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Estimations of Undisturbed Ground Temperatures Using Numerical and Analytical Modeling
ESTIMATIONS OF UNDISTURBED GROUND TEMPERATURES USING NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELING By LU XING Bachelor of Arts/Science in Mechanical Engineering Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan, China 2008 Master of Arts/Science in Mechanical Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK, US 2010 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 2014 ESTIMATIONS OF UNDISTURBED GROUND TEMPERATURES USING NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELING Dissertation Approved: Dr. Jeffrey D. Spitler Dissertation Adviser Dr. Daniel E. Fisher Dr. Afshin J. Ghajar Dr. Richard A. Beier ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Jeffrey D. Spitler, who patiently guided me through the hard times and encouraged me to continue in every stage of this study until it was completed. I greatly appreciate all his efforts in making me a more qualified PhD, an independent researcher, a stronger and better person. Also, I would like to devote my sincere thanks to my parents, Hongda Xing and Chune Mei, who have been with me all the time. Their endless support, unconditional love and patience are the biggest reason for all the successes in my life. To all my good friends, colleagues in the US and in China, who talked to me and were with me during the difficult times. I would like to give many thanks to my committee members, Dr. Daniel E. Fisher, Dr. Afshin J. Ghajar and Dr. Richard A. Beier for their suggestions which helped me to improve my research and dissertation. -
Mapping the 'Khalistan' Movement, 1930-1947: an Overview
Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan Volume No. 55, Issue No. 1(January - June, 2018) Samina Iqbal * Rukhsana Yasmeen** Kalsoom Hanif *** Ghulam Shabir **** Mapping the ‘Khalistan’ Movement, 1930-1947: An overview Abstract This study attempts to understand the struggle of the Sikhs of the Punjab, during the colonial period (1930-1947), for their separate home-land- Khalistan, which to date have been an unfinished agenda. They still feel they have missed the train by joining hands with the Congress Party. There is strong feeling sometime it comes out in shape of upsurge of freedom of moments in the East Punjab. Therefore it is important to understand what was common understanding of the Sikh about the freedom struggle and how they reacted to national movements and why they filed to achieve a separate homeland-Khalistan. The problem is that the Sikh demands have so been ignored by the British government of India and His Majesty’s Government in England. These demands were also were not given proper attention by the Government of Punjab, Muslim leadership and Congress. Although the Sikhs had a voice in the politics and economic spheres their numerical distribution in the Punjab meant that they were concerted in any particular areas. Therefore they remained a minority and could only achieve a small voting strength under separate electorates. The other significant factor working against the Sikh community was that the leadership representing was factionalized and disunited, thus leading to a lack of united representation during the freedom struggle and thus their demand for the creation of a Sikh state could not become a force to reckon. -
MARCH 2021 Current Affairs Best Revision Questions
MARCH 2021 Current Affairs Best Revision Questions Q) Consider the following statements. a) ISRO successfully launched Brazil’s optical earth observation satellite, Amazonia-1, and 18 co-passenger satellites b) The satellites were carried onboard the PSLV-C51, the 53rd flight of ISRO’s launch vehicle and the first dedicated mission of its commercial arm, NewSpace India Ltd. Which of the above statements is/are correct? A. 1 only B. 2 only C. Both 1 and 2 D. Neither 1 nor 2 Ans - C The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Sunday successfully launched Brazil’s optical earth observation satellite, Amazonia-1, and 18 co-passenger satellites — five from India and 13 from the U.S. — from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota. The