DOCSLIB.ORG

Cooperative Action of Cellular Proteins YB-1 and Pura With

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cooperative Action of Cellular Proteins YB-1 and Pura With Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 92, pp. 1087-1091, February 1995 Microbiology Cooperative action of cellular proteins YB-1 and Pura with the tumor antigen of the human JC polyomavirus determines their interaction with the viral lytic control element NANCIE N. CHEN*, CHUN-FAN CHANG*, GARY L. GALLIA*, DOUGLAS A. KERR*, EDWARD M. JOHNSONt, CHAVDAR P. KRACHMAROVt, SHARON M. BARRt, RICHARD J. FRISQUEi, BRIGITr BOLLAG*, AND KAMEL KHALILI*§ *Molecular Neurovirology Section, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jefferson Cancer Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107; tDepartment of Pathology and Brookdale Center for Molecular Biology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029; and tDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 Communicated by Duard Walker, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, October 14, 1994 (received for review July 22, 1994) ABSTRACT Human JC polyomavirus (JCV) is the etio- to cell-specific transcriptional factors, other regulatory pro- logic agent of the neurodegenerative disease progressive mul- teins found in various cells and tissues are believed to be critical tifocal leukoencephalopathy. By using JCV as a model, we in facilitating viral gene expression during the lytic cycle investigated the role of the viral early protein tumor antigen (13-18). Results from this (10-12, 17, 19) and other (9, 20) (TAg) in the binding of two cellular proteins, Pura and YB-1, laboratories have indicated that the 98-bp enhancer/promoter to JCV regulatory sequences. Results from band-shift assays sequence of JCV encompasses multiple cis-regulatory ele- with purified YB-1, Purca, and TAg indicated that efficient ments that interact specifically with nuclear proteins and binding ofPura, a strong activator ofearly gene transcription, modulate viral early and late gene transcription. A region to a single-stranded target sequence corresponding to the designated the lytic control element (LCE) in the 98-bp repeat viral lytic control element, is diminished in the presence ofthe proximal to the origin of DNA replication contains a pen- late gene activator YB-1, which recognizes the opposite strand tanucleotide repeat sequence, AGGGAAGGGA, juxtaposed of the Pura binding site. Of particular interest was the ability to a poly(dT-dA) tract that displays a single-stranded config- ofPura and TAg to enhance binding ofYB-1 to DNA molecules uration (21). This motif differentially affects viral gene ex- without being associated with this complex. Binding studies pression by positively and negatively modulating early and late using a mutant peptide encompassing the N terminus ofYB-1 promoter transcription (17, 19) and plays an important role in indicated that the C terminus ofYB-1 is important for its DNA viral DNA replication (22, 23). In this study we demonstrate binding activity. The ability of Purax and TAg to increase that two distinct cellular proteins, Pura and YB-1, activators binding ofYB-1 to DNA is independent ofthe YB-1 C terminus. for the early and late gene transcription of JCV, respectively, Similarly, results from band-shift assays using Pura variants modulate each other's binding to the LCE. Moreover, we show indicated that two distinct regions of this protein contribute that the viral early protein TAg is capable ofenhancing binding either to its ability to bind DNA or to its ability to enhance of YB-1 to DNA molecules. We propose a working model for YB-1 DNA binding activity. Based on the interaction of Pura, the potential role of LCE-binding proteins and the viral TAg YB-1, and TAg, and their binding to DNA, a model is proposed in programming the early-to-late shift of the viral gene tran- for the role ofthese proteins in transcription ofviral early and scription during the lytic cycle. late genes during the lytic cycle. Studies of the small DNA tumor viruses have provided insights MATERIALS AND METHODS into a number of regulatory pathways used in the synthesis and Expression and Purification of Pura and YB-1 from Bac- processing of eukaryotic mRNA. In particular, work on pa- teria. Maltose-binding protein (MBP)-Pura and MBP-YB-1 povaviruses including simian virus 40 (SV40) has led to the fusion proteins were produced in bacteria using the plasmids identification of several regulatory factors that modulate tran- pMAL-Pura and pMAL-YB-1, respectively. The expressor scription of