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Joseph Schillinger Joseph Schillinger Music Science or Family Background Musical Science Fiction • Born: September 1 1895 Kharkov Part 1 • Joseph Moiseivich Schillinger • Mother: Anna nee Gielgur • Father: Moses Schillinger Dr Warren Brodsky • Prosperous upper middle-class business Music Science Research people Department of the Arts • Grandparents: immigrated to Russia from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel Alsace Lorraine, Holland 1 2 Childhood Young Adulthood • Age 5: Showed interests in design, • 1914: Completed formal education at dramatics, and verse Classical College (age 19) • Age 10: Experimented with play writing • 1914+: Studied at St. Petersburg Imperial and music Conservatory of Music • Age 15: Graduated from Gymnasium • 1914-1918: Majored in composition under Kalafati, Chernoff, Cherepnin, and Wihtol • 1918+: Majored in conducting under Cherapni 3 4 1 By Mid Twenties (age 25) • 1918: Senior Instructor of composition, • Fluent in Hebrew, Latin, German, French, Kharkoff Conservatory (age 23) English, and Italian languages • 1918-1922: Head of Music Department • Exposed to classical and oriental philosophy Board of Education (Ukraine), and and religious systems Consultant of the State Opera • Studied mathematics under Koltovski and Anton Prizieborgski • Studied versification with Nicholai Schebouver 5 6 Late-twenties / 1920-1922 • Studied Slavonic mythology and history of Russian literature at State University of • 1920-1922: Professor and Dean of the Petrograd Faculty of Composition Department at the • Mastered physics, acoustics, and electrical State Academy of Music, Kharkoff engineering Conservatory, Ukraine. • Studied design, music, drama, art, and • 1920-1922: Conductor of the United dance history Student’s Symphonic Orchestra and Ukraine Symphony 7 8 2 Early-thirties / 1925-1928 • 1920-1922: Consultant to the USSR Board of Education • 1925-1928: Professor and member of State • 1922: Lecturer of Composition at the State Institute of the History (Science) of the Arts Institute of Musical Education at St. Petersburg. [also called Institute of • 1922-1926: Consultant to Leningrad Board Musical Science in Moscow] of Education • ca 1925: Married Olga - a Russian actress • 1926: Lecturer at the State Central Musical Technium 9 10 Major Commission • 1926-1928: Vice President of the of the • 1927: Commissioned by the State Institute International Society for Contemporary of the History of Arts to record (i.e., Music, Leningrad-branch (later called the phonograph) the folk music of Georgian Leningrad Association for Modern Music) tribes in Caucasus. Previously these Khevsouri, Mokhevi, Mtiouleti, and Ajara tribes were unknown to ethnomusicologists 11 12 3 Schillinger’s Piano Music • Piano compositions were often featured on programs along with Stravinsky, Prokofiev, and Hindemith • Compositions drew inspiration from Scriabin and the most ancient cultures of Caucasus 13 4 Symphonic Rhapsody Camaraderie • Symphonic Rhapsody (“October”) Dimitri Shostakovich often compared chosen by the Soviet State Committee on Schillinger’s piano performance and Symphonic and Chamber music as the compositional prowess to that of best work composed during the first ten Ludwig van Beethoven. years of Soviet Russia’s existence. • Symphonic Rhapsody competed against Vladamir Horowitz agreed “Red Poppy” by Gliere “Symphony No. 1” by Shostakovich 17 18 • Schillinger and Beethoven were the only two composers to appear in a special program which commemorated the 10th anniversary of the Soviet Union. As a prank, his friend and colleague Dimitri Shostakovich made this photo composite of the two composers. Original in Lincoln Center for the Arts (New York) 5 All That Jazz • 1927-1928: Organized, Lectured, and directed the first Russian jazz orchestra • Pre-KGB viewed Schillinger as defender of [American] Jazz, and hence, potentially dangerous to the state • Schillinger was harshly interrogated on several occasions 22 6 Ambassador of Music International Exposure • 1928: Chairman of Committee For • 1928: Invited to America as a lecturer on Contemporary Music (State Institute of the contemporary music History of Arts) • Host: Philosopher-educator John Dewey • Authorized representative of Leningrad • Sponsored by American Society for Association of Modern Music to Western Cultural Relations with Russia (Music Europe and America Committee: Joseph Achron, Kurt Schindler, • 1928-1932: Member of the Composers Leopold Stokowski, Sergei Radamsky, and Society in Berlin Germany Edgar Varese) 25 26 Early American Activities • 1928-1931: Collaborated with Russian inventor Leon Theremin on musico-scientific problems and the construction of musical instruments Melody (1929) Lydia Kavina (theremin), Joshua Pierce (piano) Mouvement Electrique Et Pathetique (1932) 27 Lydia Kavina (theremin), Joshua Pierce (piano) 28 7 Schillinger Studio • 1929: Founded New York Musicological Society with Henry Cowell, Joseph Yasser, • Schillinger’s studio was equipped for the Otto Kinkeldey, and Charles Seeger (later investigation of sound and music; to became American Musicological Society, ascertain facts about music and to test American Society for Comparative musical procedures. Musicology) • The studio housed conventional musical instruments, as well as a Hammond electric organ, a sound recording system by MP Concert Installations, a rhythmicon, an oscillograph, and other acoustical and 29 optical instruments. 