Botanical Survey for Regional Forester Sensitive Species

Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion

SEH No. CSGCO 120845

November 2012

Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion Botanical Survey for Regional Forester Sensitive Species Lake County, Minnesota

SEH No. CSGCO 120845

November 2012

For Review and Analysis in Support of and Inclusion in a Federal Environmental Assessment Prepared by the U.S. Forest Service

U.S. Forest Service Superior National Forest 8901 Grand Avenue Place Duluth, MN 55808

I hereby certify that this report was prepared by me or under my direct supervision.

Prepared by: Natalie White, MS, CWD | Biologist MN Certified Wetland Delineator, No. 1226

Reviewed by: Allyz Kramer, MS, PWS, CWD | Sr. Biologist, Project Manager MN Certified Wetland Delineator, No. 1023 Professional Wetland Scientist, No. 1884 MNDNR Approved Botanical Surveyor

Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. 418 West Superior Street Duluth, MN 55802-1512 218.279.3000

Table of Contents

Letter of Transmittal Certification Page Table of Contents

Page 1.0 Introduction ...... 1 2.0 Site Location ...... 1 3.0 Survey Methodology ...... 1 3.1.1 Background Investigation and Sampling Design ...... 1 3.1.2 Survey Protocol ...... 1 4.0 Results ...... 2 4.1 General Habitat Description ...... 2 4.1.1 Northern Black Spruce Swamp (Basin) (FPn62a) ...... 2 4.1.2 Poor Black Spruce Swamp (APn81a) ...... 2 4.1.3 Graminoid-Sphagnum Rich Fen (OPn92b) ...... 3 4.1.4 Alder Swamp (FPn73a) ...... 3 4.1.5 Willow-Dogwood Shrub Swamp (WMn82a) ...... 3 4.1.6 Jack Pine Woodland (Bedrock) (FDn22a) ...... 3 4.1.7 Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland: Jack Pine-Balsam Fir Subtype (FDn32c1) ...... 4 4.1.8 Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland: Jack Pine-Black Spruce-Aspen Subtype (FDn32c3) ...... 4 4.2 Target Habitats for RFSS ...... 4 5.0 Discussion ...... 6 6.0 References ...... 7

List of Tables Table 1 Native Plant Communities in the Project Area ...... 5

List of Figures Figure 1 Project Location Map Figure 2 Field Survey Route Figure 3 Plant Community Map

SEH is a registered trademark of Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. Botanical Survey for Regional Forester Sensitive Species CSGCO 120845 Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion Page i Table of Contents (Continued)

List of Appendices Appendix A Resumes Appendix B Species Lists by Native Plant Community Appendix C Photographs

Botanical Survey for Regional Forester Sensitive Species CSGCO 120845 Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion Page ii November 2012

Botanical Survey for Regional Forester Sensitive Species

Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion

1.0 Introduction This report describes a botanical survey completed in support of and for inclusion in the Environmental Assessment (EA) for the proposed non-usable rock (grout) pile expansion at Cold Spring Granite Company’s Mesabi Black Quarry. The U.S. Forest Service requested a botanical survey for Regional Forester Sensitive Species (RFSS), particularly targeting a number of species most likely to be found in the project area. This survey was completed August 20-24, 2012 by Ms. Natalie White, SEH Biologist and Ms. Allyz Kramer, SEH Sr. Biologist. 2.0 Site Location The project site is located in Sections 24 and 25 in Township 61 North, Range 11 West in the Superior National Forest, Lake County, Minnesota. The site is approximately 200-acres surrounding the existing Mesabi Black Quarry facility (Figure 1). The site is approximately 3.5 miles north of New Tomahawk Road on Forest Road 427 (FR 427). 3.0 Survey Methodology The floristic survey was conducted August 20-24, 2012. In this timeframe, target species should still be identifiable by leaves and fruits. Field staff conducting the survey are knowledgeable of the field survey protocol and the regional flora. Resumes of field staff are included as Appendix A.

3.1.1 Background Investigation and Sampling Design Regional Forester Sensitive Species (RFSS) targeted as particularly likely to occur in the survey area are: barren strawberry (Waldsteinia fragarioides), Canadian ricegrass (Oryzopsis canadensis), large-leaved sandwort (Moehringia macrophylla), small pyrola (Pyrola minor), cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus), fairy slipper (Calypso bulbosa), and ram’s head lady’s slipper (Cypripedium arietinum). Prior to the field botanical survey, herbarium specimens were reviewed to aid in developing a search image for the target species. Flora and field guides (references below in Section 6.0) for the region were used to identify likely habitats for the target species.

3.1.2 Survey Protocol The botanical survey was conducted using a combination search image approach (Goff et al. 1982) based on review of herbarium specimens and illustrations, along with a timed-meander search pattern (Nelson 1985). The surveyor attempted to cover the appropriate habitat

CSGCO 120845 Page 1

walking a non-linear meander that explored potential micro-habitats thoroughly. A floristic inventory was conducted for each native plant community encountered on-site. 4.0 Results The survey for the seven (7) target species and other RFSS and rare species was completed August 20-24, 2012. Two biologists surveyed for a total of 58 person-hours in the project area, excluding the active mine site and grout pile. Two wetland areas previously permitted for impact were also excluded from the survey. The approximate survey route is shown in Figure 2. No populations of the target species or other RFSS/rare species were identified in the project area. Lists documenting all flora encountered during the August 2012 survey are included as Appendix B.

4.1 General Habitat Description The project area is located in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province of Minnesota (MNDNR 2003). Following the MNDNR Ecological Classification System (2003), the project area lies within the Border Lakes (212La) subsection of the Northern Superior Uplands (212L) ecological section. The subsection is characterized by glacially scoured bedrock terrain with shallow soils made up of coarse glacial till. Pre-settlement vegetation (Marschner 1930) was likely jack pine barrens and openings, along with conifer bogs and swamps in lowland areas. Areas of earlier successional aspen-birch forest were also indicated nearby. Multiple native plant communities are present on-site, and descriptions of each as they were observed during the field survey are provided below. The plant community types and subtypes are summarized in Table 1. Representative photographs of the various native plant communities are included as Appendix C. [Note: the community classification may not be the same as plant community classifications used elsewhere in natural resources studies for the Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion project. For example, the communities identified below as “Northern Black Spruce Swamp (Basin) (FPn62a)” according to the MNDNR Field Guide (2003) classification would be identified as “coniferous bog” by the Eggers and Reed (1997) classification used for wetland regulatory purposes.]

4.1.1 Northern Black Spruce Swamp (Basin) (FPn62a) This plant community is common in the project area, present in multiple small basins north of the active quarry and a few larger basins to the south. FPn62a also occurs as a fringe of forested wetland between wetter, more open wetland communities and the surrounding upland. Canopy cover is 75-100%, and dominated by black spruce (Picea mariana). The shrub layer varies in percent cover, but is nearly always dominated by speckled alder (Alnus incana) and/or Labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum). Sphagnum species are dominant in the ground layer, with bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) also very common. Soils in the FPn62a communities are shallow peat over bedrock. This plant community is potential habitat for the target species small pyrola and cloudberry. A conservative search effort for these target species was undertaken, however, none of these RFSS, nor any other RFSS plants, were observed despite the intensity of the search. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B-1.

4.1.2 Poor Black Spruce Swamp (APn81a) Similar to community type FPn62a above, the poor black spruce swamp areas are wetland communities with black spruce as the dominant tree species. The main distinguishing characteristic between the two community types is that canopy cover is more sparse in APn81a. Pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea) and round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) were encountered more frequently in APn81a as compared to the more shaded

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FPn62a communities. The herbaceous layer is dominated by Sphagnum species and graminoids including three-fruited sedge (Carex trisperma) and Canada bluejoint (Calamagrostis canadensis). This community type is present in fringe areas between more open wetlands and the wetland-upland boundary. Soils in the APn81a communities are peat. This plant community is potential habitat for the target species small pyrola and cloudberry. A conservative search effort for these target species was undertaken, however, none of these RFSS, nor any other RFSS plants, were observed despite the intensity of the search. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B-2.

4.1.3 Graminoid-Sphagnum Rich Fen (OPn92b) The open rich fen wetland community of OPn92b has much lower cover of trees and shrubs as compared to the other wetland plant communities on-site. On the north side of the site, this community is associated with a small unnamed lake and tributary to Harris Lake (located off- site to the north), and is present as a wide fringe between open water and spruce wetlands nearer the wetland-upland boundary. Where this community occurs in the southeast corner of the project area, it appears to be maintained as an open wetland for purposes of a winter snowmobile trail. In this area, the open rich fen would likely undergo natural succession to a community with more shrub and/or tree cover if management ceased. This open wetland community with a dense graminoid herbaceous stratum is not prime habitat for the target RFSS, nor were any RFSS plants observed in the OPn92b plant community. A list of all plant species encountered in the plant community is included as Appendix B-3.

