Butterflies of Southern Greece

Butterflies Of Southern Greece

Naturetrek Tour Report 25th June - 2nd July 2005

Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 0NG England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Tour Leaders Toby Abrehart Dave Green

Participants Richard Pooley Mike Harford Philip Delve Lucy Delve John Houghton Helen Houghton Shirley King Lawrie King David Howat Dave Crawley Jill Crawley Ken Knowles Barbara Knowles Keith Harris

Day 1

After an eventful time in Heathrow the group eventually arrived at Athens in the late evening. Quickly dispatched to get some food and drink, we then set off for the three hour drive up to the mountain resort of Kalavrita, in the northern Pelopennese. Once there everyone quickly went off to bed at about 12.30am.

Day 2

Kalavrita

After our breakfast we set off at around 9.30am after finding our first few butterflies near the buses. Namely a Large Tortoiseshell and a Lattice Brown - a nice start to the trip. Once in the buses our half hour drive to the plateau below Mount Chelmos gave us all a chance to see the area for the first time, daylight helping a lot! Our first stop at the pond and its meadows was very productive with many Black-veined Whites, the occasional Greek Clouded Yellow, many Blues to get to grips with and a good scattering of Skippers including a couple of Hungarian Skippers. With a cloudless sky and the rich diversity of butterflies it was a great way to start. Another of our stops found us with more Eschers , Greek Mazarine and many Silver-studded Blues.

After this walk we set off to our lunch spot, a leaking water trough. With a lovely Greek lunch laid out, the group set off finding what they could. Dozens of Silver-studded Blues with the odd Osiris and a brief Chelmos Blue. This being one of the endemics of the mountain, unfortunately only a few saw it as it flew off. Also gracing us were the odd Camberwell Beauty, numerous Clouded Apollos and an Eastern Dappled White. Above the lunch spot a juvenile Rock Thrush was seen together with a brief glimpse of a Tawny Pipit and plenty of Red-backed Shrikes - a bird we were all going to become very familiar with during the week. Before returning to our hotel, we stopped at the ski slopes where we saw a Lesser-spotted Fritillary and an Adonis Blue. Our last stop was back at the pond with

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

a brief Nettle-tree Butterfly and a Mountain Small White. Then back to the Hotel for a refreshing beer and then supper.

Day 3 Kalavrita An early morning walk to the river to look for birds, Nightingales were seen, Cetti’s Warblers calling, a Penduline Tit hiding in the willows, and a Great Reed Warbler singing in the reeds towards the bridge where we saw Red-rumped Swallows - a nice morning’s start. A gathering of Beautiful Demoiselles near the river were sunning themselves and the butterflies were slow to move.

After a check of the moth trap with various Catacalids etc…….we set off for our morning’s amble to head south into Epano Kambos. Walking from a puddle up the slope, the butterflies were hard to find as the wind was increasing but the birds provided a good alternative. Family parties of Spanish Sparrows, a few Red-backed, Woodchat and Lesser Grey Shrikes binkering about in the scattered trees. A brief view of a Sombre Tit, then a fabulous view of a male Black-headed Bunting, followed by a displaying pair of Long-legged Buzzards. Not a bad start for day of wildlife watching. Eyes down for a few minutes gave us a Saga pedo large green grasshopper. With the wind continuing we headed off to our lunch spot. In the shelter of the valley there were at last good numbers of butterflies for us to get our teeth into. We set off to the river and a very productive lick site which included dozens of Small Whites, Common Blues, the odd Persian Skipper, Eastern Wood Whites, Silver-washed Fritillaries, Great- banded Grayling, Nettle-tree Butterflies, a Grecian Copper, a couple of Anomalous Blues and much more. Once all the butterflies had been scared off by the photographers, the group assembled for another special Greek lunch! All around the site treasures were being found - many Silver-washed Fritilleries at the bridge, Purple and Ilex Hairstreaks and a few Southern White Admirals.

A little after lunch we had a last wander upstream but, not for long, as we all were affected by the wind-borne fur off the Oriental Plane trees. A soothing cool drink was needed, so off to Planitero, the source of the Aroanios River. Welcome shade and a drink was aided by the gentle rushing of the river below us. More to see with Lattice Browns, a few Large Tortoiseshells and a female Golden-ringed Dragonfly - Cordulegaster picta - ovipositing in the first gushings of the river. As time was getting on it was off to the plateaux. A track took us into a very productive area of meadows and fields with a wide range of species of all insects with a stunning large female grasshopper that fitted nicely in the hand (as yet no name sorry).

Back to the hotel late afternoon for a refreshing drink and supper.

Day 4 Kalavrita An early morning walk by the river mainly to see what birds were around. They didn’t disappoint - Red-rumped Swallows, a calling Wryneck and a singing Great Reed Warbler. The best sight was the thousands of red winged grasshoppers Calliptamus italicus and a fine Long-tailed Blue. Back for breakfast and then after the excitement of the previous evening’s moth trapping, we headed out for our morning along the river, after plenty of moth photography

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

we set off slowly. There were many Eschers Blues and a lot of Ilex Hairstreaks around the Quercus coccifera, further on we had a pair of Anomalous Blues and some Balkan Marbled Whites.