satellites were carried onboard the PSLV-C51, the 53rd flight of ISRO’s launch vehicle, and the first dedicated mission of its commercial arm, NewSpace India Ltd. The mission was undertaken under a commercial arrangement with Spaceflight Inc., U.S. Q) Consider the following statements: a) Indian Air Force will perform at an airshow at the Galle Face in Colombo as part of the 70th-anniversary celebrations of the Sri Lankan Air Force (SLAF) b) This is the first performance for the Suryakiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT) outside India since it was resurrected in 2015 with the Hawk advanced jet trainers. Which of the above statements is/are correct? A. 1 only 1 TELEGRAM LINK: https://t.me/opdemy WEBSITE: www.opdemy.com B. 2 only C. Both 1 and 2 D. Neither 1 nor 2 Anc - C The Suryakiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT) and the Sarang helicopter display team, along with the light combat aircraft, of the Indian Air Force, will perform at an airshow at the Galle Face in Colombo from March 3 to 5 as part of the 70th-anniversary celebrations of the Sri Lankan Air Force (SLAF). -
NDIN in Collaboration With: the Sikh Coalition, UNITED SIKHS, and Researchers at the University of Southern California -Center for Religion and Civic Culture
BE A READY CONGREGATION Tip Sheets for Faith Community Partners Competency Guidelines: Sheltering & Mass Care for Sikhs These guidelines are provided to inform cultural competency and reasonable religious accommodation mandates for U.S. Mass Care providers, and to assist staff and volunteers in competently meeting the needs of Sikhs during disaster response or recovery operations —whether at a government or private shelter, or a shelter in a Gurdwara (a Sikh temple) or any other house of worship. In Mass Care registration or service settings, Sikhs may or may not choose to self -identify and, despite common assumptions, their outward dress or appearance may not identify them as Sikh. Moreover, ethnic or regional garb does not necessarily indicate religious observance. The Sikh faith originates from the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. For example, aside from the Sikh turban ( Dastar ) which some Sikh men (common) and women (less common) choose not to wear, Buddhists, Christians, Hindus, Muslims and members of other faith communities from South Asia may also wear the same (or similar) ethnic clothing. Although some Sikhs may feel comfortable raising concerns about their religious needs, others may not voice their concerns regarding any or all of the following issues. SHELTERING • Greetings and Physical Interaction: Upon entering a Mass Care setting, families and individuals who appear in a turban or Punjabi garb, or self -identify as Sikh, will feel most welcome if staff demonstrate a willingness to respect and meet their cultural and religious needs. These first impressions matter. Staff must also recognize greeting customs. Sikhs greet one another, and can be greeted by non -Sikhs with the Punjabi salutation —Sat Sri Akal : roughly translated as, "Blessed is the person who says 'God is Truth.” Sikhs do exchange handshakes with, or embrace, people of the opposite gender. -
Letters on Slavery
}m iBi fh^^i^/V^'^^J^^^ Digitized by tlie Internet Archive in 2010 witli funding from Associates of tlie Boston Public Library / The Boston Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/lettersonslaveryOOdick LETTERS O !f S L A V E R Y, &c. LETTERS O K SLAVERY, B T WILLIAM DICKSON, FORMERLY PRIVATE SECRETARY TO THE LATE HON. EDWARD HAY, GOVERNOR OF BARBADOES. TO WHICH ARE ADDEDj ADDRESSES to the Whites, and to the Free Negroes of BARBADOES ; and ACCOUNTS OF SOME Negroes eminent for their virtues AND abilities. ** Behold and fee if there be any forrow like unto our forrow." Jerem. Lam, I. I2« *' Pollentl ftabilita manu (Deus almus eandem " Omnigenis animamj nil prohibente dedit) *' Ipfa colons egens virtus, prudentiaj honefto ** Nullus ineft animo, nullus in arte color," F. Williams, a Negro Poet and Mathematician. LONDON: PRINTEDbAND S:CLP EV Ji PHIL y ji* J^ ^li EOVGl',- f / RD, LOMBARB- stre>;t, 'Ai^K ?;OLD e'y ^j. jonr'Sf,yy.sTJ 'p/itTL^s church- TARD, AND ELLIOT AND KAY, OPPOSITE SOMERSET PLACEy JTRANd'.