4.1.4 Alder Swamp (FPn73a) Like community APn81a above, the alder swamp community is present as a fringe of habitat between more open wetlands and the wetland-upland boundary. Speckled alder is dominant, with about 75% cover in the shrub layer. A few scattered black spruce and tamarack (Larix laricina) are present in the tree stratum. The herbaceous layer is dominated by Canada bluejoint. Soils in the alder swamp are peat. The alder swamp wetland community with a dense graminoid herbaceous stratum is not prime habitat for the target RFSS, nor were any RFSS plants observed in the FPn73a community. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B-4.

4.1.5 Willow-Dogwood Shrub Swamp (WMn82a) The willow-dogwood shrub swamp community is present in small, somewhat disturbed portions of the project area. The locations of WMn82a are a basin in a relatively recently logged portion of the site, and at the immediate inlet and outlet of a culvert crossing of FR 427. Graminoids are dominant in the herbaceous layer of these communities, and the shrub layer is dominated by willows (Salix sp.) and redosier dogwood (Cornus sericea). This shrub swamp community with a dense graminoid herbaceous stratum is not prime habitat for the target RFSS, nor were any RFSS plants observed in the areas of WMn82a. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B-5.

4.1.6 Jack Pine Woodland (Bedrock) (FDn22a) The jack pine woodland plant community is present on-site on small bedrock outcrops in a matrix of a larger pine-spruce woodland community (FDn32 – described below). In the rock outcrop areas, jack pine (Pinus banksiana) is dominant in the canopy. However, canopy cover is relatively sparse (20-50%). This contrasts with jack pine dominated woodlands that are classified as FDn32 communities, which have closer to 75-100% canopy cover in the

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project area. The shrub layer in the FDn22a communities is sparse, with beaked hazel occasional in the tall shrub layer. Low shrubs are often present, usually sweet fern (Comptonia peregrina) and/or Appalachian dwarf cherry (Prunus susquehanae). Soils in these communities are very shallow loam, sandy loam, or pine duff over rock. The FDn22a plant community is potential habitat for the target species barren strawberry, Canadian ricegrass, and large-leaved sandwort. A conservative search effort for these target species was undertaken, however, none of these RFSS, nor any other RFSS plants, were observed despite the intensity of the search. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B-6.

4.1.7 Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland: Jack Pine-Balsam Fir Subtype (FDn32c1) This upland woodland community is extensive on the north side of the site and near the active quarry, and is mostly present on ridge-tops and other high areas. The jack pine dominated woodland has a more closed canopy compared to the FDn22a communities described above. Paper birch and balsam fir (Abies balsamea) are common in the subcanopy. Some areas have a thick beaked hazel shrub layer, particularly northeast of the active quarry where the canopy appears to have been logged. Presumably, logging took place within the last 10-15 years based on the approximate height (< 20 feet tall) and diameter (1-3 inches dbh) of regenerating trees. In other areas of this plant community, the tall shrub layer is sparser, and a low shrub layer of lowbush honeysuckle (Diervilla lonicera) is present. Soils in these communities are shallow loam, sandy loam, or pine duff over rock. In areas where understory and shrub cover is low, this plant community is potential habitat for the target species barren strawberry, Canadian ricegrass, and large-leaved sandwort. A conservative search effort for these target species was undertaken, however, none of these RFSS, nor any other RFSS plants, were observed despite the intensity of the search. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B-7.

4.1.8 Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland: Jack Pine-Black Spruce-Aspen Subtype (FDn32c3) This plant community is similar to FDn32c1 described above, but has black spruce dominant or co-dominant in the canopy. It is prevalent on the east side of the site and present on upland peninsulas and islands interspersed with wetland communities on the south side of the site. Balsam fir and paper birch are common in the subcanopy of this woodland community. Lowbush honeysuckle and blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium and V. myrtilloides) are common in the low shrub layer. Common herbaceous species include bunchberry, large-leaf aster (Eurybia macrophylla), and Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense). Soils in these communities are shallow loam, sandy loam, or pine duff over rock. In areas where understory and shrub cover is low, this plant community is potential habitat for the target species barren strawberry, Canadian ricegrass, and large-leaved sandwort. A conservative search effort for these target species was undertaken, however, none of these RFSS, nor any other RFSS plants, were observed despite the intensity of the search. All plant species encountered in this community were noted, and the complete list is attached as Appendix B- 8.

4.2 Target Habitats for RFSS Plant communities in the project area were identified as more or less likely to contain the RFSS targeted for this survey. All plant communities were included in the floristic survey; however, areas identified as less likely to provide potential habitat for target species were searched in a more cursory manner as compared to the more intense search effort in communities identified as better potential habitat.

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The open jack pine woodland community of FDn22a is potential habitat for the target species barren strawberry, Canadian ricegrass, and large-leaved sandwort. Potential habitat for these species is also present in areas of FDn32c1 and FDn32c3 where the shrub layer was sparser, providing less shade and allowing greater diversity in the herbaceous stratum. Two other ricegrass (Oryzopsis) species were encountered in these woodland plant communities: O. asperifolia and O. pungens. These were distinguishable from Canadian ricegrass at the time of the survey by their fruits (relatively short awns, compared to the long, twice-twisted awns of Canadian ricegrass). Areas of FDn32 with a thick shrub cover of beaked hazel (Corylus cornuta) and/or balsam fir have a heavily shaded ground layer and are unlikely to provide suitable habitat for the target species. These areas were surveyed in a more cursory fashion, compared to the more intense search effort in areas of FDn32 that contained a more open understory and shrub layer.

The spruce swamps of community types FPn62a and APn81a are likely habitat for the target species cloudberry and small pyrola. No occurrences of either species were documented. Fruits of small pyrola should have been easily identifiable at the time of the field survey. Two Pyrola species were encountered during the floristic survey: P. asarafolia and P. secunda. Fruits were observed, and the presence of long (approximately 5 mm) styles confirms that these plants are not P. minor, which has a style less than 1.5 mm in length.

The remaining target species, Calypso bulbosa and Cyprepedium arietinum, are commonly associated with white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) swamps, a habitat type not encountered within the project area.

Table 1 Native Plant Communities in the Project Area Approximate Community Native Plant Community Native Plant Community Acres within Code1 Class Type /Subtype Project Area Northern Rich Spruce Rich Black Spruce Swamp FPn62a 37 Swamp (Basin) (Basin) Northern Poor Conifer APn81a Poor Black Spruce Swamp 5 Swamp Graminoid-Sphagnum Rich OPn92b Northern Rich Fen (Basin) 12 Fen FPn73a Northern Alder Swamp Alder Swamp 3 Northern Wet Willow-Dogwood Shrub WMn82a 0.5 Meadow/Carr Swamp Northern Dry-Bedrock Pine Jack Pine Woodland FDn22a 23 (Oak) Woodland (Bedrock) Black Spruce-Jack Pine Northern Poor Dry-Mesic FDn32c1 Woodland: Jack Pine- 58 Mixed Woodland Balsam Fir Subtype Black Spruce-Jack Pine Northern Poor Dry-Mesic FDn32c3 Woodland: Jack Pine-Black 36 Mixed Woodland Spruce-Aspen Subtype 1 Classification by MNDNR Field Guide to the Native Plant Communities of Minnesota (2003)

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5.0 Discussion The results of the floristic field survey concluded that no Regional Forester Sensitive Species (RFSS), particularly those target species discussed above (Section 3.1.1), occurred within the study area (Figure 1). The search effort in areas of potential habitat targeted these species conservatively, and it is unlikely given the intensity of the search that occurrences of the species were overlooked. Species present were identifiable by leaves and fruits at the time of the field survey, and the potential for confusion of listed species with species similar in appearance is low.

There were no observances of noxious weed species of concern to the Forest (in particular, leafy spurge, spotted knapweed, purple loosestrife, and garlic mustard). A few individuals of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) were observed in the previously logged upland woodland northeast of the active quarry. As the tree cover regenerates and the area becomes more shaded, Canada thistle will likely decline.

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6.0 References Fassett, N.C. 1951. Grasses of Wisconsin. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison WI.

Gleason, H.A., and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. 2nd ed. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. NY.

Goff, F.G., G.A. Dawson, and J.J. Rochow. 1982. Site Examination for Threatened and Endangered Plant Species. Environmental Management, Vol. 6, No. 4:307-316.

Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist’s Manual: Illustrations of the Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.

Marschner, F.J. 1930. The Original Vegetation of Minnesota.

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 2003. Field Guide to the Native Plant Communities of Minnesota: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. MNDNR St. Paul, MN.

