Stuart J. Freedman
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Atsuto Suzuki
Atsuto Suzuki (KEK : High Energy Accelerator Research Organization) 1 2 1. Quark Flavor Project 2. Lepton Flavor Project 3. Energy Frontier Project 4. Non-Accelerator Project 5. Summary 3 In 2008 4 Quest for International Linear Collider Quest for Unifying Birth-Evolution (ILC) Matter and Force of Universe Scientific Activities Beyond Standard Physics Lepton CP Asymmetry Technology Innovations Power-Upgrade Talented Human Resources SuperKEKB J-PARC KEK-B Quark CP Asymmetry LHC [Origin of Matter] nt Quest for Neutrinos nm Quest for 6 Quarks ne [Origin of Force] Higgs Particle [Origin of Mass] e-/e+ Collider KEKB -> SuperKEKB SCC RF(HER) Belle Detector 8 GeV e- 3.5 GeV e+ 1036 SuperKEKB Ares RF ) 1 - 50 times higher s cavity 2 - luminosity e+ source Peak Luminosity Luminosity (cm Peak TRISTAN 6 15 countries, 400 collaborators # of papers : 315 # of citations : 13,309 CPV: caused by a single phase of CKM matrix7 Standard Model X(3872) Z(4430) SM quar k lept on Bgdg transition BgD*tn Upgrade KEKB to SuperKEKB with x 50 performance 8 KEKB upgrade to SuperKEKB Colliding bunches IR with by*=0.3mm SC final focus system e-(2.6A) SuperKEKB Low emittance lattice Add RF systems for e+(3.6A) higher beam current Damping ring for low emittance positron injection Positron NEG pumps capture section LER beampipe to suppress photoelectron instability Beam SR Target: L = 8x1035/cm2/s 9 Belle II Detector (in comparison with Belle) EKLM Module 0 @ITEP Aerogel- RICH Bell SVD: 4 DSSD lyrs g 2 DEPFET lyrs + 4 DSSD lyrs CDC: small cell, long lever arm Bell II ACC+TOF g TOP+A-RICH ECL: waveform sampling (+pure CsI for end-caps) KLM: RPC g Scintillator +MPPC(end-caps) Inconsistency in unitarity triangle? B -> fKs J-PARC Facility (KEK/JAEA) Linac 3 GeV RCS Neutrino Beams (to Kamioka) Materials and Life Experimental Facility (n, m) Hadron Exp. -
Dear Fellow Quantum Mechanics;
Dear Fellow Quantum Mechanics Jeremy Bernstein Abstract: This is a letter of inquiry about the nature of quantum mechanics. I have been reflecting on the sociology of our little group and as is my wont here are a few notes. I see our community divided up into various subgroups. I will try to describe them beginning with a small group of elderly but distinguished physicist who either believe that there is no problem with the quantum theory and that the young are wasting their time or that there is a problem and that they have solved it. In the former category is Rudolf Peierls and in the latter Phil Anderson. I will begin with Peierls. In the January 1991 issue of Physics World Peierls published a paper entitled “In defence of ‘measurement’”. It was one of the last papers he wrote. It was in response to his former pupil John Bell’s essay “Against measurement” which he had published in the same journal in August of 1990. Bell, who had died before Peierls’ paper was published, had tried to explain some of the difficulties of quantum mechanics. Peierls would have none of it.” But I do not agree with John Bell,” he wrote,” that these problems are very difficult. I think it is easy to give an acceptable account…” In the rest of his short paper this is what he sets out to do. He begins, “In my view the most fundamental statement of quantum mechanics is that the wave function or more generally the density matrix represents our knowledge of the system we are trying to describe.” Of course the wave function collapses when this knowledge is altered. -
Multi-Dimensional Entanglement Transport Through Single-Mode Fibre
