DOCSLIB.ORG

Differences in the Periodontal Microbiome of Successfully Treated and Persistent Aggressive Periodontitis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Differences in the Periodontal Microbiome of Successfully Treated and Persistent Aggressive Periodontitis Received: 16 September 2019 | Revised: 23 May 2020 | Accepted: 8 June 2020 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13330 CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY Differences in the periodontal microbiome of successfully treated and persistent aggressive periodontitis Luigi Nibali1,2 | Vanessa Sousa2 | Mehmet Davrandi3 | David Spratt3 | Qumasha Alyahya4 | Jose Dopico5 | Nikos Donos2 1Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Abstract Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Aims: The primary aim of this investigation was to analyse the periodontal microbi- King’s College London, London, UK ome in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) following treatment. 2Centre for Oral Immunobiology & Regenerative Medicine & Centre for Oral Methods: Sixty-six AgP patients were recalled on average 7 years after completion Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, of active periodontal treatment and had subgingival plaque samples collected and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses. London, London, UK Results: Of 66 participants, 52 showed persistent periodontal disease, while 13 3Microbial Diseases Department, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, participants were considered as “successfully treated AgP” (no probing pocket London, UK depths >4 mm) and 1 was fully edentulous. Genera associated with persistent gen- 4 Periodontology Unit, University College eralized disease included Actinomyces, Alloprevotella, Capnocytophaga, Filifactor, London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK Fretibacterium, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Mogibacterium, Saccharibacteria [G-1], 5Periodontics Department, Universidad Selenomonas and Treponema. “Successfully treated” patients harboured higher pro- de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de portions of Haemophilus, Rothia, and Lautropia and of Corynebacterium, Streptococcus Compostela, Spain and Peptidiphaga genera. Overall, patients with persistent generalized AgP (GAgP) Correspondence revealed higher alpha diversity compared to persistent localized AgP (LAgP) and sta- Luigi Nibali, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King’s College London, London, ble patients (p < .001). Beta diversity analyses revealed significant differences only UK. between stable and persistent GAgP groups (p = .004). Email: [email protected] Conclusion: Patients with persistent AgP showed a more dysbiotic subgingival bi- Funding information ofilm than those who have been successfully treated. It remains to be established No specific funding was obtained for this study. whether such differences were predisposing to disease activity or were a result of a dysbiotic change associated with disease recurrence in the presence of sub-standard supportive periodontal therapy or other patient-related factors. KEYWORDS aggressive periodontitis, dysbiosis, microbiome, supportive periodontal therapy 1 | INTRODUCTION define a specific condition characterized by rapid disease progres- sion in otherwise systemically healthy patients with a positive Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) was introduced as a disease entity family history of periodontal disease. Among secondary fea- by the 1999 World Workshop classification (Lang et al., 1999) to tures, elevated proportions of bacteria such as Aggregatibacter This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Periodontology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd J Clin Periodontol. 2020;00:1–11. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jcpe | 1 2 | NIBALI ET al. actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were con- sidered typical in some populations. In particular, an association Clinical Relevance between A. actinomycetemcomitans and AgP had been suggested Scientific rationale for the study: The level of dysbiosis as- in a large study in the United States using culture and immuno- sociated with aggressive periodontitis disease recurrence fluorescence serotyping (Zambon, Christersson, & Slots, 1983) is currently unknown. and confirmed by studies observing treatment response (Mandell, Principle findings: Higher microbial diversity was detected Ebersole, & Socransky, 1987) and antibody response (Albandar, in active versus stable aggressive periodontitis cases. DeNardin, Adesanya, Diehl, & Winn, 2001; Ebersole & Cappelli, Elevated differences at both genus and species levels were 1994). The JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans has been con- detected, mainly between persistent GAgP and success- sistently associated with onset and progression of periodontal fully treated group. Overweight and irregular interdental attachment loss in children and adolescents in North and West brushing are associated with dysbiosis. Africa (Haubek