Orchestrating the Performance of 5G
Dr. Rami Alnatsheh, Delivery Manager AMEA, InfoVista
Johannesburg, 25/7/2017
Orchestrating network performance | www.infovista.com Orchestrating network performance | InfoVista at a Glance
InfoVista provides cost-effective Founded in 1995, Worldwide HQ in Paris, Worldwide network performance orchestration France. Customer support solutions that help our customers provide top-quality user experience while increasing the capital efficiency of their network infrastructure. Regional presence R&D centers 24 local offices France, Canada, Malaysia, Sweden, UK, USA
Over 1,500 customers Acquisitions In more than 180 countries Mentum, 2012 | Aexio, 2013 | Ipanema, 2015 | TEMS, 2016
Orchestrating network performance | 2 IMT2020
Orchestrating network performance | Usage scenarios of IMT for 2020 and beyond
• There are economic, political and technical Enhanced mobile broadband
needs for 5G Gigabytes in a second • Existing technologies are capable of 3D video, UHD screens Work and play in the cloud satisfying today’s requirements but not Smart home/building Augmented reality
those of tomorrow Industry automation
• Wide number of use cases with wide Voice Mission critical application performance requirements Smart city Self driving car Future IMT • More about connecting things
• No single technology will satisfy all Massive machine type Ultra-reliable and low latency requirements communications communications • All requirements will not be met at the M.2083-02 same time Usage scenarios of IMT for 2020 and beyond
Orchestrating network performance | 4 Enhancements and Importance for Different Usage Scenarios
User experienced Peak data rate data rate (Gbit/s) (Mbit/s) Peak impor User experienced High tance 20 100 Enhanced mobile data rate data rate IMT-2020 broadband 10 Medium 1 Area traffic Spectrum capacity Spectrum Area traffic efficiency efficiency (Mbit/s/m2 ) capacity Low 10 3´ 1 1´ 0.1
1´ 350 10´ 400 100´ 500 IMT-advanced Network Mobility Network Mobility energy efficiency energy efficiency (km/h) Ultra-reliable 5 Massive machine 10 10 and low latency type communications communications 6 10 1 Connection density Latency
Connection density Latency 2 M.2083-04 (devices/km ) (ms)
M.2083-03 Enhancement of key capabilities from IMT-Advanced The importance of key capabilities in different usage to IMT-2020 scenarios
To meet Requirements, 3GPP needs to Usage Case Priority define: Enahnced mobile broadband New Radio Interface (NR) Evolved LTE Radio Interface Some ultra-reliable and low latency New Core Network (NextGen) communications Evolved LTE Core Network (EPC) Massive machine type communications and more comprehensive ultra reliable/low latency Orchestrating network performance | 5 functionality Orchestrating the Network Performance
Orchestrating network performance | 5G at a glance: use cases and requirements
Use Cases Requirements
Data rate* Users Mobile Dense 10 X (avg. & peak) Context aware, broadband crowd 100 X (cell edge) User-centric (75% Very high of data rate Peak > 10Gbps video by users 2020) Mobility Very high Capacity Mobility* 1.5 X (walking to 500km/h)
Massive 5G Reliability, 5G number of resilience, Networks devices security Aggregation of Devices networks, Long Programmable/ IoT Very low highly flexible sensor battery IoT Configurable, lifetime latency and scalable** network control Multi- Latency* network Battery band/mode Energy savings & 10 X (avg. & peak) cost reductions* RAN latency < 1ms
*Vs. 3GPP Rel.12; ** no single solution to satisfy all these extreme requirements at the same time
Orchestrating network performance | 7 The 5G Rubik Cube 6. 5G context aware QoE 6. Legacy and 5G D2D communications
4, Legacy and 5G 3. Legacy and 5G Big Data Analytics; Automation, Machine Learning Virtualization; SDN/NFV requiring Mobile and Artificial Intelligence edge computing and distributed (used in networks as well as testing tools) cloudification (used in networks as well as testing tools)
5. Legacy and 5G Network Slicing per 5G type of use case and/or verical: 2. 5G New Core (NC) – Rel 2018+ eMBB, Massive connectivity IoT (legacy: LoRa NB-IoT, LTE-M based, EC-GSM), Mission critical IoT (legacy: connected cars, V2X 2. 5G Standalone (NR, NC) communications) 2. 5G Non Standalone (5G NR, LTE core) with mutliconnectivity
