DOCSLIB.ORG

Survey Archaeology and the Historical Geography of Central Western Anatolia in the Second Millennium BC

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Survey Archaeology and the Historical Geography of Central Western Anatolia in the Second Millennium BC European Journal of Archaeology 20 (1) 2017, 120–147 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Story of a Forgotten Kingdom? Survey Archaeology and the Historical Geography of Central Western Anatolia in the Second Millennium BC 1,2,3 1,3 CHRISTOPHER H. ROOSEVELT AND CHRISTINA LUKE 1Department of Archaeology and History of Art, Koç University, I˙stanbul, Turkey 2Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Koç University, I˙stanbul, Turkey 3Department of Archaeology, Boston University, USA This article presents previously unknown archaeological evidence of a mid-second-millennium BC kingdom located in central western Anatolia. Discovered during the work of the Central Lydia Archaeological Survey in the Marmara Lake basin of the Gediz Valley in western Turkey, the material evidence appears to correlate well with text-based reconstructions of Late Bronze Age historical geog- raphy drawn from Hittite archives. One site in particular—Kaymakçı—stands out as a regional capital and the results of the systematic archaeological survey allow for an understanding of local settlement patterns, moving beyond traditional correlations between historical geography and capital sites alone. Comparison with contemporary sites in central western Anatolia, furthermore, identifies material com- monalities in site forms that may indicate a regional architectural tradition if not just influence from Hittite hegemony. Keywords: survey archaeology, Anatolia, Bronze Age, historical geography, Hittites, Seha River Land INTRODUCTION correlates of historical territories and king- doms have remained elusive. The historical geography of western This is hardly a novel situation. Long Anatolia in the second millennium BC has traditions of Biblical and Classical archae- become much clearer in recent decades. ology in the Mediterranean have roots in New discoveries and re-interpretations of attempts to connect material remains to both rupestral monuments in western textually attested peoples. In Anatolia Anatolia and archives from Hattusa, the itself, Hittite archaeology proper began in Hittite capital in north central Anatolia, the 1870s and 1880s with William have led to general consensus, if not unan- Wright’s(1874, 1884) and Archibald imity, on the broad outlines of many geo- Henry Sayce’s(1880, 1888) inspired con- political units in the area, from their first nections between previously unidentified appearances in Hittite texts to their inclu- hieroglyphic inscriptions, the biblical sion under imperial control. Yet while the ‘Hittites’, and the Egyptian ‘Kheta’, historical map appears more and more unveiling the Story of a Forgotten Empire, clearly delineated, the archaeological as Sayce called it. Similarly, Heinrich © European Association of Archaeologists 2016 doi:10.1017/eaa.2016.2 Manuscript received 18 May 2015, accepted 10 February 2016, revised 29 January 2016 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.22, on 26 Sep 2021 at 16:00:59, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2016.2 Roosevelt and Luke – The story of a Forgotten Kingdom? 121 Schliemann’s privileging of textual evidence for a singular capital site, but also for in his search for Homeric Troy is linked thriving communities in its hinterland. ontologically with Manfred Korfmann’sre- Our presentation of the second-millen- covery of empirical datasets at Troy that nium BC archaeology of the Central Lydia support arguments that the Hittites once Archaeological Survey (CLAS) study area knew the area as Wilusa (Starke, 1997; begins with a review of the historical geog- Korfmann, 2006). In such cases, however, raphy of central western Anatolia as illu- survey archaeology has played only a minor strated by Late Bronze Age Hittite role compared to excavation in helping to interests in and general information about flesh the bones of historical interpretation the area. We then discuss survey methods with material realities (see Matthews & and summarize the results analysed to Glatz, 2009). What is the potential for date. With the discovery of six fortified archaeological survey in previously