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Prof. Dr. L. Woltjer EUROPEAN SOUTHERN EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY COVER PICTURE PHOTOGRAPHIE DE UMSCHLAGSFOTO COUVERTURE False colour image of the jet of the Crab Sur cette image en fausses couleurs, prise Diese Falschfarbenabbildung, die mit Nebula taken with EFOSC at the 3.6 m avec EFOSC au telescope de 3,6 m, on EFOSC am 3,6-m-Teleskop aufgenorw telescope by S. D'Odorico. voit le «jet» de la nebuleuse du Crabe. men wurde, zeigt den "Jet" des Krebs" Observateur: S. D'Odorico. Nebels. Beobachter: S. D'Odorico Annual Report / Rapport annuel / Jahresbericht 1985 presented to the Council by the Director General presente au Conseil par le Directeur general dem Rat vorgelegt vom Generaldirektor Prof. Dr. L. Woltjer EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY Organisation Europeenne pour des Recherches Astronomiques dans I'Hemisphere Austral Europäische Organisation für astronomische Forschung in der südlichen Hemisphäre Table Table des Inhalts­ ., of Contents matleres verzeichnis INTRODUCTION . 5 INTRODUCTION . 5 EINLEITUNG 5 RESEARCH 9 RECHERCHES , 9 FORSCHUNG 9 Joint Research Recherches communes Gemeinsame Forschung mit with Chilean Institutes 22 avec les instituts chiliens ... 22 chilenischen Instituten .... 22 Conferences and Workshops .. 23 Conferences et colloques ., .. , 23 Konferenzen und Workshops .. 23 Sky Survey 23 Carte du ciel 23 Himmelsatlas 23 Image Processing 24 Traitement des images 24 Bildauswertung 24 The European Coordinating Le Centre Europeen de Coor- Die Europäische Koordinie- Facility for the Space dination pour le Telescope rungsstelle für das Weltraum- Telescope (ST-ECF) 26 Spatial (ST-ECF) .. , ..... , 26 Teleskop (ST-ECF) 26 FACILITIES INSTALLATIONS EINRICHTUNGEN TeIescopes 31 Teiescopes 31 Teleskope 31 Instrumentation 38 Instrumentation 38 Instrumentierung 38 Buildings 43 Batiments 38 Gebäude " 43 FINANCIAL AND ORGA- FINANCES ET FINANZEN UND NIZATIONAL MATTERS 45 ORGANISATION 45 ORGANISATION 45 APPENDIXES ANNEXES ANHANG Appendix 1- Annexe I- Anhang 1- Use of Telescopes ........ 50 Utilisation des telescopes 50 Verwendung der Teleskope 50 Appendix 11 - Annexe 11 - Anhang 11- Programmes .. , .. , .... 69 Programmes .. , .. '" ... , 69 Programme ............. 69 Appendix 111 - Annexe III - Anhang III- Publications .. .. .. .. .. 79 Publications ..... , " ... , 79 Veröffentlichungen ....... 79 Appendix IV - Annexe IV- Anhang IV - Council and Committee Membres du Conseil et des Rats- und Ausschuß- Members on 1. 1. 1986 . .. 89 comites au 1. 1. 1986 .. , ... 89 mitglieder am 1.1. 1986 .... 89 3 A wide-field view of the Milky Way ette vue agrand champ dll cent/'e de la Diese Weitwinkelaufnahme des Milch­ centre, covering the constellations of Voie Lactee, couvrant les constellations straßenzentntms, die sich liber die tenJ­ Scorpius, Ophiuchus and apart of du Scorpion, d'Ophiuchus et une partie bi/der corpio, Ophiuchus Imd einen agittarius, reveal the extended dust du agittaire, revete des nuages de pous­ Teil von Sagittarius erstreckt, zeigt auS­ clouds, emission nebulae, such as M 8 siere eundus, des nebuleuses aemissions gedehnte Staubwolken, Emissionmebel and NG 6334, as weil as the bright tel/es qlle M 8 et N 6334, ainsi qlle wie zum Beispiel M 8 lind Ne 6334 galactic elu ters M 6 and M 7. les amas galactiques bril/ants M 6 et sowie die hellen galaktischen /-Iaufe,! This photo is a conU'ast enhanced, direct M 7. M 6 lind M 7. colour photo obtained with a call1era e diche est une photographie cOlllellr Dieses Photo ist eine komrasterhö!Jte mOllnted on the GPO telescope. (Ob­ directe, au contraste renforce, obtel1lle Farbphotographie, die mit einer a/Ii server: C. Madsen.) a.vec I.me camera montee sur l'astrogra­ GPO-Teleskop montierten Kamera ge­ phe (GPO). Observatellr: . Madsen.) macht wllrde. (Beobachter: . Madsen.) 