Multi-dimensional entanglement transport through single-mode fibre Jun Liu,1, ∗ Isaac Nape,2, ∗ Qianke Wang,1 Adam Vall´es,2 Jian Wang,1 and Andrew Forbes2 1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China. 2School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa (Dated: April 8, 2019) The global quantum network requires the distribution of entangled states over long distances, with significant advances already demonstrated using entangled polarisation states, reaching approxi- mately 1200 km in free space and 100 km in optical fibre. Packing more information into each photon requires Hilbert spaces with higher dimensionality, for example, that of spatial modes of light. However spatial mode entanglement transport requires custom multimode fibre and is lim- ited by decoherence induced mode coupling. Here we transport multi-dimensional entangled states down conventional single-mode fibre (SMF). We achieve this by entangling the spin-orbit degrees of freedom of a bi-photon pair, passing the polarisation (spin) photon down the SMF while ac- cessing multi-dimensional orbital angular momentum (orbital) subspaces with the other. We show high fidelity hybrid entanglement preservation down 250 m of SMF across multiple 2 × 2 dimen- sions, demonstrating quantum key distribution protocols, quantum state tomographies and quantum erasers. This work offers an alternative approach to spatial mode entanglement transport that fa- cilitates deployment in legacy networks across conventional fibre. Entanglement is an intriguing aspect of quantum me- chanics with well-known quantum paradoxes such as those of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) [1], Hardy [2], and Leggett [3]. -
On Monte Carlo Time-Dependent Variational Principles
On Monte Carlo Time-Dependent Variational Principles Von der QUEST-Leibniz-Forschungsschule der Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universit¨atHannover zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Naturwissenschaften { Doctor rerum naturalium { genehmigte Dissertation von FABIANWOLFGANGG UNTERTRANSCHEL¨ Geboren am 10.01.1987 in Gehrden 2016 0 Erstpr¨ufer : Prof. Dr. Reinhard F. Werner Zweitpr¨ufer : Prof. Dr. Klemens Hammerer Beratendes Mitglied des Pr¨ufungsausschusses : Prof. Dr. Tobias J. Osborne Vorsitzender des Pr¨ufungsausschusses : Prof. Dr. Rolf Haug Tag der Promotion: 17. Dezember 2015 On Monte Carlo Time-Dependent Variational Principles Fabian W. G. Transchel Abstract The present dissertation is concerned with the development and implementation of a novel scheme for quantitative, numeric approximation of the dynamics of quantum lattice systems based on the Time-Dependent Variational Principle together with Monte Carlo techniques in order to include dissipative interactions. The specific implementation is demonstrated on both common and not yet in-detail explored Heisenberg- and Fermi-Hubbard models in one and two dimensions. Additionally, the technical requirements regarding computational complexity and capacity are discussed, especially with regards toward parallelizable components of the imple- mentation. Concluding remarks include prospects with respect to application and extension of the presented methods. Keywords: Monte Carlo method, Dissipative Dynamics, Lindblad Equation iii Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Dissertation befasst sich mit der Entwicklung und Umsetzung eines neuartigen Schemas zur quantitativen numerischen N¨aherung der Dynamik von Quantengittersystemen auf Grundlage des zeitabh¨angigenVariationsprinzips unter Zuhilfenahme von Monte-Carlo-Techniken zur Einbeziehung von dissipativen Wech- selwirkungen. Die Implementierung wird anhand von Beispielen f¨urHeisenberg- und Fermi-Hubbard-Modellen in einer und zwei Dimensionen gezeigt und erl¨autert. -
Recommended Conventions for Reporting Results from Direct Dark Matter Searches
Recommended conventions for reporting results from direct dark matter searches D. Baxter1, I. M. Bloch2, E. Bodnia3, X. Chen4,5, J. Conrad6, P. Di Gangi7, J.E.Y. Dobson8, D. Durnford9, S. J. Haselschwardt10, A. Kaboth11,12, R. F. Lang13, Q. Lin14, W. H. Lippincott3, J. Liu4,5,15, A. Manalaysay10, C. McCabe16, K. D. Mor˚a17, D. Naim18, R. Neilson19, I. Olcina10,20, M.-C. Piro9, M. Selvi7, B. von Krosigk21, S. Westerdale22, Y. Yang4, and N. Zhou4 1Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics and Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA 2School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel 3University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA 4INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Lab for Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China 5Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China 6Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden 7Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy 8University College London, Department of Physics and Astronomy, London WC1E 6BT, UK 9Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada 10Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 11STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK 12Royal Holloway, -
