Documents, Working Papers. Volume V, Docs. 5937 to 5944 = Documents

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Documents, Working Papers. Volume V, Docs. 5937 to 5944 = Documents PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLÉE PARLEMENTAIRE OF THE DU COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONSEIL DE L'EUROPE 20 September 1988 Doc. 5944 20 septembre 1988 Doc. 5944 REPORT RAPPORT on the situation of the Church sur la situation des Eglises and freedom of religion in Eastern Europe1 et des libertés religieuses en Europe de l'Est1 (Rapporteur : Mr ATKINSON) (Rapporteur : M. ATKINSON) I. Draft recommendation I. Projet de recommandation presented by the Committee on Relations présenté par la commission des relations with European Non-Member Countries2 avec les pays européens non membres2 The Assembly, L'Assemblée, 1. Recalling its past work on freedom of 1. Rappelant ses travaux passés sur la liberté thought, conscience and religion in Eastern de pensée, de conscience et de religion en Europe Europe and the Soviet Union, the Conference on de l'Est et en Union Soviétique, la Conférence sur Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) and la sécurité et la coopération en Europe (CSCE) et its Resolutions 730 (1980) and 787 (1982), calling ses Résolutions 730 (1980) et 787 (1982), prônant for an end to ail restrictions on the practical l'abolition de toutes les entraves à l'expression expression of freedom of religion in all the concrète de la liberté de religion dans tous les pays countries concerned ; concernés ; 2. Noting its subsequent work on the CSCE 2. Considérant ses travaux ultérieurs sur les process,'with particular reference to Principle VII suites de la CSCE, invoquant notamment le prin- of Basket I of the Helsinki Final Act of 1975 (dur- cipe VII de la première corbeille de l'Acte final ing the period prior to the commencement of the d'Helsinki de 1975, qui continue de faire l'objet de current Vienna Review Conference in November violations, puisque de nombreux chrétiens, juifs et 1986), which continued to be subjected to violation musulmans ont été soumis à des vexations, discri- with the widespread harassment, discrimination minations et persécutions dans tous les pays con- and persecution of Christians, Jews and Muslims cernés, durant la période précédant le début de la in all the countries concerned ; Conférence de Vienne de novembre 1986 ; 1. See Doc. 4970, Resolution 787 (1982); and Reference 1. Voir Doc. 4970, Résolution 787 (1982) ; et Renvoi n» 1586 No. 1586 of 26 November 1987. du 26 novembre 1987. 2. a. Adopted unanimously by the committee on 14 Sep- 2. a. Adopté par la commission le 14 septembre 1988 à tember 1988. l'unanimité. Members of the committee : MM. Sager (Chairman), Hassler, Membres de la commission : MM. Sager (Président), Hassler, Nunez (Alternate: Mrs Palacio) (Vice-Chairmen) MM. Abelein, Nunez (Remplaçant: Mme Palacio) (Vice-Présidents). MM. Abe- Atkinson, Aylward, Burger, Eisma, Mrs Halldorsdottir, Mr Har- lein, Atkinson, Aylward, Burger, Eisma, Mme Halldorsdottir, alambous, Mrs Hâvik, Mr Litherland (Alternate: Mr Lambie), M. Haralambous, Mme Hâvik, M. Litherland (Remplaçant: Mrs Luuk, MM. Matraja, Mota Torres, Noerens, Probst, M. Lambie), Mmc Luuk, MM. Matraja, Mota Torres, Noerens, Riishoj, Rubbi, Salvi, Seitlinger (Alternate : Montastruc), Skaug, Probst, Riishoj, Rubbi, Salvi, Seitlinger (Remplaçant: Montas- Talay, Zammit Dimech. truc), Skaug, Talay, Zammit Dimech. N.B. The names of those who took part in the vote are printed N.B. Les noms des membres qui ont pris part au vote sont in italics. indiqués en italique. b. See 13th Sitting, 6 October 1988 (adoption of the draft b. Voir 13e séance, 6 octobre 1988 (adoption du projet de recommendation as amended), and Recommendation 1086. recommandation amendé), et Recommandation 1086. Doc. 5944 Situation of the Church and freedom of religion in Eastern Europe 3. Noting in particular its Resolutions 845 3. Considérant notamment ses Résolutions (1985) and 898 (1988) on the situation of the Jews 845 (1985) et 898 (1988) relatives à la situation des in the Soviet Union, which confirmed that