DOCSLIB.ORG

Healthy Children in Sound Communities

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Healthy Children in Sound Communities Healthy Children in Sound Communities- Community Based Networking for Health Enhanced Physical Activities of Children in China and Germany Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Dr. phil. vorgelegt von Jiali Shen geboren am 16.02.1983 in Huzhou China Fakultät für Bildungswissenschaften der Universität Duisburg-Essen Tag der Disputation : 19.01.2017 Prof. Dr. Roland Naul Prof. Dr. Jessica Süßenbach (Universität Duisburg-Essen) (Universität Duisburg-Essen) CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................ 6 LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................. 8 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 10 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 19 PART A .................................................................................................................................................. 21 1 LITERATURE REVIEW FROM CHINA ................................................................................. 21 1.1 Chinese Sport Development in Physical Activity and Promotion ................... 21 1.1.1 Four Stages of Chinese Sport Development ...................................................... 21 1.1.2 Chinese Physical Activity and Promotion in Schools ....................................... 24 1.1.2.1 Chinese Physical Activity and Promotion in Schools (1980s) .......................... 24 1.1.2.2 Chinese Physical Activity and Promotion in Schools (1990s) .......................... 26 1.1.2.3 Chinese Physical Activity and Promotion in Schools (21 Century) ................. 26 1.2 Public Health Status of China ............................................................................ 29 1.2.1 Public Health Status of Chinese Adults ............................................................. 29 1.2.2 Public Health Status of Chinese Children and Adolescent .............................. 34 1.3 Chinese Nutrition and Diet Report .................................................................... 43 1.4 Chinese Media and Screen Time Report ........................................................... 46 1.5 Chinese Transportation Report .......................................................................... 49 1.6 Chinese Physical Health Standards ................................................................... 52 1.7 Outcomes of Shanghai studies ............................................................................ 59 2 LITERATURE REVIEW FROM GERMANY ......................................................................... 65 2.1 German Sport and Health Report at National Levels ...................................... 66 2.2 German Sport and Health Report at Regional Levels ..................................... 79 2.3 German Nutrition and Diet Report ................................................................... 86 2.4 German Media and Screen Time Report .......................................................... 93 PART B ................................................................................................................................................ 102 3 REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARABLE SCHOOL-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AND HEALTH STUDIES .................................................................................. 102 3.1 Geographical Overview of Children and Adolescent Intervention Studies .. 103 3.2 Parameter by BS and PA Comparable Studies ............................................... 107 3.3 Parameter by BS, PA and Nutrition (diet) Comparable Studies ................... 107 3.4 Parameter by BS, PA , Nutrition and Motor Test Comparable Studies ........ 108 3.5 Summary of Comparable Studies in China and Germany ............................ 114 3.6 Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 119 4 INVESTIGATION OF HCSC PROJECT ................................................................................ 128 4.1 Concept and Strategy of HCSC ........................................................................ 128 4.2 Organization and Construction of HCSC ....................................................... 129 4.3 Arrangements and Implements of HCSC ....................................................... 130 4.4 Evaluation and Supervision of HCSC ............................................................. 133 4.5 Record of HCSC in Germany and Europe ...................................................... 133 4.6 Record of HCSC in Shanghai ........................................................................... 134 PART C ................................................................................................................................................ 136 5 REVIEWS AND HYPOTHESIS BETWEEN CHINA AND GERMANY ............................. 136 5.1 Chinese Results and Outcome of Reviews of Overweight .............................. 136 5.2 Chinese Results and Outcome of Reviews of Motor Development ............... 137 5.3 German Results and Outcome of Reviews of Overweight ............................. 137 5.4 German Results and Outcome of Reviews of Motor Development ............... 138 5.5 Hypothesis of HCSC-CN-DE ............................................................................ 139 2 5.5.1 BMI ..................................................................................................................... 139 5.5.2 Physical development ........................................................................................ 139 6 DATA AND ANALYZE OF HCSC-CN-DE .............................................................................. 141 6.1 HCSC-CN-DE Research Parameter ................................................................ 141 6.2 HCSC-CN-DE Research Method ..................................................................... 141 6.3 HCSC-CN-DE Research Data and Analyzing of BMI ................................... 142 6.3.1 Hypothesis one and two .................................................................................... 142 6.3.2 Hypothesis three and four ................................................................................ 