eukaryotic genes (1, 2). This group of viruses plasmids were constructed by inserting cDNA sequences for utilizes the host cell machinery to promote viral transcription Pura (24) and YB-1 (25) in-frame into pMAL-cR1 vectors. bidirectionally during lytic infection, leading to the production Proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified on of regulatory tumor antigen (TAg) and structural capsid amylose affinity columns (New England Biolabs). Pura dele- proteins at early and late phases of infection, respectively (3, tion mutants were expressed as glutathione S-transferase 4). Accumulation of TAg at the early phase of infection is fusion proteins in E. coli BL21 Lys.S and purified with critical for the transcriptional switch from early to late pro- glutathione-agarose (Sigma) (26). Protein concentration was moters and the progression of subsequent events during the measured by the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad), and the purity of lytic cycle, including DNA replication in permissive cells (3, 4). proteins was examined by SDS/PAGE. The human JC polyomavirus (JCV) replicates efficiently in Expression and Purification of JCV and SV40 TAg from glial cells and has been repeatedly isolated from demyelinated Insect Cells. A JCV DNA fragment (nt 5130-4771/4426- plaques within the brain ofpatients with progressive multifocal 2473) containing exons 1 and 2 of the TAg gene was inserted leukoencephalopathy, a neurodegenerative disease (for re- into the baculovirus cloning vector pVL1392 (Invitrogen) views, see refs. 5-7). Several studies have established that the downstream from the polyhedrin promoter. This construct, restricted host range of JCV to glial cells is determined at the pVLl392-JCT (Int-), was used to generate the virus B-JCT by level of viral gene transcription that is mediated by glial- recombination with wild-type baculovirus Autographa califor- enriched DNA-binding regulatory proteins (8-12). In addition Abbreviations: JCV, JC polyomavirus; TAg, tumor antigen; SV40, simian The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge virus 40; LCE, lytic control element; MBP, maltose-binding protein; payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in CSD, cold-shock domain. accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. §To whom reprint requests should be addressed. 1087 Downloaded by guest on September 27, 2021 1088 Microbiology: Chen et al. Proc. NatL Acad Sci USA 92 (1995) nica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, AcMNPV. The recombinant A baculovirus 941T that expresses the SV40 TAg was a gift from Late Early M. Summers (Texas A&M University) and R. Lanford (South- west Foundation for Biomedical Research). To prepare puri- /T1 fied JCV and SV40 TAgs, Sf9 insect cells were infected with :ML3~~ B-JCT or 941T virus and lysed 48 h later. Viral proteins were B LCE TATA purified by binding to immunoaffinity columns containing monoclonal antibody PAb2000 (anti-JCV TAg) or PAb9O1 (anti-SV40 TAg) and eluting with triethylamine buffer con- 5' AGCCATCCCTTCCCT 3'(E) taining 20 mM triethylamine (pH 11.3), 10% glycerol, and 3 TCGGTAGGGAAGGGA 5' (L) leupeptin (10 ,g/ml). Band-Shift Assay. Binding reactions with purified MBP- B YB-1 and MBP-Pura were performed in 12 mM Hepes, pH Proteins: y Q A' 7.9/4 mM Tris HCl, pH 7.5/60 mM KCl/5 mM MgCl2/0.8 mM dithiothreitol/0.5 jig of poly(dI-dC). DNA-protein complexes .. ,.:.. ... were allowed to form during a 20- to 30-min incubation of the yP- protein sample with 50,000 cpm of probe DNA on ice. p . Reaction products were analyzed on a 9% polyacrylamide/ 0.5 x TBE gel (27) and detected by autoradiography. Binding activities were quantified by laser densitometry of autoradio- grams. RESULTS Interaction of YB-1 and Purax with LCE. The pentanucle- otide repeat sequence of LCE (Fig. 1A) is a potential target for the binding of Pura, a single-stranded DNA-binding protein that exhibits specific affinity for a purine-rich sequence ele- ment present in several gene flanking regions and origins of DNA replication (24, 28). Pura preferentially binds to closely spaced repeats of the triplet GGN. The cDNA encoding Pura 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 was cloned into a prokaryotic expression system (pMAL-cR), Probe: E and the bacterially expressed Pura protein exhibits binding L EL affinity to the pentanucleotide repeat located on the late FIG. 1. (A) Structural organization of the JCV Madl control strand of the LCE (PL), but not to that on the early strand (PE)- region that encompasses two complete 98-bp repeats, each containing Pura also binds, although weakly, to the duplex LCE (PEL) a stretch of A/T sequence and the LCE and B domains on the early side of the 98-bp repeat. Ori and core designate the positions of the (Fig. 1B). origin of DNA replication and a domain homologous to an octamer By using the DNA fragment derived from the central region enhancer sequence in SV40, respectively. The nucleotide composition of the JCV 98-bp repeat as a probe, we isolated a recombinant of LCE and its localization with respect to the B domain and TATA YB-1 clone with the ability to bind to a C + T-rich sequence region are shown. Arrows indicate the direction of transcription of of LCE (D.A.K., C.F.C., N.N.C., G.L.G., G.