Jewish juifs en Union Soviétique qui ont confirmé que emigration remained at a low level in comparison l'émigration juive restait limitée par rapport à la with a decade ago, Resolution 830 (1984) on the décennie antérieure, la Résolution 830 (1984) rela- situation of minorities in Romania, which noted tive à la situation des minorités en Roumanie qui with alarm reports of serious injustices to persons dénonçait les graves injustices subies par des per- belonging to religious minorities, and Resolution sonnes appartenant à des minorités religieuses et la 846 (1985) on the situation of ethnic and Muslim Résolution 846 (1985) sur la situation des minorités minorities in Bulgaria, which expressed concern at ethniques et musulmanes en Bulgarie qui s'inquié- the deprivation of ethnic and religious rights ; tait de la privation des droits ethniques et reli- gieux ; 4. Encouraged by the reform movement in- 4. Encouragée par le mouvement de réforme itiated by General Secretary Gorbachev, which has lancé par le Secrétaire général Gorbatchev qui a included in its stated aims greater openness and inscrit dans ses objectifs déclarés une ouverture et tolerance and respect for human rights, including une tolérance élargies et un respect accru des droits freedom of religion ; encouraged in particular by de l'homme, dont la liberté de religion ; encoura- the release of a large number of religious prisoners, gée notamment par la libération d'un grand nom- the greater role being accorded the Orthodox bre de détenus pour raisons confessionnelles, par Church in public life and in official ideology, the un plus grand rôle accordé à l'Eglise orthodoxe registration of hitherto illegal groups and dans la vie publique et l'idéologie officielle, par la communities, the restoration of Church property, reconnaissance de groupes et communautés the opening of new churches and the announce- jusqu'à présent hors-la-loi, par la restitution à ment of the building of the first new Russian l'Eglise de ses biens, par l'ouverture de nouvelles Orthodox cathedral in Moscow since the Revol- Eglises et par l'annonce de la construction d'une ution ; cathédrale orthodoxe russe à Moscou pour la pre- mière fois depuis la Révolution ; 5. Noting that, in this the year of the millen- 5. Observant qu'en cette année du millénaire nium of Christianity in Russia, errors in dealing du christianisme en Russie, le Gouvernement with the Church during the Stalin and Brezhnev soviétique reconnaît les erreurs commises vis-à-vis eras have been admitted by the Soviet Govern- de l'Eglise à l'époque de Staline et de Brejnev, ment, but regretting that the Pope, as head of the mais regrettant que le pape en tant que chef de la second largest Christian denomination in the deuxième Eglise chrétienne d'Union Soviétique ne Soviet Union, was not invited to visit the Soviet soit pas invité en Union Soviétique pour participer Union to share in these celebrations ; à la commémoration ; 6. Noting that Article 52 of the Soviet Con- 6. Observant que l'article 52 de la Constitu- stitution guarantees each citizen freedom of con- tion soviétique garantit à tous les citoyens la liberté science, but allows only the conduct of atheist pro- de conscience, mais n'autorise que la propagande paganda, effectively denying the equal promotion athée, déniant en réalité le droit de promouvoir of religious faiths ; that this is reflected in the con- également toutes les croyances religieuses, que ce stitutions of all the other East European countries ; principe se retrouve dans les constitutions de tous and that laws and regulations effectively control les autres pays d'Europe de l'Est, et que les lois et churches and religious organisations, and curtail règlements applicables aux Eglises et aux organisa- the freedom of movement and action for clergy tions confessionnelles restreignent la liberté de and believers, who are subject to regulation and mouvement et d'action du clergé et des croyants control by departments and councils of religion ; soumis à des règlements et à des contrôles par les offices et conseils de religion ; 7. Welcoming, however, recent pronounce- 7. Se félicitant toutefois des