Nelson, J.R. 1985. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques for Impact Assessment. Natural Areas Journal, Vol. 5, No. 3.

Smith, W.R. 1993. Orchids of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.

Smith, W.R. 2008. Trees and Shrubs of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis MN.

Tryon, R.M. 1980. Ferns of Minnesota. 2nd Ed. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis MN.

Voss, E.G. 1972. Michigan Flora. Part I. Cranbrook Institute Science. Bloomfield Hills, MI.

Voss, E.G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II. The Regents of the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI.

Voss, E.G. 1996. Michigan Flora. Part III. The Regents of the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI.

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Figures Figure 1 – Project Location Map Figure 2 – Field Survey Route Figure 3 – Plant Community Map

Study Area (200 acres)

Project Location

!. µ 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 Feet

Project: CSGCO 120845 418 W. SUPERIOR ST., SUITE 200 Print Date: 11/7/2012 DULUTH, MN 55802-1512 Site Location Map PHONE: (218) 279.3000 Map by: bpt Figure FAX: (888) 908.8166 Projection: NAD83 UTM15N Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion TF: (888) 722.0547 Source: MNDNR, SEHINC 1 www.sehinc.com Background: USGS 24k Quad Lake County, Minnesota

This map is neither a legally recorded map nor a survey map and is not intended to be used as one. This map is a compilation of records, information, and data gathered from various sources listed on this map and is to be used for reference purposes only. SEH does not warrant that the Geographic Information System (GIS) Data used to prepare this map are error free, and SEH does not represent that the GIS Data can be used for navigational, tracking, or any other purpose requiring exacting measurement of distance or direction or precision in the depiction of geographic features. The user of this map acknowledges that SEH shall not be liable for any damages which arise out of the user's access or use of data provided.

Study Area Survey Route 8/20/2012 8/21/2012 8/22/2012 8/23/2012 0 250 500 750 1,000 Feet µ 8/24/2012 Project: CSGCO 120845 418 W. SUPERIOR ST., SUITE 200 Print Date: 11/7/2012 DULUTH, MN 55802-1512 T/E Survey Route PHONE: (218) 279.3000 Map by: bpt Figure FAX: (888) 908.8166 Projection: NAD83 UTM15N Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion TF: (888) 722.0547 Source: MNDNR, SEHINC 2 www.sehinc.com Background: 2090 MNDNR Lake County, Minnesota

a FPn62a 62 OPn92b n FPn62a P a F 1 n8 P A FPn62a WMn82a

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F D a n 2 3 2 6 c n APn81a 3 P 1 F c 2 a 3 a 2 Pn81 6 b n A 2 WMn82a WMn82a n OPn9 D P F F WMn82a a 62 3 62a n c

Pn FP 2 F 3 3 n c D 2 F c3 3 2 FDn32c1 n3 n FD D n62 F FDn32c3 FP a

Native Plant Communities APn81a FPn73a FDn32c1 OPn92b FDn32c3 WMn82a FPn62a Non-Vegetated Native Plant Community type FDn22a present throughout 0 250 500 750 1,000 the site on small bedrock outcrops within a matrix of the Feet ³ FDn32c1 and FDn32c3 plant communities. Project: CSGCO 120845 418 W. SUPERIOR ST., SUITE 200 Print Date: 11/8/2012 DULUTH, MN 55802-1512 MnDNR Native Plant Communities PHONE: (218) 279.3000 Map by: bpt Figure FAX: (888) 908.8166 Projection: NAD83 UTM15N Mesabi Black Quarry Grout Pile Expansion TF: (888) 722.0547 Source: MNDNR, SEHINC 3 www.sehinc.com Background: 2010 FSA Lake County, Minnesota

Appendix A Resumes

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist

General Background Education Master of Science Ms. Kramer is a Professional Wetland Scientist and Minnesota Certified Soil Science Wetland Delineator experienced in: wetland delineation, permitting, and University of Minnesota (2009) mitigation design; restoration ecology; plant community inventories and rare Bachelor of Science plant surveys; natural resources management and planning; surface and Biology; Chemistry Minor University of Minnesota Duluth subsurface water quality monitoring; and natural resources inventories in (1996) Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Colorado, Utah, Arkansas and Alaska. General project types include environmental reporting (EIS, EA, EAW and Continuing Education/ EIW), urban and rural natural resources surveys, and contaminated site Training investigations. Her additional experience includes environmental sampling, Wetland Training Institute: data and sample management, and Phase I environmental site assessments. Wetland Planting, Planning and Practice Allyz recently completed a MS in Soil Science focusing research on hydric U.S. Army Corps of Engineers soil pedology in artificially drained peatlands and native seed bank viability Wetland Delineation and in reestablishing native plants during wetland restoration. Management Training Introduction to ArcView Allyz has numerous rare plant surveys and habitat assessments throughout 40-Hour OSHA HAZWOPER the upper Midwest, as well as the front range of the Rocky Mountains. Training Through this work, she has also coordinated her survey results with state and 8-Hour HAZWOPER Refresher Training federal agencies to complete impact assessments, permitting, and mitigation 8-Hour HAZWOPER Site for legally-approved species takings. Representative projects highlighting Supervisor Training her rare species survey, permitting, and agency coordination experiences are Union Pacific Railroad Safety provided. Training North Slope (Alaska) Training Representative Plant Survey Experience Cooperative Unescorted Safety Training Itasca County Regional Rail Authority Rail Corridor (ICRRA), Itasca County, Minnesota. Lead Project Botanist surveying for state-listed Professional Associations protected or otherwise rare Botrychium pallidum, Botrychium oneidense, and Professional Wetland Scientist, Botrychium rugulosum within 5.5 miles of a proposed 8-mile rail corridor to Society of Wetland Scientists serve the infrastructure needs of the Minnesota Steel Industries development (2008) project. Survey included the western-most portion of mainline tracks and Minnesota Native Plant Society (2000) spur lines not previously surveyed that would connect to regional rail Minnesota Wetland infrastructure. Results of the survey included identification of two Professionals Association, previously undiscovered and unrecorded populations of Botrychium Board Member, Vice President, President (2000) pallidum. Submitted collected voucher species of Botrychium pallidum for inclusion into the University of Minnesota herbarium permanent collection.

Professional Prepared summary technical report of the findings and submitted for Certifications Minnesota DNR review and approval. On behalf of ICRRA, facilitated Professional Wetland Scientist permitting and negotiated mitigation of impacts to populations of (2008) Botrychium pallidum through direct coordination with Minnesota DNR Minnesota Certified Wetland officials managing and regulating state-listed protected species. (2008) Delineator (2005) Clough Island Rare Plant Surveys – Superior, Wisconsin. Lead Project Scientist for rare plant species surveys on 315-acre island in St. Louis Bay near Superior, Wisconsin. Project tasks included coordination with state agencies for implementation of survey for 25 plant species listed as protected in the state of Wisconsin. Survey results include discovery of several previously undocumented populations of state-listed Ribes

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 1 oxyacanthoides, Ranunculus gmelinii, and Botrychium pallidum. The discovery of Botrychium pallidum had not been previously recorded in the state of Wisconsin. Other duties included coordination of field personnel, completing surveys, herbaria research, and reporting of results.

Anoka County - Blaine Airport Environmental Assessment, Minnesota – Metropolitan Airports Commission. Lead project botanist for developing survey protocol to identify the locations and populations of several endangered, threatened, or special concern plant species as listed by the MNDNR for to complete an Environmental Assessment at the Airport. The study included focused search surveys for seven state-listed plant species, and vegetation community analysis including cover typing and identification of all plant species within each community. Focused search surveys resulted in discovery of several undocumented populations of state-listed tubercled rein-orchid (Platanthera flava var. herbiola), lance-leaved violet (Viola lanceolata), and marginated rush (Juncus marginatus). Coordinated reporting of survey results to MNDNR and prepared technical study report of findings, and assisted in developing mitigation plan for impacts as per agency requirements. Anoka County - Blaine Airport Land Release Parcels, Minnesota – Metropolitan Airport Commission. Lead project botanist for developing survey protocol to identify the locations and populations of potential state-listed endangered, threatened, or special concern plant species as listed by the MNDNR within seven individual land parcels owned by Commission for potential sale to other private owners. The study included focused search surveys for seven state-listed plant species, floristic inventory, and documenting vegetation cover types in each parcel. Focused search surveys resulted in discovery of several undocumented populations of state-listed tubercled rein-orchid (Platanthera flava var. herbiola). Coordinated reporting of survey results to MNDNR and prepared technical study report of findings, and prepared recommendations for avoidance of populations and surrounding habitat if parcels were ever developed in the future.