unsys- citadels, five unfortified settlements, and tematically studied regions to recover data- at least twenty-three other sites of contem- sets that link well with and extend the porary activity in the region, this survey textual record in ways that excavation at project illustrates the presence of a well- single sites cannot? developed constellation of local communi- As of the late 1990s, the middle river ties in central western Anatolia that valley of the Gediz (the Hermos of greatly complements our understanding of Classical times) was one such unsystemat- regional settlement from texts alone. ically studied region. With few exceptions, Comparison with contemporary sites and historical and archaeological investigations materials in western Anatolia discovered had focused on the Iron Age kingdom of via survey and excavation also shows that Lydia in the first millennium BC, with this new evidence represents one of the visions of its capital Sardis commanding fullest pictures we have of a western vast hinterlands in Lydian and subsequent Anatolian settlement system of the second times. Yet in a 1998 article, Hittitologist millennium BC, from fortified citadel to J. David Hawkins suggested that Sardis, agricultural countryside. or a site in its environs, may have been an earlier capital of a forgotten Bronze Age kingdom too: the Seha River Land, an in- EMPIRE AND KINGDOM:HISTORICAL digenous realm and later Hittite vassal GEOGRAPHY IN LATE BRONZE AGE state recorded in Hittite texts of the Late WESTERN ANATOLIA Bronze Age (c. 1650–1200 BC). With the express purpose of examining the immedi- The story of the Hittites of north central ate hinterland of Sardis in all periods of Anatolia is well known to scholars of human history—not just the Late Bronze Mediterranean history and archaeology Age or Lydian periods—the Central Lydia (e.g. Bryce, 2005). By the mid-second mil- Archaeological Survey (CLAS) worked lennium BC,kingsrulingfromHattusa,a between 2005 and 2014 to explore an area capital city of monumental walls, temples, of c. 350 km2 around 10 km north of and palaces, interacted diplomatically and Sardis across the Gediz Valley. Among militarily with neighbouring peoples in all results from diverse periods, the work directions. Best known are Hittite interac- offers the best candidate yet known for a tions with Babylonian, Mittanian, Assyrian, capital of the Seha River Land. and Egyptian areas to the south and south- Furthermore, because of its systematic ap- east, where the conquest of previously inde- proach, the survey reveals evidence not just pendent states transformed the central Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.22, on 26 Sep 2021 at 16:00:59, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2016.2 122 European Journal of Archaeology 20 (1) 2017 Anatolian kingdom into a hegemonic Kurunta over a combined group of Mira empire (Glatz, 2009). Of numerous king- and Kuwaliya, Manapa-Tarhunda over a doms affected by Hittite growth over the combined group of the Seha River Land courseoftheLateBronzeAge,agroupof and Appawiya, and, lastly, Alaksandu over politically aligned lands in western Anatolia Wilusa (Beckman, 1999:69–93). knowntotheHittitesasArzawa,orthe The precise locations of these vassal Arzawa Lands, remains one of the least kingdoms in western Anatolia have gained understood. resolution recently, after nearly a century Arzawa enters history fleetingly in of scholarship. Their existence, based on records of the seventeenth and sixteenth evidence provided by cuneiform tablets in century concerning the military campaigns archives at Hattusa, has been known since of Hattusili I and perhaps also those of his early in the twentieth century, yet only in grandson and successor Mursili I the last thirty years have nearly continuous (Heinhold-Krahmer, 1977:19–21; Bryce, epigraphical, archaeological, and topo- 2003:46–47, 2005; Yakubovich, 2008: graphical discoveries and syntheses 97). Little is revealed about the area at enabled their more confident placement that time, however, and it is not until on the map (Figure 1). Particularly influ- much later in the second millennium that ential in these geographical reconstructions more information is gained. were the masterful works of Frank Starke The annals of king Tudhaliya I/II de- (1997) and J. David Hawkins (1998) (see scribe campaigns against Arzawa, the Seha also Mountjoy, 1998, Sarı, 2013, and River Land, and Hapalla in the early to Alparslan & Doğan-Alparslan, 2015). mid fourteenth century (Heinhold-Krahmer, Wilusa, commonly associated with the 1977: 256–58; Bryce, 2003:48–49). By this Greek Ilios, has been tied to the Troad in time Arzawan kings had become powerful north-western Anatolia, with its capital at enough to threaten Hittite sovereignty and Troy, the only known fortified site in the negotiate marriage alliances directly with region (Pavúk & Schubert, 2014; Rose, Amenhotep III of Egypt (Moran, 1992: 2014:25–43). Mira and Kuwaliya prob- 101). According to later fourteenth- and ably coincided