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • S41467-020-18249-3.Pdf
    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18249-3 OPEN Pharmacologically reversible zonation-dependent endothelial cell transcriptomic changes with neurodegenerative disease associations in the aged brain Lei Zhao1,2,17, Zhongqi Li 1,2,17, Joaquim S. L. Vong2,3,17, Xinyi Chen1,2, Hei-Ming Lai1,2,4,5,6, Leo Y. C. Yan1,2, Junzhe Huang1,2, Samuel K. H. Sy1,2,7, Xiaoyu Tian 8, Yu Huang 8, Ho Yin Edwin Chan5,9, Hon-Cheong So6,8, ✉ ✉ Wai-Lung Ng 10, Yamei Tang11, Wei-Jye Lin12,13, Vincent C. T. Mok1,5,6,14,15 &HoKo 1,2,4,5,6,8,14,16 1234567890():,; The molecular signatures of cells in the brain have been revealed in unprecedented detail, yet the ageing-associated genome-wide expression changes that may contribute to neurovas- cular dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases remain elusive. Here, we report zonation- dependent transcriptomic changes in aged mouse brain endothelial cells (ECs), which pro- minently implicate altered immune/cytokine signaling in ECs of all vascular segments, and functional changes impacting the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and glucose/energy metabolism especially in capillary ECs (capECs). An overrepresentation of Alzheimer disease (AD) GWAS genes is evident among the human orthologs of the differentially expressed genes of aged capECs, while comparative analysis revealed a subset of concordantly downregulated, functionally important genes in human AD brains. Treatment with exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, strongly reverses aged mouse brain EC transcriptomic changes and BBB leakage, with associated attenuation of microglial priming. We thus revealed tran- scriptomic alterations underlying brain EC ageing that are complex yet pharmacologically reversible.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Proteomics Identify the Possible Tumor Suppressive Role of Protease-Activated Receptor-4 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells
    Pathology & Oncology Research (2019) 25:937–943 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-018-0395-7 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Quantitative Proteomics Identify the Possible Tumor Suppressive Role of Protease-Activated Receptor-4 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Ming Wang1 & Shuhong An1 & Diyi Wang2 & Haizhen Ji3 & Min Geng1 & Xingjing Guo 3 & Zhaojin Wang1 Received: 28 November 2017 /Accepted: 21 February 2018 /Published online: 4 March 2018 # Arányi Lajos Foundation 2018 Abstract Exposure to carcinogens of tobacco smoke may result in methylation of protease-activated receptors-4 (PAR4) gene and further induces the loss of PAR4 expression, which is considered to be involved in carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here we employed a TMT-based quantitative proteomic approach to identify PAR4-regulated changes of proteomic profiles in ESCC cells and to identify potentially therapeutic value. A total of 33 proteins were found significantly changed with 15 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated in PAR4-activating peptide (PAR4-AP) treated ESCC cells compared with controls. Bioinformatics analysis showed that key higher expressed proteins included those associated with apoptosis and tumor suppressor (e.g. CASP9), and lower expressed proteins included those associated with anti-apoptosis, autophagy and promoting cell proliferation (e.g. CHMP1B, PURA, PARG and HIST1H2AH). Western blot verified changes in five representative proteins including CASP9, CHMP1B, PURA, PARG and HIST1H2AH. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CHMP1B, PURA, PARG and HIST1H2AH expression in ESCC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent nontumorous tissues. Our findings will be helpful in further investigations into the functions and molecular mechanisms of PAR4 in ESCC.