et al., 2008; Höglund et al., 2014) as well as in Practical implications: Increased dysbiosis, oral hygiene and the United States (Fine et al., 2007). However, the great major- obesity should be controlled to avoid dysbiosis-associated ity of comparative studies suggest that the microbial differences periodontal disease recurrence. between AgP and Chronic Periodontitis are so limited (Lafaurie et al., 2007; Nibali et al., 2012; Riep et al., 2009) that they are no longer considered different disease entities (Tonetti, Greenwell, & Kornman, 2018); a conclusion supported also by evidence from Inclusion criteria were (a) previous diagnosis of AgP—in the ded- other pathogenicity aspects (Tonetti et al., 2018). icated AgP clinic at the EDH between 1997 and 2011, and (b) age The introduction of molecular techniques suggested a role between 16 and 65 at recruitment. Exclusion criteria were (a) known for non-cultivable microbes as Filifactor alocis, Centipeda genus, infectious diseases such as Tuberculosis, HIV or hepatitis C, (b) co- Mitsuokella sp., Selenomonas genus, Actinobacter baumannii in the morbidities that would make it unsafe for the patient to travel or to pathogenesis of periodontitis (Goncalves et al., 2012; Schlafer undergo periodontal assessment and (c) pregnancy. Following initial et al., 2010; Schulz et al., 2019) depicting a more variegated picture diagnosis, patients had received active periodontal therapy (APT) than previously thought, in line with the concept of polymicrobial consisting of oral hygiene instructions, non-surgical treatment, ad- synergy and dysbiosis (Hajishengallis & Lamont, 2014). However, the junctive antibiotics and/or surgical treatment according to clinical role of these putative periodontopathogenic bacteria has not been needs (Table 1). Following completion of APT, patients had a full fully elucidated yet, and little is known about their potential to in- periodontal assessment and were then discharged to their general stigate periodontal disease recurrence during maintenance therapy. dental practitioner for SPT. The primary aim of this investigation was to analyse the peri- At the study visit, following consent, patients were interviewed odontal microbiome in previously treated patients with AgP and to to obtain self-reported medical, dental and smoking histories. associate it with the presence of active periodontal disease or health. Participants’ height and weight were measured, and body mass We also investigated the relationship between the AgP microbiome index (BMI) calculated. Patients were classified as “normal weight” if composition and association between regular supportive periodon- their BMI was <25 kg/m2, “overweight” if their BMI was 25–29 kg/ tal therapy (SPT), tooth loss and patient-related factors, such as oral m2 and “obese” if their BMI was ≥30 kg/m2. Clinical data were col- hygiene, smoking and body mass index. lected at 6 sites per tooth by one calibrated examiner (JD) including full-mouth dichotomous plaque score (FMPS) (Guerrero et al., 2005), gingival index (Löe, 1967), tooth mobility (Laster, Laudenbach, & 2 | MATERIALS AND METHODS Stoller, 1975), tooth loss, furcation involvement (Hamp, Nyman, & Lindhe, 1975), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (dis- 2.1 | Patient population tance from the cemento-enamel junction to the free gingival mar- gin) and full-mouth dichotomous bleeding on probing score (FMBS, The study design and population have been previously described percentage of bleeding surfaces upon probing). Clinical attachment (Dopico, Nibali, & Donos, 2016). Briefly, patients seen in a dedi- level (CAL) was measured as PPD plus recession. cated AgP clinic were contacted and asked to participate in the study. Eighty-two patients were contactable of the original 330 with AgP, and 66 agreed to participate, gave informed consent and 2.2 | Clinical diagnosis completed the study visit to the Eastman Dental Hospital (EDH), in London. The study was conducted in line with the principles outlined At the study visit, the following diagnoses could be assigned: in the Declaration of Helsinki (2008) on experimentation involving human participants. Ethics approval for the conduct of the study was • Persistent AgP: in case of interproximal PPD and CAL ≥5 mm granted by the NRES Committee London—Queen Square (ref 13/ on at least two permanent teeth. Subdivided into either LAgP LO/0874). (at least one affected first molar or incisor, and no more than NIBALI ET al. | 3 TABLE 1 Study population characteristics* 2.3 | Subgingival plaque sampling Frequency Percentages
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ancient Metaproteomics: a Novel Approach for Understanding Disease And