4 possible very soon after its installa­ rapidement apres I'installation du wissenschaftliche Arbeit in begrenz­ tion, the full adjustment of its sur­ telescope, le reglage complet de sa tem Umfang mit dem Teleskop face and of the pointing model will surface et du modele de pointage schon sehr bald nach seiner Installa­ certainly take considerably longer. necessitera certainement plus de tion möglich sein wird, wird die temps. vollständige Justierung seiner Ober­ fläche und des "Pointing"-Modells gewiß erheblich mehr Zeit brau­ chen. ~oth IRSPEC, the cooled grating Le spectrographe infrarouge (IRS­ Sowohl IRSPEC, ein gekühlter Git­ IOfrared spectrograph, and EFOSC, PEC) et le spectrographe a reduc­ ter-Infrarot-Spektrograph, als auch ~he focal reducer spectrograph, were teur focal (EFOSC) ont ete installes EFOSC, ein Fokalreduktor-Spek­ ~nstalled at the 3.6 m telescope dur­ cette annee au telescope de 3,6 m et trograph, wurden während des Jah­ lOg the year, and both are now ils sont offerts maintenant aux as­ res am 3,6-m-Teleskop montiert. offered to Visiting Astronomers. tronomes visiteurs. La faible magni­ Beide werden jetzt Gastbeobachtern The faint limiting magnitude of tude limite d'EFOSC, inferieure a V angeboten. Die geringe Grenzgröße EFOSC, well below V = 25 in a 15­ = 25 en 15 minutes d'exposition et von EFOSC, deutlich unter V=25 mi~ute exposure, and the ability to la possibilite de proceder immedia­ in einer 15-Minuten-Belichtung, do Immediately follow-up spectros­ tement a la spectroscopie des objets und die Möglichkeit, sofort im An­ COpy of objects so discovered down ainsi decouverts jusqu'a des magni­ schluß an eine so gemachte Entdek­ to magnitudes near V = 23 have tudes proches de V = 23, en font un kung Spektren von Objekten bis made this instrument very much in instrument tres demande. Du fait herab zu V=23 zu machen, haben demand. With CCDs available also que l'utilisation des CCD a ete ren­ dieses Instrument zu einem der ge­ at the B&C spectrograph, the IDS due possible au spectrographe B & C, fragtesten werden lassen. Da CCDs could be effectively retired some six I'IDS, premier detecteur moderne auch für den B&C-Spektrographen years after its installation as the first au telescope de 3,6 m, a pu etre verfügbar sind, konnte nunmehr das modern detector at the 3.6 m tele­ effectivement mis hors service envi­ IDS, gut sechs Jahre nach seiner In­ scope. Of particular importance ron six ans apres son installation. La betriebnahme als erstem modernem also was the successful coating technique de traitement de surface Detektor am 3,6-m-Teleskop, außer technique for CCDs developed at des CCD mise au point a l'ESO Dienst gestellt werden. Von beson­ ESO, which gave a satisfactory avec succes et qui donne une re­ derer Bedeutung war das bei ESO spectral response down to 3000 A. ponse spectrale satisfaisante jusqu'a für CCDs entwickelte erfolgreiche The multiple object spectrograph 3000 A s'est revelee particuliere­ Beschichtungsverfahren, das eine OPTOPUS, based on optical fibres, ment