— -JU.3CC.LXXXIX. y^Mt yrf'^f$4^H "-^-%SM^ ' //%.. fy,4/ ( iii ) INTRODUCTION. MY original defign, was to lay before the Public a free and impartial fketch of negro flavery as it now cxifts in the ifland of Barbadoes ; to fliow how it would be affedted by the abolition of the flave-trade ; and to prove by arguments, founded on faSis-, the natural equa- lity of the natives of the immenfe continent of Africa to the reft of mankind.—I am confcious, I have not wil- fully misftated or exaggerated any one circumftance ; and I have written with the caution of a man who ex- pedls to meet with the moft pertinacious contradiction. -
“Unthreatening the Sikh Turban,” Anthropology News
8/30/12 Anthropology News Unthreatening the Sikh Turban Harjant S Gill August has been a painful month for Sikhs living in the United States and worldwide. The August 5th shootings at a Sikh temple in Oak Creek Wisconsin brought up urgent issues of racial discrimination and xenophobia facing members of American Sikh community. To me the incident represents a symptom of larger problem of racist and anti-immigrant sentiments pervasive in current politics that implicates all minorities. In a divisive election year political pundits and politicians have stepped up the hateful rhetoric, preying once again on public fears of the unknown and the “other.” Sikhs, especially turban wearing Sikh men, are experiencing even greater level of racial profiling and violence since 9/11. With the turban being miss-associated with terrorism and religious extremism, it is easy to speculate on the gunman’s motives and why he specifically targeted turbaned Sikh men upon entering the temple. Seeing the images of the six victims led me to reflect on my own relationship to hair and turban. For me the two symbols have less to do with my faith and more to do with my cultural identity, my relationship with my family, my childhood in India, my experiences as an immigrant in the United States, and lately as a topic of ethnographic research and my latest documentary film Roots of Love: On Sikh Hair and Turban. Punjab, India 2010. A young boy in Punjab goes through the Sikh rite of passage into manhood as his maternal uncle ties his first turban during the Dastar Bandi [Turban Tying] ceremony. -
Meaning and Importance of the Turban
Meaning and Importance of the Turban Types of Turban: Dumalla ‘Gol’ Dastar ‘Sidhi’ Dastar The turban or "pagri" or "pag" or "dastar" are different words in various dialects. All these words refer to the garment worn by both men and women to cover their heads. It is a headdress consisting of a long piece of cloth tied around the head. The Sikh turban, pag or pagrri is called a dastaar , which is a more respectful word in Punjabi for the turban. Importance of the turban in Sikhism When a Sikh man or woman dons a turban, the turban ceases to be just a band of cloth; for it becomes one and the same with the Sikh's head. The turban, as well as the five other articles of faith worn by Sikhs, has an immense spiritual and temporal significance. While the symbolism associated with wearing a turban are many — sovereignty, dedication, self-respect, courage and piety, the main reason that Sikhs wear a turban is to show their love, obedience and respect for the founder of the Khalsa Guru Gobind Singh. Historical Background The turban has been worn by people for thousands of years. In ancient Egypt, the turban was worn as an ornamental head dress. They called it ‘pjr’, from which is derived the word ‘pugree’, so commonly used in India. Kohanim (priests) in the Jewish temple in Jerusalem wore turbans; they go back at least as far as biblical times! Traditionally in India, the turban was only worn by men of high status in society; men of low status or of lower castes were not allowed or could not afford to wear a turban. -
Manipur Traditional Costumes