The INT @ 20 the Future of Nuclear Physics and Its Intersections July 1 – 2, 2010
The INT @ 20 The Future of Nuclear Physics and its Intersections July 1 – 2, 2010 Program Thursday, July 1: 8:00 – 8:45: Registration (Kane Hall, Rom 210) 8:45 – 9:00: Opening remarks Mary Lidstrom, Vice Provost for Research, University of Washington David Kaplan, INT Director Session chair: David Kaplan 9:00 – 9:45: Science & Society 9:00 – 9:45 Steven Koonin, Undersecretary for Science, DOE The future of DOE and its intersections 9:45 – 10:30: Strong Interactions and Fundamental Symmetries 9:45 – 10:30 Howard Georgi, Harvard University QCD – From flavor SU(3) to effective field theory 10:30 – 11:00: Coffee Break Session chair: Martin Savage 11:00 – 11:30 Silas Beane, University of New Hampsire Lattice QCD for nuclear physics 11:30 – 12:00 Paulo Bedaque, University of Maryland Effective field theories in nuclear physics 12:00 – 12:30 Michael Ramsey-Musolf, University of Wisconsin Fundamental symmetries of nuclear physics: A window on the early Universe 12:30 – 2:00: Lunch (Mary Gates Hall) 1 Thursday, July 1 2:00 – 5:00: From Partons to Extreme Matter Session chair: Gerald Miller 2:00 – 2:30 Matthias Burkardt, New Mexico State University Transverse (spin) structure of hadrons 2:30 – 3:00 Barbara Jacak, SUNY Stony Brook Quark-gluon plasma: from particles to fields? 3:00 – 3:45 Raju Venugopalan, Brookhaven National Lab Wee gluons and their role in creating the hottest matter on Earth 3:45 – 4:15: Coffee Break Session chair: Krishna Rajagopal 4:15 – 4:45 Jean-Paul Blaizot, Saclay Is the quark-gluon plasma strongly or weakly coupled? 4:45 -
Scientific Report for the Year 2000
The Erwin Schr¨odinger International Boltzmanngasse 9 ESI Institute for Mathematical Physics A-1090 Wien, Austria Scientific Report for the Year 2000 Vienna, ESI-Report 2000 March 1, 2001 Supported by Federal Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, Austria ESI–Report 2000 ERWIN SCHRODINGER¨ INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS, SCIENTIFIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR 2000 ESI, Boltzmanngasse 9, A-1090 Wien, Austria March 1, 2001 Honorary President: Walter Thirring, Tel. +43-1-4277-51516. President: Jakob Yngvason: +43-1-4277-51506. [email protected] Director: Peter W. Michor: +43-1-3172047-16. [email protected] Director: Klaus Schmidt: +43-1-3172047-14. [email protected] Administration: Ulrike Fischer, Eva Kissler, Ursula Sagmeister: +43-1-3172047-12, [email protected] Computer group: Andreas Cap, Gerald Teschl, Hermann Schichl. International Scientific Advisory board: Jean-Pierre Bourguignon (IHES), Giovanni Gallavotti (Roma), Krzysztof Gawedzki (IHES), Vaughan F.R. Jones (Berkeley), Viktor Kac (MIT), Elliott Lieb (Princeton), Harald Grosse (Vienna), Harald Niederreiter (Vienna), ESI preprints are available via ‘anonymous ftp’ or ‘gopher’: FTP.ESI.AC.AT and via the URL: http://www.esi.ac.at. Table of contents General remarks . 2 Winter School in Geometry and Physics . 2 Wolfgang Pauli und die Physik des 20. Jahrhunderts . 3 Summer Session Seminar Sophus Lie . 3 PROGRAMS IN 2000 . 4 Duality, String Theory, and M-theory . 4 Confinement . 5 Representation theory . 7 Algebraic Groups, Invariant Theory, and Applications . 7 Quantum Measurement and Information . 9 CONTINUATION OF PROGRAMS FROM 1999 and earlier . 10 List of Preprints in 2000 . 13 List of seminars and colloquia outside of conferences . -
Is There Ontology After Bell's Theorem?
