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GLACIERS of NEPAL—Glacier Distribution in the Nepal Himalaya with Comparisons to the Karakoram Range
Glaciers of Asia— GLACIERS OF NEPAL—Glacier Distribution in the Nepal Himalaya with Comparisons to the Karakoram Range By Keiji Higuchi, Okitsugu Watanabe, Hiroji Fushimi, Shuhei Takenaka, and Akio Nagoshi SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD Edited by RICHARD S. WILLIAMS, JR., and JANE G. FERRIGNO U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1386–F–6 CONTENTS Glaciers of Nepal — Glacier Distribution in the Nepal Himalaya with Comparisons to the Karakoram Range, by Keiji Higuchi, Okitsugu Watanabe, Hiroji Fushimi, Shuhei Takenaka, and Akio Nagoshi ----------------------------------------------------------293 Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------293 Use of Landsat Images in Glacier Studies ----------------------------------293 Figure 1. Map showing location of the Nepal Himalaya and Karokoram Range in Southern Asia--------------------------------------------------------- 294 Figure 2. Map showing glacier distribution of the Nepal Himalaya and its surrounding regions --------------------------------------------------------- 295 Figure 3. Map showing glacier distribution of the Karakoram Range ------------- 296 A Brief History of Glacier Investigations -----------------------------------297 Procedures for Mapping Glacier Distribution from Landsat Images ---------298 Figure 4. Index map of the glaciers of Nepal showing coverage by Landsat 1, 2, and 3 MSS images ---------------------------------------------- 299 Figure 5. Index map of the glaciers of the Karakoram Range showing coverage -
Overview Join Our Life Changing Manaslu Trek with Carefully
Manaslu Circuit Trek Overview Join our life changing Manaslu Trek with carefully planned itinerary and inclusive tour price with complete services including local guide, permit and all the necessities for the year 2020 and 2021. The journey of Manaslu Circuit Trek starts from Soti Khola at the altitude of 700 meters from seas level, is a charming village at the bank of Budhi Gandaki river. From lush rice paddies terraced fields with water buffalo and thatched huts, we walk north along the incredible, mountain-capped high route, through sprawling Gurung villages perched on high, terraced hilltops covered in Rhododendron, to reach Kutang, or lower Nubri. Here the ethnically Tibetan inhabitants speak their own dialect, partly Tibetan and partly Gurung, and live a lifestyle that spans Nepal and Tibet. Trekking to Manaslu Circuit is ever higher to upper Nubri, purely Tibetan culture and tradition; we share the trails with yak caravans. Here, trade with Tibet continues as it has for centuries and Tibetan villages have been forged from the wilderness by Tibetan refugees. Inspiring mountain panoramas, dominated by Manaslu itself, are a highlight of the trek as are day hike to Pun Gyen Gompa, Manaslu Base Camp from Sama Gaun and Rui La, a traditional trade route to Tibet at the Nepal-Tibet boarder from Samdo Village, the valley above Samdo near the border of Tibet and the epic crossing the snow-covered Manaslu Larke Pass to Bimtang and Manang region of the Annapurna circuit is life time experiences. This rapid Manaslu Circuit Trek program is planned for those fit and strong people already acclimatized in the Alps or Himalaya with previous trekking experience that allows to experience marvelous Manaslu region in short period of time. -
National Parks and Iccas in the High Himalayan Region of Nepal: Challenges and Opportunities