Manipur Traditional Costumes Manipur traditional costumes are very charisma and attractive and very simple and easier to wear them. The patterns and designs on the costumes are very unique and colorful. Manipur Traditional Costumes for Women: Innaphi and Phanek are the Manipuri traditional dress for women in Manipur. All Manipuri women wore these costumes. Phanek is worn like a sarong. The Manipuri dress is woven with the hand in horizontal line designs. The people also weave special Phanek, those called Mayek Naibi. The designs on Naibi are horizontal stripes and very attractive to look. This dress gives an extra appearance to the women and glows the beauty of the wearer. Meitai Females only stitch a cloth which called Kanap Phanek. The Kanap Phanek seems in the design of skirt and Meitai females stitched it with various designs. ‘Lai-Phi is another attractive cloth, which is in white color having a yellow border. ‘Chin-Phi’ is also another Manipuri traditional costume; the costumes made with embroidered Phanek. Manipur Traditional Costumes for Men: Manipur Men wear their traditional costume dhoti with a jacket. The white turban called Pagri wear commonly. The superior member of society wears cloth which called Khamen Chatpa. The Khamen Chatpa is generally worn on the ritual occasions. In ancient period the kings gifted Khamen Chatpa to the Genius, Poets and well-known people as the gifts and award. In ancient times the kings wear the special Ningthoupee dress and the warriors wear Zamphie during the wars. Manipuri Dress For Modern People: Manipur people strictly follow their tradition and culture. -
The Sikhs Pdf, Epub, Ebook
THE SIKHS PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Patwant Singh | 304 pages | 17 Jul 2001 | Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group Inc | 9780385502061 | English | New York, United States Sikhism - Wikipedia She still actively attends both Sikh and Christian services. Notable Sikhs in science include nuclear scientist Piara Singh Gill , who worked on the Manhattan Project ; fibre-optics pioneer Narinder Singh Kapany ; and physicist, science writer and broadcaster Simon Singh. India's largest pharmaceutical company, Ranbaxy Laboratories , is headed by Sikhs. Sikhs supported the British during the Indian Rebellion of Around the world, Sikhs are commemorated in Commonwealth cemeteries. Khalistan movement began as an expatriate venture. A similar announcement was made by Balbir Singh Sandhu, in Amritsar , who released stamps and currency of Khalistan. With financial and political support of the Sikh diaspora, the movement flourished in the Indian state of Punjab , which has a Sikh-majority population and reached its zenith in the late s and s when the secessionist movement caused large scale violence among the local population. Operation Blue Star was an Indian military operation carried out between 1 and 8 June , ordered by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to remove militant religious leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his armed followers from the buildings of the Harmandir Sahib complex in Amritsar , Punjab. The total number of deaths was in violent incidents and riots while 1, people were injured. Assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and bombing of Air India plane killing passengers by Sikhs happened in the aftermath. There are claims of funding from Sikhs outside India to attract young people into these pro-Khalistan militant groups. -
Rajasthani Traditional Headgear: Protection to Sophistication
DOI: 10.15740/HAS/AJHS/14.2/463-467 eview ISSN : 0973-4732 Visit us: www.researchjournal.co.in A R AsianAJHS Journal of Home Science Volume 14 | Issue 2 | December, 2019 | 463-467 Rajasthani traditional headgear: Protection to sophistication Shikha Dashora and Meenu Srivastava Received: 09.09.2019; Accepted: 28.11.2019 ABSTRACT : Rajasthan is very popular in all over the world for its cultural diversity, tradition and antique handicraft. Rajasthani costumes show its own uniqueness, out of which headgear, traditional male costume is a great identification mark of belongingness from Rajasthan. This paper deals with the protection and utilization of turban and socio-cultural significance of headgear. The headgear used in Rajasthan to protect the head from extraordinary climatic condition as well as it plays an important role in identify culture, caste, religion and belongingness. See end of the paper for authors’ affiliations It is the symbol of status. It was the most important part of nobleman’s costume