IS THERE ONTOLOGY AFTER BELL'S THEOREM? A Speech given to the Philosophical Club of Cleveland February 14, 1984 By John Heighway 1 IS THERE ONTOLOGY AFTER BELL'S THEOREM? I feel that it’s unfair to use a title containing a generally unfamiliar term, in this case "Bell's Theorem," without promptly giving some explanation. It happens that logic demands a rather lengthy lead-in, so let me quote here, as a sort of "jacket blurb" introduction, the abstract of the excellent review article on Bell's Theorem, by John Clauser and Abner Shimony. Bell's Theorem represents a significant advance in understanding the conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics. The theorem shows that essentially all local theories of natural phenomena that are formulated within the framework of realism may be tested using a single experimental arrangement. Moreover, the predictions by these theories must significantly differ from those by quantum mechanics. Experimental results evidently refute the theorem's predictions for these theories and favour those of quantum mechanics. The conclusions are philosophically startling: either one must totally abandon the realistic philosophy of most working scientists, or dramatically revise our concept of space-time. If I were permitted to edit this statement, I would just add the words "or both" to the final sentence. Ontology is a branch of metaphysics dealing with theories of reality or being. Almost all scientists, past and present, have embraced without reservation the theory called realism, which holds that external reality exists and possesses definite properties, altogether independently of whether or not those properties are observed by someone. -
Submitted Proposal
Trimmed version of the CNAP PFC proposal to the NSF (page numbers refer to those in the upper right-hand corners) 1 NSF coverpage 2 Project Summary 3 Executive Summary 6 Prior Accomplishments 11 Major Activities Introduction 13 MA1: Neutrino Phenomenology 21 MA2: Neutrino Technology 31 MA3: Neutrino Frontier 41 Education, Development and Outreach 44 Shared Facilities 47 Collaboration with other sectors 49 International Collaboration 50 Seed Funding and Emerging Areas 51 Management 55 Institutional and Other Commitments 56 NSF Summary Table 57 References 64 Abbreviated Biographical Information 73 Center Budget Justification 81 Letter from NC Museum of Natural Sciences 82 List of Supporting Letters 1 COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION PROGRAM ANNOUNCEMENT/SOLICITATION NO./CLOSING DATE/if not in response to a program announcement/solicitation enter NSF 08-1 FOR NSF USE ONLY NSF 07-567 01/30/08 NSF PROPOSAL NUMBER FOR CONSIDERATION BY NSF ORGANIZATION UNIT(S) (Indicate the most specific unit known, i.e. program, division, etc.) PHY - PHYSICS FRONTIER CENTER DATE RECEIVED NUMBER OF COPIES DIVISION ASSIGNED FUND CODE DUNS# (Data Universal Numbering System) FILE LOCATION 003137015 EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (EIN) OR SHOW PREVIOUS AWARD NO. IF THIS IS IS THIS PROPOSAL BEING SUBMITTED TO ANOTHER FEDERAL TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (TIN) A RENEWAL AGENCY? YES NO IF YES, LIST ACRONYM(S) AN ACCOMPLISHMENT-BASED RENEWAL 546001805 NAME OF ORGANIZATION TO WHICH AWARD SHOULD BE MADE ADDRESS OF AWARDEE ORGANIZATION, INCLUDING -
Tritium Beta Decay and the Search for Neutrino Mass
ritium Beta Decay and the Search for Neutrino Mass Tritium Beta Decay and the Search for Neutrino Mass eutrinos have been around, that the decay also produced a second neutrino mass. A short lifetime literally, since the beginning unseen particle, now called the means atoms decay more rapidly, Nof time. In the sweltering electron neutrino. The neutrino would making more data available. moments following the Big Bang, share the energy released in the decay A wonderful accident of nature, tri- neutrinos were among the first particles with the daughter atom and the tium (a hydrogen atom with two extra Tritium Beta Decay and the Search to emerge from the primordial sea. electron. The electrons would emerge neutrons) is a perfect source by both A minute later, the