Ar Spkini: Augmented Reality for Tourism (Muzium Arkeologi Lembah Bujang)

AR SPKINI: AUGMENTED REALITY FOR TOURISM (MUZIUM ARKEOLOGI LEMBAH BUJANG)

MOHAMAD HUZAINI BIN MOHAMAD YUSRI

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFORMATICS MEDIA WITH HONOURS UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2021

AR SPKINI : AUGMENTED REALITY APPS FOR TOURISM (MUZIUM ARKEOLOGI LEMBAH BUJANG)

MOHAMAD HUZAINI BIN MOHAMAD YUSRI

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFORMATICS MEDIA WITH HONOURS

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

2021 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the report is based on my original work except for quotations and citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin or other institutions.

______Name: Mohamad Huzaini bin Mohamad Yusri

Date:

CONFIRMATION

This is to confirm that:

The research conducted and the writing of this report were under my supervision.

______Name: En Sufian bin Mat Deris

Date:

DEDICATION

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful.

Alhamdulillah, I thank God for His grace and grace, I can prepare and complete this report successfully.

First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor, En Sufian bin Mat Deris because with guidance, the advice, and the thoughtful ideas are given me the opportunity to prepare this report successfully.

Besides, my gratitude is also to my colleagues who share ideas, opinions, knowledge, and reminders. They helped me answer every question that was important to me in completing this report.

Thanks also to my beloved mother and father always support and motivated me to prepare for this report for Final Year Project.

I would like to take the opportunity to thank all lecturers of the Informatics and

Computing Faculty for their attention, guidance, and advice in helping and sharing ideas and opinions in making this report successful.

May Allah SWT bless all the efforts that have been given in completing this report.

Thank you.

iii

ABSTRACT

AR SPKini is developed for those focused on the tourism sector. This application is specially developed for tourists and locals in the Kuala Muda Area. This project is based on two main things namely multiumedia and programming. Users need to use a mobile phone to gain access to this application. This AR SPKini application project is intended to make it easy for users to access and study at historical places, namely at the Lembah Bujang Archaeological Museum. With just a piece of map and mobile phone, users will experience an amazing 3D view of the historic building. Information and audio are also included in this application. The ADDIE method is divided into five main parts namely the beginning of the analysis phase, the design phase, the development phase, the implementation phase and the evaluation phase. The use of

ADDIE method can ensure the development of the system runs smoothly and in accordance with the planning that has been set.

ABSTRAK

AR SPKini dibangunkan untuk yang tertumpu kepada sektor pelancongan. Aplikasi ini dibangunkan khas untuk pelancong dan penduduk setempat di Kawasan Kuala Muda.

Projek ini berdasarkan dua perkara utama iaitu multiumedia dan pengaturcaraan.

Pengguna perlu menggunakan telefon bimbit untuk mendapatkan akses aplikasi ini.

Projek aplikasi AR SPKini ini adalah bertujuan untuk membuat pengguna senang untuk mengakses dan membuat kajian di tempat bersejarah iaitu di Muzium Arkeologi

Lembah Bujang. Dengan hanya memerlukan sekeping peta dan telefon bimbit, pengguna akan merasai pengalaman yang menakjubkan dengan pemandangan 3D berkenaan bangunan bersejarah tersebut. Maklumat dan audio juga turut disertakan dalam aplikasi ini. Kaedah ADDIE dibahagikan kepada lima bahagian utama iaitu permulaan fasa analisis, fasa reka bentuk, fasa pembangunan, fasa pelaksanaan dan fasa penilaian. Penggunaan kaedah ADDIE dapat memastikan pembangunan sistem berjalan lancar dan mengikut perancangan yang telah ditetapkan.

