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Upper Clutha Water Quality ! ! Upper Clutha Water Quality Literature Review Funded by the Upper Clutha Lakes Trust - Wanaka Water Project First Edition August 2019 In June 2018 the Upper Clutha Lakes Trust secured funding for the Wanaka Water Project from the Ministry for the Environment’s Freshwater Improvement Fund; One of 34 projects nationally to improve freshwater management and the only project funded in the Otago region. Additional funding was provided from Otago Regional Council (ORC), Sargood Bequest, Million Metres (an initiative of Sustainable Business Networks) and Queenstown Lakes District Council (QLDC). The Wanaka Water Project has 3 key streams of work: Riparian Planting - Strategic plantings to restore riparian margins, led by Te K#kano Aotearoa Trust in partnership with landowners, QLDC, ORC and other stakeholders. Applied Research - supported by Catchments Otago and the University of Otago studying Wanaka urban runoff. This research will assess the effects of urban development on lake health and use results to define management measures. Integrated Catchment Management Plan - Landpro Ltd has been appointed to manage the development of a community-led water management plan supported by iwi, urban residents, tourism operators, visitors, farmers, scientists and regulators (ORC and QLDC). For further information; Please visit our website www.uppercluthalakestrust.org Find us on facebook @UCLakesTrust Or our instagram account uclakestrust This Literature Review will be updated frequently as relevant literature comes to light. Please note, the Ministry for the Environment (MfE) does not necessarily endorse or support the content of the publication in any way. WANAKA WATER PROJECT PARTNERS & FUNDERS: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Prepared For Upper Clutha Lakes Trust Prepared By Landpro Ltd 13 Pinot Noir Drive PO Box 302 Cromwell Tel +64 3 445 9905 © Landpro Ltd 2019 2 QUALITY INFORMATION Reference: Muller T., Boyens N., Perkins C., Langhans S.D. (2019) Literature Review: Upper Clutha Water Quality. Prepared for the Upper Clutha Lakes Trust. Landpro. p. 97. Date: 1 November 2019 Prepared by: Tim Muller 1, Nick Boyens 1, Claire Perkins 1 & Simone D. Langhans 2,3 Reviewed by: Kate Scott Client Review: UCLT 1 Landpro Ltd 2 Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand 3 BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Leioa, Spain Disclaimer: We have prepared this report for our client based on their instructions. They may use it, as agreed between us. Landpro has no duty, and does not make or give any express or implied representation or guarantee, whatsoever to any person other than our client. If you are not our client then, unless this report has been provided to you as a local authority or central government agency as part of a public process: you have no right to use or to rely on this report or any part of it, and you may not reproduce any of it. We have done our best to ensure the information is fit for purpose at the date of preparation and meets the specific needs of our client. Sometimes things change or new information comes to light. This can affect our recommendations and findings. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 6 STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Location ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6 History .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Climate ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Topography and land use ................................................................................................................................... 13 Geology and soils ................................................................................................................................................... 17 Hydrology and hydrogeology ........................................................................................................................... 20 Clutha River/Mata-Au ...................................................................................................................................... 20 Hāwea catchment .............................................................................................................................................. 20 Wānaka catchment ........................................................................................................................................... 21 Clutha/Mata-au main stem and lower tributaries ................................................................................ 21 Current water quality ............................................................................................................................................ 22 Ecology ....................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Freshwater values ................................................................................................................................................... 36 Tangata whenua values .................................................................................................................................. 36 Upper Clutha community values ................................................................................................................. 36 ORC Water Plan values ................................................................................................................................... 39 POLICY AND PLAN DIRECTION .................................................................................................................................. 39 Resource Management Act 1991 .................................................................................................................... 39 National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management ....................................................................... 40 Regional Plan: Water for Otago ....................................................................................................................... 41 Queenstown Lakes District Plan ....................................................................................................................... 42 Other relevant guidance ..................................................................................................................................... 43 Lake Wānaka Preservation Act 1973 .......................................................................................................... 43 Conservation Act 1987..................................................................................................................................... 44 Catchment scale management examples ................................................................................................. 44 RISKS TO CATCHMENT .................................................................................................................................................. 45 Pressure – State – Impact Framework ............................................................................................................ 45 High Country in the Upper Catchment Above the Lakes ....................................................................... 46 Pressures ............................................................................................................................................................... 46 Information Gaps and Monitoring Recommendations ......................................................................... 47 Lake Wānaka and Lake Hāwea ......................................................................................................................... 48 Pressures ............................................................................................................................................................... 51 Information Gaps and Monitoring Recommendations ......................................................................... 52 Significant rivers not directly feeding the lakes (Cardrona River and Luggate Creek) ............... 53 Pressures ............................................................................................................................................................... 58 Information Gaps and Monitoring Recommendations ......................................................................... 58 Wānaka/Hāwea Basin outwash plains including Clutha River/Mata-Au and the underlying aquifers ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 59 Pressures ............................................................................................................................................................... 63 Information Gaps and Monitoring Recommendations ........................................................................
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