North West (UK) and more recently in Sydney, Australia. -
Heritage Report-Paul Roux
Phase 1 Heritage Impact Assessment for proposed new 1.5 km-long underground sewerage pipeline in Paul Roux, Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality, Free State Province. Report prepared by Paleo Field Services PO Box 38806, Langenhovenpark 9330 16 / 02 / 2020 Summary A heritage impact assessment was carried for a proposed new 1.5 km-long underground sewerage pipeline in Paul Roux in the Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality, Free State Province. The study area is situated on the farm Farm Mary Ann 712, next to the N5 national road covering a section of the Sand River floodplain which is located on the eastern outskirts of Paul Roux . The proposed footprint is underlain by well-developed alluvial and geologically recent overbank sediments of the Sand River. Investigation of exposed alluvial cuttings next to the bridge crossing shows little evidence of intact Quaternary fossil remains. Potentially fossil-bearing Tarkastad Subgroup and younger Molteno Formation strata are exposed to the southwest of the study area. These outcrops will not be impacted by the proposed development. There are no major palaeontological grounds to suspend the proposed development. The study area consists for the most part of open grassland currently used for cattle grazing. The foot survey revealed little evidence of in situ Stone Age archaeological material, capped or distributed as surface scatters on the landscape. There are also no indications of rock art, prehistoric structures or other historical structures or buildings older than 60 years within the vicinity of the study area. A large cemetery is located directly west of the proposed footprint. The modern bridge construction at the Sand River crossing is not considered to be of historical significance. -
Feasibility Study of Botterkloof and Merino II Hydropower Sites
Feasibility Study of Botterkloof and Merino II Hydropower Sites Presented By BJ Rochecouste Collet W: aurecongroup.com E: [email protected] T: +27 12 427 3144 History & Treaty Lesotho Highlands Water Project delivers water from the Mountains of Lesotho to South Africa by means of dams and tunnels constructed which discharges in the Ash River, near Clarens, Free State Province. Several phases were envisaged. A Treaty between the two governments was signed to ensure the delivery of an average flow of 24.5 m3/s (based on an annual volume) which is applicable to Phase 1 (1A and 1B). New Treaty for Phase 2 states that delivery of (additional) water from Phase 2 would be “on-demand” based on the volume required to compensate the yield of the Vaal catchment (including existing transfers). Scope of Services Aurecon Scope of Services Include: •The Environmental studies; •The Geotechnical Investigation; •The assistance for the WUL application ; •The Interconnections studies; •The Technical Feasibility Study; •Necessary assistance in the bid submission to the DoE for the REIPP programme; •The Detailed Design, Project Management & Construction Supervision. Ash River Reserve Flow (Minimum Maintenance Low Flow): 50 l/s. Phase 1 (A & B) annual flowrate: 24.5 m3/s. Flows into the Liebensbergvlei, then into the Wilge River and thereafter into the Vaal River. Serious erosion problems which lead to construction of several structures to reduce the flow velocity and minimise erosion. Hydrology & Future Flows Year Increase in Yield from Total Mean Annual Flow Phase 2 (m3/s) (m3/s) 2012 - 24.5 2014 - 24.5 2020 5.0 29.5 2025 5.0 29.5 2026 5.2 29.7 2030 6.8 31.3 2034 8.5 33.0 2038 10.1 34.6 Hydrology & Future Flows (Cont.) Botterkloof/Stortemelk Site Project Location The Stortemelk Site is located approximately 1.6 km downstream of the Ash River Outfall at the existing Boston A Dam. -
Archaeological and Cultural Historic Assessment of the New Borrow Pits on the N5 Road Between Senekal & Paul Roux, Free State