[Downloaded free from http://www.conservationandsociety.org on Tuesday, June 11, 2013, IP: 129.79.203.216] || Click here to download free Android application for this journal Conservation and Society 11(1): 29-45, 2013 Special Section: Article National Parks and ICCAs in the High Himalayan Region of Nepal: Challenges and Opportunities Stan Stevens Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract In Nepal, as in many states worldwide, national parks and other protected areas have often been established in the customary territories of indigenous peoples by superimposing state-declared and governed protected areas on pre-existing systems of land use and management which are now internationally considered to be Indigenous Peoples’ and Community Conserved Territories and Areas (ICCAs, also referred to Community Conserved Areas, CCAs). State intervention often ignores or suppresses ICCAs, inadvertently or deliberately undermining and destroying them along with other aspects of indigenous peoples’ cultures, livelihoods, self-governance, and self-determination. Nepal’s high Himalayan national parks, however, provide examples of how some indigenous peoples such as the Sharwa (Sherpa) of Sagarmatha (Mount Everest/Chomolungma) National Park (SNP) have continued to maintain customary ICCAs and even to develop new ones despite lack of state recognition, respect, and coordination. The survival of these ICCAs offers Nepal an opportunity to reform existing laws, policies, and practices, both to honour UN-recognised human and indigenous rights that support ICCAs and to meet International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) standards and guidelines for ICCA recognition and for the governance and management of protected areas established in indigenous peoples’ territories. -
A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya
The Himalaya by the Numbers A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya Richard Salisbury Elizabeth Hawley September 2007 Cover Photo: Annapurna South Face at sunrise (Richard Salisbury) © Copyright 2007 by Richard Salisbury and Elizabeth Hawley No portion of this book may be reproduced and/or redistributed without the written permission of the authors. 2 Contents Introduction . .5 Analysis of Climbing Activity . 9 Yearly Activity . 9 Regional Activity . .18 Seasonal Activity . .25 Activity by Age and Gender . 33 Activity by Citizenship . 33 Team Composition . 34 Expedition Results . 36 Ascent Analysis . 41 Ascents by Altitude Range . .41 Popular Peaks by Altitude Range . .43 Ascents by Climbing Season . .46 Ascents by Expedition Years . .50 Ascents by Age Groups . 55 Ascents by Citizenship . 60 Ascents by Gender . 62 Ascents by Team Composition . 66 Average Expedition Duration and Days to Summit . .70 Oxygen and the 8000ers . .76 Death Analysis . 81 Deaths by Peak Altitude Ranges . 81 Deaths on Popular Peaks . 84 Deadliest Peaks for Members . 86 Deadliest Peaks for Hired Personnel . 89 Deaths by Geographical Regions . .92 Deaths by Climbing Season . 93 Altitudes of Death . 96 Causes of Death . 97 Avalanche Deaths . 102 Deaths by Falling . 110 Deaths by Physiological Causes . .116 Deaths by Age Groups . 118 Deaths by Expedition Years . .120 Deaths by Citizenship . 121 Deaths by Gender . 123 Deaths by Team Composition . .125 Major Accidents . .129 Appendix A: Peak Summary . .135 Appendix B: Supplemental Charts and Tables . .147 3 4 Introduction The Himalayan Database, published by the American Alpine Club in 2004, is a compilation of records for all expeditions that have climbed in the Nepal Himalaya. -
DEATH ZONE FREERIDE About the Project
DEATH ZONE FREERIDE About the project We are 3 of Snow Leopards, who commit the hardest anoxic high altitude ascents and perform freeride from the tops of the highest mountains on Earth (8000+). We do professional one of a kind filming on the utmost altitude. THE TRICKIEST MOUNTAINS ON EARTH NO BOTTLED OXYGEN CHALLENGES TO HUMAN AND NATURE NO EXTERIOR SUPPORT 8000ERS FREERIDE FROM THE TOPS MOVIES ALONE WITH NATURE FREERIDE DESCENTS 5 3 SNOW LEOS Why the project is so unique? PROFESSIONAL FILMING IN THE HARDEST CONDITIONS ❖ Higher than 8000+ m ❖ Under challenging efforts ❖ Without bottled oxygen & exterior support ❖ Severe weather conditions OUTDOOR PROJECT-OF-THE-YEAR “CRYSTAL PEAK 2017” AWARD “Death zone freeride” project got the “Crystal Peak 2017” award in “Outdoor project-of-the-year” nomination. It is comparable with “Oscar” award for Russian outdoor sphere. Team ANTON VITALY CARLALBERTO PUGOVKIN LAZO CIMENTI Snow Leopard. Snow Leopard. Leader The first Italian Snow Leopard. MC in mountaineering. Manaslu of “Mountain territory” club. Specializes in a ski mountaineering. freeride 8163m. High altitude Ski-mountaineer. Participant