and their Meenu Srivastava courtier. Most of the Rajasthani community are very much attached to this attire as their social Department of Textiles and and cultural heritage. Apparel Designing, College of Community and Applied Science, KEY WORDS: Handicraft, Jewelleary, Rajasthani costumes, Block printing Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, HOW TO CITE THIS PAPER : Dashora, Shikha and Srivastava, Meenu (2019). Rajasthani traditional Udaipur (Rajasthan) India headgear: Protection to sophistication. Asian J. Home Sci., 14 (2) : 463-467, DOI: 10.15740/HAS/AJHS/ Email : [email protected] 14.2/463-467. Copyright@ 2019: Hind Agri-Horticultural Society. ajasthan is often called the shoppers “paradise” it– something that the color and the style of the turban as it is famous for textiles, semi-precious stones are reflective of (https://www.utsavpedia.com/attires/ Rand handicrafts. -
Dastar's Next Stand Mark Mckenna Notre Dame Law School, [email protected]
Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Journal Articles Publications 2012 Dastar's Next Stand Mark McKenna Notre Dame Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Mark McKenna, Dastar's Next Stand, 19 J. Intell. Prop. L. 357 (2011-2012). Available at: https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship/621 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DASTAR'S NEXT STAND Mark P.McKennd? TABLE OF CONTENTS I. THE DASTAR D ECISION............................................................................ 364 II. DAsTAR's LIMITATIONS, AND OPEN QUESTIONS ............................... 373 III. CONTENT-BASED CLAIMS AND THE SPIRIT OF DAsTAR.................... 380 IV . CO N CLUSIO N ............................................................................................... 387 * Professor of Law and Notre Dame Presidential Fellow, Notre Dame Law School. Thanks to Stacey Dogan, Glynn Lunney, Mike Madison, and Rebecca Tushnet for helpful discussions of the ideas in this Essay, and to the participants at the University of Georgia School of Law's Symposium on the Future of Intellectual Property and the 2012 Intellectual Property Scholars Conference -
Draft Framework June 16, 2016
DRAFT FRAMEWORK JUNE 16, 2016 This package has been produced by the Free Akal Takht team as a starting point for discussion and collaboration within the global Sikh community (Sikh Qaum). ੴ ਵਾਿਹਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫ਼ਤਹ ॥ ਵਡਾ ਤੇਰਾ ਦਰਬਾਰੁ ਸਚਾ ਤੁਧੁ ਤਖਤੁ ॥ ਿਸਿਰ ਸਾਹਾ ਪਾਿਤਸਾਹੁ ਿਨਹਚਲੁ ਚਉਰੁ ਛਤੁ ॥ Framework Introduction Contents Outline of Package Introduction Terminology Ideology Outline of Package This package has been produced by the Free Akal Takht team as a starting point for discussion and collaboration within the global Sikh community (Sikh Qaum). The package is made up of the following documents: 1. Free Akal Takht Introduction a. Guiding principles and mandate of the Free Akal Takht Team 2. Short Term: Next Sarbat Khalsa 3. Long Term: Framework Introduction a. This current document. Introduction to the Framework 4. Long Term: Framework Governance a. An explanation of the proposed Akal Takht Governance System framework 5. Framework Definitions a. Definitions of the main terms and institutions used in the Framework 6. Framework Background a. A more thorough explanation of the key institutions and principles used in the Framework from a Gurbani, Gurmat and Sikh historical perspective 7. Framework Diagram a. A visual representation of the framework 8. Frequently Asked Questions a. Answers to the questions we are asked most often about the Free Akal Takht movement and the framework #FreeAkalTakht DRAFT Framework 2 of 51 ੴ ਵਾਿਹਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫ਼ਤਹ ॥ ਵਡਾ ਤੇਰਾ ਦਰਬਾਰੁ ਸਚਾ ਤੁਧੁ ਤਖਤੁ ॥ ਿਸਿਰ ਸਾਹਾ ਪਾਿਤਸਾਹੁ ਿਨਹਚਲੁ ਚਉਰੁ ਛਤੁ ॥ Free Akal Takht Introduction Contents Our Mandate Guiding principles Where Are We Headed? Short Term and Long Term #FreeAkalTakht DRAFT Framework 3 of 51 Our Mandate Free Akal Takht is focused on supporting the following two resolutions that were declared at the November 2015 Sarbat Khalsa: Resolution #2 Reaffirms Akal Takht Sahib is Gurugifted sovereign Sikh institution which must become fully independent again.