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Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada Українська Православна Церква В Канаді L'église Orthodoxe Ukrainienne Du Canada Home Page | Listing of Articles Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada Українська Православна Церква в Канаді L'Église orthodoxe ukrainienne du Canada Home Page | Listing of Articles Св. Фадей, Апостол зі Сімдесяти St. Thaddeus, Apostle of the Seventy Fr. Ihor Kutash - о. Ігор Куташ [email protected] “Діти Божі втрачають своє життя, але “God's children lose their life but save спасають свою душу.” (Д-р Гарольд their souls.” (Dr. Harold Buls) Бульс) I often introduce a meditation on the life of Я часто починаю роздумування над a Saint with a quote from the particular життям Святого цитатою від того ж Servant of God who is the subject of the Угодника Божого, про котрого пишу. Та meditation. Try as I might, however, I хоч як не старався таки не міг знайти could find no quotation to attribute to the жодної цитати, яку б можна приписати Saint whom the Orthodox Church Святому, якого Православна Церква commemorates on September 3 (which is поминає 3-го вересня (це - 21-го серпня August 21 on the Julian Calendar): St. за юліанським календарем): Св. Фадея, Thaddeus, Apostle of the Seventy. Апостола зі Сімдесяти. One reason for this may be that a large Одна з причин для цього, можливо, та, part of the Christian family maintains that що велика частина Християнської сім’ї he actually did not exist and so there are твердить, що його ніколи не було на no quotations to be found! They maintain світі! Кажуть, що він і Св. Апостол Юда із that he and the Holy Apostle Jude of the Дванадцяти (19-го червня/2-го липня - Twelve (June 19/July 2 - about whom I про якого я також писав: ось тут) – одна і have also written: see) are actually one та сама особа. Це було б великою честю and the same person. This would be a і важливим виправленням помилки, якщо great honour and an important correction б воно дійсно так було. Однак церковний if it were in fact the case. However, the історик Євсевій Кесарійський (275- Church Historian Eusebius of Caesarea 339) відрізняє Св. Фадея зі Сімдесяти від (275-339) distinguishes St. Thaddeus of Апостола Юди, якого також називали the Seventy from the Apostle Jude, who Фадеєм (а то й Левієм), щоб відрізнити was also called Thaddeus (and even Levi його від іншого Юди з Дванадцяти – Юди or Lebbaeus) to distinguish him from the Іскаріота, який зрадив Господа. other Jude of the Twelve – Judas Iscariot – who betrayed the Lord. Це ж не жодна честь - бути списаним до тих, які ніколи не існували. Та з другої It is certainly no honour to be relegated to сторони, як пише Д-р Гарольд Бульс, oblivion! On the other hand, as noted by визначний лютеранський місіонер- Dr. Harold Buls, the noted Lutheran душпастир, якого день народження: 4-го missionary Pastor, whose birthday січня (1920) співпадає зі святкуванням January 4 (1920), coincides with the Собору Святих Сімдесяти Апостолів (для celebration of the Synaxis of the Seventy тих, що святкують за юліанським Holy Apostles (those observing the Julian календарем, це – 17-го січня на Calendar celebrate it on January 17 григоріянському): “Божі діти втрачають Gregorian Calendar): “God's children lose своє життя, але спасають свою душу”. their lives but save their souls”. He was Це – його роздумування над віршем від commenting on Matthew 16:25 (click Євангелії Св. Матвія 16:25 (ось тут here). англійською). Whereas historians of the Churches of the Тоді коли історики західних Церков West deny the validity and accuracy of відкидають достовірність будь якого any list of these Seventy Apostles - who списка імен цих Сімдесяти Святих are mentioned without any names in the Апостолів, яких згадує Євангелія від Св. Gospel of St. Luke (10:1-20) - the Луки (10:1-20) без жодних імен, Orthodox Church respectfully insists on Православна Церква з повагою listing their names in the Church наполягає на тому, щоб їхні імена були Calendar, and St. Thaddeus is eighth on завписані в Церковному календарі, і на this traditional list. The list itself is цьому традиційному списку ім’я Св. attributed to St. Dorotheus of Tyre (ca. Фадея займає восьме місце. Список 255-362), Eusebius’ teacher, who was приписують Св. Дорофею Тирському martyred at the behest of the emperor (приблизно 255-362), учителеві Євсевія, Julian the Apostate at the age of 107 якого замучили по наказу Імператора years! Юліана Відступник у віці 107 літ! Even if these two Church Fathers are right Навіть якщо ці два Отці Церкви праві а and the later scholars are wrong, this пізніші науковці помиляються, все одно denial to St. Thaddeus of being distinct ця відмова Св. Фадеєві відмінності від from the illustrious St. Jude (Thaddeus) of славного Св. Юди (Фадея) з Дванадцяти the Twelve is no tragedy from the не