14 October 2005 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL HISTORIC ASSESSMENT OF THE NEW BORROW PITS ON THE N5 ROAD BETWEEN SENEKAL & PAUL ROUX, FREE STATE INVESTIGATION Two new borrow pits on the N5 road between Senekal and Paul Roux, Free State, was inspected on 7 October 2005 in the company of Dr Johan du Preez of Cebo Environmental Consultants, Bloemfontein. The land was examined for possible archaeological and historical material and to establish the potential impact on any cultural material that might be found. The Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) is done in terms of the National Heritage Resources Act (NHRA), (25 of 1999) and under the Environmental Conservation Act, (73 of 1989). LOCALITY The proposed developments are located at the farms Oriel 1220 (Map 1) and Zyferfontein 246 (Map 2) outside Senekal respectively. The farm Oriel 1220 is located on the north side of the Sand River to the west of the town (Map 1). The farm is reached via the old Ventersburg road across the Hattingh Bridge on the old way to Steynsrust (2827BC). The proposed new borrow pit will be near the Sand River on the southern border of the farm (Fig.1). GPS co-ordinates are given in Cape scale: 2 BP 11 ORIEL 1220 SENEKAL 28°18’51”S. 027°35’59”E. Altitude 1428m. Surface grass-cover (Figs.3&4). Later Stone Age flakes and scrapers surface (Figs.5&6). Petrified wood fragments (Dadoxylon fossils) (Fig.7). Stone walling on top of hill (28°18’48”S 027°36’04”E Altitude 1433m) (Fig.8). Old road along the hill (Fig.4). -
ELECTION UPDATE 2006 SOUTH AFRICA Number 2 30 March 2006
ELECTION UPDATE 2006 SOUTH AFRICA Number 2 30 March 2006 contents LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTION DAY Limpopo 1 Northern Cape 4 Western Cape 12 North West Province 16 Mpumalanga 19 KwaZulu-Natal 22 Eastern Cape 28 Gauteng 30 Free State 35 EISA Editorial Team Jackie Kalley, Khabele Matlosa, Denis Kadima Published with the assistance of the OPEN SOCIETY FOUNDATION – SOUTH AFRICA LIMPOPO area along the Lepelle River, manager in Limpopo, the electoral staff together with biggest problem in the Kholofelo Mashabela their electoral equipment had province was getting the University of Limpopo to cross the river using a senior IEC officials to the traditional form of cable car polling stations for Polling Stations called segwaigwai. In the monitoring purposes, but the Giyani area, only 100 people voting stations were not All 2175 voting districts in in one community cast their affected as the electoral Limpopo were operational votes because the voters had officers and electorate on the day of the local to cross a running river to get mainly lived in the areas government elections, 1 to the voting stations. where the polling stations March 2006. Thanks to the Furthermore, in other areas were located. An additional favourable weather, most of Giyani voters had to be was experienced in obtaining polling stations opened on transported in trucks to get confirmation from the time. However, in the far- them across waterlogged presiding officers at the flung rural areas of the areas to the voting stations. stations. It had been arranged province, a week of heavy that at 07h00 when the rains put the election process According to Mrs N C stations opened, all voting under pressure. -
Head Office Free State Region
PROVICES SUBURB OFFICE_TYPE TOWN HEAD OFFICE Pretoria Pretoria Head Office Pretoria FREE STATE REGION PROVICES SUBURB OFFICE_TYPE TOWN Free State Sasolburg District Office Sasolburg Free State Sasolburg Local Office Sasolburg Free State Hoopstad Service Point Hoopstad Free State Virginia Service Point Virginia Free State Dewetsdorp Service Point Dewetsdorp Free State Odendaalsrusrus Service Point Odendaalsrus Free State Phillippolis Service Point Phillippolis Free State Petrusburg Service Point Petrusburg Free State Senekal Local Office Senekal Free State Wesselsbron Service Point Wesselsbron Free State Virginia Service Point Virginia Free State De Brug Service Point De Brug Free State Edenburg Service Point Edenburg Free State Ventersburg Service Point Ventersburg Free State Kroonstad Local Office Kroonstad Free State Brandfort Service Point Brandfort Free State Jagersfontein Local Office Jagersfontein Free State Smithfield Service Point Smithfield Free State Wepener Service Point Wepener Free State Bloemfontein District Office Bloemfontein Free State Mangaung Service Point Bloemfontein Free State Heilbron Service Point Heilbron Free State Boshoff Service Point Boshoff Free State Trompsburg Local Office Trompsburg Free State Reddersburg Service Point Reddersburg Free State Rouxville Service Point Rouxville Free State Tweeling Service Point Tweeling Free State Verkeerdevlei Service Point Verkeerdevlei Free State Bothaville Service Point Bothaville Free State Oppermansgronde Service Point Oppermansgronde Free State Bloemfontein Regional -