    [Show full text]
  • Role and Regulation of the P53-Homolog P73 in the Transformation of Normal Human Fibroblasts
    Role and regulation of the p53-homolog p73 in the transformation of normal human fibroblasts Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Lars Hofmann aus Aschaffenburg Würzburg 2007 Eingereicht am Mitglieder der Promotionskommission: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Dr. Martin J. Müller Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Michael P. Schön Gutachter : Prof. Dr. Georg Krohne Tag des Promotionskolloquiums: Doktorurkunde ausgehändigt am Erklärung Hiermit erkläre ich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbständig angefertigt und keine anderen als die angegebenen Hilfsmittel und Quellen verwendet habe. Diese Arbeit wurde weder in gleicher noch in ähnlicher Form in einem anderen Prüfungsverfahren vorgelegt. Ich habe früher, außer den mit dem Zulassungsgesuch urkundlichen Graden, keine weiteren akademischen Grade erworben und zu erwerben gesucht. Würzburg, Lars Hofmann Content SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ IV ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ............................................................................................. V 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Molecular basics of cancer .......................................................................................... 1 1.2. Early research on tumorigenesis ................................................................................. 3 1.3. Developing
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Characterization of Chromosome 5Q21.1–21.3 Microduplication: a Case Report
    Open Medicine 2020; 15: 1123–1127 Case Report Shuang Chen, Yang Yu, Han Zhang, Leilei Li, Yuting Jiang, Ruizhi Liu, Hongguo Zhang* Clinical characterization of chromosome 5q21.1–21.3 microduplication: A case report https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2020-0199 Keywords: chromosome 5, prenatal diagnosis, microdu- received May 20, 2020; accepted September 28, 2020 plication, genetic counseling Abstract: Chromosomal microdeletions and microdupli- cations likely represent the main genetic etiologies for children with developmental delay or intellectual dis- ability. Through prenatal chromosomal microarray ana- 1 Introduction lysis, some microdeletions or microduplications can be detected before birth to avoid unnecessary abortions or Chromosomal microdeletions,microduplications,and birth defects. Although some microdeletions or microdu- unbalanced rearrangements represent the main genetic plications of chromosome 5 have been reported, nu- etiological factors for children with developmental delay [ ] - merous microduplications remain undescribed. We de- or intellectual disability 1 . Currently, chromosomal mi ( ) fi - - scribe herein a case of a 30-year-old woman carrying a croarray analysis CMA is considered a rst tier diag [ ] - fetus with a chromosome 5q21.1–q21.3 microduplication. nostic tool for these children 2 . Through prenatal diag Because noninvasive prenatal testing indicated a fetal nosis of CMA, some microdeletions or microduplications - chromosome 5 abnormality, the patient underwent am- can be detected before birth to avoid unnecessary abor [ ] niocentesis at 22 weeks 4 days of gestation. Karyotyping tions or birth defects 3 . The clinical features of some and chromosomal microarray analysis were performed on chromosome 5 microduplications have been described [ – ] [ ] amniotic fluid cells. Fetal behavioral and structural ab- previously 4 8 .
