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Table of Contents North Carolina Edition AUTHORS Richard C. Remy, Ph.D., is professor emeritus in the Col- Saffell is coauthor of State of Local Government: Politics and lege of Education at The Ohio State University, and Senior Public Policies, 7th edition, published by McGraw-Hill. He Consultant on Civic Education with the Mershon Center for has authored and edited several other books dealing with International Security and Public Policy at Ohio State. He American government. received his Ph.D. in political science from Northwestern University. His books include: United States Government: Gary E. Clayton, Ph.D., currently teaches economics at Democracy in Action, Building Civic Education for Democracy Northern Kentucky University. He received his Ph.D. in Eco- in Poland, American Government and National Security, and nomics from the University of Utah, has taught economics Lessons on the Constitution. In the 1990s Dr. Remy created and finance at several universities and internationally, and and codirected a long-term project with the Polish Ministry has authored a number of books. Dr. Clayton appeared on of National Education and the Center for Citizenship Educa- numerous radio and television programs and was a guest tion, Warsaw to develop new civic education programs for commentator for NPR’s Marketplace. Dr. Clayton has a long- Polish students, teachers, and teacher educators. standing interest in economic education. He has partici- pated in numerous economic education workshops, and is John J. Patrick, Ed.D., is a professor emeritus of Educa- a National Council on Economic Education Kazanjian Award tion at Indiana University, Bloomington. He is the author winner. Dr. Clayton most recently received a year 2000 or coauthor of many publications about civics and govern- Leavey Award for Excellence in Private Enterprise Education ment, such as The Oxford Guide to the United States Gov- from the Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge, and is the ernment, The Supreme Court of the United States: A Student recipient of a national teaching award from the National Companion, The Bill of Rights: A History in Documents, Found- Council on Economic Education. Most recently Dr. Clayton ing the Republic, and Constitutional Debates on Freedom of was the recipient of NKU’s 2005 Frank Sinton Milburn Out- Religion. He is a member of the Standing Committee on standing Professor Award. Civics for the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Since 1992 he has been involved in several interna- tional Civics education projects involving post-Communist Contributing Author countries. In 2002 he received Indiana University’s John W. Dinah Zike, M.Ed., is an award winning author, educa- Ryan Award for distinguished achievements in International tor, and inventor known for designing three-dimensional Programs. In 2003 he received the Sagamore of the Wabash hands-on manipulatives and graphic organizers known Award from the Governor of Indiana in recognition of his as Foldables™. Foldables are used nationally and interna- long-term contributions to civic education in Indiana. In tionally by teachers, parents, and educational publishing 2005, he was the original recipient of the Indiana State Bar companies. Dinah has developed over 150 supplemental Association’s civic eduation award. educational books and materials. She is the author of The Big Book of Books and Activities, which was awarded Learn- David C. Saffell, Ph.D., received his Ph.D. degree in ing Magazine’s Teachers’ Choice Award. In 2004, Dinah was political science from the University of Minnesota. He has honored with the CESI Science Advocacy Award. Dinah taught at Ohio Northern University since 1972, serving as received her M.Ed. from Texas A&M, College Station, Texas. chair of the Social Science Division for 15 years. Professor Copyright ©2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the Unites States Copyright Act, no part of this publication may be repro- duced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval sys- tem, without prior permission of the publisher. TIME Reports and TIME Teens in Action © Time Inc. Prepared by TIME Learning Ventures in collaboration with Glencoe/McGraw-Hill. TIME and the red border design are trademarks of Time Inc. used under license. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, OH 43240-4027 ISBN: 978-0-07-879244-1 MHID: 0-07-879244-4 Printed in the United States of America. 