Review of Existing Infrastructure in the Orange River Catchment
Study Name: Orange River Integrated Water Resources Management Plan Report Title: Review of Existing Infrastructure in the Orange River Catchment Submitted By: WRP Consulting Engineers, Jeffares and Green, Sechaba Consulting, WCE Pty Ltd, Water Surveys Botswana (Pty) Ltd Authors: A Jeleni, H Mare Date of Issue: November 2007 Distribution: Botswana: DWA: 2 copies (Katai, Setloboko) Lesotho: Commissioner of Water: 2 copies (Ramosoeu, Nthathakane) Namibia: MAWRD: 2 copies (Amakali) South Africa: DWAF: 2 copies (Pyke, van Niekerk) GTZ: 2 copies (Vogel, Mpho) Reports: Review of Existing Infrastructure in the Orange River Catchment Review of Surface Hydrology in the Orange River Catchment Flood Management Evaluation of the Orange River Review of Groundwater Resources in the Orange River Catchment Environmental Considerations Pertaining to the Orange River Summary of Water Requirements from the Orange River Water Quality in the Orange River Demographic and Economic Activity in the four Orange Basin States Current Analytical Methods and Technical Capacity of the four Orange Basin States Institutional Structures in the four Orange Basin States Legislation and Legal Issues Surrounding the Orange River Catchment Summary Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Objective of the study ................................................................................................ -
Directory of Organisations and Resources for People with Disabilities in South Africa
DISABILITY ALL SORTS A DIRECTORY OF ORGANISATIONS AND RESOURCES FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA University of South Africa CONTENTS FOREWORD ADVOCACY — ALL DISABILITIES ADVOCACY — DISABILITY-SPECIFIC ACCOMMODATION (SUGGESTIONS FOR WORK AND EDUCATION) AIRLINES THAT ACCOMMODATE WHEELCHAIRS ARTS ASSISTANCE AND THERAPY DOGS ASSISTIVE DEVICES FOR HIRE ASSISTIVE DEVICES FOR PURCHASE ASSISTIVE DEVICES — MAIL ORDER ASSISTIVE DEVICES — REPAIRS ASSISTIVE DEVICES — RESOURCE AND INFORMATION CENTRE BACK SUPPORT BOOKS, DISABILITY GUIDES AND INFORMATION RESOURCES BRAILLE AND AUDIO PRODUCTION BREATHING SUPPORT BUILDING OF RAMPS BURSARIES CAREGIVERS AND NURSES CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — EASTERN CAPE CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — FREE STATE CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — GAUTENG CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — KWAZULU-NATAL CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — LIMPOPO CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — MPUMALANGA CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — NORTHERN CAPE CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — NORTH WEST CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — WESTERN CAPE CHARITY/GIFT SHOPS COMMUNITY SERVICE ORGANISATIONS COMPENSATION FOR WORKPLACE INJURIES COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES CONVERSION OF VEHICLES COUNSELLING CRÈCHES DAY CARE CENTRES — EASTERN CAPE DAY CARE CENTRES — FREE STATE 1 DAY CARE CENTRES — GAUTENG DAY CARE CENTRES — KWAZULU-NATAL DAY CARE CENTRES — LIMPOPO DAY CARE CENTRES — MPUMALANGA DAY CARE CENTRES — WESTERN CAPE DISABILITY EQUITY CONSULTANTS DISABILITY MAGAZINES AND NEWSLETTERS DISABILITY MANAGEMENT DISABILITY SENSITISATION PROJECTS DISABILITY STUDIES DRIVING SCHOOLS E-LEARNING END-OF-LIFE DETERMINATION ENTREPRENEURIAL -
South Africa)
FREE STATE PROFILE (South Africa) Lochner Marais University of the Free State Bloemfontein, SA OECD Roundtable on Higher Education in Regional and City Development, 16 September 2010 [email protected] 1 Map 4.7: Areas with development potential in the Free State, 2006 Mining SASOLBURG Location PARYS DENEYSVILLE ORANJEVILLE VREDEFORT VILLIERS FREE STATE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT VILJOENSKROON KOPPIES CORNELIA HEILBRON FRANKFORT BOTHAVILLE Legend VREDE Towns EDENVILLE TWEELING Limited Combined Potential KROONSTAD Int PETRUS STEYN MEMEL ALLANRIDGE REITZ Below Average Combined Potential HOOPSTAD WESSELSBRON WARDEN ODENDAALSRUS Agric LINDLEY STEYNSRUST Above Average Combined Potential WELKOM HENNENMAN ARLINGTON VENTERSBURG HERTZOGVILLE VIRGINIA High Combined Potential BETHLEHEM Local municipality BULTFONTEIN HARRISMITH