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INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information C om pany 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9411973 The role of encoding and context in schizophrenic thought disorder: An evaluation of Chapman’s theory from an encoding specificity perspective Hotchkiss, Barbara Anne, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1993 Copyright ©1993 by Hotchkiss, Barbara Anne. All rights reserved. UMI 300 N. ZeebRd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 THE ROLE OF ENCODING AND CONTEXT IN SCHIZOPHRENIC THOUGHT DISORDER: AN EVALUATION OF CHAPMAN’S THEORY FROM AN ENCODING SPECIFICITY PERSPECTIVE DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Barbara Anne Hotchkiss, B.S., M.A. The Ohio State University 1993 Dissertation Committee: Approved By: Herbert L. Mirels {A?— ~ Harvey G. Shulman Co-Adviser Steven J. Beck Co-Adviser Depqfrtment of Psychology Copyright by Barbara Anne Hotchkiss 1993 In Memory of James Thomas Hotchkiss ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would first and foremost like to acknowledge my deep appreciation to my adviser, Dr. Herbert Mirels, whose guidance, devotion, and camaraderie have been crucial at many stages of my graduate career. The completion of this project would not have been possible without his enormous support, patience, understanding, and encouragement. Gratitude is also extended to Dr. Harvey Shulman, who served as an adviser and made significant contributions to the conceptualization and implementa tion of my project. In addition, I would like to thank Dr. Steven Beck, who served as a reader on my Dissertation Committee and consistently provided encouragement during the completion of the project. A number of individuals were instrumental in recruiting subjects for this study. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Ms. Bobbi Fulton, Mr. Matthew Stepp, and other staff of Netcare Corporation; Dr. Henry Nasrallah, Dr. Stephen Olson, and Ms. Mary Lynn of The Ohio State University Schizophrenia Research Program; Dr. Stephen Stem of The Ohio State University Mood Disorders Clinic; Dr. Terry Carlson, Dr. Paul Kochanowski, Ms. Sharon Wood, and Ms. Patricia Seeger of the Veterans Administration Outpatient Clinic; Dr. Joseph Walsh and other staff of North Community Counseling Centers; Ms. Linda Jakes and other staff of Concord Counseling Services; Ms. Anne Logue, Dr. Marshall Vary, and other staff of Harding Hospital; Ms. Mary Brett and other staff of Northwest Counseling Services; the staff of Jewish Family Services Employment Resource Center; the late Dr. Sandra Babcock of the Bipolar Bears; and Ms. Mary Virginia Culbertson and others of Recovery. Many of these individuals went to great lengths to assist me, despite busy work schedules. This project was in part supported by an Ohio State University Graduate Student Alumni Research Award. My parents, Corinna and Leonard Hotchkiss, and my sister, Karen Mancone, deserve special recognition for their support of my intellectual pursuits. I would also like to thank my in-laws, Ruta and George Paulson and others of the Paulson clan, who have been a constant source of inspiration. I would like to express my most heart-felt feelings of gratitude to my husband, John Paulson, for his understanding of the many long hours of time I spent away from him. His enormous support, nurturing, and tolerance during the lengthy process of completing this project were invaluable. VITA March 6,1956 ......................................... Bom, Radford, Virginia 1976-1978.............................................. Research Technician, Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 1979 .........................................................B.S., Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 198 0 .........................................................State of Ohio Trainee in Psychology, Central Ohio Psychiatric Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 1981-1983.............................................. Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1983.........................................................M.A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1983.........................................................Psychology Trainee, Southwest Forensic Psychiatry Center, Columbus, Ohio 1983-198 4...............................................State of Ohio Trainee in Psychology, Southwest Community Health Center, Columbus, Ohio 1984-198 5 ...............................................Psychology Assistant, Reynoldsburg Community Counseling Center, Reynoldsburg, Ohio 1985-198 6 ...............................................Psychology Intern, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 1986-198 7 ...............................................Psychology Technician, V.A. Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 1989......................................................... Graduate Administrative Associate, Graduate School, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1992-Present............................................Secretary, Board of Directors, Peers Unlimited, Inc., Columbus, Ohio v 1993 Secretary-Treasurer, Board of Electors, Sigma Xi, Ohio State University Chapter, Columbus, Ohio PUBLICATIONS Millard, B. A. (1983). Hypothesis testing theory. Some boundary conditions. Unpublished master’s thesis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Newlin, D. B., Hotchkiss, B., Cox, W. M., Rauscher, F., & Li, T.-K. (1989). Autonomic and subjective responses to alcohol stimuli with appropriate control stimuli. Addictive Behaviors. 14,625-630. Nowicki, S., Jr., Winograd, E., & Millard, B. A. (1979). Memory for faces: A social learning analysis. Journal of Research in Personality. 2,460-468. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Psychology Studies in Clinical Psychology TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION.............................................................................;................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..............................................................................................iii V ITA.................................................................................................................................v LIST OF TABLES.......................................................... ............................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION..................................... I An Overview of Chapman’s Theory of Schizophrenic Thought Disorder.....................................................................................6 Seminal Work on the Chapman Theory........................................................ 9 Subsequent Work on the Chapman Theory.............................................. 19 Chapman’s Theory Revisited: Further Considerations............................. 57 II. METHOD.................................................................................................. 66 Subjects ....................................................................................................... 66 Thought Disorder Ratings............................................................................74 Memory Tests............................................................................................ 75 Procedure..................................................................................................... 79 III. RESULTS.................................................................................................. 86 Thought Disorder Ratings.......................................................................... 86 Memory Task Performance..........................................................................90 Relationship Between Thought Disorder, Diagnosis, and Memory Task Performance......................................................... 106 Chronicity and Memory Performance in Schizophrenic Subjects 118 Relationship Between Medication and Memory Performance............... 120 IV. DISCUSSION.........................................................................................

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