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Blood-Soaked Secrets Why Iran’S 1988 Prison Massacres Are Ongoing Crimes Against Humanity
BLOOD-SOAKED SECRETS WHY IRAN’S 1988 PRISON MASSACRES ARE ONGOING CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Cover photo: Collage of some of the victims of the mass prisoner killings of 1988 in Iran. Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons © Amnesty International (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: MDE 13/9421/2018 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS GLOSSARY 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 METHODOLOGY 18 2.1 FRAMEWORK AND SCOPE 18 2.2 RESEARCH METHODS 18 2.2.1 TESTIMONIES 20 2.2.2 DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 22 2.2.3 AUDIOVISUAL EVIDENCE 23 2.2.4 COMMUNICATION WITH IRANIAN AUTHORITIES 24 2.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 25 BACKGROUND 26 3.1 PRE-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 26 3.2 POST-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 27 3.3 IRAN-IRAQ WAR 33 3.4 POLITICAL OPPOSITION GROUPS 33 3.4.1 PEOPLE’S MOJAHEDIN ORGANIZATION OF IRAN 33 3.4.2 FADAIYAN 34 3.4.3 TUDEH PARTY 35 3.4.4 KURDISH DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF IRAN 35 3.4.5 KOMALA 35 3.4.6 OTHER GROUPS 36 4. -
PROTESTS and REGIME SUPPRESSION in POST-REVOLUTIONARY IRAN Saeid Golkar
THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY n OCTOBER 2020 n PN85 PROTESTS AND REGIME SUPPRESSION IN POST-REVOLUTIONARY IRAN Saeid Golkar Green Movement members tangle with Basij and police forces, 2009. he nationwide protests that engulfed Iran in late 2019 were ostensibly a response to a 50 percent gasoline price hike enacted by the administration of President Hassan Rouhani.1 But in little time, complaints Textended to a broader critique of the leadership. Moreover, beyond the specific reasons for the protests, they appeared to reveal a deeper reality about Iran, both before and since the 1979 emergence of the Islamic Republic: its character as an inherently “revolutionary country” and a “movement society.”2 Since its formation, the Islamic Republic has seen multiple cycles of protest and revolt, ranging from ethnic movements in the early 1980s to urban riots in the early 1990s, student unrest spanning 1999–2003, the Green Movement response to the 2009 election, and upheaval in December 2017–January 2018. The last of these instances, like the current round, began with a focus on economic dissatisfaction and then spread to broader issues. All these movements were put down by the regime with characteristic brutality. © 2020 THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. SAEID GOLKAR In tracking and comparing protest dynamics and market deregulation, currency devaluation, and the regime responses since 1979, this study reveals that cutting of subsidies. These policies, however, spurred unrest has become more significant in scale, as well massive inflation, greater inequality, and a spate of as more secularized and violent. -
Iran and Yemen; Study the Reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen and Its Results
Iran and Yemen; Study the Reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen and Its Results Amir Reza Emami¹, Fatemeh Zare² ¹,2 Graduate of Political Science (International Relations), Department of Law and Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Yazd, Yazd University, Iran. Abstract The Islamic Revolution of Iran took place in 1789 and was the first successful revolution inspired by Islam. Undoubtedly, this revolution had repercussions on the peripheral and semi-peripheral countries of Iran, and among the semi-peripheral countries of Iran, which was affected by the Iranian revolution, was Yemen. In the following years, with the beginning of the Arab Spring (Islamic Awakening), this country underwent changes and protest movements were formed in it, the content of which was very close to the foundations of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1789. These protests and anti-government movements in Yemen at the time led to the revolution and ultimately to the victory of the Yemeni Houthis and the Ansarullah movement. But what could be the consequences of this event in Yemen? Do these results include the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In fact, the main question of this research is what are the results of the reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen. Therefore, this study seeks to first examine the reflection of the Islamic Revolution in Yemen and then explain its results. The method of the present research is qualitative and based on descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting data and information is based on documentary studies, libraries and reputable research and extension science journals and various statistics. -