As time was cracking on we set off for our lunch spot out on the plateau. As lunch was being prepared everyone disappeared into different directions coming back with various finds like a colony of Blue-spot Hairstreaks. Later as we walked along the track we saw a wide selection of species already seen plus a couple of Sloe Hairstreaks, Eastern Bath Whites and some very obliging Great Banded Graylings. With our water running out, the spring beckoned, so once there filling our water bottles, a Ripart’s Anomalous Blue showed very well giving us all great views. Then off to our final part of the day back to the pond up the mountain. With the sun moving off, we got to grips with the few skippers and blues around. A Rock Bunting was drinking from a leaking spring and a Southern Swallowtail flew by quickly. Back to the hotel for our last meal and with time to pack for the next day.

Day 5 Kalavrita - Arachova Change over day so our last look at the Brimstones and Cleopatras on the Jasmine. Once loaded, we set off at 8.30am to the coast at Egio and our ferry. Having arrived in plenty of time for a relaxing coffee, we then settled on our ferry for the 45 minute journey across the Gulf of Corinth. A short drive took us to a beach to have a chance to refresh ourselves in the sea. Over half of us took great pleasure in this as it was about 37ºC at the time. The rest of the party wandered off unfortunately finding little, except a few Sardinian Warblers and the odd Rock Nuthatch. After this, lunch was had in a taverna in Galaxidi, very nice with the accompanying Lesser Kestrels and view over the harbour.

After lunch a short walk into the woods, the heat was draining and we found little except for a very nice Freyer’s Grayling. The cool of the mountain was beckoning so off to Arachova we went. Dropping everyone off at the comfortable Santa Marina Hotel, some of us then set off for an evening walk behind the town. This proved very productive with us finding 30 species in 1 ½ hours, including Grecian Grayling, Oriental Meadow Brown and the odd Black Sooty Satyr. A good end to a long day, supper was very welcome and we all retired to our rooms.

Day 6 Arachova Moths were the start of the day after a good nights trapping, then off for our day up Mount Parnassos. Our first scheduled stop was a small thistle patch which, to everyone’s surprise, produced a continual flow of good species, starting off with some fine Cardinals and Silver-washed Fritillaries. Many blues including a fine female Meleager’s Blue, a good scattering of other species including a Southern Grayling. After a while we set off to the ephemeral pond higher up the mountain, which unfortunately was nearly dry, this so, we managed to find Twin-spot, High Brown, Heath, Queen of Spain and Dark Green Fritillaries. Lower down the slope were some seven species of Helleborines, including two endemics to Greece. It was lovely to look through the valley to see the whole group off discovering there own special little finds. Then as time progressed lunch was in our minds.

By now we were on the slopes of Mount Parnassos, the sun beating down but a pleasant breeze blowing on us. Butterflies were around but difficult to see as they whizzed past, but Balkan Copper was a fine one. A party of

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Alpine Choughs with accompanying Black Redstarts gave a good display across the valley. Mount Parnassos being well known for butterflies also has a very rich endemic flora too. Alas too little time for proper exploration of the higher slopes but a few good species were found, Campanula rupicola, C.aizoon with some bright pink Geranium tuberosum and the pink Geranium macrorrhizum. After a wander looking for very small butterflies we set off to another spring. Once we’d filled our water bottles, a few good butterflies were spotted including Hungarian Skipper, Eastern Baton Blue and Lesser Fiery Coppers, with these a couple of fabulous Orthetrum ramburi chasers entertained us. After a bit of shade, our last stop of the day was in the valley bottom, where a small spring crossed the road so out we popped to find Osiris, Mazarine, Ripart’s Anomalous and Adonis Blues for a good start. A little walk later we stopped for the day and headed back to Arachova.

Day 7 Arachova Off to Delphi this morning getting there by 9am having about three hours to our leisure at the site. It was very hot and humid, we all felt it today, but early on we all got to see a couple of fabulous Grass Jewels, the smallest European butterfly but very distinctive in flight and very beautiful when seen up close. It was one of the highlights of the trip for many, and in such a fantastic setting what could be better. After this we all wandered off finding Marbled White, Balkan Copper and various Graylings. From the ruins many Rock Nuthatches and a few Blue Rock Thrushes called and showed well, often to within a few feet, to accompany this were a party of chattering Alpine Swifts. Back near the buses at the Castalian Spring were a few Kreuper’s Small White, White-banded Grayling and Tree Grayling were flitting about in the damp shade of the morning.

As we were heating up it was back to the hotel for some and a taverna lunch, the rest of us went for lunch on the plateau of Mount Parnassos. Some welcome shade and a good lunch preceded a walk to the rim of the valley with great views towards Galaxidi and later towards Arachova, no new species here but plenty of opportunity for a catch up on missed species of bird and butterfly. The odd Sombre Tit was still around as were a few Graylings, a Ripart’s Anomalous Blue and a few Black Sooty Satyrs. After this we settled into our hotel for the evening, in preparation for packing for our return to the airport the next day.

Day 8 Arachova We were all packed promptly and set off in plenty of time, good news as Olympic Airlines had decided in their wisdom to move the flight back by nearly 5 hours, well, plenty of food and a bit of drink later and we were off to London.