    Ancient metaproteomics: a novel approach for understanding disease and diet in the archaeological record Jessica Hendy PhD University of York Archaeology August, 2015 ii Abstract Proteomics is increasingly being applied to archaeological samples following technological developments in mass spectrometry. This thesis explores how these developments may contribute to the characterisation of disease and diet in the archaeological record. This thesis has a three-fold aim; a) to evaluate the potential of shotgun proteomics as a method for characterising ancient disease, b) to develop the metaproteomic analysis of dental calculus as a tool for understanding both ancient oral health and patterns of individual food consumption and c) to apply these methodological developments to understanding individual lifeways of people enslaved during the 19th century transatlantic slave trade. This thesis demonstrates that ancient metaproteomics can be a powerful tool for identifying microorganisms in the archaeological record, characterising the functional profile of ancient proteomes and accessing individual patterns of food consumption with high taxonomic specificity. In particular, analysis of dental calculus may be an extremely valuable tool for understanding the aetiology of past oral diseases. Results of this study highlight the value of revisiting previous studies with more recent methodological approaches and demonstrate that biomolecular preservation can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of ancient proteins as an archaeological tool for this characterisation. Using the approaches developed in this study we have the opportunity to increase the visibility of past diseases and their aetiology, as well as develop a richer understanding of individual lifeways through the production of molecular life histories. iii iv List of Contents Abstract ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Differentiating Two Closely Related Alexandrium Species Using Comparative Quantitative Proteomics
    toxins Article Differentiating Two Closely Related Alexandrium Species Using Comparative Quantitative Proteomics Bryan John J. Subong 1,2,* , Arturo O. Lluisma 1, Rhodora V. Azanza 1 and Lilibeth A. Salvador-Reyes 1,* 1 Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines- Diliman, Velasquez Street, Quezon City 1101, Philippines; [email protected] (A.O.L.); [email protected] (R.V.A.) 2 Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] (B.J.J.S.); [email protected] (L.A.S.-R.) Abstract: Alexandrium minutum and Alexandrium tamutum are two closely related harmful algal bloom (HAB)-causing species with different toxicity. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantita- tion (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics and two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), a comprehensive characterization of the proteomes of A. minutum and A. tamutum was performed to identify the cellular and molecular underpinnings for the dissimilarity between these two species. A total of 1436 proteins and 420 protein spots were identified using iTRAQ-based proteomics and 2D-DIGE, respectively. Both methods revealed little difference (10–12%) between the proteomes of A. minutum and A. tamutum, highlighting that these organisms follow similar cellular and biological processes at the exponential stage. Toxin biosynthetic enzymes were present in both organisms. However, the gonyautoxin-producing A. minutum showed higher levels of osmotic growth proteins, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and type-I polyketide synthase compared to the non-toxic A. tamutum. Further, A. tamutum had increased S-adenosylmethionine transferase that may potentially have a negative feedback mechanism to toxin biosynthesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiological, Lipid and Immunological Profiles in Children
    Original Article http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-77572016-0196 Microbiological, lipid and immunological SUR¿OHVLQFKLOGUHQZLWKJLQJLYLWLVDQG type 1 diabetes mellitus Abstract Cristiane DUQUE1 Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of SHULRGRQWDOSDWKRJHQVV\VWHPLFLQÀDPPDWRU\PHGLDWRUVDQGOLSLGSUR¿OHVLQ Mariana Ferreira Dib JOÃO2 type 1 diabetes children (DM) with those observed in children without diabetes Gabriela Alessandra da Cruz (NDM), both with gingivitis. Material and methods: Twenty-four DM children Galhardo CAMARGO3 and twenty-seven NDM controls were evaluated. The periodontal status, 3 Gláucia Schuindt TEIXEIRA JO\FHPLF DQG OLSLG SUR¿OHV ZHUH GHWHUPLQHG IRU ERWK JURXSV 6XEJLQJLYDO Thamiris Santana MACHADO3 samples of periodontal sites were collected to determine the prevalence of Rebeca de Souza AZEVEDO3 SHULRGRQWDOPLFURRUJDQLVPVE\3&5%ORRGVDPSOHVZHUHFROOHFWHGIRU,/ǃ Flávia Sammartino MARIANO2 TNF-D and IL-6 analysis using ELISA kits. Results: Periodontal conditions of DM Natália Helena COLOMBO1 and NDM patients were similar, without statistical differences in periodontal indices. When considering patients with gingivitis, all lipid parameters Natália Leal VIZOTO2 evaluated were highest in the DM group; Capnocytophaga sputigena and Renata de Oliveira Capnocytophaga ochracea were more prevalent in the periodontal sites of DM 2 MATTOS-GRANER children. “Red complex” bacteria were detected in few sites of DM and NDM groups. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Campylobacter rectus were frequently IRXQGLQERWKJURXSV6LPLODUOHYHOVRI,/ǃ71)D
    [Show full text]