The 1St Belt and Road Teenager Maker Camp & Teacher Workshop
The 1st Belt and Road Teenager Maker Camp & Teacher Workshop Co-organized by CYSC-CAST and ECOSF as a major contributor in Beijing, China The first “Belt and Road Teenager Maker Camp & Teacher Workshop” was organized on December 17-22, 2017 at the No 35 Beijing High School. The event was jointly organized by Children and Youth Science Centre (CYSC) of China Association of Science and Technology (CAST), Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of P.R. China and supported by ECO Science Foundation (ECOSF), InterAcadmy Partnership Science Education Programme (IAP SEP) and Academy of Engineering and Technology of the Developing World (AETDEW). The theme of this event was "Thinking & Making” and was jointly opened by the leadership of CAST, MoST, ECOSF and AETDEW by an innovative way of highlighting the board. There were 118 students/teenagers and teachers/coordinators (students-74+ teachers/coordinators-44) from 16 countries from 4 continents. Among 16 participating countries, four were from ECO region viz. Iran, Kazakhstan, Pakistan and Turkey, all with the efforts of ECOSF. ECOSF was represented by President ECOSF and Assistant Director (Admin & Programmes). Some 42 participants joined from ECO countries, which included 27 students. Prof. Xu Yanhao, the Vice Chairman and Executive Secretary of CAST, in his remarks on the occasion, appreciated the large number of participants from diverse countries. He thanked ECOSF and its President Soomro and AETDEW and its President Professor Lee for being partners of the event and hoped that the event would bring some healthy scientific activities coupled with latest technologies and cultural integration along the Belt and Road. -
Curriculum Vitae∗
Curriculum Vitae ∗∗∗ Dr. Sameen Ahmed Khan, Ph.D Associate Professor , Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences ( CAAS ) Dhofar University Post Box No. 2509, Postal Code: 211, Salalah , Sultanate of Oman [email protected] http://www.du.edu.om/ GSM: +968-9953XXXX http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.url?authorId=8452157800 http://sites.google.com/site/rohelakhan/ CAREER OBJECTIVE Faculty Member in Departments of Physics or Mathematics in Universities, Institutes of Technology or Engineering Colleges with teaching and research in Physics and Mathematics. EDUCATION Ph.D (Mathematical Physics), The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Madras, India (1991-1997). Dissertation : Development of quantum mechanical treatment for the study of transport of charged- particle beams through electromagnetic systems. Advisor : Professor Ramaswamy Jagannathan. M.S. (Physics), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India (1988-1990). B.S. Honors (Physics), Osmania University, Hyderabad, India (1985-1988). Computer Experience: Familiar with UNIX/LINUX, DOS, Fortran, Mathematica, LaTeX, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Power Point and Web-Designing. TEACHING EXPERIENCE Full-time Lecturer Salalah College of Technology, SCOT , May-2006 – 2015. Middle East College of Information Technology, MECIT , 2003-2006. Mathematics Teaching: Foundation Mathematics, Statistics, College Mathematics, Calculus with Numerical Methods, Advanced Calculus and Engineering Mathematics Physics Teaching: Physics-1 for Engineering, Physics-2 for Engineering, Physics, Engineering Mechanics and Engineering Physics. Other activities • Drafted the syllabus for the new Bachelor of Science Programme. • Set up the Department Homepage on the College Intranet, which contains in-house prepared Lecture Notes and Question Banks , meeting most of the requirements of all the courses offered by the department. -
Popular Writings∗
