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Section 6.7 Freshwater Aquatic Resources KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Section 6.7 Freshwater Aquatic Resources VE51988 KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FRESHWATER AQUATIC RESOURCES TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.7 Freshwater Aquatic Resources .............................................................................. 6.7-1 6.7.1 Valued Component Selection Rationale.................................................... 6.7-2 6.7.1.1 Valued Component / Issue Identification and Scoping ........... 6.7-3 6.7.1.2 Valued Component / Issues Confirmation ............................ 6.7-24 6.7.2 Dolly Varden ............................................................................................ 6.7-29 6.7.2.1 Introduction ............................................................................ 6.7-29 6.7.2.2 Relevant Legislation and Legal Framework .......................... 6.7-29 6.7.2.2.1 Federal ............................................................. 6.7-29 6.7.2.2.2 Provincial .......................................................... 6.7-30 6.7.2.2.3 Nisga’a Lisims Government ............................. 6.7-31 6.7.2.3 Spatial Boundaries ................................................................ 6.7-31 6.7.2.3.1 Local Study Area .............................................. 6.7-32 6.7.2.3.2 Regional Study Area ........................................ 6.7-34 6.7.2.3.3 Cumulative Effects Study Area......................... 6.7-34 6.7.2.4 Temporal Boundaries ............................................................ 6.7-38 6.7.2.5 Information Source and Methods .......................................... 6.7-38 6.7.2.5.1 Field Studies ..................................................... 6.7-38 6.7.2.5.2 Regional Baseline ............................................ 6.7-41 6.7.2.6 Detailed Baseline for Dolly Varden ....................................... 6.7-41 6.7.2.6.1 Genetics ........................................................... 6.7-41 6.7.2.6.2 Distribution and Catch-Per-Unit-Effort .............. 6.7-41 6.7.2.6.3 Length, Weight, and Condition ......................... 6.7-44 6.7.2.6.4 Age, Growth, and Maturity ................................ 6.7-46 6.7.2.6.5 Diet ................................................................... 6.7-50 6.7.2.6.6 Energy Storage and Energy Use ..................... 6.7-53 6.7.2.6.7 Life History........................................................ 6.7-56 6.7.2.6.8 Tissue Residual Metals .................................... 6.7-56 6.7.2.7 Cultural, Ecological or Community Knowledge ..................... 6.7-61 6.7.2.8 Past, Present or Future Projects / Activities .......................... 6.7-62 6.7.2.9 Potential Effects of the Proposed Project and Proposed Mitigation ............................................................................... 6.7-69 6.7.2.9.1 Identification and Analysis of Potential Project Effects ............................................................... 6.7-69 6.7.2.9.2 Mitigation Measures ......................................... 6.7-83 6.7.2.10 Potential Residual Effects and their Significance ................ 6.7-128 6.7.2.10.1 Potential Residual Effects after Mitigation ...... 6.7-128 6.7.2.10.2 Change in Stream Flows in Lime Creek ......... 6.7-160 6.7.2.10.3 Change in Water Temperatures in Lime Creek .............................................................. 6.7-172 6.7.2.10.4 Change in Benthic Macro-Invertebrate Community in Lime Creek .............................. 6.7-175 6.7.2.10.5 Summary of Potential Residual Effects after Mitigation ........................................................ 6.7-176 6.7.2.10.6 Significance of Potential Residual Effects ...... 6.7-176 6.7.2.11 Cumulative Effects Assessment .......................................... 6.7-179 6.7.2.11.1 Rationalisation for Carrying Forward Project Related Residual Effects Into the Cumulative Effects Assessment ........................................ 6.7-179 6.7.2.11.2 Interaction Between Dolly Varden and Other Past, Present or Future Projects / Activities ... 6.7-180 6.7.2.11.3 Mitigation Measures ....................................... 6.7-185 Version 1.0 VE51988 – Section 6.7 December 2011 TOC 6.7-i KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FRESHWATER AQUATIC RESOURCES 6.7.2.11.4 Potential Residual Cumulative Effects and Their Significance ........................................... 6.7-185 6.7.2.12 Limitations ........................................................................... 6.7-188 6.7.2.13 Conclusion ........................................................................... 6.7-189 6.7.3 Coho salmon ......................................................................................... 