Coal-Gasification Plant Siting – Confidential Client – Northeast Minnesota. Lead project botanist for habitat assessment of 1,260-acre site for future coal-gasification plant on Minnesota’s Iron Range. Project tasks included habitat and vegetation cover type assessments of wetland and terrestrial plant communities, review of land uses and past activities within the site, and determining locations for future survey of protected plant species that could be located within the project area. Particular attention was paid to habitats that can support Botrychium spp., which have been found to colonize previously disturbed mine sites. Other tasks included delineation and mapping of over 100 wetlands within the project area, and report preparation of results.

East Side Corridor EA – Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Completed floristic inventory and survey for federally-listed western-prairie fringed- orchid (Platanthera praeclara) and several flora species tracked by the South Dakota Natural Heritage Program in remnant tall grass prairie within Cactus Hills area of Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The project was a federal Environmental Assessment for a proposed transportation

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 2 corridor. Survey included site reconnaissance for calcareous fen habitat and associated species (i.e., calciphiles) due to onsite groundwater seepage wetlands, inventory of all onsite species, coordination with South Dakota Game, Fish, & Parks for natural heritage data and survey permits, and onsite field reconnaissance with agency staff. Prepared supplemental study report of the findings accompanying the Final EA. Medicine Bow - Rock River & Medicine Bow East Section Rare Plant Surveys – Wyoming Department of Transportation. Lead project botanist for focused search survey for federally-listed threatened Ute ladies'-tresses orchid (Spiranthes diluvialis). The project area consisted of approximately 11 miles of the Highway 30 road corridor between Medicine Bow and Rock River, Wyoming. The roadway is adjacent to Como Bluffs and Fossil Ridge and crosses several small dry drainage systems and the Medicine Bow River, all of which could provide habitats for the rare orchid. The survey included researching the specific habitat requirements of this rare species and making positive identification between it and other species of Spiranthes that could occur in the project area. Completed agency coordination with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Wyoming Department of Transportation for approval of survey methods and results, and submittal of final report.

La Farge Utility Upgrade – La Farge, Wisconsin. Completed habitat assessment and field survey for several state-listed threatened species within two-mile corridor for proposed high voltage power utility. Project tasks included a plant community inventory within the corridor, determination of potential impacts to protected species within area, agency coordination, and report preparation of findings. The survey included discovery of a state-listed threatened plant species, sweet-scented Indian plantain (Cacalia sauveolens), within the project area. Made recommendations for avoidance and minimization to the population and facilitated agency coordination with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for implementing best management practices during construction to protect the species.

Minnesota Soybean Processors Facility Rare Plant Survey – Jackson and Nobles County, Minnesota. Completed a survey for a state-listed threatened species, Sullivant’s milkweed (Asclepias sullivantii), within native tall-grass prairie habitat along 12-mile corridor for a proposed water distribution line designed to serve a new soybean processing facility. Survey included an alternative corridor analysis, facilitation of agency and client coordination for permitting and environmental review. Prepared a summary report and recommendations resulting in realignment of the water distribution line that avoided species impacts and further environmental review.

County Trunk Highway S Rare Plant Surveys – Polk County, Wisconsin. Lead project scientist for survey of three state-listed plant species within proposed roadway reconstruction area. Tasks included aerial photo interpretation of potential habitat, field surveys for species using timed-meander search methods, documentation of plant species composition within each targeted field search unit, mapping populations of state-listed species (Talinum rugospermum, Opuntia fragilis, and Bessya bullii), and

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 3 providing recommendations for avoidance and minimization of impacts for those populations within proposed project corridor.

Other Related Plant Community Evaluations and Habitat Protection Plans Anoka County – Blaine Airport Protected Species Permit, Mitigation, and Long-term Management Plan – Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minnesota. Lead project botanist for preparing takings permit for impacts to state protected plant species in conjunction with the Anoka County-Blaine Airport federal EA and state EIS. Developed mitigation and long-term management plan for habitat containing protected plant species (Platanthera flava var. herbiola, Viola lanceolata, Juncus marginatus, and Fimbristylis autumnalis) within property owned by the Metropolitan Airports Commission. The mitigation site contains oak savanna, oak woodland, wet meadow, rich fen, shrub swamp, and emergent marsh. Vegetation management within the site included prescribed burns, removal of invasive plants (common and glossy buckthorn, reed canary grass, and quaking aspen), girdling aspen clones, and reseeding native wet meadow vegetation. Facilitated client and agency negotiation of species impacts, appropriate mitigation, and conservation easement for habitat containing known occurrences of protected plant species. Participated in long-term monitoring and maintenance activities within mitigation site.

Winona County Zoning Ordinance Update – Winona County, Minn. Lead Natural Resources Scientist evaluating significant natural resources in the county and developing ordinance language for their protection. Winona County is rich in both rare and unique biological and geological natural features, such spring-fed creeks and streams, rare plant and animal assemblages, exposed bedrock communities and bluffs, steep slopes, and karst features. Ms. Kramer worked closely with the County’s Planning and Environmental Department to understand issues with past impacts to these areas and how future impacts should be avoided. Ms. Kramer provided the biological and ecological context for understanding the significance of these resources and what protection measures could be considered for their long- term integrity. She participated in internal planning commission meetings and public forums to discuss the proposed protection ordinances she helped in developing.

St. Croix State Park Unit Management Plan – Department of Natural Resources, Hinckley, Minnesota. Lead Project Biologist in preparing the first-ever Unit Management Plan for Minnesota's largest state park, St. Croix State Park. Ms. Kramer worked directly with DNR staff in compiling data resources from the park including historical significance, preservation districts, plant community covertypes, animal assemblages, soils and geology, water resources, rare natural features, and existing infrastructure. She worked closely with staff across DNR Divisions to prepare a 10-year management plan and 50-year strategic vision for one of Minnesota's "crown jewels" in the state park system. (2006-2008)

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 4

MnDOT I-494 Wetland Delineation and Functions and Values Assessments – Plymouth to Maple Grove, Minn. Project scientist assisting in delineation and functions and values analysis of over 60 wetlands within and adjacent to Mn/DOT right-of-way. Project included reporting of results for future development projects within the corridor.

Mn/DOT I-694 Wetland Delineation – Arden Hills to Vadnais Heights, Minnesota. Lead project scientist for completing wetland delineation of over 30 wetlands within and adjacent to Mn/DOT right-of-way. Project included reporting of results for future development projects within the corridor.

Elko – New Market Interceptor Natural Areas Inventory – Bonestroo Rosene Anderlik & Associates for Metropolitan Council Environmental Services (MCES). Assisted lead consultant (Bonestroo) in completion of natural areas inventory of New Market Township, Minnesota for future interceptor installation project. Inventory included aerial and color infrared photograph interpretation for natural areas and applying the MNDNR’s Minnesota Land Cover Classification System (MLCCS) to all land cover features in the township. The inventory included further field reconnaissance of natural areas to identify plant community composition and overall quality using the MNDNR’s Element Occurrence Ranking Guidelines.

Golden Valley Natural Resources Inventory – Golden Valley, Minn.. Project Scientist contributing to natural resources inventory for the entire City of Golden Valley using the MNDNR’s Minnesota Land Cover Classification System (MLCCS). Inventory included aerial photograph interpretation of all land cover features in the city and further field reconnaissance of natural areas to identify plant community composition and overall quality. The resulting Natural Resources Management Plan addresses issues of conservation, preservation, and control of invasive and/or noxious species in the natural and parkland communities within Golden Valley.

Natural Area Inventory and Planning Framework – St. Cloud, Minn. Project scientist completing comprehensive field survey of wetland and terrestrial resources in the St. Cloud Regional Planning Area. Recommended non-regulatory and regulatory conservation and protection tools to all sites based on priority. Data collected included general biological descriptions, element occurrence ranking, wildlife habitat evaluation, wetland functions and values, conservation needs, management issues, and disturbance and landscape feature forms. Updated existing database for quick reference to community inventory information for future planning.

Viking Voyageur Pipeline Project, Minnesota and Wisconsin – ENSR. Project Scientist for proposed pipeline permitting project in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Responsibilities included aerial photo interpretation of wetland and natural communities within project corridor, wetland delineation, threatened and endangered plant species surveys, and comprehensive habitat surveys for element occurrence ranking following MNDNR’s Element Occurrence Ranking Guidelines. Created project-specific field guide for rare

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 5 plants of Minnesota and Wisconsin through coordination with Universities of Minnesota and Wisconsin Herbariums.

Other Related Environmental Review and Planning Documents Scientific and Natural Area Long-term Management Plans – Minnesota Department of Natural Resources – Northern and Western Minn. Project Manager for completion of two long-term management plans for St. Wendel Tamarack Bog SNA in Stearns County and Lester Lake SNA in Cass County. Allyz was responsible for coordinating SEH's Natural Resources specialists and DNR officials in completing site evaluations and data collection to support development of the plans. Allyz provided the senior technical review and financial management for completion of both plans.