déclarations ments that laws governing Church-state relations récentes annonçant la réforme des lois qui gouver- in the Soviet Union are to be reformed, and hop- nent les rapports entre l'Eglise et l'Etat en Union ing that similar reforms in the other East European Soviétique et espérant que des réformes semblables countries will lead to a real and lasting freedom of dans les autres pays d'Europe de l'Est débouche- religion without discrimination, intimidation and ront sur une liberté de religion réelle et durable bureaucratic harassment for all religious believers ; sans discrimination, intimidation et tracasseries bureaucratiques pour les croyants ; 8. Concerned, however, that, despite these 8. Préoccupée cependant par le fait que, trends and the recent release of over 200 prisoners malgré cette orientation et la libération récente de Situation des Eglises et des libertés religieuses en Europe de l'Est Doc. 5944 of conscience in thé Soviet Union, there remain at plus de deux cents personnes détenues en Union least 200 known individuals in labour camps, Soviétique pour leurs convictions religieuses, il en prisons, psychiatric hospitals and in internal exile reste deux cents pour le même motif dans les for their religious beliefs, and many more whose camps de travail, les prisons, les hôpitaux psychia- names are not known ; that there are many re- triques et en exil intérieur et beaucoup d'autres ligious prisoners in Albania, Czechoslovakia, dont on ignore le nom ; qu'il y a beaucoup de Romania, and to a lesser extent in Bulgaria and détenus pour raisons confessionnelles en Albanie, Yugoslavia; and that there remain many im- en Tchécoslovaquie, en Roumanie et, dans une prisoned conscientious objectors to military service moindre mesure, en Bulgarie et en Yougoslavie ; et on religious grounds in Hungary, Poland and que de nombreux objecteurs de conscience pour Yugoslavia ; des motifs religieux sont toujours en prison en Hongrie, en Pologne et en Yougoslavie ; 9.
Recommended publications
  • Program of 13 Th Eurospeleo Forum 26-29 September 2019, Dolni Lozen, Sofia, Bulgaria
    Time 26 September (Thursday) 10:00-11:30 Balkan Hall Opening Ceremony Presentations “90 years of organized speleology in Bulgaria and 45 years of cave rescue in Bulgaria” 11:30-12:30 Break 12:30-13:30 Lunch 13:30-14:00 Free Time Balkan Hall Rhodopi Hall Strandzha Hall Vitosha Hall 14:00-14:30 Gyula Hegedus: History of Symposium “Cave Climate and Cave Protection UIS Cave Rescue Paleoclimate – Best Record of the Commission Global Change IV“ Chairperson: Jean-Claude 14:30-16:00 Cave Exploration & Thies Expeditions Chairpersons: Dr. Y. Shopov, Dr. A. Stoev Ferdinando Didonna: Chairperson: Antoniya Clean Up The Dark – а Vlaykova Yavor Shopov & al.: On the Possibility Proposal for а European to use 13C Speleothem Records for Network for Cave Cleaning Dr. Petar Beron: Bulgarians Determination of Total Freezing of the and Protection in Gouffre Berger – 1969 Ground during Glaciations Matea Talaja and Valerija Boaz Langford & al.: Mehmet Oruç Baykara & al.: The role Butorac: Mapping and Discoveries of new salt of Heinrich 5 climatic event on human valuing karst underground caves at Sedom salt diapir, migration: A high resolution geodiversity in cave Dead-Sea, Israel speleothem record from southern Lokvarka, Croatia Turkey Yoav Negev: The expedition Franc Malečkar: to resurvey the longest salt Stanislav Frančišković-Bilinski & al.: Introduction of cave in the world, Malham Overview of environmental research in schoolchildren to field work cave, Mt Sedom - Israel Croatian karst and its implications for on karst and caves paleoenvironmental reconstructions
    [Show full text]
  • Russia, NATO, and Black Sea Security for More Information on This Publication, Visit