Report compiled by Toby Abrehart

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Bird list

Common name Scientific name Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 2 Mallard Anas platyrhnchos Several Sparrowhawk Accipter nisus 2 1 1 Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 1 2 1 2 1 several Lesser Kesrel Falco naumanni 30+ Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus 2 3 1 2 Chukar Alectoris chukar 1 Quail Coturnix coturnix Heard Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans Lots 5 Few Lesser black-backed Gull Larus fuscus 2 Woodpigeon Columba palumbus 1 Feral Pigeon Columba livia Few Few Few Few Few Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto Few Few Few Few Few Few Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur 1 Scops Owl Otus scops Heard 1 H Alpine Swift Apus melba 2 15+ Pallid Swift Apus pallidus Few Few Few Few Common Swift Apus apus Few Lots lots lots Hoopoe Upupa epops 1 1 Wryneck Jynx torquilla Heard 2 seen Great-spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus major 1 Green Woodpecker Picus viridus Heard Heard Woodlark Lullula arborea Few 1 Crested Lark Galerida cristata 5+ Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris Lots 2+ Sand Martin Riparia riparia Few Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica Few Few Few Few Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Few Few Few Few Few Few House Martin Delchon urbica Few Few Few Few Few Few Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris 1 White Wagtail Motacilla alba 2 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 1 2 6 Dunnock Prunella modularis 1 Robin Erithacus rubecula 1 Heard Nightingale Luscinia megarhnochos Few 3 Few Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros 1 1 lots Stonechat Saxicola torquata Few Few Few Few Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe Few 1 Few Few Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica 1 3 1 Few

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Common name Scientific name Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius heard Few Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis juvenile Blackbird Turdus merula Few Few Few Few Few Few Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus Few Few 3 Cetti’s Warbler Cettia cetti Few Few Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus 1 1 1 Sub-alpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans 3 1 3 heard Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala 1 1 Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis 1 Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis 2 2 1 Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla 1 2 2 Eastern Bonelli’s Warbler Phylloscopus bonelli Heard Heard Goldcrest Regulus regulus 1 Firecrest Regulus ignicapillus heard 1 1 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata 2 3 Blue Tit Parus caeruleus 2 Few Great Tit Parus major 2 Few 1 1 Sombre Tit Parus lugubris 3 2 2 Coal Tit Parus ater Heard 2 Few Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus Few Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus Heard Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea 1 Rock Nuthatch Sitta neumayer 3 Few Lots Short-toed Treecreeper Certia brachydactyla Heard Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio Few 1 2 5 2 Few Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator 5 1 1 Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor 4 1 Magpie Pica pica Few Few Few 1 Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandularius 1 2 Few 1 3 1 Western Jackdaw Corvus monedula 2 Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 40+ 40+ 40+ Alpine Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus 40+ Common Raven Corvus corax 2 1 Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix Lots Lots Lots Lots lots lots Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 1 House Sparrow Passer domesticus Few Few Few Few Few Few Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis 8 6 Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus Heard Rock Sparrow Petronia petriona 1 Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs Few Few Few Few Few Few Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina Few Few Few Few Few Few Eurasian Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Few Few Few Few Few Few

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Common name Scientific name Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris 1 Few Few Few Few Few European Serin Serinus serinus Few Few Few Few Few Few Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus Few Few Few Few Few Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala 1 male Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra Few Few Few 1 Rock Bunting Emberiza cia 2 2 3 1

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Plant list

Scientific name Common name Scientific name Common name

PTERIDOPHYTA Ferns and Fern Allies Urticaceae Urtica dioica Common Nettle Equisetaceae Urtica dubia Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail Parietaria officinalis Pellitory-of-the-wall Equisetum telmateia Giant Horsetail Santalaceae Dennstaediceae Bracken Family Thesium humifusum Bastard Toadflax Pteridium aquilinum Bracken sp

Aspleniaceae Spleenwort Family Amaranthaceae Asplenium ceterach Rusty-back Fern Amaranthus alba White Pigweed Amaranthus Pigweed GYMNOSPERMAE CONIFERS retroflexus

Pinaceae Pine Family Anacardiaceae Sumach Family Abies cephalonica Greek fir Pistacia lentiscus Mastic Tree Pinus pinea Umbrella Pine Pistacia terebinthus Turpentine tree Pinus nigra Black Pine Rhus coriaria Sumach

Cupressaceae Juniper Family Molluginaceae Cupressus Italian Cypress Gallium verum Lady’s Bedstraw sempervirens Galium mollugo Hedge Bedstraw Juniperus oxycedrus Prickly Juniper Galium rotundifolium Juniperus phoenicea Phoenicean Juniper Valantia hispida Juniperus foetissima Stinking Juniper Juniperus excelsa Grecian Juniper Caryophyllaceae Pink family Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Mouse-ear ANGIOSPERMAE FLOWERING PLANTS Cerastium Dicotyledones candisissimum Salicaceae Saponaria bellidifolia Salix alba White Willow Saponaria calabrica Saloix purpurea Purple Willow Petrorhagia illyrica Salix caprea Goat Willow Petrorhagia velutina Silene gigantea Juglandaceae Silene italica Italian Catchfly Juglans regalis Walnut Silene congesta Silene vulgaris Bladder Campion Corylaceae Stellaria media Common Chickweed Corylus avellana Hazel Agrostemma githago Corncockle Dianthus armeria Deptford Pink Fagaceae Dianthus serratifolius Quercus coccifera Kermes Oak Dianthus deltoides Maiden Pink Quercus ilex Holm Oak Quercus frainetto Hungarian Oak Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family Helleborus Greek Hellebore Ulmaceae cyclophyllus Ulmus glabra Nigella damascena Love-in-a-mist Adonis annua Pheasant’s-eye Moraceae Adonis flammea Morus nigra Common Mulberry Consolida orientalis Larkspur Ficus carica Fig Clematis vitalba Traveller’s Joy Clematis flammula Fragrant Clematis

