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CSE 127 Computer Security Stefan Savage, Spring 2018, Lecture 16
CSE 127 Computer Security Stefan Savage, Spring 2018, Lecture 16 Network Security I Objectives ▪ Understand – Architecture of the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) ▪ CSE123 in 20mins – Common weaknesses in networking protocols – Available mitigations and their limitations Review: Internet Protocol Suite ▪ Application Layer – Examples: SMTP, FTP, SSH, HTTP, etc. ▪ Transport Layer: Port-addressed host-to-host communications (on LAN or WAN). – User Datagram Protocol (UDP): single packet transmission with no reliability or ordering mechanisms. – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): connection establishment, reliable transmission, and flow-control. ▪ Internet Layer (IP): Fragmentation, reassembly, and end-to-end (across network boundaries) routing of data packets. – Provides a uniform interface that hides the underlying network topology. ▪ Link Layer: Transmission of data frames within a local network (without intervening routers). – Example: Ethernet ▪ Physical Layer: Transmission of raw bits (rather than logical data packets) over a physical data link connecting network nodes. – Example: 100BASE-T – [Technically not part of the Internet Protocol Model, but is still there] Review: Internet Protocol Suite https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite Review: Internet Protocol Suite https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite TCP/IP Protocol Stack by Example ▪ ROUGHLY, what happens when I click on a URL while UCSD’s network? My computer www.yahoo.com Application Layer (HTTP) ▪ Turn click into HTTP GET request GET http://www.yahoo.com/r/mp HTTP/1.1 Host: www.yahoo.com Connection:keep-alive … Application Layer (Name Resolution) ▪ Where is www.yahoo.com? What’s the address for www.yahoo.com My computer Oh, you can find it at 64.58.76.177 132.239.9.64 Local DNS server 132.239.51.18 Transport Layer (TCP) ▪ Break message into packets (TCP segments) ▪ Should be delivered reliably & in-order GET http://www.yahoo.com/r/mp HTTP/1.1 Host: www.yahoo.com Connection:keep-alive … 3 yahoo.c 2 p://www. -
How to Choose a Search Engine Or Directory
How to Choose a Search Engine or Directory Fields & File Types If you want to search for... Choose... Audio/Music AllTheWeb | AltaVista | Dogpile | Fazzle | FindSounds.com | Lycos Music Downloads | Lycos Multimedia Search | Singingfish Date last modified AllTheWeb Advanced Search | AltaVista Advanced Web Search | Exalead Advanced Search | Google Advanced Search | HotBot Advanced Search | Teoma Advanced Search | Yahoo Advanced Web Search Domain/Site/URL AllTheWeb Advanced Search | AltaVista Advanced Web Search | AOL Advanced Search | Google Advanced Search | Lycos Advanced Search | MSN Search Search Builder | SearchEdu.com | Teoma Advanced Search | Yahoo Advanced Web Search File Format AllTheWeb Advanced Web Search | AltaVista Advanced Web Search | AOL Advanced Search | Exalead Advanced Search | Yahoo Advanced Web Search Geographic location Exalead Advanced Search | HotBot Advanced Search | Lycos Advanced Search | MSN Search Search Builder | Teoma Advanced Search | Yahoo Advanced Web Search Images AllTheWeb | AltaVista | The Amazing Picture Machine | Ditto | Dogpile | Fazzle | Google Image Search | IceRocket | Ixquick | Mamma | Picsearch Language AllTheWeb Advanced Web Search | AOL Advanced Search | Exalead Advanced Search | Google Language Tools | HotBot Advanced Search | iBoogie Advanced Web Search | Lycos Advanced Search | MSN Search Search Builder | Teoma Advanced Search | Yahoo Advanced Web Search Multimedia & video All TheWeb | AltaVista | Dogpile | Fazzle | IceRocket | Singingfish | Yahoo Video Search Page Title/URL AOL Advanced -
Competing in Book Retailing
COMPETINGCOMPETING ININ CENTER FOR RESEARCH BOOK RETAILING: ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE CASE OF AMAZON.COM ORGANIZATIONS University of California, Irvine AUTHORS: 3200 Berkeley Place Aarti Shrikhande and Irvine, California 92697-4650 Vijay Gurbaxani and Graduate School of Management NOVEMBER 1999 Acknowledgement: This research has been supported by grants from the CISE/IIS/CSS Division of the U.S. National Science Foundation and the NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (CISE/EEC) to the Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations (CRITO) at the University of California, Irvine. Industry sponsors include: ATL Products, the Boeing Company, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Canon Information Systems, IBM, Nortel Networks, Rockwell International, Microsoft, Seagate Technology, Sun Microsystems, and Systems Management Specialists (SMS). The authors would like to thank Asish Ramchandran for his assistance on this project. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................................................1 INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT AND COMPETITION .......................................................................................................2 FIRM LEVEL ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................................................9 BUSINESS MODEL .........................................................................................................................................................9 -