cameraman. of more than 20 high altitude expeditions. Mountains of the project Manaslu Annapurna Nanga–Parbat Everest K2 8163m 8091m 8125m 8848m 8611m The highest mountains on Earth ❖ 8027 m Shishapangma ❖ 8167 m Dhaulagiri I ❖ 8035 m Gasherbrum II (K4) ❖ 8201 m Cho Oyu ❖ 8051 m Broad Peak (K3) ❖ 8485 m Makalu ❖ 8080 m Gasherbrum I (Hidden Peak, K5) ❖ 8516 m Lhotse ❖ 8091 m Annapurna ❖ 8586 m Kangchenjunga ❖ 8126 m Nanga–Parbat ❖ 8614 m Chogo Ri (K2) ❖ 8156 m Manaslu ❖ 8848 m Chomolungma (Everest) Mountains that we climbed on MANASLU September 2017 The first and unique freeride descent from the altitude 8000+ meters among Russian sportsmen. -
Himalayan Climbing Course Notes 2022
HIMALAYAN CLIMBING COURSE 6,119M / 20,075FT 2022 COURSE NOTES HIMALAYAN CLIMBING COURSE 2022 COURSE DETAILS Dates: Trip 1: April 20 to May 14, 2022 Trip 2: October 8 to November 1, 2022 Duration: 25 days Departure: ex Kathmandu, Nepal Price: US$7,500 per person Hone your skills in the Himalaya. Photo: Guy Cotter Cut your mountaineering teeth on the course that teaches big mountain skills in the home of big mountains—the Himalaya. Developed and led by our experienced IFMGA Mountain Guides, our Himalayan Climbing Course provides you with both a solid foundation in high altitude mountaineering and your first 6,000m summit! Learn high-altitude mountaineering skills from experienced Himalayan mountain guides and how to COURSE OBECTIVE look after yourself properly in this stunning, yet high consequence environment. Our Himalayan Climbing Our objective is to pass on the skills, which have made Course will help you on the pathway to becoming a us successful in our own climbing careers. The most mountaineer by introducing skills then immediately important attributes being: putting them into practice on climbs of increasing difficulty and elevation. • Current techniques for high-altitude mountaineering • A climbing standard appropriate to the objective At the completion of the skills development phase, • Attuned mountain awareness the course culminates in an ascent of Lobuche East at • Sound judgement of your own abilities 6,119m/20,075ft high. In addition to the actual climbing • Solid planning and preparation skills skills and mountain movement you will develop your • The basis of good decision making self-awareness and you can utilise the learning to springboard your high-altitude climbing career on an uphill trajectory! SKILLS COVERED We endeavour to cover the following skills during the course, however, factors such as weather and climbing conditions may dictate that some skills are not covered in full: Contents Copyright © Adventure Consultants Ltd 2021 3 Learn high-altitude mountaineering rope skills. -
Landscape Change in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu, Nepal
HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 17 Number 2 Himalayan Research Bulletin: Article 16 Solukhumbu and the Sherpa 1997 Landscape Change in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu, Nepal Alton C. Byers Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation Byers, Alton C.. 1997. Landscape Change in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu, Nepal. HIMALAYA 17(2). Available at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol17/iss2/16 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Landscape Change in Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu, Nepal Alton C. Byers The Mountain Institute This study uses repeat photography as the primary Introduction research tool to analyze processes of physical and Repeat photography, or precise replication and cultural landscape change in the Khumbu (M!. Everest) interpretation of historic landscape scenes, is an region over a 40-year period (1955-1995). The study is analytical tool capable of broadly clarifying the patterns a continuation of an on-going project begun by Byers in and possible causes of contemporary landscapellanduse 1984 that involves replication of photographs originally changes within a given region (see: Byers 1987a1996; taken between 1955-62 from the same five photo 1997). As a research tool, it has enjoyed some utility points. The 1995 investigation reported here provided in the United States during the past thirty years (see: the opportunity to expand the photographic data base Byers 1987b; Walker 1968; Heady and Zinke 1978; from five to 26 photo points between Lukla (2,743 m) Gruell 1980; Vale, 1982; Rogers et al. -
