Rewitalizacja Podziemnej Trasy Turystycznej W Przemyślu W Latach 2009–2014

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Rewitalizacja Podziemnej Trasy Turystycznej W Przemyślu W Latach 2009–2014 NAUKA SCIENCE Grażyna Stojak* Rewitalizacja Podziemnej Trasy Turystycznej w Przemyślu w latach 2009–2014. Część I. Stan badań i literatura Revitalisation of the Underground Tourist Route in Przemyśl in the years 2009–2014. Part I. State of research and literature Słowa kluczowe: rewitalizacja, podziemia, badania Key words: revitalisation, underground, architektoniczne, trasa turystyczna, kolektor, architectonic research, tourist route, collector sewer, kamienice tenement houses 1. WPROWADZENIE 1. INTRODUCTION W latach 2009–2014 przeprowadzono rewitalizację In the years 2009–2014, the revitalisation was carried dwukondygnacyjnych piwnic oraz odcinka kolektora out of two-storey cellars and a section of the collector sanitarnego biegnącego pod Rynkiem, z przeznacze- sewer running beneath the Market Square meant to niem na Podziemną Trasę Turystyczną. Był to I etap become the Underground Tourist Route. It was the 1st prac, których plan został opracowany w 2001 roku stage of work the plan of which was prepared in 2001, w ramach współpracy samorządu miejskiego Przemy- within the cooperation between the Przemyśl municipal śla ze specjalistami z Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej authorities and specialists from the University of Sci- w Krakowie1. Po wykonaniu prac projektowych według ence and Technology in Krakow1. After the project wcześniejszych koncepcji, w 2010 roku rozpoczęto work was completed in accordance with the previous realizację wieloaspektowej inwestycji, polegającej concept, the realisation of the multi-aspect investment na kompleksowej konserwacji murów piwnic pod involving complex conservation of the cellar walls under budynkiem magistratu w Rynku 1, a także odcinka the magistrate building at 1 Market Square1, as well as zabytkowego kolektora sanitarnego. Było to duże wy- a section of the historic collector sewer, commenced in zwanie naukowe, projektowe, inżynieryjne i logistycz- 2010. It was a considerable scientifi c, designing, engi- ne. Zostało zakończone odbiorem prac w 2014 roku neering and logistic challenge. The work was completed i oddaniem do użytku Podziemnej Trasy Turystycznej. and accepted in the year 2014, and the Underground Wszystkie prace prowadzone w latach 2009–2014 były Tourist Route was open for the public. All the work uzgadniane w Wojewódzkim Urzędzie Ochrony Za- carried out in the years 2009–2014 was consulted in the bytków w Przemyślu i były prowadzone pod nadzorem Voivodeship Monument Protection Offi ce in Przemyśl dr Grażyny Stojak, autorki niniejszego opracowania2. and was supervised by dr Grażyna Stojak, the author of Wszystkie prace były fi nansowane z dwóch źródeł: ze this study2. All the work was fi nanced from two sources: środków Wojewódzkiego Podkarpackiego Konserwa- from the fi nancial resources of the Podkarpacie Voivode- tora Zabytków w Przemyślu oraz Gminy Miejskiej ship Monument Conservator in Przemyśl and the Mu- Przemyśl. Zostały wykonane przez Firmę ORION nicipality of Przemyśl. It was carried out by the ORION * dr, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski * dr, Rzeszow University Cytowanie / Citation: Stojak G. Revitalisation of the Underground Tourist Route in Przemyśl in the years 2009–2014. Part I. State of research and literature. Wiadomosci Konserwatorskie – Journal of Heritage Conservation 2017;52:96-110 Otrzymano / Received: 3.07.2017 • Zaakceptowano / Accepted: 20.07.2017 doi:10.17425/WK52PRZEMYSL Praca dopuszczona do druku po recenzjach Article accepted for publishing after reviews 96 Wiadomości Konserwatorskie • Journal of Heritage Conservation • 52/2017 z dużym osobistym zaangażowaniem w prace restau- Company with considerable personal involvement in ratorskie Macieja Piórkowskiego, właściciela fi rmy. the restoration work on the part of Maciej Piórkowski, Bieżący nadzór konserwatorski prowadził Stanisław the company owner. Current conservation supervision Sęk, a konsultacje naukowe i archeologiczne prof. dr was conducted by Stanisław Sęk, while scientifi c and hab. Zbigniew Pianowski z Uniwersytetu Rzeszow- archaeological consultation – by Prof. dr hab. Zbigniew skiego. Należy podkreślić wysoką jakość wykonanych Pianowski from Rzeszow University. The high quality prac budowlano-konserwatorskich oraz osobisty wkład of building and conservation work as well as personal M. Piórkowskiego w cały proces rewitalizacji. involvement of M. Piórkowski in the whole process of revitalisation should be emphasised. 