Internet Pricing and the History of Communications
Internet pricing and the history of communications Andrew Odlyzko AT&T Labs - Research [email protected] http://www.research.att.com/ amo Revised version, February 8, 2001. Abstract There are repeating patterns in the histories of communication technologies, including ordinary mail, the telegraph, the telephone, and the Internet. In particular, the typical story for each service is that quality rises, prices decrease, and usage increases to produce increased total revenues. At the same time, prices become simpler. The historical analogies of this paper suggest that the Internet will evolve in a similar way, towards simplicity. The schemes that aim to provide differentiated service levels and sophisticated pricing schemes are unlikely to be widely adopted. Price and quality differentiation are valuable tools that can provide higher revenues and increase utilization efficiency of a network, and thus in general increase social welfare. Such measures, most noticeable in airline pricing, are spreading to many services and products, especially high-tech ones. However, it appears that as communication services become less expensive and are used more fre- quently, those arguments lose out to customers’ desire for simplicity. In practice, user preferences express themselves through willingness to pay more for simple pricing plans. In addition, there is a strong “threshhold” effect to usage-sensitive billing. Even tiny charges based on utilization decrease usage substantially. In a rapidly growing market, it is in the service providers’ interest to encourage usage, and that argues for simple, preferably flat rate, pricing. Histori- cal evidence suggests that when service costs decrease, such arguments prevail over the need to operate a network at high utilization levels and to extract the highest possible revenues. -
Research Articles in the American Economic Review, the RAND Journal Ofeconomics, The
3 I. Introduction And Qualifications 1. My name is Nicholas S. Economides. I am a Professor ofEconomics at the Stern School ofBusiness ofNew York University, located at 44 West 4th Street New York, NY 10012. 2. I received a B.Sc. degree in Mathematical Economics (first class honors) from the London School ofEconomics in 1976, a Masters degree in Economics from the University of California at Berkeley in 1979 and a Ph.D. degree in Economics from Berkeley in 1981, specializing in Industrial Organization. 3. From 1981 to 1988, I was assistant and then associate professor ofeconomics at Columbia University. From 1988 to 1990, I was associate professor ofeconomics at Stanford University. I have taught at the Stern School ofBusiness since 1990. During the academic year 1996-1997, I was visiting professor at Stanford University. 4. I have published more than seventy research papers in the areas ofindustrial organization, microeconomics, network economics, antitrust, finance, and telecommunications policy, and I have given numerous seminar presentations at academic and government institutions and conferences. I have published academic research articles in the American Economic Review, the RAND Journal ofEconomics, the International Journal ofIndustrial Organization, the International Economic Review, the Journal ofEconomic Theory, and the Journal ofIndustrial Economics, among others. I am currently editor ofthe International Journal ofIndustrial Organization and ofNetnomics. I have served as advisor and consultant to major telecommunications companies, a number of 4 the Federal Reserve Banks, the Bank ofGreece, and major Financial Exchanges. I teach graduate (MBA and Ph.D.) courses in antitrust, industrial organization, microeconomics, and telecommunications. A copy ofmy curriculum vitae is attached as Attachment 1. -
INSIDE MICROSOFT (Part 2) 2/7/04 2:30 PM