1 2 3 4 5 6 079/043 11 10 09 08 07 CONSULTANTS AND REVIEWERS Academic Consultants Brandon Bartels, Ph.D. Nancy R. Cope Carrie Meyer, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Political Science Educational Consultant Associate Professor of Economics Stony Brook University Professional Connections George Mason University Stony Brook, New York Sanford, North Carolina Fairfax, Virginia Jody Baumgartner, Ph.D. Nancy Lind, Ph.D. Emmanuel Oritsejafor, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Political Science Associate Department Chair, Professor Associate Professor of Political Science East Carolina University of Political Science North Carolina Central University Greenville, North Carolina Illinois State University Durham, North Carolina Normal, Illinois Jeff Biddle, Ph.D. Bassam Yousif, Ph.D. Professor of Economics Scott McClurg, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Economics Michigan State University Assistant Professor of Political Science Indiana State University East Lansing, Michigan Southern Illinois University Terre Haute, Indiana Carbondale, Illinois Teacher Reviewers Cliff Avant Erika Flanagan Rebecca Mabrey Bleckley County High School Independence High School Central Cabarrus High School Cochran, Georgia Charlotte, North Carolina Concord, North Carolina Angela Baker Jennifer Goss Anne McCanless Cary High School Fleetwood Area High School Providence High School Cary, North Carolina Fleetwood, Pennsylvania Charlotte, North Carolina Brian Barnes Jeanne Hamacher Brian Myatt Hibriten High School Lake Park High School Oneida High School Lenoir, North Carolina Roselle, Indiana Oneida, New York Lori Braunstein Frank Hobby Bill Schreier Aurora Central High School Lake Norman High School Wheaton Warrenville South Aurora, Colorado Mooresville, North Carolina High School Wheaton, Illinois Heather Bridges Jodi Howell Mills University Studies High School West Albany High School Russell Sousa Little Rock, Arkansas Albany, Oregon Fort Myers High School Fort Myers, Florida Nathan Bruck Lee Hudson Greenfield-Central High School West Johnston High School Brian Stevens Greenfield, Indiana Benson, North Carolina Coldwater High School Coldwater, Michigan Dorothea Bryant Stacey Jarvis Huron High School E.E. Waddell High School Diane Stewart Ann Arbor, Michigan Charlotte, North Carolina Chester County High School Henderson, Tennessee Michael Clark Doug Jones Hall High School Monroe High School John Sullivan Little Rock, Arkansas Monroe, North Carolina Belmont High School Belmont, Massachusetts Scott D’Amico Annette King Hopewell High School Colquitt County High School Stephen Venezia Huntersville, North Carolina Moultrie, Georgia Marblehead High School Marblehead, Massachusetts Brad Donovan Vanessa Lal Steinkamp Willapa Valley High School Adlai Stevenson High School Menlo, Washington Lincolnshire, Illinois NC3 NNorthorth CCarolinaarolina AAdvisorydvisory BBoardoard Betty Clagg Janie Copple Kathleen R. Kimberly Duke Barbara F. Evans Social Studies Curriculum Facilitator Dempsey, NBCT Social Studies Academic Content Department Chair Rankin Elementary Social Studies Teacher Content Coach Coach Gaston County Schools School Wake County Charlotte-Mecklenburg Charlotte-Mecklenburg Gastonia, Guilford County Public Schools Schools Schools North Carolina Schools Raleigh, Charlotte, Charlotte Greensboro, North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina Susan S. Hirsch Melissa S. Wood Shanniska S. Smith- Anne M. Kosuda Social Studies Hockaday, NBCT Howard Assistant Principal Department Leader Humanities Social Studies Wayne County East Wake High School Department Chair Department Chair Public Schools Wake County Public Schools East Garner Magnet Ranson IB Middle School Goldsboro, North Carolina Wendell, North Carolina Middle School Charlotte-Mecklenburg Wake County Public Schools Schools Garner, North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina Gregg Carleton Lee Scott McAbee Marvine J. Myers W. Ray Parrish Social Studies Social Studies Social Studies AP U.S. History and Current Department Chair Department Chair Department Chair Events/Government Teacher Walter M. Williams North Forsyth High School East Davidson High School Northwest Guilford High School Winston-Salem/Forsyth Davidson County Schools High School Alamance-Burlington County Schools Thomasville, North Carolina Guilford County Schools School System Winston-Salem, North Greensboro, North Carolina Burlington, North Carolina Carolina Craig A. Paul Connie Shultz Russell James C. Thomas Eleanor B. Wilson Social Studies Teacher Social Studies Department Teacher Trainer Social Studies Teacher Guy Phillips Middle School Chair and Lead Mentor Offi ce of Continuous Grandview Middle School Chapel Hill-Carrboro C.C. Griffi n Middle School Improvement and Hickory City Schools City Schools Cabarrus County Schools Professional Development Hickory, North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina Concord, North Carolina Cary, North Carolina NC4 FOCUS ON NORTH CAROLINA A Note From the Authors elcome to Civics Today: Citizenship, Economics & You. The content Wof this course focuses on the economic, legal, and political
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