CONTENTS

PAGE

DECLARATION i CONFIRMATION ii DEDICATION iii ABSTRACT iv ABSTRAK v CONTENTS vi LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Project Background 2 1.3 Problem Statement 2 1.4 Objectives 3 1.5 Scope 3 1.6 Limitation of Work 3 1.7 Expected Result 3 1.8 Activities, Milestones (Gantt Chart) 4 1.9 Summary of the Chapter 5 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 Previous Research on The Application 7 2.2.1 Augmented Maps : The Capture by Small Video Camera to Visualization An Analogue Map. 7 2.2.2 Smartphone Augmented Reality Application for Tourism 12 2.2.3 AR Mapp – Augmented Reality Map Barcelona 13 2.2.4 AR Map World Peak 15 2.3 Comparison of Article 17 2.4 Comparison Existing Product 19 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 ADDIE Model 22 3.3 Methodology Phase 23 3.3.1 Analysis 23 3.3.2 Design 25 3.3.3 Development 30 3.3.4 Implementation 30 3.3.5 Evaluation 31 3.4 Framework 31 3.5 Hardware and Software 33 3.5.1 Software Requirement 33 3.5.2 Hardware Requirement 34 3.6 Summary of The Chapter 35 REFERENCES 36

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart 4 Table 2.1 Comparison of Article 17 Table 2.2 Comparison Existing Product 19 Table 3.1 Storyboard application 27 Table 3.2 List of Software Requirement 33 Table 3.4 List of Hardware Requirement 34

vii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title Page

Figure 2.1 Milgram’s Reality-Virtuality Continum 7 Figure 2.2 Working method of ARToolKit 8 Figure 2.3 Camera and HMD in see-through-mode 8 Figure 2.4 Layout of augmented map 9 Figure 2.5 Overlay with 3D-TIN 10 Figure 2.6 Augmented switch 10 Figure 2.7 Augmented pointer 11 Figure 2.8 AR view in commercial smartphone application 12 Figure 2.9 Augmented Reality Map Barcelona 13 Figure 2.10 AR Model on the Map 14 Figure 2.11 View from the smartphone 14 Figure 2.12 AR Map World Peaks Interface 15 Figure 2.13 Google Map View on Application 16 Figure 3.1 ADDIE model 22 Figure 3.2 Analysis Phase 24 Figure 3.3 Flowchart 26 Figure 3.4 Framework 31

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

POI Point of Interest

AR Augmented Reality

3D 3 Dimensional

HMD Head Mounted Display

AV Augmented Virtuality

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Technology is a necessity in this day and age. The use of technology is not just for play alone. But, it is a necessity in channeling information related to something you are looking for. There are various developments in the world of technology and it has its own branch. With the current state of affairs being plagued by the Covid-19 pandemic that is forcing us to stay at home. Certainly the use of technology becomes very high because we need to keep in touch and continue the work that hasrus completed. In connection with this project, augmented reality technology was chosen to conduct research and its effectiveness on a place. This technology is very easy to find and use because it only uses smartphones that on average everyone already owns a smartphone.

This study will be conducted in a selected place.

1.1 Introduction

AR SPKini is an augmented reality application that involves interacting with users or using electronic devices such as smartphones. AR SPKini involves 3D models designed by themselves based on the place of study. Looking at the current modernization, technology has grown rapidly and most people or an organization needs to transform into the use of technology as soon as possible. So, one of them is the use of augmented reality in a place. The use of this augmented reality can give an idea of the object displayed in 3D. Consumers will feel different and sometimes it can save money to go to a place.

1.2 Project Background

Tourism is one of the most important service industries for a country. The tourism industry has become a smart investment field that can drive the growth of related industries which all serve as drivers in the development of developed countries in this century. Thus, it can be said that the tourism sector is a sector that has great potential to contribute to the national economy and bring huge profits in the form of foreign exchange. For example, Kedah is one of the states that contributes to the tourism sector in Malaysia. Lots of interesting and historic places to visit and do questionnaires.

Due to increasing the population and tourist in Kuala Muda, Kedah, technology plays a very important role nowadays to further boost the tourism sector. Therefore, we must take action by making a plan and building something creative for the tourism sector.

1.3 Problem Statement

First problem statement is lack of tourist attraction because there is no change in strategy in attracting local and foreign tourist. Secondly, lack of emphasis on tourism activities in the area. If there is an emphasis on the tourism sector in the area, it will definitely be more advanced. Third, the use of technology still less prominent as one of the tourist attractions in the area.

1.4 Objectives

The goal of this project is to make augmented reality that can be used on smartphone.

This project will mainly focus on the following objectives. To design augmented reality mobile application related to Muzium Arkeologi Lembah Bujang. • To develop 3D models based on interesting places in Muzium Arkeologi Lembah Bujang to help further enhance the tourism sector in the district. To test the effectiveness of the AR

SPKini application so that it can be developed carefully and successfully.