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Scientific name Common name

Ranunculus bulbatus Grossulariaceae Ranunculus ficaria Lesser Celandine Ribes uva-crispa Gooseberry Ranunculus psilostachys Pittosporaceae Pittosporum Family Ranunculus Pittosporum tobira millefoliatus Ranunculus muricatus Rough-fruited Plantanaceae Buttercup Platanus orientalis Oriental Plane

Papaveraceae Poppy Family Rosaceae Rose Family Fumaria capreolata Ramping Fumitory Eriobotrya japonica Japanese Loquat Fumaria officinalis Common Fumitory Prunus dulcis Almond Papaver dubium Long-headed Poppy Prunus spinosa Sloe Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy Prunus cocomilia Papaver nigrotinctum Prunus prostrata Papaver setiferum Pyrus amygdaliformis Almond-leaved Pear Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy Rubus sanctus Bramble Legousia speculum- Venus’s-looking-glass Sarcopoterium Thorny Burnet veneris spinosum Sanguisorba minor Salad Burnet Capparidaceae Potentilla rupestris Rock Cinquefoil Capparis spinosa Caper Potentilla inclinata Crataegus pycnoloba Cruciferae Cress Family # Aethionema saxatile Burnt Candytuft Crataegus heldrechii Alysoides utricularia Ptilotrichium Leguminosae Pea Family cylocarpum Acacia dealbata Aubrieta deltoidea Aubrieta Acacia cyanophylla Brassica cretica Albizzia julibrissin Biscutella didyma Biscutella Anagyris foetida Bean Trefoil Capsella bursa- Shepherd’s Purse Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch pastoris Astragalus creticus Cardaria draba Hoary Cress Astragalus parnassi Cheiranthus cheiri Wallflower Astragalus hamosus Crithmum maritimum Rock Samphire Astragalus depressus Clypeola jonthlaspi Astragalus Eruca sativa Eruca angustifolius Erucaria hispanica Spanish Mustard Colutea arborescens Bladder Siena Malcolmia flexuosa Sea Stock Calycotome villosa Hairy Thorny Broom Malcolmia bicolor Cercis siliquastrum Judas Tree Matthiola incana ssp Coronilla scorpioides Annual Scorpion Vetch incana Dorycnium Mycelis muralis pentaphyllum Sinapsis arvensis Charlock Genista acanthoclada Spiny Broom Sisymbrium officinale Hymenocarpus Disc Trefoil Thlaspi graecum circinnatus Lathyrus grandiflora Crassulaceae Stonecrop Family Lathyrus cicera Sedum acre Biting Stonecrop Lathyrus clymenum Sedum tenuifolium Lathyrus ochrus Sedum album White Stonecrop Lathyrus setifolius Sedum rubens Reddish Stonecrop Lathyrus sphaericus Umbilicus horizontalis Medicago arabica Spotted Medick Umbilicus rupestris Navelwort Medicago arborea Tree Medick Medicago lupulina Black Medick

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Scientific name Common name

Medicago orbicularis Large Disc Medick Citrus limon Lemon Medicago rigidula Citrus sinensis Orange Ononis spinosa Ononis viscosa Meliaceae Onobrychis caput-galli Cockscomb Sainfoin Melia azedarach Indian Bean Tree Psoralea bituminosa Pitch Trefoil Robinia pseudoacacia False Acacia Polygalaceae Milk-wort Family Spartium junceum Spanish Broom Polygala venulosa Eastern Milkwort Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil Polygala subuniflora Trifolium repens White Clover Polygala supina Trifolium scabrum Trifolium stellatum Starry Clover Anacardiaceae Trifolium tomentosum Woolly Clover Pistacia lenticus Mastic Tree Trifolium uniflorum Trigonella balansae Aceraceae Maple Family Vicia lutea Yellow Vetch Acer hyrcanum Balkan Maple Vicia sativa Common Vetch Acer sempervivens Vicia villosa Fodder Vetch Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family Geraniaceae Geranium Family Rhamnus alternus Mediterranean Erodium cicutarium Common Stork’s-bill Buckthorn Erodium gruinum Long-beaked Stork’s- Rhamnus alpinus bill Rhamnus saxatilis Erodium malacoides Soft Stork’s-bill Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane’s-bill Vitaceae Geranium luicdum Shining Crane’s-bill Vitus vinifera Vine Geranium molle Dove’s-foot Crane’s- bill Malvaceae Mallow Family Geranium purpureum Little Robin Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Hibiscus Geranium Round-leaved Alcea pallida Eastern Holyhock rotundifolium Crane’s-bill Lavatera cretica Cretan Mallow Geranium Malva cretica macrorrhizum Malva parviflora Least Mallow Geranium tuberosum Tuberous Geranium Malva sylvestris Common Mallow

Zygophyllaceae Thymelaeaceae Daphne Family Tribulus terrestris Maltese Cross Daphne oleoides Daphne sericea Linaceae Flax Family Daphne blagayana Linum arboreum Shrubby Flax Linum bienne Pale Flax Hypericaceae Linum aroanium Hypericum empetrifolium Euphorbiaceae Hypericum rumeliacum Euphorbia dendroides Tree Spurge Euphorbia Greek Spiny Spurge Violaceae Violet Family acanthothamnos Viola chelmea Chemlos Violet Euphorbia characias Large Mediterranean Spurge Cistaceae Rockrose Family Euphorbia rigida Narrow-leaved Cistus incana Glaucous Spurge Cistus salvifolius Euphorbia hernariifolia Helianthemum Andrachne nummularium telephioides Helianthemum apenninum Rutaceae Rue Family Helianthemum canum