  • Activity of Chlorhexidine Formulations on Oral Microorganisms and Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts
    Activity of chlorhexidine formulations on oral microorganisms and periodontal ligament fibroblasts Accepted for publication December 17, 2020 Alexandra Stähli1, Irina Liakhova1, Barbara Cvikl2, Adrian Lussi3, Anton Sculean1, Sigrun Eick1* 1Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland 2Department of Conservative Dentistry, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria 3Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany and School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland Keywords: biofilm; antiseptics; cytotoxicity Correspondence: Sigrun Eick, Klinik für Parodontologie, Labor Orale Mikrobiologie, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern e-mail: [email protected]; phone +41 31 623 2542 1 Abstract Given the importance of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of the two most prevalent oral diseases (i.e. caries and periodontitis), antiseptics are widely used. Among the antiseptics chlorhexidine (CHX) is still considered as gold standard. The purpose of this in-vitro-study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of new CHX digluconate containing formulations produced in Switzerland. Two test formulations, with 0.1% or 0.2% CHX (TestCHX0.1, TestCHX0.2) were compared with 0.1% and 0.2% CHX digluconate solutions (CHXph0.1, CHXph0.2) without additives and with a commercially available formulation containing 0.2% CHX digluconate (CHXcom0.2). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the CHX formulations were determined against bacteria associated with caries or periodontal disease. Then the anti-biofilm activities of CHX preparations were tested regarding inhibition of biofilm formation or against an existing biofilm. Further, the cytotoxicity of the CHX preparations against periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts was measured. There were no or only minor differences of the MIC values between the CHX preparations.
    [Show full text]
  • A Histologic Bioassay of the Effect of Endotoxin of Escherichia Coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1983 A Histologic Bioassay of the Effect of Endotoxin of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa Juan Jose de Obarrio Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the Periodontics and Periodontology Commons Recommended Citation de Obarrio, Juan Jose, "A Histologic Bioassay of the Effect of Endotoxin of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa" (1983). Master's Theses. 3280. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3280 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1983 Juan Jose de Obarrio A HISTOLOGIC BIOASSAY OF THE EFFECT OF ENDOTOXIN OF ESCHERICHIA COLI 0111:84 STRAIN INJECTED INTO GUINEA PIG ORAL MUCOSA BY Juan Jose de Obarrio A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Loyola University of Chicago in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science May 1982 DEDICATION To my loving parents, Juan Luis and Helga, for their caring, understanding and who made possible my postgraduate education. To my fiance, Rocio, for her love and support. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my Director, Dr. Patrick D.
    [Show full text]
  • Suppression of Murine Lymphocyte Mitogen Responses by Exopolysaccharide from Capnocytophaga Ochracea RONALD W
    INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Jan. 1983, p. 476-479 Vol. 39, No. 1 0019-9567/83/010476-04$02.00/0 Copyright C 1983, American Society for Microbiology Suppression of Murine Lymphocyte Mitogen Responses by Exopolysaccharide from Capnocytophaga ochracea RONALD W. BOLTON* AND JOHN K. DYER Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0740 Received 26 July 1982/Accepted 5 October 1982 An extracellular polysaccharide was purified from culture supernatants of Capnocytophaga ochracea 25, a gram-negative bacillus associated with human periodontal disease. The extracellular polysaccharide suppressed in vitro mito- genic responses of murine splenic lymphocytes to concanavalin A and lipopoly- saccharide. This suppression was dose dependent, persisted up to 120 h, and was not caused by direct toxicity of the extracellular polysaccharide. Modulation of immune responses by bacterial C. ochracea 25, a gift from S. S. Socransky, components has received considerable attention Forsythe Dental Center, Boston, was cultivated in recent years (1, 2, 4, 5). Since a number of at 37°C in Trypticase soy broth supplemented these substances are produced by members of with 1% yeast extract and 0.1% NaHCO3. After the normal bacterial flora, they may have con- 48 h the cultures were centrifuged at 10,000 x g siderable impact on host-parasite interactions. for 15 min at 4°C. EP was isolated from liquid Indeed, there are several diseases of microbial culture supernatants by cold 95% ethanol pre- etiology, both clinical and experimental, which cipitation. The precipitate was dissolved in wa- have been associated with immune suppression ter and treated with cold 10% trichloroacetic or enhancement (reviewed in reference 12).