1.5 Scope

A chapter may show which target user that my project aim. This project is aimed for public usage such as tourist and local residents. In the application developed is a prototype which can be implemented. The prototype is include some historic buildings.

The AR card will be use for scanning image on the flashcard. Then, its will display the

AR application with animation and few place on the map.

1.6 Limitation of Work

Limitation work of my project is this project is Android smartphone based. The user needs a smartphone (Android only) and flash card which called map. The application provides four type of model only.

1.7 Expected Result

The user will be able to improve and gain their knowledge about AR Technology.

Mode of building map flashcard using AR technology will completely develop. Only android user can access this application.

1.8 Activities, Milestones (Gantt Chart)

Table 1.1 shows the Gantt chart of this project.

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart

Task Name SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER

Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Topic Discussion and

Determination

Project Title Proposal

Proposal Writing

Proposal Writing – Literature Review

Proposal Progress Presentation & Evaluation

Discussion

Correction Proposal

Proposed Solution Methodology

Proof of Concept

Drafting Report of the Proposal

Submit Draft of Report to Supervisor

Seminar Presentation

Correction Report

Final Report Submission

1.9 Summary of the Chapter

Thesis structure is a summary of the whole project that divided into 5 chapters. This thesis described the entire process of developing Augemented Reality (AR SPKini) for the purpose of using tourism activities in the district and the locals.

Chapter 1 : Introduction

This chapter contains explanation of this project including background studies, problem statement, objectives, and project scope.

Chapter 2 : Literature Review

This chapter focuses the literature study on augmented reality implementation for tourism activities purposely that could be used for this project. All the study regarding this topic are observed and analyzed to purpose for better improvement for tourism activities.

Chapter 3 : Methodology

This chapter discussed about the steps or methodology being used while developing the

Augemented Reality (AR SPKini) for Tourism Activities.

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter is to present related literature review to ensure the quality in order to improve this project. This chapter also explains of literature review carried out on the articles and existing application that used a references in developing this application.

Previous research or existing application also been discussed in the session for identifiying the weakness or lacking to related literature review source. Therefore, the purpose of the literature review is to study and analyze the literature or any works or studies related to this application. It is important to well understand all information to be considered and related before developing this application. Some research has been studied to implement in the AR SPKini application.

2.1 Introduction

In this chapter, all of reading, surveying and analyzing has been done to make sure development of this AR mobile applications follow to user requirements and system specification. There were three journals that have been selected as reference towards their system development and implementation in order to develop better and innovative system.

2.2 Previous Research on The Application

2.2.1 Augmented Maps : The Capture by Small Video Camera to Visualization An

Analogue Map.

“Augmented Maps” was issued by Joachim Bobrich and Steffen Otto in 2002.

They both from Institute for Cartography and Geoinformatics, University of Hanover.

They have created am augmented reality based on small video camera to visualization an analogue map that can shows augemented reality as a mixture between the real environment and virtual reality.

Figure 2.1 Milgram’s Reality-Virtuality Continum

Cartographic methods have been developed to reach some pseudo-three- dimensional or pseudo-temporal effects. But they all static and that’s where the problems lies. The map cannot react on the user behaviour. There is no real interaction between user and map like in virtual reality environment, where the user causes reaction of the system. The enrichment of printed maps is the combination with dynamic, variable digital data. So, processes can be visualized in two dimensional.

Figure 2.2 Working method of ARToolKit

ARToolKit uses to determine the relative position of a video camera to a marker (square with the uniques patterns) in the video-stream. To speed up the process the video is turned into inverse black and white by a threshold operation. This

ARToolKit application uses at least a video camera and a computer connected to it is necessary.

Figure 2.3 Camera and HMD in see-through-mode

By using a head mounted display (HMD) a more immersive experience will be created.

So, video capture and video and VR-object output are done in the same place. HMDs can be used in opaque or transparent/see-through-mode. In opaque mode only the virtual objects are shown and the user can see the virtual object overlaid the real environment.

Figure 2.4 Layout of augmented map

Figure 2.4 shows about the layout of augmented map. The actual map is bordered with four patterns. So, the viewer can look at the map, always grasping one reference point to virtual reality. In order to recognize the pattern we have to pay attention to keep distance to other graphical elements.