    [Show full text]
  • PUR Promotes the Transcriptional Activation of PCK2 in Esophageal
    G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article PURα Promotes the Transcriptional Activation of PCK2 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Yan Sun , Jiajia Gao , Zongpan Jing, Yan Zhao, Yulin Sun and Xiaohang Zhao * State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; [email protected] (Y.S.); [email protected] (J.G.); [email protected] (Z.J.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (Y.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-106-7709-015 Received: 5 September 2020; Accepted: 30 October 2020; Published: 31 October 2020 Abstract: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal gastrointestinal malignancies due to its characteristics of local invasion and distant metastasis. Purine element binding protein α (PURα) is a DNA and RNA binding protein, and recent studies have showed that abnormal expression of PURα is associated with the progression of some tumors, but its oncogenic function, especially in ESCC progression, has not been determined. Based on the bioinformatic analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data, we found that PURα affected metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism, and we observed that it has binding peaks in the promoter of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK2). Meanwhile, PURα significantly increased the activity of the PCK2 gene promoter by binding to the GGGAGGCGGA motif, as determined though luciferase assay and ChIP-PCR/qPCR. The results of Western blotting and qRT-PCR analysis showed that PURα overexpression enhances the protein and mRNA levels of PCK2 in KYSE510 cells, whereas PURα knockdown inhibits the protein and mRNA levels of PCK2 in KYSE170 cells.
    [Show full text]
  • PURA Gene Purine Rich Element Binding Protein A
    PURA gene purine rich element binding protein A Normal Function The PURA gene provides instructions for making a protein called Pur-alpha (Pura ), which is able to attach (bind) to DNA and RNA (a molecular cousin of DNA). This protein has multiple roles in cells, including controlling the activity of genes (gene transcription) and aiding in the copying (replication) of DNA. The Pura protein is important for normal brain development. The protein helps direct the growth and division of nerve cells (neurons). It may also be involved in the formation or maturation of myelin, the protective substance that covers nerves and promotes the efficient transmission of nerve impulses. Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes 5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome 5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome is caused by a chromosomal change in which a small piece of chromosome 5 is deleted in each cell. This rare condition is characterized by severely delayed or impaired development of speech and walking, weak muscle tone ( hypotonia), breathing problems, recurrent seizures (epilepsy) or seizure-like episodes, and distinctive facial features. The deletion that causes this condition occurs on the long (q) arm of the chromosome at a position designated q31.3. The size of the deletion can range from several thousand to several million DNA building blocks (base pairs). The deleted region typically contains at least three genes, one of which is PURA. A loss of one copy of the PURA gene is thought to alter normal brain development and impair the function of neurons, leading to developmental delay, hypotonia, and other neurological problems in people with 5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome.
    [Show full text]
  • Deletions of PURA, at 5Q31, and PURB, at 7P13, in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Progression to Acute Myelogenous Leukemia K Lezon-Geyda1,2, V Najfeld2 and EM Johnson1
    Leukemia (2001) 15, 954–962 2001 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0887-6924/01 $15.00 www.nature.com/leu Deletions of PURA, at 5q31, and PURB, at 7p13, in myelodysplastic syndrome and progression to acute myelogenous leukemia K Lezon-Geyda1,2, V Najfeld2 and EM Johnson1 1Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Derald H Ruttenberg Cancer Center; and 2Tumor Cytogenetics Laboratory, Polly Annenberg Levee Hematology Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Deletions or monosomy of chromosomes 5 and 7 are frequently gle gene product, the levels of which are critical, may be con- observed in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myel- ferred by haploinsufficiency.16 Similarly, no tumor suppressor ogenous leukemia (AML). In this study two genes, PURA and PURB, encoding functionally cooperative proteins in the Pur genes have yet been identified at deleted loci on chromosome family, are localized to chromosome bands 5q31.1 and 7p13, 7. The possibility has been noted that tumor suppressor genes respectively. One or both of these loci are shown to be hemiz- are present at more than one site on the long arms of chromo- ygously deleted in 60 MDS or AML patients using fluorescence some 7,17 as deletions of 7q are more frequently seen in MDS in situ hybridization (FISH). High-resolution mapping of PURA patients than deletions in 7p.1 On the other hand, deletions localizes it approximately 1.1 Mb telomeric to the EGR-1 gene. of 7p are seen in a significant number of cases,1,18 and thus Frequency of PURA deletion and segregation with EGR-1 indi- cate that PURA is within the most commonly deleted segment it is conceivable that the high prevalence of monosomy 7 in myeloid disorders characterized by del(5)(q31).