Bayfield County Comprehensive Plan – Bayfield County, Wis. Lead Natural Resources Scientist for evaluating natural and agricultural resources in the county and developing ordinance language for their preservation, protection, and management. Bayfield County is rich in both rare and unique biological, coastal, and geological natural resources such as vast tracts of boreal and hardwood forest, pine barrens, exposed bedrock and clay bluffs associated with Lake Superior, and myriad wetland and aquatic habitats. Bayfield County also has a rich history of forestry practices and agriculture contributing the economic quality of life in the region. Ms. Kramer worked with the project team in understanding preservation and protection priorities and values relative to past, present, and future economic priorities in the county. She participated in internal planning and public forums to gather information from local stakeholders to recommend ordinance language for protection of natural and agricultural resources.

State of Minnesota Environmental Review Focus Group – Minnesota Environmental Quality Board – State of Minnesota. Allyz was selected to serve and participated in an environmental review focus group as an Expert Practitioner to provide guidance, commentary, and recommended improvements for the state’s environmental review program under the Minnesota Environmental Policy Act (MEPA). By Executive Order 11-32, Directing the Work of the Environmental Quality Board, Governor Mark Dayton mandated the EQB to engage stakeholders with the experience and expertise to provide focused input on the benefits and problems of the existing MEPA program in Minnesota.

EAW for Mine Extension – Confidential Client – Northeast Minnesota. Project Manager for preparation of state Environmental Assessment Worksheet (EAW) for proposed taconite mine extension. Allyz is currently responsible for coordination of financial management and the team/sub- consultant to complete impact assessment for 480-acre extension of active mine.

Duluth Sky Harbor Airport Federal Environmental Assessment/State Environmental Assessment Worksheet – Duluth, Minn. Lead Natural Resources Scientist for completion of tree growth model and fate analysis

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 6 for evaluating effects to old growth pine forest proximal to airport. Evaluated all aspects of natural resources, socioeconomic, and other environmental effects due to the Proposed Action, which includes runway realignment to alleviate tree penetrations to the aircraft approach surface. Contributed to development of federal EA and state EAW under the National and Minnesota Environmental Policy Acts (NEPA/MEPA) and FAA guidance. Facilitated early coordination with local, state, and federal officials for development of growth model study, project alternatives, and potential project effects related to old growth pines, state protected property in adjacent Scientific and Natural Area, and unique natural features on Minnesota Point.

Wetland Permitting and Third-Party EA for Mine Progression – Confidential Client – Northeast Minnesota. Project Manager for preparation of wetland permit application and third-party Environmental Assessment to meeting requirements of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers NEPA compliance for ongoing, progressive mining operation at an existing Minnesota taconite mine. Coordination of team for impact assessment of 486-acre progression of active mine pit.

Cook Municipal Airport Federal Environmental Assessment – Cook, Minn. Project Manager and Lead Natural Resources Scientist for preparation of federal Environmental Assessment under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and FAA guidance. Evaluated all aspects of natural resources, socioeconomic, and other environmental effects due to the Proposed Action, which included extension of the existing runway and construction of a parallel taxiway.

Walker Municipal Airport Federal Environmental Assessment – Walker, Minn. Lead Natural Resources Scientist for preparation of federal Environmental Assessment under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and FAA guidance. Facilitated early coordination with local, state, and federal officials for presentation of alternatives in relation to environmental effects, in particular to wetland and aquatic resources. Evaluated all aspects of natural resources, socioeconomic, and other environmental effects due to the Proposed Action, which construction of a parallel taxiway.

East Side Corridor EA – Sioux Falls, S.D. Completed floristic inventory and survey for federally-listed western-prairie fringed-orchid (Platanthera praeclara) in remnant tall grass prairie within Cactus Hills area of Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The project was a federal Environmental Assessment for a proposed transportation corridor. Survey included site reconnaissance for calcareous fen habitat and associated species (i.e., calciphiles) due to onsite groundwater seepage wetlands, inventory of all onsite species, coordination with South Dakota Game, Fish, & Parks for natural heritage data and survey permits, and onsite field reconnaissance with agency staff. Prepared supplemental study report of the findings accompanying the Final EA.

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 7

Andover Station North Environmental Assessment Worksheet – Andover, Minn.. Project scientist assisting in preparation of EAW for 100- acre development, including redevelopment of a former auto salvage site, in Andover, Minnesota. Prepared environmental documentation for wetland impacts and compensatory mitigation, rare species habitat, biotic communities, wildlife, soils, surface water management, and any potential impacts to these resources.

Towering Bluffs Housing Development Environmental Assessment Worksheet – Greg J. Homes, Inc. Project scientist responsible for preparation of entire EAW for 125-acre residential housing development on newly annexed land within the City of Cannon Falls, Minnesota. Project tasks included coordinating engineering, environmental, and planning staff for development of environmental documentation for this multi-phased project; agency coordination for preliminary resources review; and, completion of site visit for review of quality habitat and overall plant community composition. Project involved further coordination of review process with Responsible Government Unit and preparing of formal response to comments received on the EAW.

Environmental Assessment Worksheet for Wine Lake Road Redevelopment – Detroit Lakes Township, Minn. Project scientist assisting in preparation of EAW for redevelopment and extension of Wine Lake Road in Detroit Lakes Township, Minnesota. Completed wetland delineation and prepared documentation for wetland impacts and compensatory mitigation; prepared assessment of rare species habitat, wetlands, biotic communities, wildlife, soils, and surface water in the project area and any potential impacts to these resources.

Environmental Assessment Worksheet for Municipal Golf Course – Hibbing, Minn. Project scientist assisting in preparation of EAW and formal response to comments for proposed development of municipal recreational area in the City of Hibbing. Completed assessment of wetlands, rare species habitat, biotic communities, wildlife, surface and subsurface water, soils, geologic features, and hazardous sites in the project area and any potential impacts to these resources or site conditions.

Wetland Regulatory Planning Experience Wetland Regulatory Planning and Agency Coordination – Confidential Client – Northeast Minnesota. Project Manager coordinating field personnel responsible for delineating wetlands at an active taconite mine operation, and facilitating site reviews and discussions with state and federal regulatory specialists. Allyz was instrumental in reviewing the project conditions, determining the course of action, and developing a plan for working within the regulatory framework to avoid a lengthy permitting process.

Comprehensive Wetland Delineation in Forested Wetlands Applying Wetland/Non-Wetland Mosaic Methodology – Cloquet, Minn. Lead Project Scientist and Project Manager for completing comprehensive delineation of forested wetlands in accordance with the 1987 U.S. Army

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 8

Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual and the Draft Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: North Central and Northeast Region. The evaluation was needed to understand potential development opportunities within the site. Project tasks included coordination with the City of Cloquet and agency representatives from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Minnesota Board of Water & Soil Resources, and Carlton County Soil & Water Conservation District before starting field work to establish survey protocol for the site. Comprehensive delineation was necessary because of the complexity and interspersion of wetland/non-wetland mosaics onsite. These mosaic habitats are considered difficult areas to delineate in this region because the wetland and non- wetland components are too closely associated, creating complex microtopography over short distances. The project site included approximately 139 acres of land owned by public and private entities containing large wetland complexes, extensive areas of organic soils, and transitional areas between wetland and upland with shallow surface soils over extensive areas of Graywacke rock and cobble. Upon completion of the delineation using both routine and point-intercept sampling methods, approximately 113 acres of wetland were mapped within the 139-acre site. The results of the delineation achieved unanimous approval from local, state, and federal regulatory agencies.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Technical Peer Review for Draft Interim Regional Wetlands Delineation Manual – Northeast and North-Central U.S. Ms. Kramer served as a technical reviewer for the Northeast and North-Central United States Draft Interim Regional Supplement to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1987 Wetlands Delineation Manual. Ms. Kramer was one of seven wetland professionals selected nationally to provide technical review and application of the proposed wetland delineation methodology for the Northeast and North-Central U.S., which includes most of northern Minnesota and continues eastward to Maine. Her professional experience in delineating wetlands throughout the upper Midwest, mid- South, and western states coupled with advanced education specific to wetland ecology, botany, and soil science were instrumental for her selection on this national peer-review committee.

Larsmont Cottages on Lake Superior – Odyssey Development – Knife River, Minn. Lead project scientist responsible for field delineation of wetlands, permit application preparation, and mitigation site design. The project included redevelopment of a former campground for fractional-use housing and lodge facility. Due to sensitive water and wetland resources on the site and adjacency to Lake Superior, project design required detailed hydrologic analysis, storm water management, and maintaining as much wetland and terrestrial habitat as possible. Unavoidable wetland impacts were mitigated primarily onsite through creation of emergent marsh and scrub-shrub habitat.