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
    The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Seven Churches of Revelation Turkey
    TRAVEL GUIDE SEVEN CHURCHES OF REVELATION TURKEY TURKEY Pergamum Lesbos Thyatira Sardis Izmir Chios Smyrna Philadelphia Samos Ephesus Laodicea Aegean Sea Patmos ASIA Kos 1 Rhodes ARCHEOLOGICAL MAP OF WESTERN TURKEY BULGARIA Sinanköy Manya Mt. NORTH EDİRNE KIRKLARELİ Selimiye Fatih Iron Foundry Mosque UNESCO B L A C K S E A MACEDONIA Yeni Saray Kırklareli Höyük İSTANBUL Herakleia Skotoussa (Byzantium) Krenides Linos (Constantinople) Sirra Philippi Beikos Palatianon Berge Karaevlialtı Menekşe Çatağı Prusias Tauriana Filippoi THRACE Bathonea Küçükyalı Ad hypium Morylos Dikaia Heraion teikhos Achaeology Edessa Neapolis park KOCAELİ Tragilos Antisara Abdera Perinthos Basilica UNESCO Maroneia TEKİRDAĞ (İZMİT) DÜZCE Europos Kavala Doriskos Nicomedia Pella Amphipolis Stryme Işıklar Mt. ALBANIA Allante Lete Bormiskos Thessalonica Argilos THE SEA OF MARMARA SAKARYA MACEDONIANaoussa Apollonia Thassos Ainos (ADAPAZARI) UNESCO Thermes Aegae YALOVA Ceramic Furnaces Selectum Chalastra Strepsa Berea Iznik Lake Nicea Methone Cyzicus Vergina Petralona Samothrace Parion Roman theater Acanthos Zeytinli Ada Apamela Aisa Ouranopolis Hisardere Dasaki Elimia Pydna Barçın Höyük BTHYNIA Galepsos Yenibademli Höyük BURSA UNESCO Antigonia Thyssus Apollonia (Prusa) ÇANAKKALE Manyas Zeytinlik Höyük Arisbe Lake Ulubat Phylace Dion Akrothooi Lake Sane Parthenopolis GÖKCEADA Aktopraklık O.Gazi Külliyesi BİLECİK Asprokampos Kremaste Daskyleion UNESCO Höyük Pythion Neopolis Astyra Sundiken Mts. Herakleum Paşalar Sarhöyük Mount Athos Achmilleion Troy Pessinus Potamia Mt.Olympos
    [Show full text]
  • Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics
    Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics The eighth-century revolution Version 1.0 December 2005 Ian Morris Stanford University Abstract: Through most of the 20th century classicists saw the 8th century BC as a period of major changes, which they characterized as “revolutionary,” but in the 1990s critics proposed more gradualist interpretations. In this paper I argue that while 30 years of fieldwork and new analyses inevitably require us to modify the framework established by Snodgrass in the 1970s (a profound social and economic depression in the Aegean c. 1100-800 BC; major population growth in the 8th century; social and cultural transformations that established the parameters of classical society), it nevertheless remains the most convincing interpretation of the evidence, and that the idea of an 8th-century revolution remains useful © Ian Morris. [email protected] 1 THE EIGHTH-CENTURY REVOLUTION Ian Morris Introduction In the eighth century BC the communities of central Aegean Greece (see figure 1) and their colonies overseas laid the foundations of the economic, social, and cultural framework that constrained and enabled Greek achievements for the next five hundred years. Rapid population growth promoted warfare, trade, and political centralization all around the Mediterranean. In most regions, the outcome was a concentration of power in the hands of kings, but Aegean Greeks created a new form of identity, the equal male citizen, living freely within a small polis. This vision of the good society was intensely contested throughout the late eighth century, but by the end of the archaic period it had defeated all rival models in the central Aegean, and was spreading through other Greek communities.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 Maayandonors.Pdf