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Scientific name Common name

Anchusa officinalis Cucurbitaceae Cerinthe major Ecballium elaterium Squirting Cucumber Cerinthe retorta Cynoglossum creticum Blue Hound’s Tongue Cactaceae Echium italicum Pale Bugloss Opuntia ficus-indica Prickly Pear Echium vulgare Viper’s Bugloss Helitropium Heliotrope Umbelliferae Carrot Family europaeum Apium nodiflorum Fool’s Water-cress Onosma frutescens Conium maculatum Hemlock Bupleurum lancifolium Verbenaceae Rorippa Verbena officinalis Vervain Daucus carota Wild Carrot Vitex agnus- castus Chaste Tree Eryngium amethystinum Labiatae Eryngium campestre Field Eryngo Ballota acetabulosa Eryngium creticum Small-headed Blue Ballota Eryngo pseudodictamnus Ferula communis Giant Fennel Lamium garganicum Foeniculum vulgare Fennel Marrubium cylleneum Opopanax chironium Marrubium velutinum Scandix ectin-veneris Shepherd’s Needle Micromeria juliana Micromeria Smyrnium orphanidis Micromeria nervosa Smyrnium perfoliatum Perfoliate Alexanders Nepeta parassica Tordylium apulum Tordylium Phlomis fruticosa Jerusalem Sage Torilis leptophylla Upright Hedge-parsley Phlomis lanata Torilis purpurea Phlomis samia Prasium majus Primulaceae Prasium majus Prasium Lysmachia Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary atropurpurescens Salvia fruticosa Three-leaved Sage Salvia sclarea Clary Plumbaginaceae Thrift Family Salvia verbenacea Wild Clary Limonium sinuatum Winged Sea-lavender Satureja thymbra Acantholimon Spiny Thrift Sideritis clandestina androsaceum Sideritis curvidens Stachys cretica Oleaceae Ash Family Stachys spinosa Fraxinus ornus Manna Ash Stachys swainsonii Olea europaea Olive Teucrium polium Thymus capitatus Shrubby Thyme Molluginaceae Thymus longicaulis Gallium verum Lady’s Bedstraw Thymus praecox Galium mollugo Hedge Bedstraw Thymus pulegioides Galium rotundifolium Mentha sp Valantia hispida Solanaceae Potato Family Convolvulaceae Hyoscyamus albus White Henbane Ipomea purpurea Morning Glory Nicotiana glauca Shrub Tobacco Convolvulus Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade althaeoides Datura stamonium Thorn-apple Convolvulus cantabrica Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family Bellardia trixago Bellardia Boraginaceae Cymbalaria muralis Ivy-leaved Toadflax Alkanna graeca Misopates orontium Lesser Snapdragon

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Scientific name Common name

Parentucellia latifolia Southern Bartsia Campanula topaliana Parentucellia viscosa Yellow Bartsia Campanula aizoon Scrophularia lucida Legousia hybrida Chaenorhinum minus Legousia speculum- Verbascum olympicum veneris Verbascum sinuatum Verbascum delphicum Compositae Veronica anagallis- Blue Water Speedwell Bellis annua aquatica Bellis sylvestris Veronica cymbalaria Cymbalaria-leaved Phagnalon graecum Speedwell Dittrichia viscosa Veronica hederifolia Ivy-leaved Speedwell Pallens spinosa Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Anthemis arvensis Speedwell Achillia umbellata Doronicum columnae Acanthaceae Senecio thapsoides Acanthus spinosus Spiny Bear’s Breach Echinops sphaerocephalus Orobanchaceae Broomrape Family Xeranthum annuum Orobanche rapum- Jurinea mollis genistea Carduus Orobanche minor pycnocephalus Orobanche alba Carduus tmoleus Orobanche gracilis Notobasis syriaca Cirsium candelabrum Plantaginaceae Plantain Family Crupina crupinastrum Plantago coronopus Buck’s-horn Plantain Centurea solstitialis Plantago lagopus Centurea salonitana Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain Centurea calcitrapa Plantago major Greater Plantain Centurea cyanus Scolymus hispanicus Caprifoliaceae Scolymus maculatus Sambucus nigra Cichorium intybus Sambucuc ebulus Urospermum Lonicera xyloteum dalechampii Lonicera Tragopogon crocifera peryclymenum Tragopogon balcanicus Valarianaceae Valerian Family Tragopogon pratensis Centranthus calcitrapa Annual Valarian Scorzonera austriaca Centranthus ruber Red Valarian Scorzonera mollis Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian Rhagadoilus stellatus Valeriana crinii Nyctaginacae Bougainvillea Family Dipsacaceae Bougainvillea glabra Bougainvillea Morina persica Centurea pelia Oxalidaceae Sorrel Family Scabiosa crenata Oxalis pes-caprae Bermuda Buttercup Knautia integrifolia Tremastelma Polygonacae Dock Family palaestinum Rumex acetosella Sheep’s Sorrel Rumex Campanulaceae bucephalophorus Campanula spathulata Rumex cyprius Campanula rupicola Campanula erinis Monocotyledones