Viking Voyageur Pipeline Project – ENSR – Minnesota and Wisconsin. Project Scientist for proposed pipeline permitting project in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Responsibilities included aerial photo interpretation of wetland and natural communities within project corridor, wetland delineation,

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 9 threatened and endangered plant species surveys, and comprehensive habitat surveys for element occurrence ranking following MNDNR’s Element Occurrence Ranking Guidelines. Created project-specific field guide for rare plants of Minnesota and Wisconsin through coordination with Universities of Minnesota and Wisconsin Herbariums.

Permits – Federal Section 404; Minnesota Wetland Conservation Act; MNDNR Protected Waters/Wetlands; and Wisconsin Chapter 30 Wetlands/Waters – Multiple Locations. Project scientist responsible for preparation of a variety of wetland permit applications for utility crossings in streams and wetlands, transportation and municipal improvement projects, and utility rehabilitation projects. Developed wetland replacement and vegetation management plans for mitigation efforts in compliance with federal, state, and local requirements.

Wetland Delineation Services – Upper Midwest. Project Scientist having completed hundreds of wetland delineations in the upper Midwest. Many of these delineations were completed in areas north of the vegetation tension zone, including Superior, WI; the Minnesota communities of Grand Rapids, International Falls, Hoyt Lakes, Eveleth, Hibbing, and Brainerd lakes area; and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Delineation services have also been completed throughout the remainder of Minnesota, central and southern Wisconsin, Colorado, Utah, and Arkansas.

Wetland Mitigation Site Design on Inactive Tailings Basin for Wetland Replacement Plan – Confidential Client – Northeast Minnesota. Project Manager for preparation of comprehensive wetland replacement plan for over 600 acres of inactive tails basin at taconite mine operation in Minnesota. Project included long-term implementation, maintenance, and monitoring plan to ecological integrity of restored wetlands in compliance with regulatory guidelines and financial assurances. Project included preparation of a final wetland replacement plan including assessment of vegetation, implementation of long-term maintenance to restore native vegetation, and detailed investigation of surface and subsurface hydrological conditions to insure long-term hydrology would persist in perpetuity after closure of adjacent active tailings basin.

TH 53 Reconstruction Wetland Delineation and Permitting Services – MnDOT, District 1 – St. Louis County, Minn. Project Manager for preparation of comprehensive wetland delineation report, permit application, and wetland replacement plan for 9.3-mile section of Trunk Highway 53 in St. Louis County, Northeastern Minnesota. This is phase two of a multi- phased long-term transportation improvement project to improve transportation efficiency and safety for a major international trade route between the Upper Midwest, USA and Ontario, Canada. The project included. Facilitated field reviews and negotiated mitigation requirements for wetland impacts.

TH 1 Wetland Delineation and Permitting Services – MnDOT, District 1 – Lake County, Minn. Project Manager for preparation of comprehensive wetland delineation report, permit application, and wetland

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 10 replacement plan for five-mile section of Trunk Highway 1 in Lake County, Northeastern Minnesota. This is phase four of a multi-phased long-term transportation improvement project to minimize roadway hazards on a scenic, wilderness highway. The project included identifying areas of roadway that could be removed, restoring wetlands where possible, yet maintaining the wilderness quality of this remote, yet primary transportation corridor. Facilitated field reviews and negotiated mitigation requirements for wetland impacts.

Allyz Kramer, PWS, CWD | Senior Biologist | Professional Wetland Scientist | page 11

Natalie White, CWD Biologist

Education Ms. White is a Minnesota Certified Wetland Delineator with experience in: Master of Science wetland plant ecology, wetland delineation and delineation review, rare plant Biology; minor in Applied Mathematics surveys, monitoring and maintenance of vegetation in wetland restoration University of Minnesota Duluth and mitigation projects, and the development of conservation management (2009) plans. She also has experience preparing site location maps using GIS, water quality sampling, and in compliance inspection for construction stormwater. Bachelor of Science Natalie has completed masters thesis research on the reproductive ecology of Biology Iowa State University (2002) the invasive wetland plant, giant reed (Phragmites australis).

Continuing Education Representative Plant Survey Experience Wisconsin Advanced Wetland Threatened and Endangered Species Survey, Wetland Delineation, and Delineation Training Wetland Functional Assessment (Enbridge Energy, Limited Partnership & Introduction to ArcView Enbridge Pipelines (Southern Lights) LLC) – Superior, Wis. Biologist on BWSR Academy (administration the wetland evaluation of Enbridge’s Superior Terminal including rare of conservation and water resource management species survey, delineation of wetlands, and wetland functional assessments. programs) Surveyed for listed species including Juncus vaseyi, Carex nigra, Eleocharis nitida, and Petasites sagittatus. Natalie was responsible for implementing Professional the threatened and endangered species survey in multiple wooded and Certifications wetland habitat types over a 110-acre site. Minnesota Certified Wetland Delineator In Training (2008) Threatened and Endangered Species Survey (Enbridge Energy, Limited Minnesota Certified Wetland Partnership & Enbridge Pipelines (Southern Lights) LLC) – Superior, Wis. Delineator (2011) Biologist on the survey of additional area at Enbridge’s Superior Terminal MSHA New Miner Training (2011) for listed species. Natalie was responsible for implementing the survey in multiple wooded and wetland habitat types over a 50-acre site. Professional Associations Other Related Plant Community Evaluations and Habitat Minnesota Native Plant Society (2009) Protection Plans Wisconsin Wetlands Lester Lake Scientific and Natural Area Adaptive Management Plan Association (2009) (MNDNR) – Hubbard County, Minn. Biologist on a project to develop Wetland Professionals adaptive management plans for Minnesota Scientific and Natural Areas Association (2010) (SNAs) to improve management and sustainability in native plant communities and rare natural features. Natalie was responsible for field assessment of natural features in the Lester Lake Scientific and Natural Area, development of management recommendations, and coordinating/collaborating with MNDNR staff to ensure that recommendations met their needs and expectations.

Nemadji River Compensatory Wetland Mitigation Site (Enbridge Energy) – Town of Superior, Wis. As a biologist on this project, which restored and preserved 113-acres of wetland for compensatory mitigation credit, Natalie was responsible for evaluating the condition of restored wetland plant communities. Project tasks also included oversight of installation, monitoring and maintenance of restored vegetation including willow and dogwood live-staking, tree planting, and control of invasive plant species. Natalie’s responsibilities also extended to planning and preparation of annual monitoring reports submitted to regulatory agencies.

Natalie White, CWD | Biologist | page 1

Wetland Mitigation Monitoring – Confidential Client – Northeastern Minnesota. Biologist for on-going, five-year wetland mitigation monitoring projects within an inactive tailings basin and along the floodplain of the St. Louis River at an active taconite mining facility in Minnesota. Natalie is currently responsible for collecting monitoring data including vegetation sampling, shallow groundwater monitoring, and preparation of monitoring reports.

Wetland Delineation Experience Rice Lake Road Wetland Delineation (St. Louis County Highway Department) – St. Louis County, Minn. Wetland delineator for 2.5 linear miles of project area along Rice Lake Road (CSAH 4) in Duluth, Minnesota. Natalie was responsible for field location of wetland boundaries, GPS locating of boundaries, and preparation of the wetland delineation report.

TH 53 Wetland Delineation (MnDOT) –St. Louis County, Minn. Wetland delineator for ten linear miles of project area in preparation for an upgrade of Trunk Highway 53 between Virginia and Cook, Minnesota. Natalie was responsible for field location of wetland boundaries, GPS locating of boundaries, and preparation of wetland maps using ArcGIS, and conducting field review with agency representatives for boundary concurrence.

Wetland Delineation (Confidential Client) – Western Wisconsin. Wetland Delineator over an approximately 190-acre project site in Western Wisconsin. Natalie was responsible for field location of wetland boundaries, historical slide review of farmed wetlands, GPS locating of boundaries, and preparation of wetland maps using ArcGIS. Wetland Delineation (AMSOIL Distribution Center) – Superior, Wis. Wetland delineator on an approximately 60-acre site in the City of Superior. Natalie was responsible for field location of wetland boundaries, GPS locating of boundaries, and preparation of wetland maps using ArcGIS.

TH 1 Wetland Delineation (MnDOT) –Lake County, Minn. Wetland delineator for five linear miles of project area in preparation for an upgrade of Trunk Highway 1. Natalie was responsible for field location of wetland boundaries, GPS locating of boundaries, and preparation of wetland maps using ArcGIS, and conducting field review with agency representatives for boundary concurrence.