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Damage and Repair, Neurodegeneration and Role Of
    iMedPub Journals ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE 2015 http://wwwimedpub.com Vol. 7 No. 4:5 DNA Damage and Repair, Juan Chai 1*, Yongling Li 2*, Neurodegeneration and the Role Huichen Wang3, of Purα in DNA Repair Jianqi Cui1,2 1 Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, the Incubation Base of National Abstract Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical Univer- A numerous endogenous and exogenous agents can cause DNA damage which sity, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, China would affect the integrity of genomic materials inside the body. The response to DNA damage is the activation of DNA damage sensing protein ATM and ATR 2 The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, which trigger the cascade reactivation of repair system to fix the damaged DNA. Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, If the damaged DNA was not completely repaired or the ability of DNA repair was Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, deficient in the neuron, it would cause a series of fateful consequences such as cell China death, apoptosis or oncogenesis. The deficiency in DNA repair also causes many neurodegenerative diseases. Purα is a ubiquitous nucleic acid-binding protein that 3 Chancellor's Research Initiative (CRI) - was originally purified from the mouse brain based on its ability to bind to a DNA Radiation Institute for Science and Engi- sequence derived from the promoter of the mouse myelin basic protein gene. It is neering (RaISE), College of arts and sci- reported that Purα also played an important role in DNA repair. In this review, we ence, Prairie View A&M University, Minor will discuss the importance of DNA damage and repair in central nervous system, Street 2230, Room 330, Prairie View, TX- the relationship between the DNA damage and neurodegeneration as well as the 77446 function of Purα, especially, the role it played in the DNA repair.
    [Show full text]
  • Rg Dg15 Rg16
    CALENDAR YEAR(s): 2017 through 2020 AUSTRALIA Clayton - Monash University Peter David Currie PhD RG Using zebrafish congenital muscular dystrophy models to find novel therapies. $100,000.00 8/1/2016 7/31/2017 Year 2 $100,000.00 8/1/2017 7/31/2018 Year 3 Summary Numerous studies have suggested that zebrafish genetic models of human diseases can recapitulate many aspects of the human pathology. This is particularly well documented for muscle wasting diseases where a number of genetic models of human muscular dystrophies have been identified by our laboratory. Specific to the aims of this project was the identification of a zebrafish mutation in the Laminin alpha 2 gene which is mutated in the most common form of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). We have used this zebrafish model to make observations on the mechanisms by why muscle cells die when they lack Laminin alpha2 protein. We now wish to understand this process better and will use the specific advantages of the zebrafish system to make observations that will lead to the identification of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of CMD. We have also developed methods to screen the zebrafish model of CMD to identify novel drug compounds and we will use these methods to find drugs that prevent the onset and progression of muscle waiting in this model. We hope these compounds will form the basis for the development of drugs to treat congenital muscular dystrophy. Tamar Esther Sztal Ph.D DG15 Evaluating therapies to improve muscle function in nemaline myopathy $60,000.00 2/1/2016 1/31/2017 Year 1 $60,000.00 2/1/2017 1/31/2018 Year 2 $60,000.00 2/1/2018 1/31/2019 Year 3 Summary Nemaline myopathies are congenital muscle diseases causing severe muscle weakness and low muscle tone.