07/15/96 INSIDE MICROSOFT (Part 2) 2/7/04 2:30 PM INSIDE MICROSOFT (Part 2) The untold story of how the Internet forced Bill Gates to reverse course (Continued from Part 1) BABY STEPS. In one breakout group, Allard tangled with Russell Siegelman, who was heading Marvel, the code name for what's now the Microsoft Network online service. Allard argued that instead of being proprietary, Marvel should be based on Web standards. Siegelman held his ground--and won. It was a decision that would later cost millions to reverse. Still, Net progress was made: TCP/IP would be integrated into Win95 and Windows NT, the version of Windows that runs network-server computers. The sales team was told to use the Web to dispense marketing information. The applications group agreed to give Word, the word-processing program, the ability to create Web pages. Next, Gates jumped deeper into the process by devoting much of his April Think Week--a semiannual retreat--to the Internet. His Apr. 16 memo, ``Internet Strategy and Technical Goals,'' contained the first signs of a growing corporate commitment. ``We want to and will invest resources to be a leader in Internet support,'' wrote Gates. It was a first step, albeit a measured one. ``I don't think he knew how much to bet yet,'' says Allard. But board member David F. Marquardt did: He recalls that he was ``amazed'' that Microsoft was putting so little into the Net. ``They weren't in Silicon Valley. When you're here, you feel it all around you,'' says Marquardt, a general partner at Technology Venture Investors in Menlo Park, Calif. -
Worldcom1 Ethics Case Study
fWorldCom1 By Dennis Moberg (Santa Clara University) and Edward Romar (University of Massachusetts- Boston) An update for this case is available. 2002 saw an unprecedented number of corporate scandals: Enron, Tyco, Global Crossing. In many ways, WorldCom is just another case of failed corporate governance, accounting abuses, and outright greed. But none of these other companies had senior executives as colorful and likable as Bernie Ebbers. A Canadian by birth, the 6 foot, 3 inch former basketball coach and Sunday School teacher emerged from the collapse of WorldCom not only broke but with a personal net worth as a negative nine-digit number.2 No palace in a gated community, no stable of racehorses or multi-million dollar yacht to show for the telecommunications giant he created. Only debts and red ink--results some consider inevitable given his unflagging enthusiasm and entrepreneurial flair. There is no question that he did some pretty bad stuff, but he really wasn't like the corporate villains of his day: Andy Fastow of Enron, Dennis Koslowski of Tyco, or Gary Winnick of Global Crossing.3 Personally, Bernie is a hard guy not to like. In 1998 when Bernie was in the midst of acquiring the telecommunications firm MCI, Reverend Jesse Jackson, speaking at an all-black college near WorldCom's Mississippi headquarters, asked how Ebbers could afford $35 billion for MCI but hadn't donated funds to local black students. Businessman LeRoy Walker Jr., was in the audience at Jackson's speech, and afterwards set him straight. Ebbers had given over $1 million plus loads of information technology to that black college. -
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 22 Sep 2012 02:49:54 UTC Contents Articles History of the Internet 1 Barry Appelman 26 Paul Baran 28 Vint Cerf 33 Danny Cohen (engineer) 41 David D. Clark 44 Steve Crocker 45 Donald Davies 47 Douglas Engelbart 49 Charles M. Herzfeld 56 Internet Engineering Task Force 58 Bob Kahn 61 Peter T. Kirstein 65 Leonard Kleinrock 66 John Klensin 70 J. C. R. Licklider 71 Jon Postel 77 Louis Pouzin 80 Lawrence Roberts (scientist) 81 John Romkey 84 Ivan Sutherland 85 Robert Taylor (computer scientist) 89 Ray Tomlinson 92 Oleg Vishnepolsky 94 Phil Zimmermann 96 References Article Sources and Contributors 99 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 102 Article Licenses License 103 History of the Internet 1 History of the Internet The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. This began with point-to-point communication between mainframe computers and terminals, expanded to point-to-point connections between computers and then early research into packet switching. Packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, where multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks. In 1982 the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP/IP networks called the Internet was introduced. -
SEC News Digest, 10-20-1999
SEC NEWS DIGEST Issue 99-202 October 20, 1999 RULES AND RELATED MATTERS ADOPTION OF UPDATED EDGAR FILER MANUAL A revised EDGAR Filer Manual and Form ID became effective on October 18. This new version of EDGAR and the EDGAR Filer Manual (Release 6.60) incorporates changes resulting from the decision by CompuServe, a sub-contractor to TRW (the developer of the EDGAR system), to discontinue its EDGAR services. These services include the Public Data Network (PDN) for transmission of filings to EDGAR, private mailboxes for receiving EDGAR Acceptance/Suspense notifications and Return Copies, the EDGAR company database, and the bulletin board. TRW has contracted with UUNET to provide EDGAR Private Mail and PDN Services. Although The EDGAR bulletin board and the EDGAR company database will no longer be available, filers may obtain similar information from our Web Site at www.sec.gov and the TRW/UUNET Web Site at www.trw-edgar.com. The Form ID, the Uniform Application for Access Codes to File on EDGAR, was also changed to reflect the change in the EDGAR private mail service. The basic TRW/UUNET service will include five hours of access and a mailbox for messages. There will be additional charges for larger mailboxes and connect time over the basic limit. Those filers who want to use the public data network for transmission to EDGAR, who want a private system (instead of the Internet) for receipt of acceptance/suspense messages, or who want an electronic returned copy of their filings must sign up for this service. To access their new mailboxes, filers will use a standard POP3 mail client. -