Tettegouche State Park Trail Center Wetland Delineation (MNDNR) – Tettegouche State Park, Minn. Wetland Delineator for the Tettegouche State Park Trail Center Project. Natalie provided services including field location of wetland boundaries within the project site, GPS locating of delineated boundaries, and report preparation.

Experience prior to joining SEH Natural Resource Inventories (Minnehaha Creek Watershed District) – Twin Cities Metro Area, Minn. Technician in charge of natural resource inventories. Natalie performed multiple natural resource inventories on potential land conservation sites. Properties were evaluated for presence of

Natalie White, CWD | Biologist | page 2 native plant communities, invasive species infestations, and restoration potential. Plant communities assessed included upland and wetland forests, marshes, wet meadows, and upland prairie.

Hardwood Forest Restoration/Enhancement (Minnehaha Creek Watershed District) – Minnetrista, Minn. Technician in charge of restoration of a partially cleared hardwood forest. Natalie selected native tree and shrub species for planting in a disturbed maple-basswood forest. The project also included performing oversight of installation and maintenance of plant materials.

Preparation of Conservation Management Plan, Watershed District Sites (Minnehaha Creek Watershed District) – Minnetrista, Minn. Wrote a Conservation Management Plan outlining recommended restoration, maintenance, and monitoring activitie4s for parcels adjoining Painter Creek, including wet prairie, sedge meadow, shrub swamp, and maple-basswood forest.

Development of Monitoring Plan, Dutch Lake Wetland (Minnehaha Creek Watershed District) – Minnetrista, Minn. Coordinated development of a long-term monitoring plan for a wetland complex including sedge meadow, tamarack bog, and cattail marsh. The objective was to evaluate the effects of surrounding land uses and planned district projects on the extent of various plant communities in the complex and species composition and diversity within plant communications.

Conservation Management Plan, Addition to Wolsfeld Woods SNA (Minnehaha Creek Watershed District) – Minnetrista, Minn. Provided technical review and comments on a Conservation Management Plan for forested wetland adjacent to the Wolsfeld Woods SNA. The plan included recommended management activities for the natural area and suggested activities for neighbors in surrounding parcels, including plant lists for compatible landscaping and stormwater management practices.

Big Island Management Plan, Natural Resources Management Chapter (Minnehaha Creek Watershed District) – Lake Minnetonka, Minn. Developed a natural resources management plan compatible with public uses of Big Island in Lake Minnetonka. In accordance with invasive species management plans, arranged the release of flea beetles for biological control of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) in grasslands on the island.

Natalie White, CWD | Biologist | page 3

Appendix B Species Lists by Native Plant Community B-1 – Northern Rich Spruce Swamp (Basin) FPn62a B-2 – Poor Black Spruce Swamp APn81a B-3 – Graminoid-Sphagnum Rich Fen (Basin) OPn92b B-4 – Alder Swamp FPn73a B-5 – Willow-Dogwood Shrub Swamp WMn82a B-6 – Jack Pine Woodland (Bedrock) FDn22a B-7 – Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland, Jack Pine-Balsam Fir Subtype FDn32c1 B-8 – Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland, Jack Pine-Black Spruce-Aspen Subtype FDn32c3

B‐1 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List FPn62a ‐ Northern Rich Spruce Swamp (Basin) Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Vaccinium vitis‐idaea Lingonberry Acer rubrum Red Maple Viola macloskeyi Smooth White Violet Alnus incana Speckled Alder Andromeda polifolia Bog Rosemary Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi Bearberry Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Betula pumila Bog Birch Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Carex intumescens Bladder Sedge Carex lasiocarpa Woolly‐Fruit Sedge Carex pellita Woolly Sedge Carex trisperma Three‐Fruited Sedge Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Chelone glabra Turtlehead Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily Coptis trifolia Goldthread Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood Cyprepedium acaule Stemless Lady's Slipper Doellingeria umbellata Flat‐Topped Aster Drosera rotundifolia Roundleaf Sundew Dryopteris cristata Crested Woodfern Equisetum sylvaticum Woodland Horsetail Eriophorum vaginatum Tussock Cotton Grass Eupatoriadelphus maculatus Spotted Joe Pye Weed Eurybia macrophylla Large‐Leaf Aster Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry Goodyera repens Rattlesnake Plantain Iris versicolor Blue Flag Kalmia polifolia Bog Laurel Larix laricina Tamarack Lathyrus venosus Veiny Pea Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Lonicera villosa Mountain Fly Honeysuckle Lycopodium clavatum Running Clubmoss Lycopodium dendroideum Groundpine Lycopus americanus American Bugleweed Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern Petasites frigidus Arctic Sweet Coltsfoot Picea mariana Black Spruce Pinus banksiana Jack Pine Pinus strobus White Pine Pyrola asarifolia Liverleaf Wintergreen Pyrola secunda One‐sided Pyrola Rhamnus alnifolia Alder‐Leaf Buckthorn Ribes americanum American Black Currant Rubus pubescens Dewberry Salix discolor Pussy Willow Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher Plant Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass Solidago uliginosa Bog Goldenrod Sorbus americana Mountain Ash Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern Triadenum virginicum Marsh St. Johnswort Trientalis borealis Starflower Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvet‐Leaf Blueberry

B‐2 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List APn81a ‐ Poor Black Spruce Swamp Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Acer rubrum Red Maple Acer spicatum Mountain Maple Actaea rubra Baneberry Alnus crispus Green Alder Alnus incana Speckled Alder Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry Andromeda polifolia Bog Rosemary Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Betula pumila Bog Birch Bromus ciliatus Fringed Brome Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Campanula aparinoides Marsh Bellflower Carex buxbaumii Buxbaum's Sedge Carex lasiocarpa Woolly‐Fruit Sedge Carex pauciflora Few‐Flowered Sedge Carex paupercula Bog Sedge Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily Coptis trifolia Goldthread Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cyprepedium acaule Stemless Lady's Slipper Doellingeria umbellata Flat‐Topped Aster Drosera rotundifolia Roundleaf Sundew Fragaria virginiana Woodland Strawberry Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry Glyceria striata Fowl Manna Grass Iris versicolor Blue Flag Kalmia polifolia Bog Laurel Larix laricina Tamarack Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Lycopodium clavatum Running Clubmoss Lycopus americanus American Bugleweed Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower Picea mariana Black Spruce Pinus strobus White Pine Pyrola asarifolia Liverleaf Wintergreen Rubus pubescens Dewberry Salix bebbiana Bebb's Willow Salix discolor Pussy Willow Salix pedicellaris Bog Willow Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher Plant Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass Solidago uliginosa Bog Goldenrod Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Streptopus roseus Rose Twistedstalk Symphyotrichum lanceolatum Panicled Aster Trientalis borealis Starflower Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvet‐Leaf Blueberry Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry Viola macloskeyi Smooth White Violet

B‐3 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List OPn92b ‐ Graminoid‐Sphagnum Rich Fen (Basin) Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Agrostis hyemalis Tickle Grass Alnus incana Speckled Alder Andromeda polifolia Bog Rosemary Betula pumila Bog Birch Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Campanula aparinoides Marsh Bellflower Carex hystericina Bottlebrush Sedge Carex lacustris Lake Sedge Carex lasiocarpa Woolly‐Fruit Sedge Carex paupercula Bog Sedge Carex trisperma Three‐Fruited Sedge Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood Doellingeria umbellata Flat‐Topped Aster Drosera rotundifolia Roundleaf Sundew Eriophorum vaginatum Tussock Cotton Grass Eupatoriadelphus maculatus Spotted Joe Pye Weed Gentiana andrewsii Bottle Gentian Glyceria grandis American Manna Grass Iris versicolor Blue Flag Kalmia polifolia Bog Laurel Larix laricina Tamarack Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Lonicera villosa Swamp Fly Honeysuckle Menyanthes trifoliata Buckbean Nymphaea odorata White Water Lily Picea mariana Black Spruce Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil Rhamnus alnifolia Alder‐Leaf Buckthorn Rosa blanda Wild Rose Rumex orbiculatus Water Dock Sagittaria latifolia Arrowhead Salix bebbiana Bebb's Willow Salix discolor Pussy Willow Salix pedicellaris Bog Willow Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher Plant Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass Solidago uliginosa Bog Goldenrod Spiraea alba Meadowsweet Symphyotrichum puniceum Swamp Aster Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern Thuja occidentalis White Cedar Triadenum virginicum Marsh St. Johnswort Utricularia cornuta Horned Bladderwort Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry Viola macloskeyi Smooth White Violet