1 5G New RAN (NR) above 6HGz and mmW (new air interface including some LTE-Pro concepts e.g. Cell Range Expansion, 1 5G capabilities (latency and throughput) with Licensed and control /user plane split, Coordinated Multipoint CoMP, reduced L2 signaling ) Unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U/eLAA; LTE-WiFi interoperability, dual connectivity) 1 5G capabilities (latency and throughput) with LTE-Pro RAN technology features (e.g. massive MIMO, beamforming, higher order coding, DL/UL CA) (sub 6GHz) Orchestrating network performance | 8 Dimensions Impacting Testing Device centric architectures User-application/slice (e.g. eMBB, IoT type) Smarter devices: and device context context (service, aware Significant network, user) aware architecture changes Full duplex communications mmWave with mobility (self interference cancellation) (the small cells of the future)
Distributed cloudification Massive MIMO,& beamforming
Network Slicing MEC
Full separation of control and user plane at 5G core and RAN SDN/NFV
C-RAN Native support of M2M services (IoT support, LoRA, SigFox, etc)
Hetnets (indoor & outdoor small cells, WiFi 5G-ph1 3GHz Significant components Rel13 interoperability), SON functionality LTE anchor and devices changes 6GHz LTE-eMTC, NB-IoT, EC-GSM) LTE-U/LAA existing Rel14 spectrum 10GHz Rel15 LTE-Pro (v2V/X, eD2D, FeICIC, NAICS, MU-MIMO)
30GHz Rel16 LTE-A (CA, eICIC, CoMP, CRE, signaling and control split ) 100GHz 5G-ph2/+ 5Ganchor
300GHz Full IMT2020 compliance Significant spectrum usage changes and adoptions Orchestrating network performance | 9 Behind the use cases
Enhanced Mobile Broadband Massive IoT Mission Critical Control
• Low-latency with bounded delay Wider bandwidths; higher frequencies • Low complexity narrowband mmWave : hot spots vs. mobility • Efficient multiplexing with nominal • Low power modes for deep sleep Shared Spectrum; licensed and unlicensed traffic Device-centric mobility • Efficient signaling • Grant-free Uplink Tx Dynamic, low-latency TDD/FDD • Grant-free uplink transmission Massive MIMO and beamforming (incl. • Simultaneous redundant links high mobility channels) • Optimized link budget • Reliable device-to-device links Advanced higher order channel coding • Multi-hop mesh Multicast support • Optimized PHY/pilot/HARQ
- Spectrum: 300MHz-100GHz - Massive/MU/FD MIMO and Beamforming, - Multi-connectivity, - User and control plane split, Cell Range Expansion (CRE; reuqired sync between macro and pico layer) - Flexible and scalable L1: OFDMA (FB-OFDMA) with flexible numerology, multiplexing of WB and NB devices on same resources, filtering and shapig by digital processing, support for various spectrum allocation schemes - Distributed architecture
Orchestrating network performance | 10 A reality check: 3GPP Standards 5G Radio Timeline Overview
Orchestrating network performance | 11 Market trends
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
AR/VR in Connected Large scale NB-IoT, LTE-M Manufacturing Healthcare IoT IoT trials Industrial IoT solutions Smart energy 30:1 ratio between spending to LoRA Smart agriculture machine type reach $1trillion deployments Smart retail IoT for hospital communications in 2025 asset to human type management and communications climate control >200 Carriers Mass 5G & LTE Deploy LTE-A Pro First LTE First remote 10 million All new cars Network Connected ESN market surgery driverless produced to be 5G Use Case car market 5G over mobile cars connected cars Deployments network? Evolution Trials @Eur 39bn coverage deployed by 2025
First NFV Proprietary Virtualisation Standardised Labs NFV Broad C-RAN Tier 1 NFV NFV Deployments Deployments Adoption Acceptance? Deployments ?
Orchestrating network performance | 12 Therefore until then ….from eLTE (LTE-A/Proto) to 5G NR – transparent to 5G use cases 5G World trend expressed by Nokia, Telefonica, DT, SK
eLTE Non stand alone NR Standalone 5G
CA (trade-off # carriers vs. BWD increase gain) New Radio MIMO performance gain LTE-WiFi integration with (multilayer and ULs, FD) unlicensed spectrum (eLAA; mmW mobility (e.g. Nokia 4x4 MIMO sub6GHz coverage and throughput 50% throughput increase and benefits evaluation, 3dB signal gain) interference monitoring ) Full duplex /self cancellation
Higher order modulation (DL Monitoring L2 signaling (shorter RTT, Device centric architecture 256/UL 64) efficiency shorter HO benefits evaluation) (D2D)
Network slicing Cell Range Expansion (cell sync Mobile Edge Computing (distributed cloud /fog troubleshooting and optimization computing)
Virtualization
Orchestrating network performance | 13 Testing Challenges
Orchestrating network performance | Evolving the Ecosystem – Challenges
Enhanced Peak of 10-20 Gbit/s Mobile 1 Gbit/s (Indoor) Broadband User Experience 100Mbit/s (Urban, Suburban) Area Traffic 10Mbit/s/m2 Capacity
Over the Air Capable of supporting services of very low latency, 1ms Latency
Connection Expected to support a connection density of 106/km2, for example Density in massive machine type communications
High Mobility Expected to enable high mobility up to 500 km/h with acceptable QoS
Orchestrating network performance | 15 Evolving the Ecosystem – What is Needed?