    The Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School Annual Fundraising Campaign, Ma’ayan, CESJDS is deeply appreciative of the very ensures that CESJDS can provide more than a basic education. It ensures that our generous annual subsidy that we receive for Timeless lessons. each student from the Jewish Federation of children and families have the benefi t of enhancements in every area of our School. Greater Washington. Enduring values. Thank you for supporting CESJDS through Ma’ayan so that we can strengthen our Brilliant futures. School, allow others to a ord this experience, create new Jewish leaders, and ensure the best programs and teachers that our children deserve. CESJDS’s success in our extended community is due, in no small measure, to your support of our School. WWW.CESJDS.ORG THANK YOU TO THE FOLLOWING DONORS: MITZVAH SOCIETY ($25,000+) Jessica & Michael Isen Jennifer & Michael Reichbach Joan & Abe Brauner & Rabbi Jacob Blumenthal Linda & Neil Kirschner Rebecca & Steven Weisman Stephanie Cantor ’08 Marsha & Marvin Fish Catherine & Christopher Hendrix Drs. Judith & Jonathan Levin Cathy & Samuel Pearlman Robert Sniffen Marsha & Sidney Tishler Monica & Gavin Abrams Kimberly & Abraham Kader Sara Cohen Rich ’87 & Norm Rich Lisa & Jonathan Charnoff Susan & Harvey Blumenthal Rhonda Kleiner Devra ’89 & Avi Weiss Revital & Nir Carmel Rosalyn & Monroe Fisher Jordan Herling Susan Wachtel & Richard Levine Jillian Pedone Rachel Sniffen ’14 Stacy Weiner & Yoel Tobin The Bender Foundation, Inc. Lauren Kogod & David Smiley Meryl ’75 & Samuel ’75 Rosenberg Corey Cines ’07 Debra Vodenos & Samuel Boxerman Ellen & Barry Koitz Edith & Charles Weller Leah F. Chanin Miriam Fishkin Galit & Tal Hermoni Ilana Levine ’00 Kathryn & Rick Penn Tamara & Ivan Snyder Miriam & Sheldon Tommer Diane & Norman Bernstein Leslie S.
    [Show full text]
  • Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early
    Dokuz Eylül University – DEU The Research Center for the Archaeology of Western Anatolia – EKVAM Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea Congressus internationales Smyrnenses X Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine periods An international video conference on the southeastern part of central Anatolia in classical antiquity May 14-15, 2020 / Izmir, Turkey Edited by Ergün Laflı Izmir 2020 Last update: 04/05/2020. 1 Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine periods. Papers presented at the international video conference on the southeastern part of central Anatolia in classical antiquity, May 14-15, 2020 / Izmir, Turkey, Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea – Acta congressus communis omnium gentium Smyrnae. Copyright © 2020 Ergün Laflı (editor) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission from the editor. ISBN: 978-605-031-211-9. Page setting: Ergün Laflı (Izmir). Text corrections and revisions: Hugo Thoen (Deinze / Ghent). Papers, presented at the international video conference, entitled “Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine periods. An international video conference on the southeastern part of central Anatolia in classical antiquity” in May 14–15, 2020 in Izmir, Turkey. 36 papers with 61 pages and numerous colourful figures. All papers and key words are in English. 21 x 29,7 cm; paperback; 40 gr. quality paper. Frontispiece. A Roman stele with two portraits in the Museum of Kırşehir; accession nos. A.5.1.95a-b (photograph by E.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts-Booklet-Lamp-Symposium-1
    Dokuz Eylül University – DEU The Research Center for the Archaeology of Western Anatolia – EKVAM Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea Congressus internationales Smyrnenses XI Ancient terracotta lamps from Anatolia and the eastern Mediterranean to Dacia, the Black Sea and beyond. Comparative lychnological studies in the eastern parts of the Roman Empire and peripheral areas. An international symposium May 16-17, 2019 / Izmir, Turkey ABSTRACTS Edited by Ergün Laflı Gülseren Kan Şahin Laurent Chrzanovski Last update: 20/05/2019. Izmir, 2019 Websites: https://independent.academia.edu/TheLydiaSymposium https://www.researchgate.net/profile/The_Lydia_Symposium Logo illustration: An early Byzantine terracotta lamp from Alata in Cilicia; museum of Mersin (B. Gürler, 2004). 1 This symposium is dedicated to Professor Hugo Thoen (Ghent / Deinze) who contributed to Anatolian archaeology with his excavations in Pessinus. 2 Table of contents Ergün Laflı, An introduction to the ancient lychnological studies in Anatolia, the eastern Mediterranean, Dacia, the Black Sea and beyond: Editorial remarks to the abstract booklet of the symposium...................................6-12. Program of the international symposium on ancient lamps in Anatolia, the eastern Mediterranean, Dacia, the Black Sea and beyond..........................................................................................................................................12-15. Abstracts……………………………………...................................................................................16-67. Constantin
