DOCUMENT RESUME ED 312 329 UD 027 011 TITLE Minority
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 312 329 UD 027 011 TITLE Minority Health in Michigan: Losing the Gap. INSTITUTION Michigan State Dept. of Public Health, Lansing. PUB DATE 88 NOTE 205p.; For executive summary, see UD 027 010. PUB TYPE Reports - Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS American Indians; Arabs; Asian Americans; Blacks; Equal Protection; *Health Needs; *Health Promotion; *Health Services; Hispanic Americans; *Minority Groups; *Mortality Rate; North Americans; Pacific Americans; State Surveys; Whites IDENTIFIERS *Access to Health Care; *Michigan ABSTRACT The wide and growing discrepancy in mortality rates between the minority populations of Blacks, Hispanics, Arab Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans and the White ponulation of the State of Michigan make improving minority health status a matter of simple justice. Section I, "Introduction and Overview," comprises chapter 1, "Minorities in Michigan," which analyzes State demographics. Section II, "Major Causes of Excess Minority Deaths," analyzes specific health problems and comprises the following chapters: (2) "Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease"; (3) "Diabetes"; (4) "Cancer"; (5) "CbPrical Dependency"; (6) "Violence and Injury"; and (7) "Low Birth Weight and Infant Mortality." Section III, "Special Problems," investigates health factors and subpopulations and comprises the following chapters: (S) "Nutrition and Hunger"; (9) "Environmental Hazards"; (10) -"AIDS"; (11) "Tuberculosis"; (12) "Problems of Children"; and (13) "Problems of the Elderly." Section IV, "Systemic Issues," examines social and economic barriers and comprises chapter 14, "Access to Care," and chapter 15, "Jobs and Education." Section V, "Areas for Intervention," reviews areas in which programs can have a positive impact and comprises the following chapters: (16) "Smoking Prevention and Cessation"; (17) "Hypertension Prevention and Control"; (18) "Diabetes Education"; (19) "Reducing Violence and Injury"; (20) "Reducing Low Birth Weight and Infant Mortality"; (21) "Reducing Environmental Hazards"; and (22) "Improved Nutrition and Access to Food." Section VI, "Recommendations," proposes steps to close the gap in health status between minorities and Whites. Each chapter includes a list of references. Statistical data are included on nine graphs and 43 tables. A glossary is appended. (FMW) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *******************************************************t*************** P*./. ealth in Michigan U_S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION "dice of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) CiThiS document has been reproducedas received born the person or organization originatinc E Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of view or opinions stated in this docu- ment do not necessarily represent official OEM position of policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Sry-leact cf-pice 4at/10.1-k(ge-i, TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) CLOSING THE * Michigan Department of PublicHealth 1988 Michigan Dwartment of Public Health MINORITY HEALTH IN MICHIGAN: CLOSING THE GAP Foreword There is a distressingly wide, and in some cases, growing gap in '"7"..._....k.....iiim.7,..., health statusbetween the minority Black, Hispanic, Arab American, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Native American population and the majority population in Michigan. Heart disease, cancer and homicide death rates are all rising for minorities. The minority in- fant mortality rate as well as the mortality rates for diabetes, accidents, and cirrhosis ate, at best, stagnating. In 1985, Michigan's minority death rate exceeded the national level by 18 percent. The pervasiveness and severity of health problems experienced by Michigan minorities led former state health director Dr. Gloria Smith to convene a group of scientists, health professionals and public policy leaders to examine the nature and causes of the dis- crepancy in health status between minorities and- Whites and to recommend po ten tial remedies to close this ga p. I strongly endorsed this initiative and now believe that closing the minority health gap should be the number one priority for the public health community. We now have sufficient All of Michigan has a major stake in improving the health of the data to both awaken our minority population. With nearly one in five residents now belong- sensitivity and guide ing to a minority group, our ability to be economically competitive policy initiatives. in a highly technological society depends on good health and high educational levels in both the Whi te