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
Area Traffic Capacity Continuous Flexible Monitoring Manage Deployment for Ultra Capacity of Probes Reliable Over the Air Latency Services
Automation QoE, QoS of Testing and KPIs Connection Density Fleet
High Mobility
Orchestrating network performance | 16 A Glance at IoT
Orchestrating network performance | IoT at a glance A range of technologies for a range of applications within mission critical and massive communications context Smart meters, agriculture, Connected cars, Surveillance transportation, environnent, connected homes health care, industry USE CASES
REQUIREMENTS & CONSTRAINTS
TECHNOLOGY Cat-M Cat-1 NB-IoT
Connected devices forecast from Ericsson Mobility Report, June 2016
Orchestrating network performance | 18 IoT Changing the landscape….
“IoT “Analytics, Mesh Network eq. SW & HW Wireless Telecom Managed “IoT Cloud” Platforms infrastructure Services
Data Centers Phones/chips Sensors SW & HW Operators
Besides service assurance, troubleshooting and optimization… How do I ensure that my IoT services work seamlessly, reliably and securely on my network? How can I differentiate my network/services without sacrificing profitability or quality? How do I ensure that the SLAs towards IoT partners are being met?
Telcos need to also provide provisioning and device management services, systems integration, data analytics, together with flexible platforms and middleware.
…Raw connectivity will only generate a small fraction of overall IoT revenues for carriers… (according to analysts)
Orchestrating network performance | 19 IoT technologies NB-IoT vs LoRA vs Sigfox vs LTE-M
NB-IoT / LTE Cat-NB LoRAWAN Sigfox LTE-M / LTE Cat-M1 • Modulation: QPSK / BPSK • Modulation: LoRA • Modulation: BPSK • Modulation: DL OFDMA 15kHz tone spacing Turbo Code, 16QAM 1 Rx; UL • Coverage: <15 Km • Coverage: < 10 Km • Coverage: < 12 Km SC-FDMA 15kHz tone spacing Turbo Code, 16QAM • Frequency spectrum: LTE In-band, • Frequency spectrum: Unlicensed Band • Frequency spectrum: Unlicensed Band Guard Band, Standalone • Coverage: < 10 Km • Signal Bandwidth: 125 KHz • Signal Bandwidth: 0.1 KHz • Signal Bandwidth: 180 KHz • Frequency spectrum: part of 1.4 MHz • Data Rate:10 Kbps • Data Rate: 0.1 Kbps block of the LTE channel • Data Rate: 200 Kbps • Battery life : 10 years • Battery life : 10 years • Signal Bandwidth: 1.08 MHz • Battery life : 10 years • Data Rate: 100 Kbps (peak 1Mbps UL/DL)
• Battery life : 10 years
Cellular but not part of LTE, hence needs to Not Cellular Not Cellular Cellular, part of LTE 1.4 MHz block operate in a side band using different software Favoured by China carriers. Uses unlicensed spectrum, proprietary Lowest cost radio modules, UL only (though Favoured by US Carriers Target: Simple devices that need to connect modulation system sold by Semtech – the limited downlink possible) Best suited for: Low density sensors; to an operator’s network via licensed only manufacturer/license holder. LoRA Sigfox was originator of LPWAN concept Automated Meter Reading; Asset Tracking spectrum Alliance. Can be used by non-operators to Best suited for Alarms, meters (small implement solutions. LoRaWAN networks infrequent bursts of data) interfere when more than one is operated in an area. Best suited for: Electric grid monitoring
Orchestrating network performance | 20 Testing IoT
Orchestrating network performance | NB-IoT and LTE-M QoS/QoE testing
NB-IoT LTE-M
Connectivity (indoor, outdoor) based on L3 decoding of NB-IoT/LTE-M signaling
Coverage validation and performance (indoor, outdoor)
Mobility performance (indoor, outdoor)
Latency, UL/DL peak rate
Battery life (PowerSavingMode, eDRX LTE-M voice service support (call activity %) control and performance MOS)
Unique QoE model (under research)
Orchestrating network performance | 22 IoT NB IoT and LTE-M (device availability dependent)
The L3 decoding of LTE and WCDMA has been updated to support 3GPP release 13, this includes: LTE RRC LTE NAS UTRAN RRC UTRAN NAS The L3 LTE RRC decoder enables thus decoding of NB IoT signalling.
LTE UE category has been extended to support M1. A number of Qualcomm specific reports has also been updated to support LTE 3GPP release 13 signalling and some NB IoT specific reports handling: -PSS search -NPDSCH decoded data
Orchestrating network performance | 23 IoT NB IoT and LTE-M (device availability dependent)
NB-IoT KPIs – under further developments Script Design tool – User Defined Activity
UBLOX and Quectel both using QualComm chipset, operated via AT commands- no Layer 3 or no LTE information Signal power:
Orchestrating network performance | 24 Testing LoRaWAN QoS
• Use cases • Control functions • Monitoring capability • Outdoor & indoor • Tx Power • RSSI • coverage/troubleshooting • Spreading factor • SNR • Validate coverage • Tx Interval settings • Spreading factor DL • plots (possibility to • Ack/ No ack handling • Spreading factor UL • change Tx intervals for • Retransmission/No • TxPower • more freq. RSSI retransmissions • update • Channel mask
• Tx lock
ELSYS ELT-1 LoRa sensor Orchestrating network performance | 25 Thank you! www.infovista.com
Orchestrating network performance |