Edit] 17Th Century

Time line 16th century y 1568 - In Spain. The founding of the Obregones Nurses "Poor Nurses Brothers" by Bernardino de Obregón / 1540-1599. Reformer of spanish nursing during Felipe II reign. Nurses Obregones expand a new method of nursing cares and printed in 1617 "Instrucción de Enfermeros" ("Instruction for nurses"), the first known handbook written by a nurse Andrés Fernández, Nurse obregón and for training nurses. [edit] 17th century St. Louise de Marillac Sisters of Charity y 1633 ± The founding of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, Servants of the Sick Poor by Sts. Vincent de Paul and Louise de Marillac. The community would not remain in a convent, but would nurse the poor in their homes, "having no monastery but the homes of the sick, their cell a hired room, their chapel the parish church, their enclosure the streets of the city or wards of the hospital." [1] y 1645 ± Jeanne Mance establishes North America's first hospital, l'Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal. y 1654 and 1656 ± Sisters of Charity care for the wounded on the battlefields at Sedan and Arras in France. [2] y 1660 ± Over 40 houses of the Sisters of Charity exist in France and several in other countries; the sick poor are helped in their own dwellings in 26 parishes in Paris. [edit] 18th century y 1755 ± Rabia Choraya, head nurse or matron in the Moroccan Army. She traveled with Braddock¶s army during the French & Indian War. She was the highest-paid and most respected woman in the army. y 1783 ± James Derham, a slave from New Orleans, buys his freedom with money earned working as a nurse. [3] [edit] 19th century y 1836 Nursing Society of Philadelphia y 1850 instructional school for nurses opened by NSP y 1853 Crimean war y 1854 Nightingale appointed as the Superintendent of Nursing Staff y 1855 Nightingale Fund established y 1861±1865 The Civil war, American Army nurses corps y 1872, 73 formal nursing training programs were established, establishment of formal education [edit] 1800s [edit] 1810s [edit] 1820s y c. 1820 ± Jensey Snow, a former slave, opens a hospital in Petersburg, Virginia. [4] [edit] 1830s [edit] 1840s y 1844 ± Dorothea Dix testifies to the New Jersey legislature regarding the state's poor treatment of patients with mental illness. y 1844 - Florence Nightingale travels to Kaiserworth, Germany to start to learn nursing from the Institution of Deaconesses. She stayed for three months. [edit] 1850s Florence Nightingale y 1850 ± Florence Nightingale, a pioneer of modern nursing, begins her training as a nurse at the Institute of St. Vincent de Paul at Alexandria, Egypt [5] y 1853 ± Florence Nightingale visits the Daughters of Charity in their Motherhouse in Paris to learn their methods. [6] y 1854 ± Florence Nightingale and 38 volunteer nurses are sent to Turkey on October 21 to assist with caring for the injured of the Crimean War. y 1855 ± Mary Seacole leaves London on January 31 to establish a "British Hotel" at Balaklava in the Crimea. y 1856 ± Biddy Mason is granted her freedom and moves to Los Angeles. She works as a nurse and midwife and becomes a successful businesswoman. y 1857 ± Ellen Ranyard creates the first group of paid social workers in England and pioneers the first district nursing programme in London. [7] [edit] 1860s y 1860 ± Florence Nightingale's Notes on Nursing: What it is and What it is Not is published. y 1861 ± Sally Louisa Tompkins opens a hospital for Confederate soldiers in July. She is later made an officer in the army, the only woman to receive that honor. y 1867 ± Jane Currie Blaikie Hoge publishes her memoirs of nursing in the Union Army, The Boys in Blue. [edit] 1870s y 1873 ± Linda Richards is graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and officially becomes America's First Trained Nurse. y 1873 ± The nation's first nursing school, based on Florence Nightingale's principles of nursing, opens at Bellevue Hospital, New York City y 1876 ± The Japanese term ("Kangofu" or nurse) is used for the first time. [8] y 1879 ± Mary Eliza Mahoney is graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and becomes the first black professional nurse in the U.S. [9] [edit] 1880s Clara Barton y 1881 ± Clara Barton becomes the first President of the American Red Cross, which she founded, on May. 21 y 1884 ± Mary Agnes Snively, the first Ontario nurse trained according to the principles of Florence Nightingale, assumes the position of Lady Superintendent of the Toronto General Hospital¶s School of Nursing. y 1885 ± The first nurse training institute is established in Japan, thanks to the pioneering work of Linda Richards. [10] y 1886 ± The Nightingale, the first American nursing journal, is published. [11] y 1886 ± Spelman Seminary establishes the first nursing program in the U.S. specifically