THEUNISSEN PAUL ROUX KESTELL SENEKAL PovertyLimited Combined Potential WINBURG ROSENDAL CLARENS PHUTHADITJHABA BOSHOF Below Average Combined Potential FOURIESBURG DEALESVILLE BRANDFORT MARQUARD nodeAbove Average Combined Potential SOUTPAN VERKEERDEVLEI FICKSBURG High Combined Potential CLOCOLAN EXCELSIOR JACOBSDAL PETRUSBURG BLOEMFONTEIN THABA NCHU LADYBRAND LOCALITY PLAN TWEESPRUIT Economic BOTSHABELO THABA PATSHOA KOFFIEFONTEIN OPPERMANSDORP Power HOBHOUSE DEWETSDORP REDDERSBURG EDENBURG WEPENER LUCKHOFF FAURESMITH houses JAGERSFONTEIN VAN STADENSRUST TROMPSBURG SMITHFIELD DEPARTMENT LOCAL GOVERNMENT & HOUSING PHILIPPOLIS SPRINGFONTEIN Arid SPATIAL PLANNING DIRECTORATE ZASTRON SPATIAL INFORMATION SERVICES ROUXVILLE BETHULIE -
Labeo Capensis (Orange River Mudfish) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
Orange River Mudfish (Labeo capensis) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 2014 Revised, May and July 2019 Web Version, 9/19/2019 Image: G. A. Boulenger. Public domain. Available: https://archive.org/stream/catalogueoffres01brit/catalogueoffres01brit. (July 2019). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2019): “Africa: within the drainage basin of the Orange-Vaal River system [located in Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa] to which it is possibly restricted. Hitherto thought to occur in the Limpopo system and in southern Cape watersheds [South Africa] which records may be erroneous.” From Barkhuizen et al. (2017): “Native: Lesotho; Namibia; South Africa (Eastern Cape Province - Introduced, Free State, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape Province, North-West Province)” 1 Status in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established in the United States. There is no indication that this species is in trade in the United States. Means of Introductions in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established in the United States. Remarks A previous version of this ERSS was published in 2014. 2 Biology and Ecology Taxonomic Hierarchy and Taxonomic Standing From ITIS (2019): “Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Actinopterygii Class Teleostei Superorder Ostariophysi Order Cypriniformes Superfamily Cyprinoidea Family Cyprinidae Genus Labeo Species Labeo capensis (Smith, 1841)” From Fricke et al. (2019): “Current status: Valid as Labeo capensis (Smith 1841). Cyprinidae: Labeoninae.” Size, Weight, and Age Range From Froese and Pauly (2019): “Max length : 50.0 cm FL male/unsexed; [de Moor and Bruton 1988]; common length : 45.0 cm FL male/unsexed; [Lévêque and Daget 1984]; max. -
2021 BROCHURE the LONG LOOK the Pioneer Way of Doing Business
2021 BROCHURE THE LONG LOOK The Pioneer way of doing business We are an international company with a unique combination of cultures, languages and experiences. Our technologies and business environment have changed dramatically since Henry A. Wallace first founded the Hi-Bred Corn Company in 1926. This Long Look business philosophy – our attitude toward research, production and marketing, and the worldwide network of Pioneer employees – will always remain true to the four simple statements which have guided us since our early years: We strive to produce the best products in the market. We deal honestly and fairly with our employees, sales representatives, business associates, customers and stockholders. We aggressively market our products without misrepresentation. We provide helpful management information to assist customers in making optimum profits from our products. MADE TO GROW™ Farming is becoming increasingly more complex and the stakes ever higher. Managing a farm is one of the most challenging and critical businesses on earth. Each day, farmers have to make decisions and take risks that impact their immediate and future profitability and growth. For those who want to collaborate to push as hard as they can, we are strivers too. Drawing on our deep heritage of innovation and breadth of farming knowledge, we spark radical and transformative new thinking. And we bring everything you need — the high performing seed, the advanced technology and business services — to make these ideas reality. We are hungry for your success and ours. With us, you will be equipped to ride the wave of changing trends and extract all possible value from your farm — to grow now and for the future.