Wedding Feast at Cana
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Saint Mark Bible Study Gospel of John -- The Wedding Feast at Cana August 15, 2021 (Solemnity of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary) Hail Mary 1 Hail Mary, full of grace the Lord is with thee Blessed art thou among women and Blessed is the fruit of thy womb Jesus. Holy Mary Mother of God Pray for us sinners Now and at the hour our death AMEN! Overview & Objective 2 Objective: • General appreciation for the uniqueness of the Gospel of John. • The treatment of the Blessed Mother in John’s Gospel. • Appreciation for the Old Testament references • This story’s linkage with the Church and the sacramants. Overview of the next 6 Sessions • Day 1 - Session 1 – The Gospel of John - Overview • Day 1 - Session 2 - Wedding Feast – On the Third Day • Day 1 - Session 3 – Mother of Jesus – “Woman” • Day 2 - Session 4 – Bride and the Bridegroom • Day 2 - Session 5 – Water to Wine • Day 2 - Session 6 – The “Hour” Class Objectives (interactive) Q’s 3 What I hope to learn: But what about this???: • .. • … • .. • …. Session 1 – The Gospel of John - Overview 4 August 15, 2021 Session 1 – The Gospel of John - Overview 5 Where we are: • Day 1 - Session 1 – The Gospel of John - Overview • Day 1 - Session 2 - Wedding Feast – On the Third Day • Day 1 - Session 3 – Mother of Jesus – “Woman” • Day 2 - Session 4 – Bride and the Bridegroom • Day 2 - Session 5 – Water to Wine • Day 2 - Session 6 – The Passion – The Hour This Session: Overview of the Fourth Gospel • Authorship & Dating • Structure & Uniqueness of the Fourth Gospel • Themes • High Christology Who Authored the Fourth Gospel 6 • Much debate continues. • Not anonymous like the Matthew, Mark and Luke. • John 21:24 “This is the disciple who is bearing witness to these things, and who has written these things; and we know that his testimony is true.” • The Beloved is one of the twelve (13:23; 21:4-7) • Close to Christ (Peter, James, John); a model disciple • John the apostle was the author Part of early Church Tradition (Irenaeus from Polycarp) • Most scholars believe it was written by John the Apostle & Evangelist and that he is the Beloved Disciple • We will hold that “The Beloved” is the model disciple (as well as the evangelist John). (a Hybrid position of sorts) When Was the Fourth Gospel Written 7 • End of the first century; Most scholars date the forth Gospel between 90 and 100AD. • Some evidence for prior to at the time of the Temple destruction; nothing is mentioned in a past tense relative to the temple etc. • Some theorize it was as later as 150AD; and compiled by students of John • “We” in Chapter 20. Leads one to believe John’s work was penned by his students/followers. • Thus, many theories have been developed, but most scholars date this Gospel between 90 – 100AD. The Basic Structure of the Four Gospels 8 Mark • Opens with a pronouncement of Jesus as the Christ (Messiah) and the ministry of John The Baptist… • Ministry in Galilee, heading to Jerusalem, ending at the cross. Matthew & Luke • Opens with the genealogies and infancy narratives. • Ministry in Galilee, heading to Jerusalem, ending at the cross John • Opens with a prologue (Jn 1:1-18); echoes the creation story and the opening of Genesis “in the beginning”. A new creation in Christ. • Long narratives from Jesus; no parables, nor Last Supper meal. • Christ travels back and forth from Galilee to Jerusalem; ending at the cross. Jerusalem in John’s Gospel 9 Jesus’ Trips to Jerusalem (Coincides with Jewish Feasts) • John 2:13-25 – “The Passover of the Jews was at hand.” Cleansing of the Temple; He is the Temple. In preparation for His ministry. • John 5:1 – “Festival of the Jews” (likely Pentecost) Ignatius Cath. Study Bible • John 7:3 – “Jew’s feast of Tabernacles was at hand”. He professed to being sent from the Father. • John 10:22 – “It was the feast of Dedication”. The light in the darkness. (Hanukkah) • John 11:55 – “Now the Passover of the Jews was at hand”. Jesus now heads into Jerusalem for His Passion and death. The Structure of John’s Gospel 10 I) Prologue (1:1-18) II) Book of Signs (1:19-12:50) Hymn that encapsulates John’s view of Water to Wine at Cana Wedding; Healing Christ. Word with God; Word’s Role in Official’s son; Healing at the Pool in Bethesda; Creation; Believers become Multiplication of loaves; Jesus Children of God; Word Walking on water; Giving sight to becomes Flesh; Only-begotten the man born blind; Raising of Son reveals the Father. Lazarus; so that we might believe. III) The Book of Glory (13– 20) IV) Epilogue (Chapter 21) Last Supper: Washing the Resurrection appearance at the Disciples’ Feet, Farewell Sea of Tiberius; Commissioning Discourses; Jesus’ Great Prayer; of Peter, to “Feed my sheep”. Identification Passion Narrative:, Death & Burial; of the author (“Beloved Disciple”). Eye- Resurrection Appearances, Mary Magdalene, witness account; but not all are recorded Disciples, and Thomas. here… Seven Signs (or Miracles) 11 Were there really 7 signs? 