Popular Writings∗ Dr. Sameen Ahmed Khan ([email protected]) Associate Professor Department of Mathematics and Sciences College of Arts and Applied Sciences (CAAS) Dhofar University Post Box No. 2509, Postal Code: 211 Salalah, Sultanate of Oman. http://www.du.edu.om/ http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.url?authorId=8452157800 http://SameenAhmedKhan.webs.com/ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1264-2302 http://www.imsc.res.in/∼jagan/ A. Book • Sameen Ahmed Khan, International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies, LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Germany (Thursday the 30 July 2015), 96 pages. http://www.lap-publishing.com/, http://isbn.nu/9783659764820/ ISBN-13: 978-3-659-76482-0 and ISBN-10: 3659764825. B. Book Chapters 1. Sameen Ahmed Khan, International Year of Light and History of Optics, Chapter-1 in: Advances in Photonics Engineering, Nanophotonics and Biophotonics, Editor: Tanya Scott, (Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2016, http://www.novapublishers.com/). pp. 1-56 (April 2016). (Hard Cover: pp. 1-56, ISBN-10: 163484498X and ISBN-13: 978-1-63484-498-7). (ebook: pp. 1-56, ISBN-10: 1634845307 and ISBN-13: 978-1-63484-530-4). 2. Sameen Ahmed Khan, Synchrotron Radiation from Prediction to Production, Chapter-4 in: Horizons in World Physics, Volume 294, Editor: Albert Reimer, (Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2017, http://www.novapublishers.com/). pp. 123-178 (01 November 2017). (Hard Cover: pp. 123-178, ISBN-10: 1536125156 and ISBN-13: 978-1-53612-515-3). (ebook: pp. 123-178, ISBN-10: 1-5361-2544-X and ISBN-13: 978-1-53612-544-3). 3. Sameen Ahmed Khan, UNESCO Sultan Qaboos Prize for Environmental Preservation, Chapter-5 in: A tribute to the Lasting Legacy of His Majesty the Sultan, Success Stories of the CEOs, 48th Glorious Renaissance Day, Editor: Hassan Kamoonpuri, pp. -
The Politics of National Celebrations in Post-Revolutionary Iran
Leiden University Research Master in Middle Eastern Studies The Politics of National Celebrations in post-revolutionary Iran Dario Intini s1385267 Supervisor: Dr. A.A. (Asghar) Seyed-Gohrab MASTER'S THESIS August 2015 Contents List of Figures ……………………………………………………………………………... 3 Notes on Transliteration, Translations, and Dates……………………………………… 4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………5 The Scope of the Thesis…………………………………………………………………. 9 Organization of the Thesis……………………………………………………………... 10 Previous Studies on the Subject………………………………………………………... 11 Chapter One: Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………..13 Theories of Collective Memory………………………………………………………….13 Commemorations………………………………………………………………………..15 National Celebrations……………………………………………………………………16 Religious and Secular Festivals, Rituals, and Symbols………………………………....18 Nations, Nationalism, and Iranian Identity……………………………………………...20 Commemorative Narrative, and Master Commemorative Narrative…………………...23 Chapter Two: Iranian Calendar………………………………………………………...25 Public Holidays………………………………………………………………………....28 The Islamization of the Calendar……………………………………………………….31 The appropriation of non-Islamic commemorations……………………………………32 The appropriation of western commemorations………………………………………...33 The appropriation of past historicl events………………………………………………34 Chapter Three: Ceremonies around the death of the Shiite Saint Hoseyn....................37 Official State Narrative………………………………………………………………… 37 The Politics of the Commemoration…………………………………………………… 39 Associated Events……………………………………………………………………… -
Science and Technology Foundation
Cover-1-4.pdf 1 09-Oct-18 7:30:17 PM South-South in Action Mustafa Science and Technology Foundation C M The Mustafa (pbuh) Science and Technology Foundation and Technology (pbuh) Science The Mustafa Y CM MY CY CMY K South-South in Action Human Welfare and Peace through Development of Science and Technology The Mustafa(pbuh) Science and Technology Foundation Mustafa Science and Technology Foundation Cover-1-4.pdf 2 09-Oct-18 7:30:17 PM www.mstfdn.org Mustafa Science and Technology Foundation English: C Twitter: @MustafaPrize M Facebook: facebook.com/MustafaPrizeEn Y LinkedIn: linkedin.com/company/mustafa-prize CM Instagram: mustafaprize_en MY YouTube: youtube.com/channel/UCQeipk61Nk7V187gRVFlRVQ CY Flickr: flickr.com/photos/133381189@N02 CMY Arabic: K