Figure 2.5 Overlay with 3D-TIN

The graphic outcome is a new archaeological map. In the new map design, this map is in the middle of the sheet. Figure 2.5 shows the local coordinate are parallel to the global, digital terrain-models and other digital geodetic data can be matched to the analogous map.

Figure 2.6 Augmented switch

Figure 2.6 shows the augmented switch which is it can be switched on or off and symbolization of virtual map object can be changed. Repeated recognition of the pattern on the disc will on the one hand change the appearance of sphere on it and on the other hand alter the virtual theme on the AR-map.

Figure 2.7 Augmented pointer

Augmented pointer can be obtained as additional information (Figure 2.7). The virtual objects (visible or not) intersect with the virtual end of the pointer. Depending on the object and the position of the pointer further actions can be triggered.

2.2.2 Smartphone Augmented Reality Application for Tourism

Zornita Yovcheva, Dimitrios Buhalis and Christos Gatzidis was responsible for develop this Smartphone Augmented Reality Application. This AR application focused on tourists roaming in unfamiliar environments and they can use the application to see the place in AR.

Figure 2.8 AR view in commercial smartphone application

In term of tourism-specific, most applications offer interface elements for keyword search and browse through available information. All applications provide maps-based services even though they vary in form and implementation.

The application suggestions interface (Figure 2.8) is annotation connected to sidebar, showing additional information about POI in mTrip (upper left), (B) Several

POIs in mobeedo’s AR view (upper right), (C) Augmented Reality UK.

2.2.3 AR Mapp – Augmented Reality Map Barcelona

This AR Map was developed by SmartTech Group and released on 2017. Basicly, this application redesign the map and put some place in 3D on the map. Figure 10 shows the example of the map that has be designed. The map can be scan using smartphone and each model that can be scan will have “AR” Label each model (Figure 2.10).

Figure 2.9 Augmented Reality Map Barcelona

Figure 2.10 AR Model on the Map

Figure 2.11 View from the smartphone

Figure 2.11 shows the map was scanned using the smartphone. When it scanned to specific building like the castle and stadium, the 3D model will appear on the smartphone and have voice that describe about the place.

2.2.4 AR Map World Peak

“AR Map World Peak” is the augmented application that have publish on google

Play Store. It has data from about 400,000 peaks around the world. When you point your Android device at the mountain, the name, elevation and distance of the peak will be displayed.

Figure 2.12 AR Map World Peaks Interface

The application uses three-dimensional coordinates and a gyroscope to display the name at the peak. The three-dimensional terrain displayed semi-transparently, so its easy to compare it with the actual shape of the mountain and check the location of the peak. When point on Android device downward, the view switches to a 3D view looking down from the sky. We can check the names of the terrain and mountains that can be seen from any location specified on the map.

Figure 2.13 Google Map View on Application

2.3 Comparison of Article

Table 2.1 Comparison of Article

TITLE PURPOSE TYPE AR ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

MARKED- CATEGORIES

BASED

Augmented To scan Yes Education Have instruction Need to use some

Maps – An image using how to use items to use it like

AR small video video camera and application camera and computer to to visualize HMD visualize

map computer

generated

onto real

world

Mobeedo – This AR Yes Tourist -Show the POI It may cause

Smartphone application name and distance cognitive overload

Augmented focused on from our position and hard to

Reality tourist - Shows the details understand the apps

Application roaming in of place and make for Tourism unfamiliar the tourist roaming

environment. in unfamiliar

environment

US Patent – This No Information Displays The position of the

Augmented application information related phone should be

Reality uses to show to the place exactly in place to

Maps the point of Can know the name display the POI

interest on of place and know

the location. how far away from

The apps our position

will display

the name of

place and

details

2.4 Comparison Existing Product

Table 2.2 Comparison Existing Product

No Title Author Technique ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

1 Augmented Maps: Joachim Small -Have instruction -Less attractive

The capture by Small Bobrich and camera how to use -No sound and text

Video Camera to Steffen Otto capture, when use

Visualization An compter

Analogue Map software

2 Smartphone Zornita Mobile -Attractive design -No sound on the

Augmented Reality Yovcheva, Apps, -Have details information

Application for Dimitrios Android about the displayed

Tourism Buhalis and information

Christos displayed

Gatzidis

3 AR Mapp – SmartTech Mobile -Easy to - Limited for certain

Augmented Reality Group Apps, IOS understand user only

Map Barcelona -Attractive design

4 AR Map World Peak ARYamaNavi Mobile -Automatic -No sound

Apps, display the name -Don’t have 3d

Android of mountain model

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

This chapter will explain the details of the methodology being used in this project.