    [Show full text]
  • Article (Refereed) - Postprint
    Article (refereed) - postprint Rogers, Geraint B.; Cuthbertson, Leah; Hoffman, Lucas R.; Wing, Peter A.C.; Pope, Christopher; Hooftman, Danny A.P.; Lilley, Andrew K.; Oliver, Anna; Carroll, Mary P.; Bruce , Kenneth D.; van der Gast, Christopher J.. 2013 Reducing bias in bacterial community analysis of lower respiratory infections. ISME Journal, 7 (4). 10.1038/ismej.2012.145 Copyright © 2013 International Society for Microbial Ecology This version available http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/20879/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This document is the author’s final manuscript version of the journal article following the peer review process. Some differences between this and the publisher’s version may remain. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from this article. www.nature.com/ Contact CEH NORA team at [email protected] The NERC and CEH trademarks and logos (‘the Trademarks’) are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. 1 Towards unbiased bacterial community analysis in lower respiratory infections 2 3 Geraint B. Rogers1, Leah Cuthbertson2, Lucas R. Hoffman3, Peter A. C. Wing4, Christopher Pope3, Danny A. 4 P. Hooftman2, Andrew K. Lilley1, Anna Oliver2, Mary P. Carroll4, Kenneth D. Bruce1, Christopher J.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Diversity and Functional Analysis of Severe Early Childhood
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Bacterial diversity and functional analysis of severe early childhood caries and recurrence in India Balakrishnan Kalpana1,3, Puniethaa Prabhu3, Ashaq Hussain Bhat3, Arunsaikiran Senthilkumar3, Raj Pranap Arun1, Sharath Asokan4, Sachin S. Gunthe2 & Rama S. Verma1,5* Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease afecting nearly 70% of children in India and elsewhere. Micro-ecological niche based acidifcation due to dysbiosis in oral microbiome are crucial for caries onset and progression. Here we report the tooth bacteriome diversity compared in Indian children with caries free (CF), severe early childhood caries (SC) and recurrent caries (RC). High quality V3–V4 amplicon sequencing revealed that SC exhibited high bacterial diversity with unique combination and interrelationship. Gracillibacteria_GN02 and TM7 were unique in CF and SC respectively, while Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria were signifcantly high in RC. Interestingly, we found Streptococcus oralis subsp. tigurinus clade 071 in all groups with signifcant abundance in SC and RC. Positive correlation between low and high abundant bacteria as well as with TCS, PTS and ABC transporters were seen from co-occurrence network analysis. This could lead to persistence of SC niche resulting in RC. Comparative in vitro assessment of bioflm formation showed that the standard culture of S. oralis and its phylogenetically similar clinical isolates showed profound bioflm formation and augmented the growth and enhanced bioflm formation in S. mutans in both dual and multispecies cultures. Interaction among more than 700 species of microbiota under diferent micro-ecological niches of the human oral cavity1,2 acts as a primary defense against various pathogens. Tis has been observed to play a signifcant role in child’s oral and general health.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Molecular Detection of 19 Major Pathogens in the Interdental Biofilm of Periodontally Healthy Young Adults
    fmicb-07-00840 May 31, 2016 Time: 12:58 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 02 June 2016 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00840 Quantitative Molecular Detection of 19 Major Pathogens in the Interdental Biofilm of Periodontally Healthy Young Adults Florence Carrouel1†, Stéphane Viennot2†, Julie Santamaria3, Philippe Veber4 and Denis Bourgeois2* 1 Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 2 Laboratory “Health, Individual, Society” EA4129, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 3 Department of Prevention and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 4 Laboratory “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, UMR CNRS 5558 – LBBE, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France In oral health, the interdental spaces are a real ecological niche for which the body has few or no alternative defenses and where the traditional daily methods for control by disrupting biofilm are not adequate. The interdental spaces are Edited by: Yuji Morita, the source of many hypotheses regarding their potential associations with and/or Aichi Gakuin University, Japan causes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, degenerative Reviewed by: disease, and depression. This PCR study is the first to describe the interdental Kah Yan How, University of Malaya, Malaysia microbiota in healthy adults aged 18–35 years-old with reference to the Socransky Aurea Simón-Soro, complexes. The complexes tended to reflect microbial succession events in developing FISABIO Foundation, Spain dental biofilms. Early colonizers included members of the yellow, green, and Guliz N. Guncu, Hacettepe University, Turkey purple complexes. The orange complex bacteria generally appear after the early *Correspondence: colonizers and include many putative periodontal pathogens, such as Fusobacterium Denis Bourgeois nucleatum.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevotella Intermedia
