Football and National Identity in Hong Kong and Mainland China
The Hong Kong Anthropologist Volume 1, 2007 Football and National Identity in Hong Kong and Mainland China CHAN Kwan Hang, Brooklyn1 Introduction Ernest Gellner believed in today’s world that, “a man must have a nationality as he must have a nose and two ears”. (Billig quoting Gellner 1983: 6) Hong Kong, with its history of being a British Crown Colony from 1898 to 1997, nationality doesn’t come as naturally as Gellner suggested. Residents often convey a weak sense of belonging towards their state, China. This can be seen from the majority of Hong Kong people paying phlegmatic attention to the 1997 handover as the “joy” of returning to the Motherland was shared by only a handful. Some even anticipated adverse prospects in Hong Kong. Fearing the worst, many chose to emigrate. Seven years on, significant change of hearts is still inexistent as today Chinese National Day is still rather overlooked and given the cold-shoulder in Hong Kong (local schools have the option to decide rather they celebrate National Day and most opt not to); and more obviously some people refuse or feel peculiar to call themselves “Chinese”. Seemingly Hong Kong people make little identification with their state, China. However when Yao Ming, a Chinese basketball player of Houston Rockets, visited Hong Kong in 2003 and 2005, stadiums were filled with enthusiastic audience attending a seminar about “Distinguished Chinese”; considerate support was given to China as the team played in the finals of the 2002 World Cup. How does that happen? Why doesn’t the identification persist and expand to other areas? Archetti once said, “Nationalism must be conceived as a cognitive and social arena marked by obligations and not by selfish consideration” (Giulianotti, Williams 1994: 227) This will bring us to the central question I wish to answer in this project.
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