30 Immigration to USA • 1930: Visitors visa to USA expired. Went to Canada in April. Re-entered USA with intention of becoming a citizen of the USA 32 8 Lectureships in America Students of The Schillinger Studio 1930-1936 (Partial Listing) • 1930-1932 • 1931-1932 • Jeff Alexander • William H. Borden David Berend School Music School, Young of Music Men’s Hebrew • Meyer Alexander • Will Bradely • 1930-1932 Association • Fabian Andre • Lawrence H. Bracken Leon Theremin Studio • 1932-1933 • Edwin Bave • Will Bradley New School for Social • 1932 • Victor Bay • Nat Brandwynne Opened private music Research • Richard Benda studio (by 1938 was • 1933 • Irving Brodsky teaching 112 lessons Musical Cultural • Lawrence Berk • Earle Brown per week) League of New York • Eubie Blake • John Cage 33 • Margaret Carlisle • Alfred Evans • Michel Gusikoff • Oscar Levant • William Challis • Belle Fenstock • Ralph Hallenbeck • Gus Levene • Norman Cloutier • Harry Gellert • Charles Hayway (Ralph Gordon) • John Coltrane • Russel Genner • Lennie Hayton • Joseph Lilley • Carmine Coppola • Edwin Gerschefski • Alexander Hellman • Franklyn Marks • Clarence Cox • George Gershwin • David Holywin • Bernard Mayers • Jesse Crawford • Felix Giardina • Stan Kenton • John McGee • Edward Lodge Curran • Marjorie Goetschius • Hal Kemp • James J. McInerney • Rosolino De Mario • Benny Goodman • Nina Koshetz • Albert Meiff • Robert Emmett Dolan • Ralph Gordon • Paul Laval (aka • Glenn Miller • Tommy Dorsey (aka Gus Levine) Joe Usifer) • Jack Miller • Vladamir Dukelsky • Ross Gorman (aka Vernon Duke) • Jerome “Jerry” Gross • Leo Lefleur • Harold Mooney • George B. Leeman 9 • Toots Mondello • Harold Rome • Morris Stoloff • Lazar Weiner • Lee Montgomery • Ted Royal • Freddie Stulce • Milton Weinstein • Harold Mooney • Myron Schaeffer • Dave Trbett • Paul Whiteman • Lyn Murray • Rudolf Schramm • Nathan L Van Cleave • Ralph Wingert • Red Norvo • Vladamir Selinsky • William Welch • John Winters • Val Olman • Myron Schaeffer • Gerald F. Warbury • Samuel Zimbalist • Charles Paul • Winston Sharples • Mark Warnow • Mel Powell • Milton Shaw • Edward Powel • Harry Simeone • Howard Kirshenbaum • Charles Previn • Frank Skinner (aka Zvi Keren) • Samuel Raitz • Herbert Spencer • Alvino Ray • Paul Sterrett • Sonny Rollins • Leith Stevens 10 • 1934 • 1934-1936 Lectureships in Lectureship at Rhythmic Design at: Teacher’s College of 1. Florence Cane Columbia University School of Art in the Department of 2. American Institute Music, Fine Arts, and for the Study of Mathematics Advanced Education • 1936 3. American Institute of Lectureship at New the City of New York York University 42 National Exhibit • 1934 Exhibition of Geometrical Design in the Mathematics Museum of New York 43 11 12 13 1938 Frances Rosenfeld Singer • Former cover-girl Became a Citizen of the • Model for American cover artist Bradsaw Crandell (1896-1966): United States of America Judge, College Humor, American, Ladies Home, Motion Picture, Saturday Evening Post, Collier’s, and Red Book. Famous for covers July 1936 of Cosmopolitan (with models including Carole Lomboard, Bette Davis, Veronica Lake) Adds for ‘Old Gold’ cigarettes & ‘Palmolive’ soap 14 15 Frances • Ziegfield Girl • Secretary to Dale Carnegie • Secretary to Rockwell Kent • Photo Model 16 Frances • Nude model • Young photographer Edward Steichen (1879-1973) “The Family of Man” 1955 exhibit at The New York Museum of Modern Art Frances • National Worker for the Boy Scouts of America 17 Mr. & Mrs. Schillinger • In 1938 after an intense six weeks romance Joseph married Frances in a private ceremony in City Hall, New York City 69 Schillinger felt that it would not be fitting that he publish In 1941 Frances asked Joseph write a series of popular the songs under his name. Even Jascha Heifetz wrote a songs in Tin Pan Alley style for her as a birthday present. pop tune called ‘When you make love to me’ under a Frances wrote the titles: pseudonym Jim Hoyle. 1. Of All My Loves – a Tchaikovsky-like song 2. You’re The Last on My List for Love – a Torch song The songs were copyrighted under the name 3. I’m Through with Love – a Blues song FRANK LYNN 4. Get Together and Dance – a Latin-American song -Frank is the masculine of Frances -Lynn is the first syllable of Frances’ mother’s name Frances wanted these to be published; Joseph claimed -Frank-Lynn is the first letter of FDR (the American they were show tunes that a student of his might someday president Joseph most admired) incorporate into a Broadway musical. In her book of memoirs, Frances claimed that only a few people knew about the four popular songs. 18 Hobbies • Photography 19 Nature and Sports Collections • Mountain Climbing Jewelry Indian Pottery • Fishing Rugs, Carpets & Wall Hangings 20.
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