*Peony (Paeonia sp.) Daffodil (Narcissus sp.) BULB Deer Resistant Plants by *Purple Coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR Garden Sites and Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) P as A Foxglove (Digitalis sp.) B *Spike Gayfeather (Liatris spicata) Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum) BULB Conditions Statice (Limonium latifolium) Heliotrope (Heliotropium arborescens) A Linda S. Wiles, Horticulturist Threadleaf Coreopsis (Coreopsis verticillata) Iris (Iris sp.) *Tiger Lily (Lilium tigrinum) *Lady’s Mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris) Deer resistance does not mean *Veronica (Veronica sp.) *Lilyturf (Liriope sp.) deer-proof, it is a relative measure *Yarrow (Achillea sp.) *Spiderwort (Tradescantia sp.) and varies with the number of *St. Johnswort (Hypericum perforatum) Dry Borders Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) deer in an area, other food *Veronica (Veronica sp.) available, and time of year. *Boltonia (Boltonia asteroides) Butter and Eggs (Linaria vulgaris) Winter Aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) BULB Additional controls are Butterfly-bush (Buddleia davidii) SH recommended for areas with high *Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) Rocky Area Garden deer populations.*Indicates *Coneflower (Rudbeckia sp.) Basket-of-Gold (Aurinia saxatilis) moderately resistant, others are very *Daylily cultivar (Hemerocallis ‘Stella d’Oro’) Bugleweed (Ajuga sp.) GC resistant; SH–shrub, P-perennial, B- Dianthus (Dianthus sp.) Carpet Bugle (Ajuga reptans) GC biennial, A–annual, GR–grass, GC– *Evening Primrose (Oenothera sp.) Cinquefoil (Potentilla sp.) SH groundcover Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR Dianthus (Dianthus sp.) Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) SH Evening Primrose (Oenothera sp.) Globe Thistle (Echinops sp.) Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR *Hen and Chickens (Sempervivum sp. (spiny ones)) Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) SH Butterfly & Hummingbird Gardens Lamb’s Ears (Stachys byzantina) Lavender Cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus) Anise hyssop (Agastache sp.) Lavender (Lavandula sp.) *Plumbago (Ceratostigma plumbaginoides) GC *Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) Lavender Cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus) Rock Cress (Aubrieta deltoidea) Butterfly-bush (Buddleia davidii) SH *Purple Coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) Spurge (Euphorbia sp.) *Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) Red Valerian (Centranthus ruber) Sundrops (Oenothera tetragona) *Coneflower (Rudbeckia sp.) *Rose Campion (Lychnis coronaria) Threadleaf Coreopsis (Coreopsis verticillata) Dianthus (Dianthus sp.) Russian Sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia) Winter Aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) BULB Forget-me-not (Myosotis sylvatica) P,A *Spike Gayfeather (Liatris spicata) Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR Spurge (Euphorbia sp.) A Shady Entry Garden *Goldenrod (Solidago sp.) Statice (Limonium latifolium) Allegheny Spurge (Pachysandra procumbens) GC Lavender (Lavandula sp.) *St. Johnswort (Hypericum perforatum) *Astilbe (Astilbe sp.) *Marigold (Tagetes sp.) A Threadleaf Coreopsis (Coreopsis verticillata) Barrenwort (Epimedium sp.) GC Mint (Mentha sp.) *Verbena (Verbena x hybrida) A Bleeding Heart (Dicentra spectabilis) *Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) A Wormwood (Artemisia sp.) Christmas Fern (Polystichum acrostichoides) FERN Oregano (Origanum sp.) *Yucca (Yucca sp.) Dead Nettle (Lamium maculatum) GC Ornamental Onion (Allium schoenoprasum) BULB *Edging Lobelia (Lobelia erinus) Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) Herb Garden *Foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia) *Purple Coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) Anise hyssop (Agastache sp.) Forget-me-not (Myosotis scorpioides) P,A Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) P as A *Basil (Ocimum basilicum) A Foxglove (Digitalis sp.) B Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) P as A Catmint (Nepeta catarina) *Fringed Bleeding-heart (Dicentra eximia) *Spike Gayfeather (Liatris spicata) Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) BULB Hellebore (Helleborus sp.) Threadleaf Coreopsis (Coreopsis verticillata) Dill (Anethum graveolens) A *Jacob’s Ladder (Polemonium caeruleum) *Yarrow (Achillea sp.) Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum) BULB Japanese Spurge (Pachysandra sp.) GC Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) SH Lily-of-the-Valley (Convallaria majalis) GC Cut Flower Garden Ginger (Asarum sp.) Monkshood (Aconitum sp.) Ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum) A Lavender (Lavandula sp.) Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) *Baby’s Breath (Gypsophila paniculata) Mint (Mentha sp.) Rue Anemone (Anemonella thalictroides) *Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) Oregano (Origanum sp.) Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum) GC *Blue Salvia (Salvia farinacea) *Parsley (Petroselinium crispum) B Vinca (Vinca minor) Butterfly-bush (Buddleia davidii) SH Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) P as A *California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica) A Sage (Salvia officinalis) Sunny Entry Garden *Coneflower (Rudbeckia sp.) Savory (Satureja sp.) Ageratum (Ageratum houstonianium) A Daffodil (Narcissus sp.) BULB Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Dianthus (Dianthus sp.) Basket-of-Gold (Aurinia saxatilis) Thyme (Thymus sp.) Blue Fescue (Festuca ovina var. glauca) GR Foxglove (Digitalis sp.) B Wormwood (Artemisia sp.) Heather (Calluna sp.) SH *Blue Salvia (Salvia farinacea) Icelandic Poppy (Papaver nudicaule) *Canna (Canna hybrids) BULB Light Shade Garden Common Thrift (Armeria maritima) Iris (Iris sp.) Anise hyssop (Agastache sp.) Larkspur (Consolida ambigua) A Dame’s Rocket (Hesperis matronalis) *Amsonia (Amsonia tabernaemontana) Dianthus (Dianthus sp.) Lavender (Lavandula sp.) *Boltonia (Boltonia asteroides) *Marigold (Tagetes sp.) A Dusty Miller (Senecio cineraria) A Bugleweed (Ajuga sp.) GC Evening Primrose (Oenothera sp.) *Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) A Carpet Bugle (Ajuga reptans) GC *Oriental Poppy (Papaver orientale) *Feverfew (Chrysanthemum parthenium) Flowering Tobacco (Nicotiana alata) A *Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) *Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) select Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR Butterfly-bush (Buddleia davidii) species over hybrids) Four-O’Clocks (Mirabilis jalapa) False Indigo (Baptisia sp.) *Oregon Grape Holly (Mahonia aquifolium) *Gas Plant (Dictamnus albus) Foxglove (Digitalis sp.) Sweet Christmas Box (Sarcococca hookerana) Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) SH Monkshood (Aconitum sp.) *Hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis) BULB Choice Evergreen Trees Lamb’s Ears (Stachys byzantina) Wet Area Garden American Holly (Ilex opaca) Lavender (Lavandula sp.) *Astilbe (Astilbe sp.) *Austrian Pine (Pinus nigra) Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) GR *Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) *Colorado Blue Spruce (Picea pungens glauca) *Marigold (Tagetes sp.) A *Bergenia (Bergenia sp.) *Japanese False Cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera) Maiden Grass (Miscanthus sinensis) GR Forget-me-not (Myosotis sylvatica) P,A *Juniper (Juniperus chinensis) Montbretia (Crocosmia hybrids) *Glory Lily (Gloriosa superba) BULB *Norway Spruce (Picea abies) *Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) A Iris (Iris sp.) Pines (Pinus sp.) *Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana) *Lilyturf (Liriope sp.) GC Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida) *Ornamental Onion (Allium sp.) BULB *Lobelia (Lobelia sp.) Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) *Rose Campion (Lychnis coronaria) Lungwort (Pulmonaria sp.) *Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Scented Geraniums (Pelargonium sp.) *Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana) *Spruce (Picea sp.) *Spike Gayfeather (Liatris spicata) Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) Swiss Stone Pine (Pinus cemba) Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum) GR *Primrose (most) (Primula sp.) *White Spruce (Picea glauca) *Tiger Lily (Lilium lancifolium) Ribbon Grass (Phalaris arundinacea ‘Picta’) *Veronica (Veronica sp.) Sedge (Carex alata) GR Choice Deciduous Shrubs Winter Aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) BULB *Spiderwort (Tradescantia sp.) *Beautybush (Kolkwitzia amabilis) Wormwood (Artemisia sp.) Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum) GC Bluebeard (Caryopteris x clandonensis) Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum) GR *Forsythia (Forsythia sp.) Sunny Fall Garden *Turtlehead (Chelone sp.) *Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) Autumn Crocus (Colchicum sp.) BULB *Potentilla (Potentilla fruticosa) *Boltonia (Boltonia asteroides) Woodland Garden Sweet Fern (Comptonia peregrine) *Coneflower (Rudbeckia sp.) *Bergenia (Bergenia sp.) *Wisteria (Wisteria floribunda) VINE Feather Reed Grass (Calamagrostis x Bleeding Heart (Dicentra spectabilis) acutiflora ‘Karl Foerster’) GR Bugbane (Cimicifuga racemosa) Choice Deciduous Trees Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) FERN American Hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana) Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) GR Dame’s Rocket (Hesperis matronalis) *Beech (Fagus sp.) Maiden Grass (Miscanthus sinensis) GR *Foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia) Birch (Betula sp.) *Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana) Forget-me-not (Myosotis sylvatica) P,A Bottlebrush Buckeye (Aesculus parviflora) *Purple Coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) Fringed Bleeding Heart (Dicentra eximia) Catalpa (Catalpa sp.) Russian Sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia) Ginger (Asarum sp.) *Chinese Paper Birch (Betula albo-sinensis) Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) P as A Hellebore (Helleborus sp.) *European White Birch (Betula pendula) *Spike Gayfeather (Liatris spicata) Holly Fern (Cyrtomium falcatum) Gray Birch (Betula populifera) Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum) GR *Interrupted Fern (Osmunda claytoniana) FERN *Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) *Hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata) Tall Plants for Screening *Jacob’s Ladder (Polemonium caeruleum) *Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum) Bear’s Breeches (Acanthus mollis) *Lobelia (not L. cardinalis) (Lobelia sp.) Japanese Plum Yew (Cephalotaxus harringtonia) Butterfly-bush (Buddleia davidii) SH Lungwort (Pulmonaria sp.) *Kousa Dogwood (Cornus kousa) Cleome (Cleome hasslerana) A Ostrich Fern (Struthiopteris) FERN Mockernut Hickory (Carya tomentosa) Crown Imperial (Fritillaria imperialis) BULB Royal Fern (Osmunda regalis) FERN Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera) Feather Reed Grass (Calamagrostis x *Spiderwort (Tradescantia sp.) Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) acutiflora ‘Karl Foerster’) GR Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum) Pignut Hickory (Carya glabra) Fountain Grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) GR Wood Fern (Dryopteris marginalis) FERN Pin Oak (Quercus palustris) *Goldenrod (Solidago sp.) Poplar (Populus sp.) choose carefully, as many *Joe-Pye Weed (Eupatorium purpureum) Choice Evergreen Shrubs are invasive or of poor quality Maiden Grass (Miscanthus sinensis) GR Andromeda (Pieris japonica) Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea) Red Valerian (Centranthus ruber) Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) GC Red Twigged Dogwood (Cornus alba) *Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) River Birch (Betula nigra) Russian Sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia) Daphne (Daphne sp.) *Saucer Magnolia (Magnolia soulangeana) Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) Drooping Leucothoe (Leucothoe fontanesiana) *Shadbush (Amelanchier canadensis) Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum) GR *Inkberry (Ilex glabra) Tall Shady Screens Littleleaf Boxwood (Buxus microphylla) *Angelica (Angelica archangelica)

Information originally presented as “Deer-Resistant Flower Garden Plans and Some Choice Woody Plants” based on national extension and research reports in 1998-1999, Penn State Master Gardeners were surveyed and report was prepared by Linda S. Wiles. Updated considering the recent summary by Rutgers and local reports in PA. ©Linda S. Wiles 2012