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Scientific name Common name

Alismataceae Orchis pinetorum Alisma plantago- Orchis palustris Bog Orchid aquatica Orchis purpurea Lady Orchid

Liliaceae Colchicum pusillum Anthericum lilago Allium sphaerocephalon Allium atropurpureum Allium ampeloprasum Ornithogalum umbellatum Muscari comosum Asparagus acutifolius

Graminae Grass Family Arundo donax Giant Reed Aegilops geniculata Lamarkia aurea Avena sterilis Winter Wild Oat Briza maxima Large Quaking Grass Bromus sterilis Sterile Brome Cynodon dactylon Bermuda Grass Cynosurus echinatus Rough Dog’s-tail Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Lagurus ovatus Hare’s Tail Lolium temulentum Darnel Gastridium Nit Grass ventricosum Stipa pennata Phragmites australis Reed Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass

Iridaceae Iris Family Gladiolus italicus Wild Gladiolus Gynandriris Barbary Nut sisyrinchium Iris pseudocorus Yellow Flag

Orchidaceae Orchid Family Epipactis subclausa type Epipactis helleborine Broad-leaved Helleborine Epipactis greuteri type Cephalanthera White Helleborine damasonium Cephalanthera rubra Red Helleborine Cephalanthera Narrow-leaved longifolia Helleborine Limodorum abortivum Aceras Man Orchid anthropophorum Neotinea maculata Dense-flowered Orchid Orchis anatolica Anatolian Orchid

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Butterfly list

Common name Scientific name Family Day Day Day Day Day Day 2 3 4 5 6 7

Swallowtail Papilio machaeon Papilionidae ü ü ü ü ü Southern Swallowtail Papilio alexanor Papilionidae ü ü Scarce Swallowtail Iphiclides podalirius Papilionidae ü ü ü ü Clouded Apollo Parnassius Papilionidae ü ü ü ü ü mnemosyne Black-veined White Aporia crataegi Pieridae ü ü ü ü Large White Pieris brassicae Pieridae ü ü ü ü ü Small White Artogeia (Pieris) rapae Pieridae ü ü ü ü ü ü Southern Small White Artogeia (Pieris) Pieridae ü ü ü ü mannii Mountain Small White Artogeia (Pieris) Pieridae ü ü ergane Krueper’s Small White Artogeia (Pieris) Pieridae ü krueperi Eastern Bath White Pontia daplidice Pieridae ü ü ü ü ü Eastern Dapled White Euchloe ausonia Pieridae ü ü Clouded Yellow Colias crocea Pieridae ü ü ü ü ü ü Greek Clouded Yellow Colias libanotica Pieridae ü ü ü ü heldreichii Berger’s Clouded Colias australis Pieridae ü ü Yellow Brimstone Gonepteryx rhamni Pieridae ü ü ü ü ü ü Cleopatra Gonepteryx cleopatra Pieridae ü ü ü ü ü ü Eastern Wood White Leptidea duponcheli Pieridae ü Purple Hairstreak Quercusia quercus Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü Sloe Hairstreak Nordmannia acaciae Lycaenidae ü ü ü Ilex Hairstreak Nordmannia ilicis Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü ü Blue-spot Hairstreak Strymonidia spini Lycaenidae ü Small Copper Lycaena phlaeas Lycaenidae ü ü Grecian Copper Heodes ottomanus Lycaenidae ü ü Sooty Copper Lycaena tityrus Lycaenidae ü ü ü Purple-shot Copper Heodes alciphron Lycaenidae ü ü Lesser Fiery Copper Lycaena thersamon Lycaenidae ü ü Balkan Copper Lycaena candens Lycaenidae ü ü Long-tailed Blue Lampides boeticus Lycaenidae ü Osiris Blue Cupido osiris Lycaenidae ü ü Holly Blue Celastrinas argiolus Lycaenidae ü ü Green-underside Blue Glaucopsyche alexis Lycaenidae ü Eastern Baton Blue Pseudophilotes baton Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü ü vicrama Grass Jewel Freyeria trochylus Lycaenidae ü Zephyr Blue Plebejus pylaon Lycaenidae ü Silver-studded Blue Plebejus argus Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü ü

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Common name Scientific name Family Day Day Day Day Day Day 2 3 4 5 6 7