    [Show full text]
  • Separating Fact from Fiction in the Aiolian Migration
    hesperia yy (2008) SEPARATING FACT Pages399-430 FROM FICTION IN THE AIOLIAN MIGRATION ABSTRACT Iron Age settlementsin the northeastAegean are usuallyattributed to Aioliancolonists who journeyed across the Aegean from mainland Greece. This articlereviews the literary accounts of the migration and presentsthe relevantarchaeological evidence, with a focuson newmaterial from Troy. No onearea played a dominantrole in colonizing Aiolis, nor is sucha widespread colonizationsupported by the archaeologicalrecord. But the aggressive promotionof migrationaccounts after the PersianWars provedmutually beneficialto bothsides of theAegean and justified the composition of the Delian League. Scholarlyassessments of habitation in thenortheast Aegean during the EarlyIron Age are remarkably consistent: most settlements are attributed toAiolian colonists who had journeyed across the Aegean from Thessaly, Boiotia,Akhaia, or a combinationof all three.1There is no uniformityin theancient sources that deal with the migration, although Orestes and his descendantsare named as theleaders in mostaccounts, and are credited withfounding colonies over a broadgeographic area, including Lesbos, Tenedos,the western and southerncoasts of theTroad, and theregion betweenthe bays of Adramyttion and Smyrna(Fig. 1). In otherwords, mainlandGreece has repeatedly been viewed as theagent responsible for 1. TroyIV, pp. 147-148,248-249; appendixgradually developed into a Mountjoy,Holt Parker,Gabe Pizzorno, Berard1959; Cook 1962,pp. 25-29; magisterialstudy that is includedhere Allison Sterrett,John Wallrodt, Mal- 1973,pp. 360-363;Vanschoonwinkel as a companionarticle (Parker 2008). colm Wiener, and the anonymous 1991,pp. 405-421; Tenger 1999, It is our hope that readersinterested in reviewersfor Hesperia. Most of trie pp. 121-126;Boardman 1999, pp. 23- the Aiolian migrationwill read both articlewas writtenin the Burnham 33; Fisher2000, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Thermopylae Line
    CHAPTER 6 THE THERMOPYLAE LINE ENERAL Wavell arrived in Athens on the 19th April and immediately e Gheld a conference at General Wilson's quarters . Although an effectiv decision to embark the British force from Greece had been made on a higher level in London, the commanders on the spot now once agai n deeply considered the pros and cons . The Greek Government was unstable and had suggested that the British force should depart in order to avoid further devastation of the country. It was unlikely that the Greek Army of Epirus could be extricated and some of its senior officers were urging sur- render. General Wilson considered that his force could hold the Ther- mopylae line indefinitely once the troops were in position.l "The arguments in favour of fighting it out, which [it] is always better to do if possible, " wrote Wilson later,2 "were : the tying up of enemy forces, army and air , which would result therefrom ; the strain the evacuation would place o n the Navy and Merchant Marine ; the effect on the morale of the troops and the loss of equipment which would be incurred . In favour of with- drawal the arguments were : the question as to whether our forces in Greece could be reinforced as this was essential ; the question of the maintenance of our forces, plus the feeding of the civil population ; the weakness of our air forces with few airfields and little prospect of receiving reinforcements ; the little hope of the Greek Army being able to recover its morale . The decision was made to withdraw from Greece ." The British leaders con- sidered that it was unlikely that they would be able to take out any equip- ment except that which the troops carried, and that they would be lucky "to get away with 30 per cent of the force" .