    The principles of identification of oral anaerobic pathogens Dr. Edit Urbán © by author Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine ESCMID Online University of Lecture Szeged, Hungary Library Oral Microbiological Ecology Portrait of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) by Jan Verkolje Leeuwenhook in 1683-realized, that the film accumulated on the surface of the teeth contained diverse structural elements: bacteria Several hundred of different© bacteria,by author fungi and protozoans can live in the oral cavity When these organisms adhere to some surface they form an organizedESCMID mass called Online dental plaque Lecture or biofilm Library © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Gram-negative anaerobes Non-motile rods: Motile rods: Bacteriodaceae Selenomonas Prevotella Wolinella/Campylobacter Porphyromonas Treponema Bacteroides Mitsuokella Cocci: Veillonella Fusobacterium Leptotrichia © byCapnophyles: author Haemophilus A. actinomycetemcomitans ESCMID Online C. hominis, Lecture Eikenella Library Capnocytophaga Gram-positive anaerobes Rods: Cocci: Actinomyces Stomatococcus Propionibacterium Gemella Lactobacillus Peptostreptococcus Bifidobacterium Eubacterium Clostridium © by author Facultative: Streptococcus Rothia dentocariosa Micrococcus ESCMIDCorynebacterium Online LectureStaphylococcus Library © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Microbiology of periodontal disease The periodontium consist of gingiva, periodontial ligament, root cementerum and alveolar bone Bacteria cause virtually all forms of inflammatory
    [Show full text]
  • Interdental and Subgingival Microbiota May Affect the Tongue Microbial Ecology and Oral Malodour in Health, Gingivitis and Periodontitis
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.29.21256204; this version posted April 30, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Interdental and subgingival microbiota may affect the tongue microbial ecology and oral malodour in health, gingivitis and periodontitis Abish S. Stephen1, Narinder Dhadwal2, Vamshidhar Nagala2, Cecilia Gonzales-Marin2, David G. Gillam2, David J. Bradshaw3, Gary R. Burnett3, Robert P. Allaker1 1Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK 2Adult Oral Health Centre, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK. 3GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, UK. *Correspondence: Abish Stephen, Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Blizard Building, 4 Newark Street, London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)20 7882 7157; Fax: +44 (0)20 7882 2191; Email: [email protected] NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice. 1 medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.29.21256204; this version posted April 30, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Oral malodour is often observed in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients, and the tongue microbiota is thought to play a major role in malodorous gas production, including Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSCs) such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methanethiol.
    [Show full text]
  • (Actinobacillus) Actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga Species in an Immunocompetent Patient
    Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection (2011) 44, 149e151 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.e-jmii.com CASE REPORT Facial cellulitis because of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga species in an immunocompetent patient Chia-Jung Hsieh a, Kao-Pin Hwang b,*, Kuang-Che Kuo a, Po-Ren Hsueh c,d a Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan b Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University School of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan c Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan d Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Received 3 September 2009; received in revised form 15 January 2010; accepted 24 February 2010 KEYWORDS The species of Capnocytophaga and Aggregatibacter are normal flora and mostly cause Aggregatibacter periodontal diseases. The soft tissue infection caused by Aggregatibacter often is associated (Actinobacillus) actino- with Actinomyces species. Beside, most Capnocytophaga infections are described in immuno- mycetemcomitans; compromised patients. We identified facial cellulitis caused by Capnocytophaga spp and Capnocytophaga; Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in a 16-year-old immunocompetent Facial cellulitis; female. Immunocompetent Copyright ª 2011, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved. Introduction Bacteria of the genus Capnocytophaga and Actinobacillus * Corresponding author. Department of Pediatrics, China Medical occur in normal oral flora and in the presence of 1,2 University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan. periodontal disease. These organisms can cause peri- E-mail address: [email protected] (K.-P.
    [Show full text]