Idas Blue Lycaeides idas Lycaenidae ü Brown Argus Aricia agestis Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü ü ü Mountain Argus Aricia artaxerxes Lycaenidae ü Blue Argus Aricia anteros Lycaenidae ü Mazarine Blue Cyaniris semiargus Lycaenidae ü Greek Mazarine Blue Cyaniris helena Lycaenidae ü ü Ripart’s Anomalous Agrodiaetus ripartii Lycaenidae ü ü ü Blue Anomalous Blue Agrodiaetus admetus Lycaenidae ü ü Chelmos Blue Agrodiaetus iphigenia Lycaenidae ü nonacriensis Escher’s Blue Agrodiaetus escheri Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü ü ü Amanda’s Blue Agrodiaetus amanda Lycaenidae ü Turquoise Blue Plebicula dorylas Lycaenidae ü ü Adonis Blue Lysandra bellargus Lycaenidae ü ü Meleager’s Blue Meleageria daphnis Lycaenidae ü Common Blue Polyommatus icarus Lycaenidae ü ü ü ü ü ü Nettle Tree Butterfly Libythea celtis Libytheidae ü ü Southern White Limentis reducta Nymphalidae ü ü ü Admiral Large Tortoiseshell Nymphalis polychloros Nymphalidae ü ü ü ü Camberwell Beauty Nymphalis antiopa Nymphalidae ü ü ü ü ü Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta Nymphalidae ü ü Painted Lady Cynthia cardui Nymphalidae ü ü ü ü ü Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae Nymphalidae ü ü Comma Polygonia c-album Nymphalidae ü ü ü ü ü Southern Comma Polygonia egea Nymphalidae ü ü ü Cardinal Pandoriana Nymphalidae ü ü ü (Argyrinnis) pandora Silver-washed Fritillary Argynnis paphia Nymphalidae ü ü ü ü Dark Green Fritillary Mesoacidalia Nymphalidae ü ü ü (Argyrinnis) aglaia High Brown Fritillary Fabriciana (Argyrinnis) Nymphalidae ü adippe Niobe Fritillary Fabriciana (Argyrinnis) Nymphalidae ü niobe Queen of Spain Issoria lathonia Nymphalidae ü ü ü ü ü Fritillary Twin-spot Fritillary Brenthis hecate Nymphalidae ü ü Marbled Fritillary Brenthis daphne Nymphalidae ü Pearl-bordered Clossiana euphrosyne Nymphalidae ü Fritillary Glanville Fritillary Melitaea cinxia Nymphalidae ü ü Spotted Fritillary Melitaea didyma Nymphalidae ü ü Lesser Spotted Melitaea fascelis Nymphalidae ü ü ü Fritillary Heath Fritillary Mellicta athalia Nymphalidae ü

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Common name Scientific name Family Day Day Day Day Day Day 2 3 4 5 6 7

Marbled White Melanargia galathea Satyridae ü Balkan Marbled White Melanargia larissa Satyridae ü ü ü ü ü Delattin’s Grayling Hipparchia volgensis Satyridae ü Southern Grayling Hipparchia aristaeus Satyridae ü ü Tree Grayling Neohipparchia Satyridae ü statilinus Freyer’s Grayling Neohipparchia fatua Satyridae ü ü Hermit Chazara briseis Satyridae ü Grecian Grayling Pseudochazara Satyridae ü graeca White-Banded Pseudochazara Satyridae ü ü Grayling anthelea Great Sooty Satyr Satyrus ferula Satyridae ü ü ü ü Great Banded Grayling Brintesia circe Satyridae ü ü ü ü Meadow Brown Maniola jurina Satyridae ü ü ü ü ü ü Oriental Meadow Hyponephele lupina Satyridae ü Brown Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus Satyridae ü Small Heath Coenonympha Satyridae ü ü ü ü pamphilus Speckled Wood Pararge aegeria Satyridae ü ü Wall Brown Lasiommata megera Satyridae ü ü ü ü ü Large Wall Brown Lasiommata maera Satyridae ü ü ü Lattice Brown Kirinia roxelana Satyridae ü ü ü ü ü ü Grizzled Skipper Pyrgus malvae Hesperidae ü ü ü ü Large Grizzled Skipper Pyrgus alveus Hesperidae ü ü Hungarian Skipper Spialia orbifer Hesperidae ü ü ü Persian Skipper Spialia phlomidis Hesperidae ü ü ü ü Sage Skipper Syrichtus proto Hesperidae ü ü Mallow Skipper Carcharodus alceae Hesperidae ü ü ü ü Oriental Marbled Carcharodus orientalis Hesperidae ü ü Skipper Dingy Skipper Erynnis tages Hesperidae ü ü ü Lulworth Skipper Thymelicus acteon Hesperidae ü ü Essex Skipper Thymelicus lineola Hesperidae ü ü ü ü ü Small Skipper Thymelicus sylvestris Hesperidae ü ü ü ü ü ü Large Skipper Ochlodes venatus Hesperidae ü ü ü

53 49 55 31 64 50 Numbers found each day

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Additional species

Dragonflies Scientific name

Family Calopterygidae Calopteryx virgo Beautiful Demoiselle

Family Lestidae Lestes viridis Lestes barbarus Lestes macrostigma

Family Platycnemididae Platycnemis pennipes White-legged Damselfly

Family Coenagrionidae Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly Cercion lindeni

Family Aeshnidae Aeshna affinis Anax imperator Emperor Dragonfly Caliaschna microstigma

Family Cordulegastridae Cordulegaster picta Golden-ringed Dragonfly sp Cordulegaster bidentata Golden-ringed Dragonfly sp

Family Libellulidae Libellula fulva Scarce Chaser Libellula depressa Broad-bodied Chaser Orthetrum ramburi Sympetrum meridionale Meditereanean Darter

Grasshoppers Scientific name

Family Acrididae Calliptamus italicus Abundant with red wings "Pest" Anacridium aegyptium Acrida ungarica Tylopsis lilifolia Leptophyes punctatissima

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Scientific name

Tettigonia viridissima Metriophtera roeselii type Saga pedo

Manatids Mantis religosa

Antlions Palpares libelluloides Euroleon nostras Myrmeleon sp

Ascalaphids Libelloides sp Mantispa styriaca Nemoptera bipennis

Reptiles and amphibians Scientific name Common name

Testudo marginata Marginated Tortoise Bufo bufo Common Toad Rana graeca Balkan Stream Frog Cyrtopodion kotschyi Kotschy's Gecko Lacerta trilineata Balkan Green Lizard Podarcis muralis common Wall Lizard Lacerta praticola Meadow Lizard Podarcis peloponnesiaca Peloponnese Wall Lizard Coluber gemonensis Balkan Whip Snake

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Moth list

Karsholt & Taxon Authority Bradley & Vernacular UK Status Notes Razowski Fletcher log no. log no.