The project methodology should systematically solve all the problems appear in the system analysis to make sure this project complete and working. It is an important step of development since it will guide the researcher through software development.

After the application has been completely develop, it should be tested to make sure all the objective requirement of the project achieved. Then, the ADDIE model method has been used for AR SPKini app based on phase for each development process.

3.2 ADDIE Model

In order to achieve the objective of the project, good planning and methodology must be done before the stage of the process begin. This system has been choosing

ADDIE model as a methodology to develop this project. ADDIE has been almost a standard for professionally developed, high quality distance education programs, whether print-based or online. ADDIE is an acronym for the five stage of a development process: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Each step has an outcome that feeds into subsequent step. The ADDIE model relies in each stage being done in the given order but with a focus on refelection and interaction.

Instructional system design (ISD) is a systematic process for the assessment and development which mean the basic model that can applied to any kind of learning solution.

Figure 3.1 ADDIE model

3.3 Methodology Phase

Five phases in ADDIE model are described as below:

3.3.1 Analysis

The first phrase in the ADDIE model of instructional design is the anlaysis phases. This phase can be considered as the “Goal-Setting Stage”. In this phase, the developer need to make observation and identify the main problems encountered as a whole and state objective of project. To identify the problems, developer should be done through the search of article material and go to the place of study. But, with the current pandemic outbreak, this will inevitably hamper efforts to go to the study site. So, the developer can contact the place of study to request information related to the study made. Besides, the problem statement, objective and existing application on any standards platforms are searched to compare several current application about

Augmented Reality for tourism. This phase will help the project gain more idea about the objective of application development.

• Lack of emphasis on tourism activities in the area • The use of technology is still less prominent as one of the tourist attractions in the area Problems

•To design and develop augmented reality application for tourism uses. •To evaluate the functionality of augmented reality application for tourists. Objectives

•Tourists •Local Resident Target User

•Image Marker •Image building use to Augmented Reality technology Content

•Used 3D modeling to create the object. •Used Augmented Reality technology. Strategy

•Software - Unity 3D - Vuforia - Autodesk Maya Requirement •Local Resident - Laptop - Mobile Phone (Android)

Figure 3.2 Analysis Phase

This analysis phase is based on research and existing application to get the problem,

objectives, target user, content, strategy, and requirement to develop this project. The

structure of analysis important to ensure the project is complete. The research by few

article and existing application to study about the pros and cons for each. Besides, to

gain knowledge about element of multimedia to applied in this project.

3.3.2 Design

The second phase for ADDIE model is to design the idea for the AR SPKini project. The idea get from the analysis phase to plan strategy for developing the instruction. This phase should be systematic and specific. Systematic means a logical, ordely method of identifiying and evaluating a set of planned strategies targeted for attaining the projects goals. Flowchart and storyboard were developed to create a visual map clearly about the project. The feasibility of developing the application on all mobile platforms determined based on information gathered during the analysis phase is reviewed and compiled.

a) Flowchart

A flowchart is a type of diagram that represent the workflow of the application

(figure 3.3). The purpose is to provide user with a common language or

reference when dealing with a project. The main interface start with the start

button to enter the application. The interface will display few button which is

AR Map, Instruction, Credit and Exit. When choose AR Map, the button will

automatically direct to user camera phone. The users will scan an image in the

AR Map. Then, it will detect and display the 3D object an animation. User also

can read the information about the model when its appear.

Figure 3.3 Flowchart

b) Storyboard

Storyboard is a part of multimedia design process. The storyboard shows how

the application will be look after its developed.

Table 3.1 Storyboard application

Enter Page

- This enter page is the first page

user will see when open the

application.

- User need to click “Enter”

button to go to home page.

Home Page

- This page is shows about the

Augmented Reality.

- User need to put their phone

into the marker-based card to

see the 3D model

Setting page

- User can change the setting at

this page.

- They can find it on the AR

Map page.

Download Map Page

- User can download the marker-

based map at this page

Instruction Page

- The instruction has 4 page for

all.

- The instruction show step by

step for each page.