    [Show full text]
  • Hittites and Etruscans
    136 HITTITES AND ETRUSCANS. (though better scholars may modify many of my renderings) is also a very strong argument. I now desire to state the points which seem safe. I. That the Hittites were an Ugro-Altaic people whose language was earest to those of the Finnic group. 2. That their language was agglutinative. 3. That "packets" occur on the texts. 4. That the ideographic values are the same in some case~ as in gyptian. 1 5. That certain comparisons are possible with the earliest known ;cuneiform. ;! 6. That the inscriptions are possibly Talismans in several cases if not in all. What is now needful is the verification of the roots by careful comparative study, which will require some time and labour to accomplish. To this I hope to devote spare time in the future. C. R. CONDER. HITTITES AND ETRUSCANS. THE work which Dr. I~aac Taylor published in 1874, called "Etruscan Researches," was the foundation of a true knowledge of Etruscan lan­ guage. He found that, like the Akkadian-which has been called the Sanskrit of the Turanian languages-Etruscan was an Ugro-Altaic language, closely akin to the Finnic dialects. It is therefore clear that it will assist us in studying what is popularly called Hittite. The Etrus­ cans were akin to the Pelasgi, the Lydians, Lycians and Carians, and the syllabaries of Lycia and Caria are closely related to the Cypriote, which preserves for us the sounds of the Hittite language. The following notes I have put down in reading Dr. Isaac Taylor's book. Page 12.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeology and History of Lydia from the Early Lydian Period to Late Antiquity (8Th Century B.C.-6Th Century A.D.)
    Dokuz Eylül University – DEU The Research Center for the Archaeology of Western Anatolia – EKVAM Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea Congressus internationales Smyrnenses IX Archaeology and history of Lydia from the early Lydian period to late antiquity (8th century B.C.-6th century A.D.). An international symposium May 17-18, 2017 / Izmir, Turkey ABSTRACTS Edited by Ergün Laflı Gülseren Kan Şahin Last Update: 21/04/2017. Izmir, May 2017 Websites: https://independent.academia.edu/TheLydiaSymposium https://www.researchgate.net/profile/The_Lydia_Symposium 1 This symposium has been dedicated to Roberto Gusmani (1935-2009) and Peter Herrmann (1927-2002) due to their pioneering works on the archaeology and history of ancient Lydia. Fig. 1: Map of Lydia and neighbouring areas in western Asia Minor (S. Patacı, 2017). 2 Table of contents Ergün Laflı, An introduction to Lydian studies: Editorial remarks to the abstract booklet of the Lydia Symposium....................................................................................................................................................8-9. Nihal Akıllı, Protohistorical excavations at Hastane Höyük in Akhisar………………………………10. Sedat Akkurnaz, New examples of Archaic architectural terracottas from Lydia………………………..11. Gülseren Alkış Yazıcı, Some remarks on the ancient religions of Lydia……………………………….12. Elif Alten, Revolt of Achaeus against Antiochus III the Great and the siege of Sardis, based on classical textual, epigraphic and numismatic evidence………………………………………………………………....13. Gaetano Arena, Heleis: A chief doctor in Roman Lydia…….……………………………………....14. Ilias N. Arnaoutoglou, Κοινὸν, συμβίωσις: Associations in Hellenistic and Roman Lydia……….……..15. Eirini Artemi, The role of Ephesus in the late antiquity from the period of Diocletian to A.D. 449, the “Robber Synod”.……………………………………………………………………….………...16. Natalia S. Astashova, Anatolian pottery from Panticapaeum…………………………………….17-18. Ayşegül Aykurt, Minoan presence in western Anatolia……………………………………………...19.