1355 Yponomueta sedella Treitschke, 1833 431 Notable/Nb 1655 Ethmia bipunctella (Fabricius, 1775) 720 pRDB1 3974 Zygaena purpuralis (Brünnich, 1763) 172 Transparent Burnet Notable/Na 3983 Zygaena loti (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 167 Slender Scotch Burnet UK BAP Priority 3998 Zygaena filipendulae (Linnaeus, 1758) 169 Six-spot Burnet Common 4000 Zygaena trifollii (Esper, 1783) 170 Five-spot Burnet Local 4370 Tortrix viridana Linnaeus, 1758 1033 Green Oak Tortrix Unknown 5485 Pterophorus pentadactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) 1513 White Plume Moth Unknown 5569 Aphomia sociella (Linnaeus, 1758) 1428 Bee Moth Common 5611 Synaphe moldavica (Esper, 1794) 5625 Pyralis regalis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 5652 Hypsopygia costalis (Fabricius, 1775) 1413 Gold Triangle Common 5661 Endotricha flammealis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 1424 Common 5742 Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke, 1832) 6348 Chrysocrambus craterella (Scopoli, 1763) 1320 Vagrant/Accidental

6446 Cynaeda dentalis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 1359 pRDB3 6531 Udea ferrugalis (Hübner, 1796) 1395 Rusty-dot Pearl Migrant 6719 Nomophila noctuella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 1398 Rush Veneer Migrant 6744 Malacosoma castrensis (Linnaeus, 1758) 1635 Ground Lackey Notable/Na 6843 Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758) 1984 Humming-bird Hawk- Migrant moth

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Karsholt & Taxon Authority Bradley & Vernacular UK Status Notes Razowski Fletcher log no. log no.

7512 Cilix glaucata (Scopoli, 1763) 1651 Chinese Character Common 7754 Peribatodes rhomboidaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 1937 Willow Beauty Common 7794 Ascotis selenaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 7980 Hemithea aestivaria (Hübner, 1789) 1669 Common Emerald Common 7998 Thalera fimbrialis (Scopoli, 1763) 1672 Sussex Emerald RDB1 8005 Eucrostes indiginata (Villers, 1789) 8017 Cyclophora puppillaria (Hübner, 1799) 1678 Blair’s Mocha Migrant 8054 Scopula rubiginata (Hufnagel, 1767) 1688 Tawny Wave RDB3 8059 Scopula marginepunctata (Goeze, 1781) 1689 Mullein Wave Local 8093 Idaea rufaria (Hübner, 1799) 8102 Idaea aureolaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 8107 Idaea rusticata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 1699 Least Carpet Local 8289 Camptogramma bilineata (Linnaeus, 1758) 1742 Yellow Shell Common 8509 Eupithecia centaureata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 1825 Lime-speck Pug Common 8691 Thaumetopoea (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 2021 Pine Processionary Vagrant/Accidental pityocampa 8887 Catocala conversa (Esper, 1783) Found dead 8888 Catocala nymphagoga (Esper, 1787) 2455a Oak Yellow Underwing Vagrant/Accidental

8891 Catocala nymphaea (Esper, 1787) 8893 Catocala eutychea (Treitschke, 1835) 8895 Catocala diversa (Geyer, 1828) 9056 Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758) 2441 Silver Y Migrant 9088 Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper, 1789) 2428 Golden Twin-spot Migrant 9100 Acontia lucida (Hufnagel, 1766) 2415 Pale Shoulder Rare migrant

Butterflies Of Southern Greece Tour Report

Karsholt & Taxon Authority Bradley & Vernacular UK Status Notes Razowski Fletcher log no. log no.

9225 Shargacucullia blattariae (Esper, 1790) Larvae on Scrophularia canina spp bicolor 9233 Shargacucullia verbasci (Linnaeus, 1758) 2221 Mullein Common Larvae on Verbascum spp. 9522 Methorasa latreillei (Duponchel, 1827) 2309 Unconfirmed 9885 Oria musculosa (Hübner, 1808) 2378 Brighton Wainscot UK BAP Priority 9928 Aetheria bicolorata (Hufnagel, 1766) 2164 Broad-barred White Common 10003 Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, 1808) 2195 Delicate Migrant 10022 Mythimna l-album (Linnaeus, 1767) 2202 L-album Wainscot Notable/Nb 10096 Noctua pronuba Linnaeus, 1758 2107 Large Yellow Underwing Common 10098 Noctua interposita (Hübner, 1790) 10104 Noctua tertia Mentzer, Moberg & Fibiger, To be confirmed 1991 10238 Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808) 2119 Pearly Underwing Migrant 10336 Agrotis crassa (Hübner, 1803) 2094 Great Dart Rare migrant 10343 Agrotis puta (Hübner, 1803) 2092 Shuttle-shaped Dart Common 10351 Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 2087 Turnip Moth Common 10376 Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758) 2034 Gypsy Moth Vagrant/Accidental

10493 Eilema caniola (Hübner, 1808) 2045 Hoary Footman Notable/Nb 10600 Arctia villica (Linnaeus, 1758) 2058 Cream-spot Tiger Local