Marine Mammal Annot Bibliography
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Pathological Findings in Cetaceans Sporadically Stranded Along the Chilean Coast
fmars-07-00684 August 19, 2020 Time: 20:19 # 1 BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT published: 21 August 2020 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00684 Pathological Findings in Cetaceans Sporadically Stranded Along the Chilean Coast Mario Alvarado-Rybak1,2, Frederick Toro3, Paulette Abarca4, Enrique Paredes5, Sonia Español-Jiménez6 and Mauricio Seguel7,8* 1 Sustainability Research Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile, 2 School of Veterinary Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3 Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales y Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Santo Tomás, Viña del Mar, Chile, 4 Programa de Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile, 5 Instituto de Patologia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile, 6 Melimoyu Ecosystem Research Institute, Santiago, Chile, 7 Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States, 8 Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada Chile has one of the largest coastlines in the world with at least 50% of the world cetacean species occurring within its jurisdictional waters. However, little is known regarding the health status and main causes of death in cetaceans off continental Chile. In this report, we summarize the major pathological findings and most likely Edited by: causes of death of 15 cetaceans stranded along the Chilean coast between 2010 Stephen Raverty, and 2019. Drowning, due to fishing gear entanglement, was the most likely cause of Animal Health Center, Canada death in 3 Burmeister’s porpoises (Phocoena spinipinnis), a Risso’s dolphin (Grampus Reviewed by: griseus) and a short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis). -
Dolphin and Orca Behaviour Studies and Individual Identification
Dolphin and orca behaviour studies and individual identification Blue Marine Foundation and Patagonia Projects Project overview - June 2020 1 BLUE MARINE FOUNDATION AND PATAGONIA PROJECTS DOLPHIN AND ORCA BEHAVIOUR AND INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION 2 Dolphin and orca behaviour studies and individual identification Headlines • Toothed whales include dolphins, whales and belugas. • Chile has an endemic dolphin species, the Chilean dolphin (Cephalorhynchus eutropia), and there are thought to be less than 5000 left in the wild. • Each dolphin or orca has a unique pattern of notches and marks on their dorsal fins. • Patagonia Projects started their orca ID catalogue in 2018 and have 14 individuals documented. • The ability to identify individuals allows site fidelity to be studied: which species live in the Golfo de Penas, and how often do they return to the area? Story Very little is known about which odontocete species – toothed whales – frequent the waters of Chilean Patagonia around the Golfo de Penas. In addition, there are past observations of orca hunting sei whales (to the point where they strand on beaches and die) in this area. This prompted the Patagonia Projects team to more closely investigate and document orca behaviour, as well as any other dolphin species encountered. In November 2018, Patagonia Projects collaborated with Dr Isabella Clegg and set up a protocol for on-effort sightings, recording cetacean behaviour and taking photoID data. The aim was to better understand which cetaceans inhabit the area, whether they are residents and whether there is high site fidelity (do they return each year?), and what they are using the area for. -
Responsible Fish Trade and Food Security
RESPONSIBLE FISH TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY Toward understanding the relationship between international fish trade and food security Report of the study on the impact of international trade in fishery products on food security Conducted jointly by Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations and the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs RESPONSIBLE FISH TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY Toward understanding the relationship between international fish trade and food security Prepared by: John Kurien Fellow Centre for Development Studies Trivandrum, India With Inputs from: Sjef van Eijs (Nicaragua) José Augusto Negreiro Aragão and René Schärer (Brazil) Roberto de Andrade (Chile) Andrew Murray and Mamadou Mar Faye (Senegal) M.A.Mensah, K.A.Koranteng, D.Yeboah and A.Bortey (Ghana) Hopolang Phororo and Rehabeam Shilimela (Namibia) Richard O Abila (Kenya) Oscar Amarasinghe (Sri Lanka) Somying Piumsombun (Thailand) Cesar Allan C Vera Jr. (Philippines) V.R.Bidesi, N.Evans, J.Raj, J. Rajan and D.Williams (Fiji ); Nicole Franz and Paola Sabatini (FAO, Rome) Rome April 2004 ii iii CONTENTS Acknowledgements ix Abbreviations x Fact Sheet xi Executive Summary xii 1. Fish Trade and Food Security: 1 An Introductory Overview 1.1 Background 1 1.2 International fish trade in history 2 1.3 International fish trade today: some stylized facts 3 1.4 Fish for food security 5 1.5 For a greater understanding of food security 8 1.6 Food security as a human right 10 1.7 Fish trade and food security 11 1.8 Fish trade and food security: market, state and civil society 11 1.9 The way forward 12 2. -