    [Show full text]
  • April 2018 Encourager.Pub
    April 2018 The Encourager . to grow up into Christ. St. Barnabas Lutheran Church In this issue New Members Classes Birthdays & Anniversaries ……….. p. 4 to be held in April! Message from Pastor Sarah.. .….. p. 2 Sunday, April 8, 15 & 22 Picture Page ……………………...…..... p. 7 9:15am to 10:15am Prayer Requests …………..…........... p. 4 Have you been thinking about joining St. Transition Team Update……... p. 5 Barnabas? Want to learn more about being a VBS Volunteer Meeting ….……….. p. 3 Lutheran and about the church? The 3-part series of new member classes is April 8, 15, and 22 during the Christian education hour 9:15am to 10:15am. We’ll make it official on April 29 at both services. Classes will be lead by Pastor Sarah Celebration Sunday and other ministry leaders of the congregation. We will be announcing the results of Generosity Sunday! SAVERS FUNDRAISER April 8 w/Luncheon at 11:30am The high school youth group is planning a Don’t miss this Spring Cleaning fundraiser with Savers, a exciting news!! resale shop in Crystal Lake. Starting Staff Saturday, April 7 , we will be asking people to bring Pastor Sarah Wilson ...Pastor clothing, furniture, and household items and putting Jeanne Soberg , Parish Administrator Chuck Masny, Music Director them in a trailer we’ll have in the parking lot. We’ll Dennis Mitchell , Custodian haul it all over to Savers on April 14 around noon so Jill Voelz , Nursery Supervisor they can pay us by the pound. You can clean out your Lorena Skelley , Wedding Coordinator house and turn your rummage into a worthy cause: the Youth Gathering! It’s a win-win for all! START GATHERING YOUR ITEMS NOW! For May Encourager April 15 Message from Pastor Sarah Page 2 My dad grew up on a farm, Dear One of the messages I People of heard from Professor Fram- so it made sense that he God at St.
    [Show full text]
  • Lydia's Testimony
    January 2020 Lydia’s Testimony See page 5 Inside this month’s newsletter... Dear Partner in Hope Page 2 Single mothers Page 3 Village Bible Clubs Page 4 From the history of Swindon House - P 4 Lydia’s Testimony Page 5 Foster Parents Page 5 Students Page 6 Love Ukraine Page 7 Prayer Diary Page 8 Help for single mothers. See page 3 “Bringing hope by sharing the love of Jesus” www.hopenow.org.uk Dear Partner in Hope “For I know the plans I have for you”, Ukraine is most praiseworthy, but they know, as we do, that declares the Lord, “Plans to prosper you all praise goes to God, who guides us and leads us as our and not to harm you, plans to give you Heavenly Father. hope and a future.” Jeremiah 29:11. As we now move into a New Year, I am reminded of There has been an uncertain time for Isaiah 40:31 “but those who hope in the Lord will renew Hope Now with many changes during their strength. They will soar on wings like eagles; they 2019, but I am happy to report that we have turned the will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not be corner and there is light at the end of the tunnel. Brenda, faint.” My prayer is that the Lord will renew the strength of Maddie and Claire have been so supportive, giving freely of Hope Now, giving us all we need to complete the task we their time making it possible for us to go into the New Year have, in the knowledge that He calls each one of us to a with a positive mindset and fresh hope.
    [Show full text]