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Modellierung, Darstellung Und Interaktive Animierung Virtueller Charaktere in 3D-Echtzeitanwendungen

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Modellierung, Darstellung Und Interaktive Animierung Virtueller Charaktere in 3D-Echtzeitanwendungen Abstrakt 1 Hochschule der Medien, Stuttgart Fachbereich Druck und Medien Studiengang Medieninformatik Modellierung, Darstellung und interaktive Animierung virtueller Charaktere in 3D-Echtzeitanwendungen Die Entstehung eines Charakters und die dynamische Animierung eines ped-Systems für eine interaktive 3D-Welt Diplomarbeit vorgelegt von Valentin Schwind Norman Pohl Erstprüfer: Prof. Dr. Jens-Uwe Hahn Zweitprüfer: Prof. Walter Kriha Stuttgart, den 06.01.2009 Abstrakt 2 Abstrakt Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entstehung und Animierung virtueller Charaktere in interaktiven 3D- Welten. Anhand des Computerspiels „Die Stadt NOAH“, ein studiengangübergreifendes Projekt an der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart (HdM), und der Überarbeitung der Hauptfigur „Sophie Faber“, möchten wir den Prozess dieser Entstehung vorstellen, auf die besonderen Herausforderungen dieser Entwicklung eingehen und die Erkenn- tnisse aus dieser Arbeit aufzeigen. Ziel ist es, die Techniken und Vorgehensweisen zu veranschaulichen, die für die grafische und programmiertechni- sche Entstehung solcher glaubwürdiger, dreidimensionaler Charaktere erforderlich sind. Wir lernen in dieser Ausar- beitung die Prozesse kennen, wie aus einem gezeichneten Konzept ein vollständiger, dreidimensionaler Charakter entsteht, der schließlich animiert und gesteuert werden kann. Schwerpunkt dieses Projekts ist hierbei die dynamische Animierung eines Charakters. Untersucht werden dabei die Aspekte der Konzeption, Modellierung, Texturierung, des Skulptierens und der Ani- mierung von Computerspielfiguren. Wir schauen auf andere Spiele-Technologien und blicken hinter die Kulissen modernen Charakter-Designs. Diese Arbeit zeigt auf, wie man Computerspielfiguren „lebendig“ werden lässt und welche Herausforderungen und Probleme dieses Vorhaben mit sich bringt. Die praktischen Teile unserer Ausarbeitung sind in zwei zentrale Einheiten aufgeteilt, die von uns parallel bearbeitet wurden: a. Die Entstehung einer glaubwürdigen, virtuellen Spielfigur. b. Die Darstellung und Animierung dieser Figur mithilfe einer eigenen Applikation, die dynamische Bewe- gungsabläufe unter Verwendung eines inversen kinematischen (IK)-Systems generiert. Das Ergebnis enthält neben der ausführlichen Beschreibung unserer Entwicklung, ergänzende Hintergrundinforma- tionen, die den Entstehungsprozess inhaltlich abrunden. Erklärung 3 Erklärung Abgrenzung Kapitel Seite Verantwortlicher 1 Einleitung 12 Norman Pohl, Valentin Schwind 2 Die Entstehung eines virtuellen Charakters 15 Valentin Schwind 3 Darstellung und interaktive Animation eines virtuellen Charakters in Echtzeit 88 Norman Pohl Erklärung Hiermit erklären wir, die vorliegende Diplomarbeit selbstständig und gemäß der obigen Abgrenzung angefertigt zu haben. Es wurden nur die in der Arbeit angegebenen Quellen und Hilfsmittel benutzt. Wörtlich oder sinngemäß übernommenes Gedankengut haben wir als solches kenntlich gemacht. Wir versichern, dass wir bislang keine Prüfungsarbeit mit gleichem oder ähnlichem Thema bei einer Prüfungsbehör- de oder einer anderen Hochschule vorgelegt haben. Ort, Datum Unterschrift: Valentin Schwind Ort, Datum Unterschrift: Norman Pohl Inhaltsverzeichnis 4 Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstrakt ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Erklärung ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Inhaltsverzeichnis .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Abbildungsverzeichnis ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Tabellenverzeichnis ............................................................................................................................................... 10 Abkürzungsverzeichnis .......................................................................................................................................... 11 1 Einleitung ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Projektvorstellung ................................................................................................................................ 13 1.1.1 Die Stadt NOAH ......................................................................................................................... 13 1.1.2 Beschreibung................................................................................................................................ 13 1.1.3 Motivation ................................................................................................................................... 14 1.1.4 Das Team .................................................................................................................................... 14 1.1.5 Ansprechpartner ........................................................................................................................... 14 1.1.6 Dank ........................................................................................................................................... 14 2 Die Entstehung eines virtuellen Charakters .................................................................................................. 15 2.1 Einführung ........................................................................................................................................... 16 2.1.1 Allgemeines .................................................................................................................................. 16 2.1.2 Die vier Stufen der Immersion ..................................................................................................... 16 2.1.3 Figuren mit Charakter .................................................................................................................. 17 2.1.4 Das Uncanny Valley..................................................................................................................... 18 2.1.5 Technische Grenzen ..................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.6 Charaktere auf Bildern ................................................................................................................. 20 2.1.7 Charaktere in Computeranimationen ........................................................................................... 20 2.1.8 Charaktere in interaktiven Anwendungen .................................................................................... 22 2.1.9 Charaktere in Computerspielen .................................................................................................... 23 2.1.10 Charaktere in Machinimas ........................................................................................................... 26 2.1.11 Medien im Vergleich .................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.12 Einschränkungen bei 3D-Echtzeitanwendungen .......................................................................... 27 2.1.13 Zusammenfassung der Prozesse .................................................................................................... 28 2.1.14 Auswahl der Software ................................................................................................................... 29 2.2 Idee & Konzepte .................................................................................................................................. 31 2.2.1 Allgemeines .................................................................................................................................. 31 2.2.2 Design ......................................................................................................................................... 31 2.2.3 Sophie Faber ................................................................................................................................ 31 2.2.4 Erstes Konzept ............................................................................................................................. 32 2.2.5 Das Vorgängermodell ................................................................................................................... 32 2.2.6 Zweites Konzept .......................................................................................................................... 33 2.2.7 Drittes Konzept ........................................................................................................................... 33 2.3 Modellierung ....................................................................................................................................... 34 2.3.1 Allgemeines .................................................................................................................................. 34 2.3.2 Vorbereitungen ............................................................................................................................ 34 2.3.3 Durchführung .............................................................................................................................. 35 Inhaltsverzeichnis 5 2.3.4 Kopf
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