    Russia, NATO, and Black Sea Security Russia, NATO, C O R P O R A T I O N STEPHEN J. FLANAGAN, ANIKA BINNENDIJK, IRINA A. CHINDEA, KATHERINE COSTELLO, GEOFFREY KIRKWOOD, DARA MASSICOT, CLINT REACH Russia, NATO, and Black Sea Security For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RRA357-1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0568-5 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2020 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: Cover graphic by Dori Walker, adapted from a photo by Petty Officer 3rd Class Weston Jones. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface The Black Sea region is a central locus of the competition between Russia and the West for the future of Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Peter Atanasov, 1 Republica Macedonia
    memoria ethnologica nr. 52 - 53 * iulie - decembrie 2014 ( An XIV ) PETER ATANASOV, 1 REPUBLICA MACEDONIA Cuvinte cheie: megleno-români, dialectul megleno-român, bilingvism, căsătorii mixte, extincţia limbii Starea actuală a meglenoromânilor. Meglenoromâna – un idiom pe cale de dispariţie Rezumat În articolul de faţă, autorul descrie cu îngrijorare situaţia actuală a meglenoromânei, unul din cele trei dialecte istorice sud-dunărene ale românei. Meglenoromâna, ca istroromâna, de altfel, este o mică enclavă lingvistică puternic influenţată de limbile cu care a venit în contact de-a lungul secolelor. Acest contact a dus la existenţa unui bilingvism secular care, la rândul lui, a favorizat o puternică influenţă în toate compartimentele dialectului meglenoromân. Dislocarea unei mari părţi a populaţiei (stabilirea în Turcia sau în România), exodul din mediul rural spre cel urban, căsătoriile mixte, lipsa învăţământului în limba română şi multe alte cauze vor duce la dispariţia iminentă a dialectului meglenoromân într-un viitor apropiat. 1 University in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia 30 memoria ethnologica nr. 52 - 53 * iulie - decembrie 2014 ( An XIV ) Key words: Megleno-Romanians, Megleno-Romanian dialect, bilingualism, intermar - riages, language extinction The Current State of Megleno-Romanians. Megleno-Romanian, an Endangered Idiom Summary In his essay, the author focuses on the current situation of Megleno- Romanian, one of the three historical South-Danubian dialects of Romanian. Megleno-Romanian, similarly with Istro-Romanian, is a small linguistic enclave, strongly influenced by other languages it came into contact with during the last centuries. This long-lasting contact strongly influenced all segments of the Megleno-Romanian dialect and led to a century-old bilingualism.
    [Show full text]
  • Regatul Romaniei
    RegatulRomaniei file:///C:/Programele%20Mele/IstorieRomania1/RegatulRomaniei/Regat... Regatul României Visul unirii tuturor românilor sub un singur steag a frământat mințile conducătorilor încă din cele mai vechi timpuri, dar alianțele militare și interesele de ordin comercial nu au fost în favoarea simplificării relațiilor dintre diferitele formațiuni statale. În vechime, țările românești au negociat protecția celor două mari imperii ale romanilor, apoi începând cu secolul al XIII-lea au întreținut legături de prietenie și ajutor mutual cu Polonia și Lituania. Din secolul al XV-lea, ca state vasale Imperiului Otoman dar sub protecția directă a Hanatului Crimeei, s-a pus problema formării unui eyalat turcesc comun. Proiectul a fost însă refuzat cu dârzenie, ca urmare a divergențelor de ordin religios. Ca o soluție de compromis, sultanii au permis independența religioasă a celor trei principate, în schimbul dependenței economice. Situația de criză a intervenit o dată cu revoluția și apoi războiul de independență purtat de greci și sârbi. Sub aripa ocrotitoare a Bisericii Ortodoxe Răsăritene, creștinii din toate țările Balcanice au ridicat la început glasul, apoi armele, cerând vehement ieșirea din situația de compromis religios. Ca rezultat, boierii și dragomanii greci au fost maziliți, iar mănăstirile filiale ale celor de la Muntele Athos au fost secularizate. În urma grecilor au rămas nenumăratele lor rude născute din alianțe cu casele boierești autohtone, practic aproape toată crema boierimii. Pentru a umple vidul administrativ rămas s-a hotărât instituirea unei locotenențe domnești, ajutată de o Adunare Constituantă a fruntașilor celor două țări. În ambele principate, toate sufragiile au fost întrunite în anul 1859 de Colonelul Alexandru Ioan Cuza, cu funcția de Ministru de Război, fost deputat de Galați și fost șef al Miliției de la Dunărea de Jos.