    [Show full text]
  • Pur-Alpha Participates in the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease Through Direct and Indirect Ways
    Pur-alpha participates in the progression of Alzheimer's disease through direct and indirect ways Xiaoguang Shi Ningxia Medical University Shuanglai Ren Ningxia Medical University Bingying Zhang Ningxia Medical University Shanshan Guo Ningxia Medical University Wenxin He Ningxia Medical University Chengmin Yuan Ningxia Medical University Xiaofan Yang Hongqi Hospital Aliated to Mudanjiang Medical University Kevin Ig-lzevbekhai University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Tao Sun Ningxia Medical University Qinwen Wang Ningbo University Jianqi Cui ( [email protected] ) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-7473 Research article Keywords: Pur-alpha, Alzheimer’s disease, neurodevelopment, Ab clearance, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq Posted Date: March 31st, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-19973/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/20 Abstract Background: Purine rich element binding protein A (Pur-alpha)encoded by the PURA gene is an important transcriptional regulator that binds to DNA and RNA and is involved in processes such as DNA replication and RNA translation. Pur-alpha plays an important role in the nervous system. Our previous research found that the regulatory effect of Pur-alpha on APP suggests that it may be involved in the production of beta- amyloids. Suggestting that Pur-alpha may plays a role in Alzheimer ’s disease (AD), but the relevant evidence is insucient. Methods: We performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of Pura-KO mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line (HT22) to analyze the effect of puralpha deletion on neuron expression prole. And then combined with ChIP-seq analysis to explore the mechanism of Pura on gene regulation.
    [Show full text]
  • SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Analysis of Gene Expression in Human Dermal Fibroblasts Treated with Senescence-Modulating COX Inhibit
    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Analysis of Gene Expression in Human Dermal Fibroblasts Treated with Senescence-Modulating COX Inhibitors Jeong A. Han1*, Jong-Il Kim2,3,4** 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea, 3Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea, 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Korea http://www.genominfo.org/src/sm/gni-15-56-s001.pdf Supplementary Table 7. Enriched genes of HALLMARK_G2M_CHECKPOINT in celecoxib-treated HDFs (celecoxib vs. DMSO) Symbol Decription Running ES BCL3 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 0.410 CDKN1B Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27, Kip1) 0.410 WHSC1 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 0.408 SUV39H1 Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (Drosophila) 0.407 PDS5B PDS5 cohesin associated factor B 0.406 CENPE Centromere protein E, 312kDa 0.406 CDC45 Cell division cycle 45 0.406 CENPF Centromere protein F, 350/400kDa 0.406 KIF15 Kinesin family member 15 0.405 TACC3 Transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 3 0.405 TOP2A Topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa 0.405 KPNB1 Karyopherin (importin) beta 1 0.405 DDX39A DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 39A 0.404 UCK2 Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 0.403 SYNCRIP Synaptotagmin binding, cytoplasmic RNA interacting protein 0.403 NEK2 NIMA-related kinase 2 0.402
    [Show full text]
  • A Novel Mitosis-Associated Lncrna, MA-Linc1, Is Required for Cell Cycle Progression and Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel
    www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Oncotarget, Vol. 6, No. 29 A novel mitosis-associated lncRNA, MA-linc1, is required for cell cycle progression and sensitizes cancer cells to Paclitaxel Or Bida1, Moriah Gidoni1, Diana Ideses1, Sol Efroni1, Doron Ginsberg1 1The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel Correspondence to: Doron Ginsberg, e-mail: [email protected] Keywords: lncRNA, cell cycle, Paclitaxel, E2F Received: March 12, 2015 Accepted: July 31, 2015 Published: August 11, 2015 ABSTRACT Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are major regulators of many cellular processes including cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. In this study, we identify a novel lncRNA, MA-linc1, and reveal its effects on cell cycle progression and cancer growth. Inhibition of MA-linc1 expression alters cell cycle distribution, leading to a decrease in the number of G1 cells and a concomitant increase in all other stages of the cell cycle, and in particular G2/M, suggesting its involvement in the regulation of M phase. Accordingly, knock down of MA-linc1 inhibits M phase exit upon release from a mitotic block. We further demonstrate that MA-linc1 predominantly functions in cis to repress expression of its neighboring gene, Purα, which is often deleted in human cancers and whose ectopic expression inhibits cell cycle progression. Knock down of Purα partially rescues the MA-linc1 dependent inhibition of M phase exit. In agreement with its suggested role in M phase, inhibition of MA-linc1 enhances apoptotic cell death induced by the antimitotic drug, Paclitaxel and this enhancement of apoptosis is rescued by Purα knockdown.
    [Show full text]