The Outlaw Ocean Report
The Outlaw Ocean ii The Outlaw Ocean An Exploration of Policy Solutions to Address Illegal Fishing and Forced Labor in the Seafood Industry RESEARCH TEAMS IUU FISHING AND DATA POLICY Neil Nathan | MS Candidate, Earth Systems Hanna Payne | MA Candidate, Earth Systems Victor Xu | JD Candidate, Stanford Law School (SLS) IUU FISHING AND PORT ENTRY Laura Anderson | MA Candidate, Earth Systems Sadie Cwikiel | MS Candidate, Earth Systems Josheena Naggea | PhD Candidate, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources FORCED LABOR IN FISHERIES Nahla Achi | MA Candidate, Earth Systems Natasha Batista | MS Candidate, Earth Systems Trudie Grattan | BS Candidate, Human Biology Katelyn Masket | JD Candidate, SLS RESEARCH ASSISTANTS Shalini Iyengar | JSM, Fellow in the Stanford Program in International Legal Studies, SLS Hai Jin Park | JSD Candidate, SLS, PH.D. Minor, Computer Science Xiao Wang | LLM, Stanford Law School TEACHING TEAM Janet Martinez | Senior Lecturer, Director of Gould Negotiation and Mediation Program, SLS Jim Leape | Co-Director, Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions (COS) Annie Brett | André Hoffmann Fellow, COS Kevin Chand | Early Career Law and Policy Fellow, COS; Lecturer, Stanford dschool Eric Hartge | Research Development Manager, COS PROJECT ADVISORS Luciana Herman | Lecturer & Policy Lab Program Director, SLS Proposed Citation: Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions (COS) and the Stanford Law School (SLS). “The Outlaw Ocean: An Exploration of Policy Solutions to Address Illegal Fishing and Forced Labor in the Seafood -
89 the Country Is One of Fly-Fishing's Last Nirvanas, Offering Anglers Truly
Chile, a hot spot for trout The country is one of fly-fishing’s last nirvanas, offering anglers truly wild fisheries and enormous trout, says Nick Zoll. Photographs by Valentine Atkinson elations between Chile and over most of the 3,000-mile border between simply dividing the disputed lakes in half. to and i were nearing the end of a lengthy scout- motoring over lago General Carrera), we were Above: casting on a tributary of the Rio Aisén, argentina have always been argent ina and Chile rests on the ownership of this day several shared lakes have two names. ing tour of southern argentina’s finest fishing met by an officious-looking naval-grey launch one of Chile’s prolific trout rivers tetchy, with disputes, claims the vast glacial lakes nestling in the valleys of eighty-eight years after edward’s interven- and shooting estancias. With two days left and containing a Chilean border patrol unit. the and counter-claims over the andes and running along the frontier. tional masterstroke, i found myself in a small much already accomplished, we had swapped officers on board wore dark-blue uniforms argentinian, Us and Brazil ian passports all in re sources and land ownership, Heated discussion over which way the lakes boat heading for Chile across the choppy countries. De almeida had been given the nod and side-arms that spoke of trouble if we didn’t one day, or perhaps we enlivened an otherwise likeR petulant siblings arguing over playroom historically drained provoked bitter wran- waters of lago Buenos aires. My companions by a fishing friend that there was a river on the come quietly. -
Investigating the Ecology and Behavior of Blue Whales (Balaenoptera Musculus) in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile
Investigating the ecology and behavior of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile by Alessandro Bocconcelli1, Michael Moore1, John Durban2, Leigh Hickmott3, 4, Gustavo Chiang5, 5 5 1 Gloria Howes , Paulina Bahamonde and Laela Sayigh December 2015 (1) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543-1050, USA. Email: [email protected], [email protected], mailto:[email protected] (2) Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanographic Atmospheric Administration, 89101 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, U.S.A. (3) Open Ocean Consulting, 2 Borough House, 72 Borough Road, Petersfield, Hampshire, GU32 3LF, UK. Phone: +44 (0)1730 233231, email: [email protected] (4) Scottish Oceans Institute, East Sands, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, UK. Email: [email protected] (5) Fundación MERI, Lo Beltrán 2347, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile. Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Technical Report Funding was provided by the Melimoyu Ecosystem Research Institute Front Cover Figure Caption: Photograph of a blue whale in poor body condition in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile in March 2015. Photograph taken by Gloria Howes under Chilean research permit: Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo, Subsecreteria de Pesca y Acuicultura, MERI 488-FEB-2015 Ballena Azul, Golfo Corcovado. Introduction Blue whales are known principally by two contrasting accolades, firstly, as being the largest animal to have ever lived on Earth, and secondly, as having been hunted to near extinction during twentieth century whaling. During the whaling era over four thousand animals were caught in Chilean waters alone (Williams et al. -
Marine Mammal Taxonomy