1. John 2:1-11; Changing water into wine at Cana 2. John 4:46-54; Healing of the official’s son 3. John 5:1-9; Healing of the paralytic at the pool (Bethzatha) 4. John 6:1-14; Multiplication of loaves” 5. John 6:16-21; Jesus walks on the water” 6. John 9:1-7; Sight to the man born blind 7. John 11:38-44; Jesus raises Lazarus from the dead. • Anything missing??? • John 20 Resurrection; Jesus conquers death. These signs help all come to believe in Him Major Themes 12 • Water/Holy Spirit: • Jesus’ Baptism (1:29-34), Cana (2:1-11), Water and Spirit(3:1-6); Woman at the well, living water (4:24), The healing of the paralytic in the pool…. • Light/Dark (Time of Day): • “The Light shines in the darkness…the true light” (1:5,9 RSV) ; “It was night”, Nicodemus “came to Jesus by night” (3:2 RSV) “It was about the * sixth hour” (4:6 RSV); the betrayal, “It was night”. • I AM: • Bread of Life; The Resurrection; The Gate; The Good Shepheard; The Way the Truth and the Life. The light of the world, the true vine. • Testimony (like a trial): • John testified to the truth; Nicodemus testifies. Beloved Disciple’s eye witness testimony, His testimony is true…Paraclete is a defense attourny. Major Themes 13 • Trinity and relation to “oneness” with the Father; the Father and I are one; He who has seen me has seen the Father” “As the Father sent me so I now send you” • Jews: The term “Ioudaios” occurs 71 times in the Fourth Gospel; Jews, Jewish, people of Judea, leaders, etc. Not anti-Semitic. * • World; Ruler of the world, you are not of the world but you are in the world. • Creation – Genesis; new creation; In the beginning; 7-days of creation (1:1; 2:1-11; 20:1) Overview of John’s Gospel - Summary 14 • Last of the Four Gospels to be written • Written by John the Apostle • Leaves no doubt about the divinity of Christ • The Word, Only Begotten Son, the Lamb of God. • Significance of Mary, “Woman”, Bride of the Church, New Eve. • Jews, Jewish feasts, Jerusalem. • No Last Supper Meal; Points to a New Passover. Session 2 – Wedding Feast at Cana On the Third Day August 15, 2021 Session 2 – The Wedding Feast – “On the Third Day” 1 Where we are: • Day 1 - Session 1 – The Gospel of John - Overview • Day 1 - Session 2 - Wedding Feast at Cana – “On the Third Day” • Day 1 - Session 3 – Mother of Jesus – “Woman” • Day 2 - Session 4 – Bride and the Bridegroom • Day 2 - Session 5 – Water to Wine • Day 2 - Session 6 – The Passion – The Hour This Session: Wedding Feast – Layered Old Testament Linkage • The Third Day - A Wedding Feast • Seven Days of Creation • Three Days on Sinai • Three Days of Purification. Wedding Feast at Cana 2 More than a Wedding Party: • We will now focus specifically on John 2:1-11. • Not Just a story about a wedding • No explicit mention nor naming of the bride and the groom. • John wants us to look deeper. • Here the wedding is an “earthly event” which John uses to reveal a “divine mystery”. • The miracle of Cana is more than an obedient (to His mother) or generous act (to wedding party) by Jesus; it is rather the initiation of the Father’s final act, in His plan for salvation. • It’s more than a miracle at a wedding party. The Wedding Feast at Cana – John 2:1-11 3 1 On the third day there was a wedding in Cana in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there. 2 Jesus and his disciples were also invited to the wedding. 3 When the wine ran short, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine.” 4 [And] Jesus said to her, “Woman, how does your concern affect me? My hour has not yet come.” 5 His mother said to the servers, “Do whatever he tells you.” 6 Now there were six stone water jars there for Jewish ceremonial washings, each holding twenty to thirty gallons. 7 Jesus told them, “Fill the jars with water.” So they filled them to the brim. 8 Then he told them, “Draw some out now and take it to the headwaiter.” So they took it. 9 And when the headwaiter tasted the water that had become wine, without knowing where it came from (although the servers who had drawn the water knew), the headwaiter called the bridegroom 10 and said to him, “Everyone serves good wine first, and then when people have drunk freely, an inferior one; but you have kept the good wine until now.” 11 Jesus did this as the beginning of his signs in Cana in Galilee and so revealed his glory, and his disciples began to believe in Him.