2. STAN BADAŃ ZESPOŁU KAMIENIC PRZYRYNKOWYCH W PRZEMYŚLU 2. STATE OF RESEARCH OF THE PO II WOJNIE ŚWIATOWEJ – ZARYS COMPLEX OF MARKET SQUARE TENEMENT HOUSES IN PRZEMYŚL 2.1. Prace publikowane AFTER WORLD WAR II – OUTLINE i niepublikowane – wybór 2.1. Published and unpublished Działania wojenne, które miały miejsce podczas works – selection pierwszej i drugiej wojny światowej, doprowadziły do dewastacji miejskiej zabudowy Przemyśla, w tym Military activities which took place during World w dzielnicy śródmiejskiej. W latach 50. XX wieku do- War I and II, led to the devastation of the city buildings chodziło do katastrof budowlanych i licznych uszkodzeń in Przemyśl, including the town centre. During the zabytkowych kamienic, co wiązało się ze stałym podej- 1950s there occurred construction disasters and frequent mowaniem ich zabezpieczania oraz częstych napraw. damage to historic tenement houses, which resulted in Wówczas władze miejskie rozpoczęły nawiązywanie the constant necessity to protect and repair them. Then kontaktów ze specjalistami z różnych dziedzin związa- the town authorities began to contact specialists from nych z budownictwem i architekturą. Pomimo złego various disciplines related to building industry and ar- stanu technicznego zabudowy Starego Miasta wielu chitecture. Despite poor technical condition of buildings naukowców doceniało jego piękno. in the Old Town, many scientists appreciated its beauty. Pierwszą po II wojnie światowej syntetyczną pu- After World War II, the fi rst synthetic publication blikacją o zabudowie przemyskiego Rynku był artykuł about the buildings on the Market Square in Przemyśl Stanisława Żaryna pt. Kamienice Przemyśla, który ukazał was the article by Stanisław Żaryn, entitled Tenement się w „Kwartalniku Architektury i Urbanistyki” w 1956 Houses in Przemyśl, which appeared in the “Architecture roku3. Autor, z zawodu architekt, urbanista i kon- and Urban Design Quarterly” in 19563. Its author, by serwator zabytków architektury, rozpoczął dyskusję profession an architect, urban designer and conservator o topografi i przemyskiego rynku, kształcie działek i ich of architecture monuments, initiated a discussion on the zabudowie. Wysunął on szereg hipotez, które zostały topography of the Przemyśl Market Square, the shape of podjęte przez kolejnych badaczy. Jednym z pierwszych plats and their building development. He put forward był głos G. Krupińskiego, autora artykułu pt. Rynek several hypotheses which were then examined by sub- przemyski i jego kamienice, który ukazał się w „Roczniku sequent researchers. One of the fi rst was G. Krupiński, Przemyskim” w 1962 roku4. the author of an article entitled Przemyśl Market Square W związku z przygotowaniami do obchodów ty- and its Surroundings, which was published in the “Rocznik siąclecia państwa polskiego nasiliło się prowadzenie Przemyski” in the year 19624. badań architektonicznych i archeologicznych przez In connection with preparations to celebrate one różne ośrodki naukowe, szczególnie na przełomie thousand years of the Polish state, architectonic and lat 50. i 60. XX wieku. Główna uwaga badaczy, m.in. archaeological research carried out in various scientifi c z Ośrodka Archeologicznego w Rzeszowie, była centres intensifi ed, particularly at the turn of the 1950s / skoncentrowana na Wzgórzu Zamkowym i Wzgórzu 1960s. The attention of scientists from e.g. Archaeologi- Trzech Krzyży, prowadzono także badania archeolo- cal Centre in Rzeszow was focused mainly on the Castle giczne w obrębie Starego Miasta5. Naukowe prace Hill and the Hill of Three Crosses, and archaeological badawcze w zakresie historii architektury przemyskich excavations were also carried out within the Old Town5. kamienic prowadził Józef Tomasz Frazik, późniejszy Scientifi c research work in the fi eld of history of archi- profesor Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Kra- tecture of tenement houses in Przemyśl was conducted kowskiej, wraz z żoną, Renatą Frazikową, będącą by Józef Tomasz Frazik, later a professor at the Faculty z wykształcenia architektem i historykiem sztuki6. of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology, with Państwo Frazikowie są autorami wielu dokumentacji his wife Renata Frazikowa, an architect and art historian historyczno-architektonicznych, specjalistycznych by profession6. The Fraziks are authors of numerous opinii, inwentaryzacji oraz opracowań opubliko- historic-architectonic documentations, expert opinions, wanych, jak i niepublikowanych, pozostawionych inventories and studies both published and unpublished, w formie notatek i maszynopisów7. left in the form of notes and typescripts7. Wiadomości Konserwatorskie • Journal of Heritage Conservation • 52/2017 97 W połowie lat 60. XX wieku zostały przeprowadzone przez J.T.Frazika badania architektoniczne kamienicy Rynek 11, które opublikowano kilka lat później8. W 1971 roku ukazały się Wybrane materiały archiwalne do dziejów najstarszych kamienic Przemyśla (umowy, rachunki i opisy z XVI i pocz. XVII wieku)9. Dzięki przeprowadzo- nej wielowątkowej kwerendzie archiwalnej zostały roze- znane stosunki własnościowe poszczególnych kamienic przyrynkowych. Na początku lat 70. XX
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