справляє жодної трагедії з точки зору perspective of the Kingdom. This would Царства Божого. Це б було просто simply be one more sacrifice for the черговою жертвою ради цього Царства. Kingdom. God’s children do not insist on Божі діти не наполягають на тому, щоб їх being remembered by those who survive пам’ятали ті, які проживають після них, а them – especially not for their sanctity and вже аж ніяк не за те, що вони були наче perfection, for they see themselves, in the б то святими й досконалими, бо ж , як words of St. Paul, as “first among sinners” казав Ап. Павло, вони себе вважають (I Timothy 1:15). It is enough that God “першими між грішними” (I Тимофія remembers them. 1:15). Вистарчає те, щоб про них However, because we are convinced that пам’ятав Бог! the Lord does remember His people, and Однак тому що ми впевнені в тому, що the Church is His Bride, the Orthodox do Господь пам’ятає про своїх, а Церква – not hasten to “purify” the Church calendar це Його невіста, православні не спішать of those who may have come into it “очищати” Церковний календар від тих, through human error. On the contrary we які може попали до нього через людську seem to prefer in this instance (as ought, помилку. Навпаки у цьому випадку ми in fact, to be normal with Christians) to err неначе воліємо (як, здається мусіли б усі on the side of generosity rather than on Християни) помилятися по стороні the side of severity, at the risk of щедрості радше ніж по стороні суворості, appearing overly traditionalistic and хоч цим же ризикуємо, що нас unscholarly. уважатимуть надто традиційними та As is normal for those on the Church ненауковими. Calendar there is a Vita (Slavonic - Як буває з тими, що знаходяться у “Zhytiye”) for St. Thaddeus of the Церковному календарі, існує “Житіє” Св. Seventy. We read that he was of Jewish Фадея із Сімдесяти. У ньому читаємо, що descent, and that he was born in the він був єврейського походження та що Syrian city of Edessa, which is modern народився в сирійському місті Едеса - Sanliurfa in Turkey. (“Thaddeus” may well сьогодні це м. Санлюрфа в Туреччині. be a Hellenized version of the name (Між іншим ім’я “Фадей” може бути “Judas”, by the way.) Visitors to this city згеленізованою формою імені “Юда”.) will see a Mosque (built on the site of an Відвідувачі цього міста побачать Мечеть earlier Christian Temple) which is held to (побудовану на місці колишнього be the birthplace of the Holy Patriarch Християнського Храму), де колись мав Abraham, the spiritual father of Christians, би був народитися Св. Патріарх Авраам, Jews, Muslims and others. The city is also духовний Батько Християн, Юдеїв, considered to be the Ur of Biblical times. Мусульман та інших. Це місто також There is a pool of sacred fish around the уважають старинним містом Ур з Mosque complex, in keeping with the біблійного часу. У подвір’ю Мечеті є tradition that Nimrod tried to burn ставочок із священними рибами згідно з Abraham’s body but God turned the fire переданням, що Німрод намагався був into water and the coals into fish. спалити тіло Авраама але Бог One day when Thaddeus came to перетворив вогонь на воду а вуглики на Jerusalem for a Festival, he heard the рибу. preaching of St. John the Forerunner, Одного дня, коли Фадей прибув у Jesus’ cousin according to the flesh. After Єрусалим на Свято він почув проповідь being baptized by him in the Jordan, he Св. Івана Предтечі, двоюрідного брата remained in Palestine. He later met the Ісуса. Коли той охрестив його в ріці Saviour Himself and became His follower. Йордані, Фадей зупинився в Палестині. He was chosen by the Lord to be one of Пізніше він зустрів Самого Спасителя і the Seventy Disciples, whom He sent in став Його учнем. Господь вибрав його pairs to preach in the cities and places He бути одним зі Сімдесяти Апостолів, яких intended to visit. вислав парами проповідувати в містах After the Ascension of Our Lord to та місцях, яких мав намір провідати. Heaven, St. Thaddeus preached the good Після Вознесення Господа на Небеса, news in Syria and Mesopotamia. He had Св. Фадей проповідував Євангелію в earlier been in his native Edessa and Сирії та Месопотамії. Він раніше був у there converted King Abgar, the people рідній Едесі на проповіді і там навернув and the pagan priests to Christ. His царя Авгара, народ та язичницьких preaching was supported by many жерців до Христа. Його проповідь miracles (about which Abgar wrote to the супроводжувалась багатьма чудами (про Assyrian emperor, Nerses). Eusebius яких Авгар написав асирійському writes that King Abgar had sent an імператорові, Нерсесові). Євсевій пише, emissary to the Lord Himself to ask for the що Цар Авгар послав був посланця до healing of an infirmity he had. The Lord Самого Господа Ісуса прохаючи responded with a letter which He dictated вздоровлення якоїсь недуги.
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