universe had cooled with a spectrum of energies. of these measures: it has a reasonably for Neutrino Mass enough for protons and neutrons In 1934, Enrico Fermi pointed out short lifetime (12.4 years) and releases to bind together and form atomic that, if the neutrino had mass, it would only 18.6 kilo-electron-volts (keV) Thomas J. Bowles and R. G. Hamish Robertson as told to David Kestenbaum nuclei. Ten or twenty billion years subtly distort the tail of this spectrum. as it decays into helium-3. later—today—the universe still teems When an atom undergoes beta decay, it Additionally, its molecular structure with these ancient neutrinos, which produces a specific amount of available is simple enough that the energy outnumber protons and neutrons by energy that is carried away by the spectrum of the decay electrons can roughly a billion to one. -
Neutrino Mass and Oscillations 1 Introduction
Neutrino Mass and Oscillations R. G. Hamish Robertson Department of Physics, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 1 Introduction The neutrino remains as exotic and challenging today as it was seventy years ago when first proposed by Pauli. What is known for certain about neutrinos is minimal indeed. They have spin 1 , charge 0, negative helicity, and exist in 3 2 flavors, electron, mu, and tau. Strictly speaking, only 2 flavors are certain: direct observation of the tau neutrino has not yet been achieved, but an experiment, DONUT, at Fermilab is in progress with this objective [1]. Limits on the masses from direct, kinematic experiments (ones that do not require assumptions about the non-conservation of lepton family numbers) have been steadily lowered by experiments of ever-increasing sophistication over the years, with the results given in Table 1. As will be discussed below, there are stronger limits on the mass of νe from tritium beta decay [2, 3], but the data show curious distortions near the endpoint that are not at present understood. Electron Family νe < 15 eV e− 510999.06 eV Mu Family νµ < 170keV µ− 105658.389 keV Tau Family ντ < 18 MeV τ− 1777.1 MeV Table 1: The kinematic mass limits for neutrinos, compared to the known masses of their charged-lepton partners [4] There are strong theoretical and experimental motivations to search for neu- trino mass. Presumably created in the early universe in numbers comparable to photons, neutrinos with a mass of only a few eV would contribute a significant 2 fraction of the closure density. -
Newsletter No. 94
DNP Newsletter No. 94 MAY 1993 TO: Members of the Division of Nuclear Physics, APS FROM: Virginia R. Brown, LLNL - Secretary-Treasurer, DNP • 9 July 1993- Election Ballot for ACCOMPANYING THIS NEWSLETTER DNP Div. Councilor (See item 2). : • 9 July 1993- Nomination Ballot for • A ballot for the nomination of DNP DNP Elections (See item 3). Officers and Executive Committee. • 9 July 1993- Ballot for DNP New Bylaws (See item 4). • A ballot for voting for a second • 1 Sept. 1993-Nominations for 1994 DNP Division Councilor. Dissertation Award (See item 5). • A ballot for the Adoption of the • 1 Sept. 1993-Nominations for 1994 New DNP Bylaws. Bonner Prize (See item 6). • "New" DNP Bylaws. • 17 Sept. 1993-Last day for Asilomar "Special" Preregistration rates and last day for lodging 20-23 OCTOBER DNP MEETING, reservations at the Asilomar ASILOMAR, CA conference grounds. • A pre-registration form which includes workshops and banquet. • A housing form. 1. DNP COMMITTEES Future Deadlines Executive Committee Noemie Benczer-Koller, Rutgers 1993-94 Univ., Chair (1994) DNP Carl B. Dover, BNL, Vice-Chair (1994) Wick C. Haxton, Univ. of • 18 June 1993- Contributed Washington, Past-Chair (1994) Abstracts for the Asilomar Fall Meeting (See item 9). • 25 June 1993 - User Group Virginia R. Brown, LLNL, Secretary- Deadline in Order to Appear in Treasurer (1994) the October Bulletin (See item 9). Gerald T. Garvey, LANL, Division Councilor (December, 1993) Stephen E. Koonin, Caltech, Division S. Kowalski, MIT Councilor (December, 1995) R. E. Pollock, Indiana Univ. Lawrence S. Cardman, CEBAF (1994) 1995 Bonner Prize Committee Walter Henning, ANL (1994) Robert D.