Twitter: @mustafaprize_ar Copyright © the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation and the Mustafa Science Facebook: facebook.com/Mustafaprize1.ar/ and Technology Foundation 2018 Instagram: mustafaprize_ar YouTube: youtube.com/channel/UCGX0s7SJP7kosuZhrcZuAXA United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation Flickr: flickr.com/photos/mustafaprizear 304 East 45th Street FF11-th Floor NYC, NY 017 10017 Farsi: Instagram: mustafaprize_fa Aparat: mustafaprize Mustafa Science and Technology Foundation Sapp: mustafaprize Flat No. 2, No. 8 ,2th Alley, Sangabi Ave, Madar Square, Mirdamad Blvd Lenzor: mustafaprize Tehran, Iran The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the United Nations, including UNDP, or United Nations Member States. The designations employed and the presentation of material on maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations or UNDP concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Global Journal of Management and Business Research: a Administration and Management
OnlineISSN:2249-4588 PrintISSN:0975-5853 DOI:10.17406/GJMBR SmartMindsBrainDrain ImpactofRaceonEmployment RelationshipofHumanCapital CustomerRelationshipManagement VOLUME 18 ISSUE 2 VERSION 1.0 Global Journal of Management and Business Research: A Administration and Management Global Journal of Management and Business Research: A Administration and Management Volume 18 Issue 2 (Ver. 1.0) Open Association of Research Society © Global Journal of Global Journals Inc. Management and Business (A Delaware USA Incorporation with “Good Standing”; Reg. Number: 0423089) Sponsors:Open Association of Research Society Research. 2018. Open Scientific Standards All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in version 1.0 Publisher’s Headquarters office of “Global Journal of Science Frontier Research.” By Global Journals Inc. Global Journals ® Headquarters All articles are open access articles distributed 945th Concord Streets, under “Global Journal of Science Frontier Research” Framingham Massachusetts Pin: 01701, Reading License, which permits restricted use. United States of America Entire contents are copyright by of “Global USA Toll Free: +001-888-839-7392 Journal of Science Frontier Research” unless USA Toll Free Fax: +001-888-839-7392 otherwise noted on specific articles. No part of this publication may be reproduced Offset Typesetting or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including G lobal Journals Incorporated photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written 2nd, Lansdowne, Lansdowne Rd., Croydon-Surrey, permission. Pin: CR9 2ER, United Kingdom The opinions and statements made in this book are those of the authors concerned. Packaging & Continental Dispatching Ultraculture has not verified and neither confirms nor denies any of the foregoing and no warranty or fitness is implied. -
PDF Document
Iran Human Rights Documentation Center The Iran Human Rights Documentation Center (IHRDC) believes that the development of an accountability movement and a culture of human rights in Iran are crucial to the long-term peace and security of the country and the Middle East region. As numerous examples have illustrated, the removal of an authoritarian regime does not necessarily lead to an improved human rights situation if institutions and civil society are weak, or if a culture of human rights and democratic governance has not been cultivated. By providing Iranians with comprehensive human rights reports, data about past and present human rights violations, and information about international human rights standards, particularly the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the IHRDC programs will strengthen Iranians’ ability to demand accountability, reform public institutions, and promote transparency and respect for human rights. Encouraging a culture of human rights within Iranian society as a whole will allow political and legal reforms to have real and lasting weight. The IHRDC seeks to: . Establish a comprehensive and objective historical record of the human rights situation in Iran, and on the basis of this record, establish responsibility for patterns of human rights abuses; . Make the record available in an archive that is accessible to the public for research and educational purposes; . Promote accountability, respect for human rights and the rule of law in Iran; and Encourage an informed dialogue on the human rights situation in Iran among scholars and the general public in Iran and abroad. Iran Human Rights Documentation Center 129 Church Street New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA Tel: +1-(203)-772-2218 Fax: +1-(203)-772-1782 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.iranhrdc.org IHRDC would like to thank the principal author of this report, Shahin Milani, as well as the team of researchers, editors and translators that made this publication possible. -