Ama Dablam Base Camp
NEPAL –Ama Dablam Base Camp TREK OVERVIEW This is a wonderful trek to the base camp of one of the world’s most beautiful mountains. The mountain is well named. Ama Dablam means Mother’s Charm box. Ama (mother) refers to the two great ridges above base camp, they are like enfolding arms of a mother. A Dablam is a pendant worn by Sherpa women that contains pictures of the Buddhist gods – this refers to the huge hanging serac high on the West Face, the shortest of the Everest treks that Adventure Walks offers. The trek takes you through the lush vegetation of Sagarmatha National Park, with pine forests, rhododendron flowers and an abundance of wildlife to Thengboche, the home of one of the highest monasteries in the world (4100m) and a classic viewpoint for Everest and AmaDablam. It then continues up to Pangboche before swinging off to Ama Dablam Base Camp. This trek offers an excellent introduction to the delights of trekking in the Himalaya, the colourful and vibrant city of Kathmandu and interaction with the legendary Sherpa people Participation Statement Adventure Peaks recognises that climbing, hill walking and mountaineering are activities with a danger of personal injury or death. Participants in these activities should be aware of and accept these risks and be responsible for their own actions and involvement. Adventure Travel – Accuracy of Itinerary Although it is our intention to operate this itinerary as printed, it may be necessary to make some changes as a result of flight schedules, climatic conditions, limitations of infrastructure or other operational factors. -
Blackrock Trek Everest Base Camp
Blackrock trek Everest Base Camp Pass through breathtaking mountain scenery, original Buddhist carvings and the legendary monastery of the Tengboche, and experience day-to-day life on the world’s tallest mountain! actionchallenge on Everest The Everest Base Camp challenge takes us through some of the most breathtaking mountain scenery the world has to offer! It’s an incredible sixteen day adventure, which will only keep you out of the office for ten days! We follow the contours of valleys along glacial rivers, we trek up through stunning rhododendron forests and pass through some of the highest villages on earth. The spirit of the mountains is intertwined with the spirit of the Sherpa people; colourful prayer flags flutter in the wind, prayer wheels spin and intricately carved mani stones line our route. From high above Namche we watch the sun rise over the snow capped peaks of the Himalayan giants, at night we see the mountain of Nuptse bathed in the ethereal light of the full moon and from Kala Patthar we catch an awe-inspiring view of the summit of Everest. As we ascend above the tree line the expedition buzz is palpable. Team spirit and determination drives us along the Khumbu glacier to reach the hallowed ground of mountaineers, Everest Base Camp. Standing on the roof of the world is an incredible shared moment that will last a lifetime. This is a true challenge that bonds us together and, back in Kathmandu, we enjoy a special dinner to celebrate our incredible journey to Everest, the greatest mountain on earth. -
Manaslu - Annapurna Grand Traverse Trek
Manaslu - Annapurna Grand Traverse Trek This traverse takes us through the best combination of scenery in the Nepal Himalaya, even better than the Everest area. This trek has two components, you can join us to do the whole journey or you can exit after completing the Manaslu section. Our trip begins in Kathmandu, the “city of temples”. We have a full day to get our bearings from our centrally located hotel, with time to shop and visit the sights. We set off for Arughat Bazaar in a private vehicle/bus. Trekking begins after a Jeep ride to Soti Khola. Following the Buri Gandaki valley we trek through ever changing landscapes, crossing broad alluvial river flats & agricultural