6.7-190 6.7.3.1 Introduction .......................................................................... 6.7-190 6.7.3.2 Relevant Legislation and Legal Framework ........................ 6.7-191 6.7.3.2.1 Federal ........................................................... 6.7-191 6.7.3.2.2 Provincial ........................................................ 6.7-193 6.7.3.2.3 Nisga’a Lisims Government ........................... 6.7-193 6.7.3.3 Spatial Boundaries .............................................................. 6.7-193 6.7.3.3.1 Local Study Area ............................................ 6.7-193 6.7.3.3.2 Regional Study Area ...................................... 6.7-194 6.7.3.3.3 Cumulative Effects Study Area....................... 6.7-194 6.7.3.4 Temporal Boundaries .......................................................... 6.7-195 6.7.3.5 Information Source and Methods ........................................ 6.7-195 6.7.3.5.1 Field Studies ................................................... 6.7-195 6.7.3.5.2 Regional Baseline .......................................... 6.7-196 6.7.3.6 Detailed Baseline for Coho Salmon .................................... 6.7-197 6.7.3.6.1 Distribution and Catch .................................... 6.7-197 6.7.3.6.2 Length, Weight, and Condition ....................... 6.7-197 6.7.3.6.3 Life History...................................................... 6.7-198 6.7.3.6.4 Diet ................................................................. 6.7-199 6.7.3.6.5 Habitat ............................................................ 6.7-199 6.7.3.7 Cultural Ecological or Community Knowledge .................... 6.7-199 6.7.3.7.1 Nisga’a Nation ................................................ 6.7-199 6.7.3.7.2 Aboriginal Groups ........................................... 6.7-200 6.7.3.8 Past, Present or Future Projects / Activities ........................ 6.7-201 6.7.3.9 Potential Effects of the Proposed Project and Proposed Mitigation ............................................................................. 6.7-207 6.7.3.9.1 Identification and Analysis of Potential Project Effects ................................................ 6.7-207 6.7.3.9.2 Mitigation Measures ....................................... 6.7-219 6.7.3.10 Potential Residual Effects and Their Significance .............. 6.7-231 6.7.3.10.1 Potential Residual Effects After Mitigation ..... 6.7-231 6.7.3.10.2 Significance of Potential Residual Effects ...... 6.7-237 6.7.3.11 Cumulative Effects Assessment .......................................... 6.7-240 6.7.3.11.1 Rationalisation for Carrying Forward Project Related Residual Effects Into the Cumulative Effects Assessment ..................... 6.7-240 6.7.3.11.2 Interaction Between Coho Salmon and Other Past, Present or Future Projects / Activities ......................................................... 6.7-240 6.7.3.11.3 Mitigation Measures ....................................... 6.7-244 6.7.3.11.4 Potential Residual Cumulative Effects and Their Significance ........................................... 6.7-245 6.7.3.12 Limitations ........................................................................... 6.7-245 6.7.3.13 Conclusion ........................................................................... 6.7-247 6.7.4 Rainbow Trout ....................................................................................... 6.7-247 6.7.4.1 Introduction .......................................................................... 6.7-247 6.7.4.2 Relevant Legislation and Legal Framework ........................ 6.7-248 6.7.4.2.1 Federal ........................................................... 6.7-248 6.7.4.2.2 Provincial ........................................................ 6.7-249 6.7.4.2.3 Nisga’a Lisims Government ........................... 6.7-250 Version 1.0 VE51988 – Section 6.7 December 2011 TOC 6.7-ii KITSAULT MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FRESHWATER AQUATIC RESOURCES 6.7.4.3 Spatial Boundaries .............................................................. 6.7-250 6.7.4.3.1 Local Study Area ............................................ 6.7-251 6.7.4.3.2 Regional Study Area ...................................... 6.7-253 6.7.4.3.3 Cumulative Effects Study Area....................... 6.7-253 6.7.4.4 Temporal Boundaries .......................................................... 6.7-253 6.7.4.5 Information Source and Methods ........................................ 6.7-254 6.7.4.5.1 2010 Field studies .......................................... 6.7-254 6.7.4.5.2 2011 Field Studies .......................................... 6.7-256 6.7.4.6 Detailed Baseline for Rainbow trout .................................... 6.7-259 6.7.4.6.1 Species Composition and Relative Abundance ....................................................
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