importante. Le spectrographe befriedigende Empfindlichkeit bis Was also made available to visitors multi-objets OPTOPUS, a liaison herab zu 3000 A ergibt. OPTOPUS, du ring the year. par fibres optiques, a ete mis egale­ ein Spektrograph, der mittels opti­ ment a la disposition des visiteurs scher Fasern die Spektroskopie von cette annee. mehreren Objekten gleichzeitig ge­ stattet, wurde ebenfalls im Laufe des Jahres Gastbeobachtern zugänglich gemacht. The European Coordinating Facili­ Le Centre Europeen de Coordina­ Die Europäische Koordinierungs­ ty for the Space Telescope - jointly tion pour le Telescope Spatial (ST­ stelle für das Weltraumteleskop, die ~ponsored by ESO and ESA - was ECF) - finance conjointement par gemeinsam von ESO und ESA un­ In. full actlvlty." Much effort was put l'ESO et l'ESA - a ete tres actif. terhalten wird, hat ihre Tätigkeit Into. ST Instrument. modelling - for Beaucoup d'efforts ont ete consa­ voll aufgenommen. Viel Arbeit ~PtImal programme preparation, cres a la modelisation des instru­ wurde in Software-Modelle der ST­ .ata analysis software, and the set­ ments du ST - pour l'optimisation Instrumente zur optimalen Vorbe­ ~~g up of a framework for archiving de la preparation des programmes, reitung von Beobachtungsprogram­ data and gaining convenient le logiciel d'analyse des donnees, et men investiert, in Software für die access thereto. A large conference of pour l'etablissement d'une structure Datenanalyse, und in die Erstellung pro . spectIVe European ST users was d'archivage et d'acces ameliore aux eines Rahmenkonzepts für die Ar- 7 The necessary facilities for handling est la fabrication de l'optique. Les der Optik, da die notwendigen Ein­ 8 m mirrors do not yet exist. Exten­ installations necessaires pour la ma­ richtungen für die Bearbeitung von sive experimentation on mirror nipulation de miroirs de 8 metres 8-m-Spiegeln noch nicht existieren. materials is therefore being conti­ n'existent pas encore. C'est pour­ Ausführliche Versuche mit Spiegel­ nued, while a "VLT preparatory quoi des etudes tres poussees sur les materialien werden daher fortge­ programme" is planned for materiaux destines aux miroirs sont setzt, während ein "VLT-Vorberei­ 1987-1988 in which work on some poursuivies et un programme prepa­ tungsprogramm" für 1987-88 ge­ of the infrastructure requirements ratoire pour le VLT pour plant ist, mit dem Infrastrukturmaß• might be initiated already before the 1987-1988 a ete etabli, programme nahmen eingeleitet werden könnten, full project is started. selon lequel les travaux destines a noch bevor das vollständige Projekt certains besoins de l'infrastructure begonnen hat. pourraient etre engages avant la mise en route du projet dans son ensemble. The 3.5 m New Technology Tele­ Le telescope anouvelle technologie Das 3,5-m-"New Technology Te­ scope, NTT, made excellent pro­ de 3,5 m (NTT) a beaucoup pro­ leskop", NTT, hat ausgezeichnete gress. The mechanical design was gresse. Au cours de l'annee, la Fortschritte gemacht. Der Entwurf completed during the year and a conception mecanique a ete achevee für die Mechanik wurde im Laufe contract for its fabrication prepared. et on a etabli un contrat pour sa des Jahres vollendet, und ein Ver­ Work on the mirror blank remained fabrication. Le travail sur l'ebauche trag für seine Herstellung vorberei­ on schedule, and preparations for its du miroir continue et des preparatifs tet.
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