Marine Mammal Taxonomy Kingdom: Animalia (Animals) Phylum: Chordata (Animals with notochords) Subphylum: Vertebrata (Vertebrates) Class: Mammalia (Mammals) Order: Cetacea (Cetaceans) Suborder: Mysticeti (Baleen Whales) Family: Balaenidae (Right Whales) Balaena mysticetus Bowhead whale Eubalaena australis Southern right whale Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena japonica North Pacific right whale Family: Neobalaenidae (Pygmy Right Whale) Caperea marginata Pygmy right whale Family: Eschrichtiidae (Grey Whale) Eschrichtius robustus Grey whale Family: Balaenopteridae (Rorquals) Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis Arctic Minke whale Balaenoptera borealis Sei whale Balaenoptera edeni Byrde’s whale Balaenoptera musculus Blue whale Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback whale Order: Cetacea (Cetaceans) Suborder: Odontoceti (Toothed Whales) Family: Physeteridae (Sperm Whale) Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Family: Kogiidae (Pygmy and Dwarf Sperm Whales) Kogia breviceps Pygmy sperm whale Kogia sima Dwarf sperm whale DOLPHIN R ESEARCH C ENTER , 58901 Overseas Hwy, Grassy Key, FL 33050 (305) 289 -1121 www.dolphins.org Family: Platanistidae (South Asian River Dolphin) Platanista gangetica gangetica South Asian river dolphin (also known as Ganges and Indus river dolphins) Family: Iniidae (Amazon River Dolphin) Inia geoffrensis Amazon river dolphin (boto) Family: Lipotidae (Chinese River Dolphin) Lipotes vexillifer Chinese river dolphin (baiji) Family: Pontoporiidae (Franciscana) -
Advances in Seafood Byproducts 43 Alaska Sea Grant College Program • AK-SG-03-01, 2003
Advances in Seafood Byproducts 43 Alaska Sea Grant College Program • AK-SG-03-01, 2003 Utilization of Fish Byproducts in Iceland Sigurjon Arason Icelandic Fisheries Laboratories, and University of Iceland, Department of Food Science, Reykjavik, Iceland Abstract Fisheries are the single most important industry in Iceland, and will con- tinue to play an important role in the economy of Iceland for a long time to come. In 2001 the total catch was around 2 million tons, accounting for 62% of the country’s merchandise exports. The living marine resources are, however, limited and it is important to utilize these resources in a sustainable way. It is also important to maximize their value by produc- ing high-priced products from the raw material, which is currently be- ing used for fish meal or simply discarded. For example, today all cod heads from land-based processing plants are being utilized and lately the freezing trawlers have begun freezing them onboard for processing on shore. Fortunately, most of the byproducts are no longer regarded as waste but are used as raw material for fish processing like roe, liver, mince, viscera, etc. The byproducts from salting, freezing, and canning fresh fish and other processes have different qualities and potentials. Therefore, quality management is important and new technologies are emerging that will allow a new range of products to be made from byproducts which will, for example, benefit the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries worldwide. Introduction The living marine resources in Icelandic waters are the most important natural resources in the country. In 2001, the total catch was around 2 million tons, (Fig. -
Review of Small Cetaceans. Distribution, Behaviour, Migration and Threats
Review of Small Cetaceans Distribution, Behaviour, Migration and Threats by Boris M. Culik Illustrations by Maurizio Wurtz, Artescienza Marine Mammal Action Plan / Regional Seas Reports and Studies no. 177 Published by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). Review of Small Cetaceans. Distribution, Behaviour, Migration and Threats. 2004. Compiled for CMS by Boris M. Culik. Illustrations by Maurizio Wurtz, Artescienza. UNEP / CMS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany. 343 pages. Marine Mammal Action Plan / Regional Seas Reports and Studies no. 177 Produced by CMS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany in collaboration with UNEP Coordination team Marco Barbieri, Veronika Lenarz, Laura Meszaros, Hanneke Van Lavieren Editing Rüdiger Strempel Design Karina Waedt The author Boris M. Culik is associate Professor The drawings stem from Prof. Maurizio of Marine Zoology at the Leibnitz Institute of Wurtz, Dept. of Biology at Genova Univer- Marine Sciences at Kiel University (IFM-GEOMAR) sity and illustrator/artist at Artescienza. and works free-lance as a marine biologist. Contact address: Contact address: Prof. Dr. Boris Culik Prof. Maurizio Wurtz F3: Forschung / Fakten / Fantasie Dept. of Biology, Genova University Am Reff 1 Viale Benedetto XV, 5 24226 Heikendorf, Germany 16132 Genova, Italy Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] www.fh3.de www.artescienza.org © 2004 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) / Convention on Migratory Species (CMS). This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. -
List of Marine Mammal Species & Subspecies