areas adorned with tiny villages, passing through thick old growth forests guarded by steep sided valleys. In a safe trekking style, we start at low altitudes, walking through rural villages where the locals grow much of their own food and trade flows up and down valley by mule caravan. This route is an old and still active trade route into Tibet. There is no need to rush on this trek, we aim for a steady ascent of the valley & there are lots of optional side trips planned to help us acclimatise and experience the small gems off the main path. Most treks ignore the side trips and just try to get through the area as fast as possible. Traversing a wide range of Himalayan environments, we trek through low altitude tropical and sub tropical farmlands & temperate forests of large conifers. When we enter the sub-alpine areas the Rhododendron trees appear. -
The Himalayas Continue to Enchant Japanese Climbers
History The Himalayas Continue to Enchant Japanese Climbers Large numbers of mountain lovers from Japan are regular visitors to Nepal since the ascent of Mt. Manaslu in 1956 by a Japanese expedition team. Many Japanese mountaineers have climbed the high peaks of the Himalayas, including Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest). Sherpas carrying loads across the Manaslu glacier, heading towards Naike Col in 1956 World Firsts Ms. Junko Tabei, a member of the Japanese women’s Everest expedition team, successfully reached the summit of Sagarmatha on May 16, 1975. Ms. Tabei, being the first woman in the world to scale Sagarmatha, was enthusiastically praised by people all around the world for her brilliant achievement in a year that was designated international women's year. The year 2002 has been even more remarkable than previous years due to the achievements of some great explorers who have set new world records for the twenty-first century. Ms. Tamae Watanabe (63*) succeeded in climbing to Japan Ladies Climbing Club Credit: the top of Sagarmatha on May 16, 2002. She is the oldest Ms. Junko Tabei on the top of woman in the world to reach the top successfully. Sagarmatha Mr. Yuichiro Miura (69*) internationally well known as “the man who skied down Sagarmatha” and his son Gota Miura (32*) reached the top of Cho Oyu (8,201m), the sixth highest mountain in the world on May 9, 2002. He was not only the oldest man to reach a summit of 8000m, but with Gota, was a member of the first successful father and son duo to climb an 8000m peak. -
Constructing Reservoir Dams in Deglacierizing Regions of the Nepalese Himalaya the Geneva Challenge 2018
Constructing reservoir dams in deglacierizing regions of the Nepalese Himalaya The Geneva Challenge 2018 Submitted by: Dinesh Acharya, Paribesh Pradhan, Prabhat Joshi 2 Authors’ Note: This proposal is submitted to the Geneva Challenge 2018 by Master’s students from ETH Zürich, Switzerland. All photographs in this proposal are taken by Paribesh Pradhan in the Mount Everest region (also known as the Khumbu region), Dudh Koshi basin of Nepal. The description of the photos used in this proposal are as follows: Photo Information: 1. Cover page Dig Tsho Glacial Lake (4364 m.asl), Nepal 2. Executive summary, pp. 3 Ama Dablam and Thamserku mountain range, Nepal 3. Introduction, pp. 8 Khumbu Glacier (4900 m.asl), Mt. Everest Region, Nepal 4. Problem statement, pp. 11 A local Sherpa Yak herder near Dig Tsho Glacial Lake, Nepal 5. Proposed methodology, pp. 14 Khumbu Glacier (4900 m.asl), Mt. Everest valley, Nepal 6. The pilot project proposal, pp. 20 Dig Tsho Glacial Lake (4364 m.asl), Nepal 7. Expected output and outcomes, pp. 26 Imja Tsho Glacial Lake (5010 m.asl), Nepal 8. Conclusions, pp. 31 Thukla Pass or Dughla Pass (4572 m.asl), Nepal 9. Bibliography, pp. 33 Imja valley (4900 m.asl), Nepal [Word count: 7876] Executive Summary Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. The heating of the oceans, sea level rise, ocean acidification and coral bleaching, shrinking of ice sheets, declining Arctic sea ice, glacier retreat in high mountains, changing snow cover and recurrent extreme events are all indicators of climate change caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas effect.