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
05-0570-cv UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT ALBERTO GONZALES, in his official capacity as Attorney General of the United States, ROBERT S. MUELLER III, in his official capacity as Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and MARION E. BOWMAN, in his official capacity as Senior Counsel to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Defendants/Appellants, v. JOHN DOE, AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION, and AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FOUNDATION, Plaintiffs/Appellees ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK BRIEF OF ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION, ET AL., IN SUPPORT OF APPELLEES AND AFFIRMATION OF JUDGMENT BELOW Lee Tien Kurt B. Opsahl Kevin S. Bankston Electronic Frontier Foundation 454 Shotwell Street San Francisco, CA 94110 (415) 436-9333 (415) 436-9993 (fax) CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Pursuant to Rule 26.1 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, Amici Curiae certify that no publicly held corporation or other publicly held entity owns 10% or more of any Amicus Curiae. Respectfully submitted, ____________________________ Lee Tien Kurt B. Opsahl Kevin S. Bankston Electronic Frontier Foundation 454 Shotwell Street San Francisco, CA 94110 (415) 436-9333 (415) 436-9993 (fax) TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTERESTS OF AMICI.....................................................................................1 II. PRELIMINARY STATEMENT.........................................................................4 III. ARGUMENT ......................................................................................................5 -
Analysis and Suggestions Regarding NSI Domain Name Trademark Dispute Policy
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Fordham University School of Law Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal Volume 7 Volume VII Number 1 Volume VII Book 1 Article 7 1996 Analysis and Suggestions Regarding NSI Domain Name Trademark Dispute Policy Carl Oppedahl Oppedahl & Larson Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Carl Oppedahl, Analysis and Suggestions Regarding NSI Domain Name Trademark Dispute Policy, 7 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 73 (1996). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj/vol7/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Analysis and Suggestions Regarding NSI Domain Name Trademark Dispute Policy Carl Oppedahl* In Luna in 2075 phone numbers were punched in, not voice-coded, and numbers were Roman alphabet. Pay for it and have your firm name in ten letters—good advertising. Pay smaller bonus and get a spell sound, easy to remember. Pay minimum and you got arbi- trary string of letters. I asked Mike for such a . number. ‘It’s a shame we can’t list you as ‘Mike.’’ ‘In service,’ he answered. -
Analysis by Page and Keyword Report Search Positions For
Analysis by Page and Keyword Report Search Positions for www.one.net Report created Thursday, June 21, 2001 at 12:46 AM Brought to you by US Net - URLocated [Back To Menu] AOL Web Sites May 23rd, 2001: AOL no longer has separate sections for Web Sites and Web Pages. All results appear to be merged together now. Therefore, separate reporting for AOL Web Pages has been removed. Lycos Note: Recently Lycos appears to be returning different search results depending on the hour of the day the search is being done. Therefore, your rankings may fluctuate often. Analysis by Page and Keyword Report Keyword Position Page Last Position Change Search Engine Page:http://www.one.net cincinnati isp 2 1 NA NA AltaVista cincinnati internet solutions provider 53 6 NA NA AltaVista cincinnati dsl 9 1 NA NA AltaVista onenet 1 1 1 0 AltaVista cincinnati #1 isp 2 1 NA NA AltaVista Page:http://www.one.net/home cincinnati isp 3 1 NA NA AltaVista cincinnati #1 isp 3 1 NA NA AltaVista Page:http://www.one.net/services/dedicated dedicated access cincinnati 8 1 NA NA AltaVista Page:http://www.one.net/services/dsl cincinnati dsl 10 1 NA NA AltaVista Page:www.one.net cincinnati isp 6 1 NA NA Fast/All The Web cincinnati internet solutions provider 3 1 NA NA Fast/All The Web cincinnati dsl 6 1 NA NA Fast/All The Web cincinnati dsl 15 2 NA NA Fast/All The Web onenet 3 1 4 +1 Fast/All The Web cincinnati #1 isp 3 1 NA NA Fast/All The Web dedicated access cincinnati 4 1 NA NA Fast/All The Web tri-state internet solutions provider 2 1 NA NA Fast/All The Web cincinnati web site