List of Marine Mammal Species & Subspecies The Committee on Taxonomy, chaired by Bill Perrin, produced the first official Society for Marine Mammalogy list of marine mammal species and subspecies in 2010 . Consensus on some issues was not possible; this is reflected in the footnotes. The list is updated annually. This version was updated in October 2015. This list can be cited as follows: “Committee on Taxonomy. 2015. List of marine mammal species and subspecies. Society for Marine Mammalogy, www.marinemammalscience.org, consulted on [date].” This list includes living and recently extinct (within historical times) species and subspecies, named and un-named. It is meant to reflect prevailing usage and recent revisions published in the peer-reviewed literature. An un-named subspecies is included if author(s) of a peer-reviewed article stated explicitly that the form is likely an undescribed subspecies. The Committee omits some described species and subspecies because of concern about their biological distinctness; reservations are given below. Author(s) and year of description of the species follow the Latin species name; when these are enclosed in parentheses, the species was originally described in a different genus. Classification and scientific names follow Rice (1998), with adjustments reflecting more recent literature. Common names are arbitrary and change with time and place; one or two currently frequently used names in English and/or a range language are given here. Additional English common names and common names in French, Spanish, Russian and other languages are available at www.marinespecies.org/cetacea/. Species and subspecies are listed in alphabetical order within families. -
Optimal Fishing Mortality Assignment for Southern Hake Merluccius Australis in Chile
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 48(4): 613-625, 2020 Fishing mortality assignment for southern hake, in Chile 613 DOI: 10.3856/vol48-issue4-fulltext-2283 Research Article Optimal fishing mortality assignment for southern hake Merluccius australis in Chile 1 1 2 Felipe López , Jorge Jimenez & Cristian Canales 1Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile 2Laboratorio Dinámica de Poblaciones Marinas y Modelamiento Estadístico (DIMARE) Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile Corresponding author: Felipe López ([email protected]) ABSTRACT. Since 1979, southern hake (Merluccius australis) has been exploited in Chile from the Bio Bio to the Magallanes regions, between the parallels 41°28.6'S and 57°S. There is evidence of a constant fishing effort and a sustained reduction of the fish population, consistent with a progressive decrease in total annual catches. Management strategies based on the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and quota assignment/ distribution criteria have not been able to sustain acceptable biomass levels. A non-linear optimization model with two objective functions was proposed to determine an optimal total catch quota for more sustainable exploitation of this fishery. The first function maximizes the total catch over time in response to an optimal assignment of fishing mortality rates per fleet; the second function maximizes the total economic benefit associated with the total catch. The dynamics of the fish population were represented with the equations of a predictive age-structured model. Decision variables were fishing mortality rates and annual catch quotas per fleet, subject to constraints that guarantee a minimum level of biomass escape over a long-term period. -
1 the Chiloé Small Cetacean Project
The Chiloé Small Cetacean Project - Assessing the conservation status of endemic Chilean dolphins and sympatric species and promoting marine conservation and local capacity building in the Chiloé Archipelago, southern Chile - Progress Report for 2009-10 by Sonja Heinrich (with contributions by M. Fuentes; photos M. Fuentes, S. Heinrich, R. Antunes) I. Overview This progress report summarises the main activities of the Chiloé Small Cetacean Project for 2009 and 2010. During this period the project has been supported by the Organization for the Conservation of South American Aquatic Mammals - YAQU PACHA e.V., the University of St. Andrews (UK), the Universidad Austral de Chile, The Zoological Garden Nürnberg (Germany), the European Association for Aquatic Mammals - EAAM and by the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums - WAZA as Conservation project 07003 (branded in 2007). Our research efforts focus on the Chiloé Archipelago in Chile and have been ongoing since January 2001. This project constitutes the only dedicated and methodologically consistent long-term monitoring project for small cetaceans in southern Chile. Results to date have provided novel and pivotal information on three poorly known small odontocete species – endemic Chilean dolphins (Cephalorhynchus eutriopa ), Peale’s dolphins ( Lagenorhynchus australis ) and Burmeister’s poprpoises ( Phocoena spinipinnis ) (Figure 1). Until recently, all three species were classified as data deficient by the IUCN with very limited information available on their ecology and population biology, and a variety of known or potential anthropogenic threats to their survival identified (e.g. bycatch, habitat destruction, direct take). This project’s findings have contributed to the reclassification of Chilean dolphins to near- threatened during the IUCN status review (2009), and are currently being used to determine conservation areas during the zoning process under the revised Regional Coastal Management Plans for Chiloé.