Index of Iranian Participant 212 2017 Company Name Page
Index of Iranian participant 212 2017 www.khoushab.com Company Name Page 0ta100 Iranian Industry 228 Abin Gostar Marlik Eng. Group 228 Abtin Sanat Dana Plast 228 Adak Starch 228 Adili Machinery Packing 228 Adonis Teb Laboratory 229 Afshan Sanatavaran Novin 229 Agricaltural Services Holding 229 Agro Food News Agency 229 Ala Sabz Kavir (Jilan) 229 Aladdin Food Ind. 230 Alborz Bahar Machine 230 Alborz Machine Karaj 230 Alborz Sarmayesh 230 Alborz Steel 230 Alia Golestan Food Ind. 231 Almas Film Azarbayjan 231 Almatoz 231 Ama 231 Amad Polymer 231 Arad Science & Technique 232 Ard Azin Neshasteh 232 Ardin Shahd 232 Argon Sanat Sepahan 232 Ari Candy Sabalan Natural & Pure Honey 232 Aria Grap Part 233 Aria Plastic Iranian 233 Arian Car Pack 233 Arian Milan 233 Arian Zagros Machine 233 Arkan Felez 234 Armaghan Behshahd Chichest (Mirnajmi Honey) 234 telegram.me/golhaco instagram:@golhaco www.golhaco.ir صدای مشرتی: 5-66262701 تلفکس: 66252490-4 club.golhaco.ir پس از هر طلوع چاشنی زندگی تان می شویم 213 www.khoushab.com 2017 Company Name Page Armaghan Chashni Toos (Arshia) 234 Armaghan Dairy (Manimas) 234 Arman Goldasht 234 Armen Goosht 235 Arvin Bokhar Heating Ind. 235 Asal Dokhte Shahd 235 Asan Kar Ind. Group 235 Asan Pack (Asan Ghazvin Pack & Print Ind.) 235 Ashena Lable 236 Ashianeh Sabz Pardisan 236 Ashkan Mehr Iranian 236 Asia Borj 236 Asia Cap Band 236 Asia Shoor 237 Atlas Tejarat Saina 237 Atrin Protein 237 Ava 237 Aytack Commercial 237 Azar Halab 238 Azar Yeshilyurt 238 Azin Masroor 238 Azooghe Shiraz 238 Bahraman Saffron 238 Barzegar Magazine 239 Barzin Sanat Koosha 239 Baspar Pishrafteh Sharif 239 Behafarin Behamin 239 Behban Shimi 239 Beheshtghandil 240 Behfar Machine Sahand 240 Behin Azma Shiraz Eng. -
Laboratory & Diagnosis
Laboratory & Diagnosis Official Journal of Iranian Association of Clinical Laboratory Doctors Supplement Issue for IQC 17 Editorial Board Members: Dr. Kamaledine. Bagheri, DCLS Dr. Saeed Mahdavi, DCLS Dr. Mohammad Reza Bakhtiari, DCLS, PhD Dr. Ali Sadeghitabar, DCLS Dr. Mohammad Ghasem Eslami, DCLS Dr. Mohammad Sahebalzamani, DCLS Dr. S. Mohammad Hasan Hashemimadani, DCLS Dr. Narges Salajegheh, DCLS Executive Board Members: Ali Adibzadeh Sara Tondro Sedigheh Jalili Azam Jalili Mohammad Kazemi Leyla Pourdehghan Maryam Fazli Marzieh Moradi Mehrnosh shokrollahzadeh Layout by: Navid Ghahremani Circulation: 1000 copies Address: 1414734711, No.29, Ardeshir Alley, Hashtbehesht S t., Golha Square, Fatemi Ave, Tehran – Iran Telefax: (+98 21) 88970700 Laboratory & Diagnosis Vol. 10, No 42, Supplement Issue Message of Congress Chairman Dr. Mohammad Sahebalzamani DCLS In the Name of God We are planning to hold the 12th International Congress and 17th National Congress on Quality Improvement of Clinical Laboratory Services on 21-23 April 2019. We have tried to invite prominent national and international scientists and experts to take part in the event and present their scientific theories in order to ensure the improvement of congress’ quality. Congress authorities are going to provide the participants with a peaceful, friendly and jolly environment, together with scientific initiatives, as the outcome of scientific research of the congress. Modern researches of clinical sciences are in the course of rapid development and our country has a significant role in this venture. Hence, the authorities have to make a fundamental planning in order to increase enthusiasms and motivations of this large and educated s tratum. We mus t not isolate the scientific elements, scientists and skilled and experienced experts by performing incorrect activities and mus t avoid emptying out the scientific channels by superficial approaches.