B‐4 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List FPn73a ‐ Alder Swamp Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Alnus incana Speckled Alder Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold Campanula aparinoides Marsh Bellflower Carex intumescens Bladder Sedge Chelone glabra Turtlehead Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood Cyprepedium acaule Stemless Lady's Slipper Eupatoriadelphus maculatus Spotted Joe Pye Weed Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw Larix laricina Tamarack Lycopus americanus American Bugleweed Matteucia struthiopterus Ostrich Fern Monotropa uniflora Indian Pipe Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern Petasites frigidus Arctic Sweet Coltsfoot Picea mariana Black Spruce Polygonum convolvulus Wild Buckwheat Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil Prenanthes alba White Lettuce Pyrola asarifolia Liverleaf Wintergreen Ribes hirtellum Swamp Gooseberry Salix bebbiana Bebb's Willow Symphyotrichum puniceum Swamp Aster Viola macloskeyi Smooth White Violet

B‐5 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List WMn82a ‐ Willow‐Dogwood Shrub Swamp Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Acer rubrum Red Maple Agrostis hyemalis Tickle Grass Alnus incana Speckled Alder Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Chamerion angustifolium Fireweed Doellingeria umbellata Flat‐Topped Aster Euthamia graminifolia Grass‐Leaved Goldenrod Glyceria grandis American Manna Grass Glyceria striata Fowl Manna Grass Impatiens capensis Spotted Jewelweed Iris versicolor Blue Flag Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Lycopus americanus American Bugleweed Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Pinus banksiana Jack Pine Ribes hirtellum Swamp Gooseberry Rubus idaeus Red Raspberry Rubus pubescens Dewberry Salix discolor Pussy Willow Salix interior Sandbar Willow Salix petiolaris Meadow Willow Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass Solidago gigantea Giant Goldenrod Sorbus americana Mountain Ash Symphyotrichum puniceum Swamp Aster Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern

B‐6 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List FDn22a ‐ Jack Pine Woodland (Bedrock) Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Achillea millefolium Yarrow Actaea rubra Baneberry Agrostis hyemalis Tickle Grass Amelanchier interior Inland Serviceberry Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting Antennaria neglecta Pussytoes Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi Bearberry Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Campanula rotundifolia Harebell Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern Coptis trifolia Goldthread Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood Corydalis sempervirens Pale Corydalis Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazel Cyprepedium acaule Stemless Lady's Slipper Danthonia spicata Poverty Oatgrass Dichanthelium acuminatum Rosette Grass Dichanthelium depauperatum Panic Grass Diervilla lonicera Lowbush Honeysuckle Dryopteris fragrans Fragrant Woodfern Eurybia macrophylla Large‐Leaf Aster Fragaria virginiana Woodland Strawberry Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry Goodyera tesselata Tesselated Rattlesnake Plantain Hieracium caespitosum Yellow Hawkweed Juniperus communis Common Juniper Lathyrus venosus Veiny Pea Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower Melampyrum lineare Cow Wheat Oryzopsis asperifolia Rough‐Leaved Ricegrass Oryzopsis pungens Mountain Ricegrass Picea glauca White Spruce Picea mariana Black Spruce Pinus banksiana Jack Pine Polygonum convolvulus Wild Buckwheat Polypodium virginianum Common Polypody Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen Prunus susquehanae Appalachian Dwarf Cherry Prunus virginiana Chokecherry Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern Pyrola asarafolia Liverleaf Wintergreen Rosa blanda Wild Rose Rubus idaeus Red Raspberry Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Three‐Leaved Cinquefoil Solidago hispida Hairy Goldenrod Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Lindley's Aster Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry Verbascum thapsus Mullein

B‐7 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List FDn32c1 ‐ Black Spruce‐Jack Pine Woodland, Jack Pine‐Balsam Fir Subtype Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry Acer rubrum Red Maple Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvet‐Leaf Blueberry Actaea rubra Baneberry Alnus crispus Green Alder Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting Anemone quinquefolia Wood Anemone Antennaria neglecta Pussytoes Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi Bearberry Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Bromus ciliatus Fringed Brome Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Chimerion angustifolium Fireweed Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cornus rugosa Round‐Leaved Dogwood Corydalis sempervirens Pale Corydalis Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazel Cyprepedium acaule Stemless Lady's Slipper Danthonia spicata Poverty Oatgrass Dichanthelium depauperatum Panic Grass Diervilla lonicera Lowbush Honeysuckle Doellingeria umbellata Flat‐Topped Aster Dryopteris fragrans Fragrant Woodfern Eurybia macrophylla Large‐Leaf Aster Fragaria virginiana Woodland Strawberry Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen Goodyera tesselata Tesselated Rattlesnake Plantain Houstonia longifolia Long‐Leaf Bluets Juniperus communis Common Juniper Lathyrus venosus Veiny Pea Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Lonicera canadensis Fly Honeysuckle Lycopodium clavatum Running Clubmoss Lycopodium dendroideum Groundpine Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower Melampyrum lineare Cow Wheat Monotropa uniflora Indian Pipe Oryzopsis asperifolia Rough‐Leaved Ricegrass Petasites frigidus Arctic Sweet Coltsfoot Picea mariana Black Spruce Pinus banksiana Jack Pine Pinus strobus White Pine Polygonum convolvulus Wild Buckwheat Potentilla norvegica Norwegian Cinquefoil Prunus virginiana Chokecherry Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern Pyrola asarafolia Liverleaf Wintergreen Ribes americanum American Black Currant Rosa blanda Wild Rose Rubus alleghaniensis Blackberry Rubus pubescens Dewberry Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Three‐Leaved Cinquefoil Solidago hispida Hairy Goldenrod Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod Sorbus americana Mountain Ash Streptopus roseus Rose Twistedstalk Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Trientalis borealis Starflower

B‐8 Mesabi Black Quarry Plant Survey ‐ Species List FDn32c3 ‐ Black Spruce‐Jack Pine Woodland, Jack Pine‐Black Spruce‐Aspen Subtype Plant Species Common Name Plant Species Common Name Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Salix discolor Pussy Willow Acer rubrum Red Maple Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod Acer spicatum Mountain Maple Solidago hispida Hairy Goldenrod Actaea rubra Baneberry Sorbus americana Mountain Ash Agrostis hyemalis Tickle Grass Streptopus roseus Rose Twistedstalk Alnus crispus Green Alder Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Lindley's Aster Amelanchier interior Inland Serviceberry Trientalis borealis Starflower Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry Anemone quinquefolia Wood Anemone Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvet‐Leaf Blueberry Aralia hispida Bristly Sarsaparilla Viburnum trilobum Highbush Cranberry Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi Bearberry Athyrium filix‐femina Lady Fern Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint Carex blanda Woodland Sedge Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa Chimerion angustifolium Fireweed Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern Conyza canadensis Horseweed Coptis trifolia Goldthread Corallorhiza maculata Spotted Coral‐Root Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Cornus rugosa Round‐Leaved Dogwood Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood Corydalis sempervirens Pale Corydalis Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazel Cyprepedium acaule Stemless Lady's Slipper Danthonia spicata Poverty Oatgrass Diervilla lonicera Lowbush Honeysuckle Doellingeria umbellata Flat‐Topped Aster Eurybia macrophylla Large‐Leaf Aster Euthamia graminifolia Grass‐Leaved Goldenrod Fragaria virginiana Woodland Strawberry Galium asprellum Rough Bedstraw Galium trifidum Three‐Petal Bedstraw Galium triflorum Fragrant Bedstraw Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen Hieracium caespitosum Yellow Hawkweed Juniperus communis Common Juniper Lathyrus venosus Veiny Pea Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea Leucanthemum vulgare Ox‐Eye Linnaea borealis Twinflower Lycopodium clavatum Running Clubmoss Lycopodium dendroideum Groundpine Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower Melampyrum lineare Cow Wheat Mitella nuda Naked Miterwort Oryzopsis asperifolia Rough‐Leaved Ricegrass Oryzopsis pungens Mountain Ricegrass Osmunda regalis Royal Fern Petasites frigidus Arctic Sweet Coltsfoot Phegopteris connectilis Long Beech Fern Picea glauca White Spruce Picea mariana Black Spruce Pinus banksiana Jack Pine Pinus strobus White Pine Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen Prunella vulgaris Self‐Heal Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry Prunus susquehanae Appalachian Dwarf Cherry Prunus virginiana Chokecherry Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern Ribes americanum Wild Black Currant Rosa blanda Wild Rose Rubus idaeus Red Raspberry Rubus pubescens Dewberry

Appendix C Photographs

Photo 1 Northern Black Spruce Swamp (Basin) FPn62a

Photo 2 Poor Black Spruce Swamp (APn81a)

Photo 3 Graminoid-Sphagnum Rich Fen (OPn92b)

Photo 4 Alder Swamp (FPn73a)

Photo 5 Willow-Dogwood Shrub Swamp (WMn82a)

Photo 6 Jack Pine Woodland (Bedrock) (FDn22a)

Photo 7 Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland: Jack Pine-Balsam Fir Subtype (FDn32c1)

Photo 8 Black Spruce-Jack Pine Woodland: Jack Pine-Black Spruce-Aspen Subtype (FDn32c3)

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