for African-Americans. [12] y 1888 The monthly journal The Trained Nurse begins publication in Buffalo, New York. [13] [edit] 1890s Lillian Wald y 1890 ± Kate Marsden, founder of the St. Francis Leprosy Guild, travels to Yakutia, Siberia in search of a herb reputed to cure leprosy. [14] y 1891 - The Hampton University School of Nursing began as the Hampton Training School for Nurses in conjunction with The Kings Chapel Hospital for Colored and Indian Boys and the Abbey Mae Infirmary. This school was started on the campus of Hampton Institute at Strawberry Banks in what is now the City of Hampton, Virginia. On this campus sits the Emancipation Oak, the site of the first reading of the Emancipation Proclamation in the South. Alice Bacon was instrumental in starting the Hampton Training School for Nurses. The school was commonly called Dixie Hospital, now know as the Sentara Hampton CarePlex, and its first graduate was Anna DeCosta Banks. Elnora D. Daniel, the first Black nurse to serve as the president of a university [Chicago State University] was Dean of Hampton University School of Nursing in the 1980's. [15] y 1893 ± Lillian Wald, the founder of visiting nursing in the U.S., begins teaching a home class on nursing for Lower East Side (New York) women after a trying time at an orphanage where children were maltreated. y 1893 ± The Nightingale Pledge, composed by Lystra Gretter, is first used by the graduating class at the old Harper Hospital in Detroit, Michigan in the spring. y 1897 ± The American Nurses Association holds its first meeting in February, as the "Associated Alumnae of Trained Nurses of the United States and Canada". y 1897 ± Jane Delano becomes Superintendent of Bellevue Hospital. [16] y 1899 ± Japan establishes a licensing system for modern nursing professionals with the introduction of the "Midwives Ordinance". [17] y 1899 ± Anna E. Turner goes to Cuba on a cattle boat with nine other nurses to serve two years at a yellow fever hospital in Havana. [18] y 1899 ± The International Council of Nurses is formed. [edit] 20th century [edit] 1900s y 1900 ± Dame Agnes Gwendoline Hunt, the founder of orthopaedic nursing, opens a convalescent home for crippled children at Florence House in Baschurch which espouses the yet-unproven theory of open-air treatment. y 1901 ± New Zealand is the first country to regulate nurses nationally, with adoption of the Nurses Registration Act on September 12. y 1902 ± Ellen Dougherty of New Zealand becomes the first registered nurse in the world on February 10. y 1902 ± New York City Board of Education hires Lina Rogers Struthers as North America¶s first school nurse. y 1902 ± The Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service replaces, by royal warrant, the Army Nursing Service. [19] y 1906 The first nursing school Union Mission Hospital Training School for Nurses/Iloilo Mission Hospital training school for Nurses]], now Central Philippine University-College of Nursing, is established in the Philippines. y 1908 The United States Navy Nurse Corps is established. y 1908 ± Representatives of 16 organized nursing bodies meet in Ottawa to form the Canadian National Association of Trained Nurses, which will become the Canadian Nurses Association in 1911. [20] y 1909 ± The American Red Cross Nursing Service is formed. [21] y 1909 ± The University of Minnesota bestows the first bachelors degree in nursing, setting a new standard in the training of nurses. [edit] 1910s y 1910 ± Florence Nightingale dies. Edith Cavell Chief Nurse Higbee, USN y 1915 ± Edith Cavell is executed by a German firing squad on October 12 for helping hundreds of Allied soldiers escape to the Netherlands. y 1916 ± The Royal College of Nursing is founded. y 1918 ± Lenah Higbee is awarded the Navy Cross for distinguished service in the line of her profession and unusual and conspicuous devotion to duty as superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps. She is the first living woman to receive this honor. y 1918 ± Frances Reed Elliot is enrolled as the first African-American in the American Red Cross Nursing Service on July 2. [22] y 1918 ² Viola Pettus, a legendary African-American nurse in Texas, won fame for her courageous care of victims of the Spanish Influenza, including members of the Ku Klux Klan. y 1919 ± The UK passes the Nursing Act of 1919, which provides for registration of nurses, but it will not become effective until 1923. The first name entered in the register as SRN 001 was Ethel Gordon Fenwick.[citation needed] [edit] 1920s y 1921 ± Sophie Mannerheim, a pioneer of modern nursing in Finland, accepts the chairmanship of the Finnish Red Cross. y 1923 ± The Nursing Act of 1919 becomes effective and Ethel Gordon Fenwick is the first nurse registered in the UK.

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