Credit Page

- This is the credit page that

shows who involved in this

project

3.3.3 Development

Development phase is the process for develop the application. This phase builds

on both the analysis phase and design phase. All the modules will be implemented

on this phase. This phase will develop the instruction, 3D modeling, application and

any supporting module will go through in this phase. This may include software and

hardware.

i) Create Marker-Based

ii) Create 3D Model

iii) Store Markers Database in Vuforia

iv) Create AR application use 3D Unity

3.3.4 Implementation

This phase is about process strategies and plan of project into action in order to accomplish strategic instruction. This phase also known as testing phase. When the application already develop, the application will be test first before publish to public.

Testing performed is ensure that the project can be used and running accordingly and to understanding the application and the objective achieved.

• Test Run Project

• User Test Run

3.3.5 Evaluation

This phase is to determine if the objective has been achieved or not based on the instruction. Evaluation phase should occur throughout the entire instructional design process-within phase, between phases and after implementation. It is the process of getting feedback from supervisor on content, graphic, audio, animation and interface.

This is to ensure that the application meet all the requirement that user needed. After all the process done and passed, the project will be released to end user.

a) Debug

b) Final Product

3.4 Framework

Figure 3.4 Framework

This project conducted on the framework of the structure and system flow to achieve the project objective that can be successfully accomplished by analyze AR

SPKini application using. The requirement analysis should be conducted in order to

run the project and the project framework can be created to see and understand the process flow.

In this section will cover a general overview and a specific overview for this chapter’s augmented reality framework. The general overview will give you an idea of the key feature of the augmented reality framework and the specific overview discusses features of the augmented reality framework in specific terms and tells you how you might be able to modify framework for your own custom needs.

Based on the framework, user must use android smartphone to install the application and able to choose any button in application. The user needs to scan any image object from th marker map to display 3D object and press info button to show the description of object. For admin can update the application to add new information or new design.

Admin also available view the response feedback. Unity 3D used to create Augmented

Reality application and overall project environment. Vuforia use to create image marker. The Vuforia detects and tract the features that are naturally found in the image itself by comparing these natural against a known target resource database. Once the

Image Target detected, Vuforia engine will track the image as long as it is at least partially in the camera field of view.

3.5 Hardware and Software

This section will show that all hardware and software involve in the development process. All of these elements are important in development process of the application.

List of hardware and software are shown as below:

3.5.1 Software Requirement

To develop this project, choosing the best software can be a lot of choices, because the software selection depends on the requirement in this project. The software to develop this project is shown as below.

Table 3.2 List of Software Requirement

Software Use

Unity 3D Used to create the Virtual Reality app and overall project and animate 3D characters

Maya 2020 Used to create 3D character models

Adobe Photoshop Used to create sketches of background, characters and posters.

Adobe XD Used to design prototype interface

3.5.2 Hardware Requirement

Hardware is the important in ensuring the research of this project is success. In order to do this research, every hardware has its own function. The hardware to develop this project is shown as below.

Table 3.3 List of Hardware Requirement

Hardware Use

Laptop To create the sketches for the characters, background and create scripts or documents related to application. Also used for on the go coding and 3D modelling.

External Hard Disk To backup all project data

Headphones Used for development and test runs of the projects as well as used for the finished project to amplify immersion.

keyboard Used for typing the coding and design the 3D model.

Mouse Mouse is used during coding and 3D modelling process.

3.6 Summary of The Chapter

Methodology is very important in app development. It helps the author to ensure the application develop correctly from phases to phases. Hardware and software compatibility are also play important role to ensure performance is working well.

REFERENCES

Joachim Bobrich, Steffen Otto. Augmented Maps (2002). Institue for Catrography and Geoinformatics, University of Hanover

Zornita Yovcheva, Dimitrios Buhalis, Christos Gatzidis. Mabeedo. Shool of Tourism, Bournemouth University, UK & Shool of Design, Engineering and Computing, Bournemouth University, UK

Rahmi Fahriana. Strategi pengelolaan kawasan pelancongan di sungai petani. Universiti Utara Malaysia

Arthur Arzumanyan. AR Solar System obtained from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.guidapasquale.solarsystemar&hl=e n&gl=US

ARYamaNavi. AR Map World Peak. Obtained from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.chuna0.ARYamaNaviU&hl=en&gl =US