and minority communities. Ad- ditionally, our efforts to reduce health care costs and improve the overall quality of life in our state will depend on progress being made by all groups in reducing rates of illness and injury. We now have sufficient data to both awaken our sensitivity and guide policy initiatives. As the task force report unfolds, it will be apparent that positive results will notbe easily attained, but will require persistent and con- tinuing attention now and in the years ahead. Decisive and coordinated action on the part of business, labor, government, voluntary agencies and individuals to faithfully implement the six major recommendations will bring us closer together and benefit the entire state. Accordingly, I wish to thank the leadershi p and members of the Task Force on Minority Health Affairs, not only for a job well done, but fora job well begun. Raj M Wiener c_______------------- Cc. DIRECTOR'S TASK FORCE ON MINORITY HEALTH IChairperson IVice Chairperson I Vice Chairperson Raj M Wiene.r, J.D. The l_onorable Tony Benavides Don Coleman, Ph.D. Michigan Department of Cristo Rey Community Center College of Osteopathic Medicine Pul-lic Health and Lansing City Council Michigan State University and Black Child and Family Institute Technical Committee IChairperson I Vice Chairperson I Vice Chairperson John B. Waller, Jz, Dr.P.H. Jose Goldman, M.D. Margo Lum Smith School of Medicine Diabetologist Mid-Michigan Asian Pacific Wayne State University Henry Ford Hospital Association I Members Ved Gossain, M.D. Sister Maurita Sengalaub Department of Medicine Merry Health Services Senen Asuan, M.D. Michigan State University Isidore Flores, Ph.D., Alternate Saginaw Community Hospital Midwest Migrant Health Albert M. Head Information Office Steve Blount, M.D. Detroit Primary Care Network Michigan Cancer Foundation Gloria R. Smith, Ph.D. Anahid Kulwicki, Ph.D. College of Nursing Paul Bridgewater Oakland University Wayne State University Detroit Area Agency On Ageing Sheila Caihey, Alternate Stephanie Lucas, M.D. Lucille Smith Endocrinologist Greater Detroit Area Health Joe T. Darden, Ph.D. Council Urban Affairs Programs Virginia Mesa, M.D. Michigan State University City of Detroit Health Clarence Vaughn, M.D. Department and Oncologist Rhetaugh G. Dumas, Ph.D. Michigan State Medical Society Providence Hospital School of Nursing University of Michigan Victoria G. Miller T. K. Wu Joyce Jenkins, Alternate Saginaw Inter-Tribal Michigan Department of Association, Inc. Agriculture Audrey Falcon Saginaw-Chippewa In dianTribe Barbara Ross-Lee, D.O. Department of Family Medicine Michigan State University 5 Vi Minority Health in Michigan Policy Committee I Chairperson 1 Vice Chairperson Vice Chair_ _?rson Barbara Roberts Mason Judy Hollister Mark Nephew Michigan Education Association Governor's Cabinet Council on Detroit American Indian Health and State Board of Education Human Investment Center and Lansing Community College Members The Honorable Erma Henderson Michael C. Murphy Detroit City Council Juvenile Justice Services Ismael Ahmed Loretta Jackson-Sims, Alternate Department of Social Services Arab Community Council for Economic and Anita Hicks The Honorable Raymond Murphy Social Services (ACCESS) AFSCME Local 457 Michigan House of Representatives C. Patrick Babcock Wilbur Howard Carolyn Wilkins, Alternate Department of Social Services Michigan Department of Civil Jane Schieve, Alternate Rights Marylou Olivarez Mason Commission on Spanish Vernice L. Davis-Anthony The Honorable Teola Hunter Speaking Affairs Wayne County Health Michigan House of Department Representatives Robin Orsborn Cleopatra Walker, Alternate Jeffrey Coleman, Alternate Office of Health & Medical Affairs Patience Drake Harold Johnson Office of Health and Medical School of Social Work Michael C. Parish Affairs University of Michigan Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, Nadine Furlong, Alternate Inc. Winston E. Lang The Honorable Vernon Ehlers Human Rights Department N.S. Rangarajan, M.D. Michigan Senate City of Detroit Comprehensive Health Services Michelle Bechc-:1, Alternate of Detroit Ernest Lofton Robert E. Forbes Region 1-A Charles Waugh, J.D. Metropolitan Detroit AFL-CIO United Automobile Workers National Bar Association Leonard Green, Alternate andAmerican Lung Association Dorothy Gonzales Michigan Department of Mental Dominga Torres Moore Claud Young, D.O. Health City of Detroit Southern Christian Leadership Conference 6 Participants vii Ad Hoc Members Annette Abrams Edie Clark Jeffrey It Taylor, Ph.D. The Office of the Governor of Office of Substance Abuse Center for Health Promotion the State of Michigan Services John Trotter John Beasley Chester Eagleman Bureau of Laboratory and Center for Health Promotion Bureau of