    [Show full text]
  • Modernization Processes in Bulgarian Theatre
    BULGARIAN 20TH CENTURY IN ARTS AND CULTURE БЪЛГАРСКИЯТ XX ВЕК В ИЗКУСТВАТА И КУЛТУРАТА Ingeborg Bratoeva-Darakchieva Irina Genova ИнгеборгClairе Братоева-Даракчиева Levy JoannaИрина Spassova-Dikova Генова Teodora Stoilova-DonchevaКлер Леви ЙоанаStela Спасова-Дикова Tasheva ТеодораElka Стоилова-Дончева Traykova Стела Ташева Елка Трайкова BULGARIANБЪЛГАРСК А АСАDЕMУАКАДЕМИЯ OFНА SCIENCES НАУКИТЕ ИНСТИТУТ INSTITUTEЗА ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ OF ARTНА STUDIESИЗКУСТВАТА ИнститутInstitute за изследване of Art Studies на изкуствата 2019 2019 11 IN MEMORY THE EDITION IS SUPPORTED BY OF ALEXANDER YANAKIEV THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FUND, BULGARIA (CONTRACT NO. ДФНИ-КО2/9 DD. 12.12.2014) NATIONAL SCIENCE NATIONAL SCIENCE FUND – BULGARIA FUND – BULGARIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE BULGARIAN 20th CENTURY IN ARTS AND CULTURE © TEAM, 2019 Scientific editing – Claire Levy, Joanna Spassova-Dikova, Elka Traykova © Editor – Marinelli Dimitrova © Cover – Todorka Draganinska, after the Anna Mihailova‘s painting Nestinarki (Fire Dancers) © Pre-press – Three-Dimensional Prototypes © Institute of Art Studies, Sofia, 2019 ISBN 978-954-8594-77-6 2 3 CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................11 PART ONE UNDER THE SIGN OF MODERN EUROPE (1878–1944) From Traditional Folk Music to the Music of Modernity .........................15 Realism in Bulgarian Literature on the Border of Two Centuries ......................................................................................24
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics Without Borders - Spring 2019 Group 2
    MATHEMATICS WITHOUT BORDERS - SPRING 2019 GROUP 2 Age № Full name of the participant Country City Award group 1 Abdiev Amir Uzbekistan Fergana 2 Certificate 2 Abduhamidov Yunusali Uzbekistan Andijan 2 Silver 3 Abdul Musawer Wali Afghanistan Kabul 2 Silver 4 Abdullaev Imronjon Uzbekistan Fergana 2 Silver 5 Abdullaev Ulugbek Uzbekistan Fergana 2 Certificate 6 Abdulov Alan Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Certificate 7 Abdumavlonov Shohruh Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Certificate 8 Abdurasulova Farangiz Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Certificate 9 Abduraximov Shaxriyor Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Gold 10 Abdusamatova Malika Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Certificate 11 Abubaker Mohammadi Afghanistan Kabul 2 Bronze 12 Ada Ataol Turkey Izmir 2 Certificate 13 Ada Gyonyul Mehmed Bulgaria Provadia 2 Certificate 14 Ada Ozascilar Turkey Izmir 2 Silver 15 Ada Yetkiner Turkey Izmir 2 Bronze 16 Adaliya Aleksandrova Barutchieva Bulgaria Silistra 2 Certificate 17 Adel Vaydin Kachanov Bulgaria Sofia 2 Gold 18 Adelina Desislavova Dankova Bulgaria Panagyurishte 2 Certificate 19 Adelina Dimitrova Georgieva Bulgaria Sofia 2 Silver 20 Adelina Ivaylova Yorgova Bulgaria Sofia 2 Certificate 21 Adelina Radostinova Grozeva Bulgaria Varna 2 Silver 22 Adelina Ventsislavova Koeva Bulgaria Plovdiv 2 Certificate 23 Adelina Vladimirova Ivanova Bulgaria Sofia 2 Certificate 24 Adem Fikret Adil Bulgaria Aytos 2 Bronze 25 Adhamov Abduazim Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Certificate 26 Adhamov Ahmad Uzbekistan Tashkent 2 Silver 27 Adis Plamenov Petrov Bulgaria Ruse 2 Certificate 28 Adreana Andreanova Georgieva Bulgaria Bourgas
    [Show full text]