143 6.3.3 Hypothesis five and six ...................................................................................... 144 6.3.4 Hypothesis seven and eight ............................................................................... 144 6.4 HCSC-CN-DE Research Data and Analyzing of Motor Test ......................... 145 6.4.1 Hypothesis one and three .................................................................................. 145 6.4.2 Hypothesis two and four ................................................................................... 146 6.4.3 Hypothesis five, six and seven .......................................................................... 146 6.4.4 Hypothesis eight, nine and ten ......................................................................... 147 6.4.5 Hypothesis eleven, twelve and thirteen ............................................................ 148 6.5 Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 148 PART D ................................................................................................................................................ 149 7 DISCUSSION AND COMPARISONS OF GERMAN RESULTS .......................................... 149 7.1 Comparisons of BMI ......................................................................................... 149 7.2 Comparisons of Motor Tests ............................................................................. 150 7.2.1 Coordination capacity ....................................................................................... 150 7.2.2 Aerobic capacity ................................................................................................ 150 7.2.3 Endurance strength capacity ............................................................................ 150 7.2.4 Explosive capacity ............................................................................................. 151 7.2.5 Agility capacity .................................................................................................. 151 7.2.6 Flexibility capacity ............................................................................................ 152 7.2.7 Discussion ........................................................................................................... 152 7.2.8 Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 153 8 DISCUSSION AND COMPARISONS OF CHINESE RESULTS .......................................... 154 8.1 Comparisons of BMI ......................................................................................... 154 8.2 Comparisons of Motor tests .............................................................................. 155 8.2.1 Coordination capacity ......................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GERMANY /Key Statistics POPULATION: 80,688,545 GINI
    GERMANY /Key Statistics POPULATION: 80,688,545 GINI INDEX: 30.13 General Overweight & Obesity Prevalence (%) By Age & Education By Age & Income Drivers Sugar Vegetables GERMANY Insufficient Activity Confectionery Sweet & Savoury Snacks Fruit Soft Drinks GERMANY Impact Diabetes (Type I & II) High Cholesterol Raised Blood Pressure Cancers GERMANY Cancers Cont. Policies & Interventions Simply healthier, the law on prevention (Einfach gesünder, das Präventionsgesetz) Kinder Bewegen (Children moving) This ongoing national programme promotes everyday physical activity for pre- school children in the kindergarten/daycare setting. Peb und Pebber TV This TV program was a media-based campaign to promote physical activity and healthy eating to pre-school children. The campaign was part of the national strategy to promote healthy eating and physical activity. A total of 15 episodes, and approximately 2-3 minutes per episode focused on education concerning dietary intake and physical activity. Fit am Ball Fit Am Ball is a collaboration between schools and sports clubs to promote ball games, especially football, in extracurricular activities. The national scheme started in 2003 and targets children in grades 3-6. Code on marketing food and non-alcoholic beverages to children Code on marketing to children Fit50+ Aims at improving the general working ability among unemployed. Core elements are healthy living and eating, physical activity and coping. Migrants For Migrants - Intercultural Health In Germany Health promotion for migrants, improving their knowledge about health and German health care through the training of health mediators. Let's go - every step counts Promotes physical activity through health hiking courses and a campaign to collect kilometres walked during one year to earn a hiking badge.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Protein
    nutrients Article Assessing the Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Protein Infant Formula as Early Obesity Prevention Strategy: The CHOP Randomized Trial Diana Sonntag 1,2,* , Freia De Bock 1,3, Martina Totzauer 4 and Berthold Koletzko 4 1 Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty of the Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany 2 Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DDY, UK 3 Federal Centre for Health Education, D-50825 Cologne, Germany 4 Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, 80337 Munich, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-621-383-71816 Received: 8 May 2019; Accepted: 9 July 2019; Published: 19 July 2019 Abstract: Background: Although there is a growing number of early childhood obesity prevention programs, only a few of them are effective in the long run. Even fewer reports exist on lifetime cost-effectiveness of early prevention strategies. This paper aimed to assess the lifetime cost-effectiveness of infant feeding modification aiming at reducing risk of later obesity. Methods: The simulation model consists of two parts: (a) Model I used data from the European Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) trial (up to 6 years) and the German Interview and Examination Survey for Children (KiGGS) (6–17 years) to evaluate BMI trajectories of infants receiving either lower protein (LP) or higher protein (HP) content formula; and (b) Model II estimated lifetime cost-effectiveness based on Model I BMI trajectories. Compared to HP formula, LP formula feeding would incur lower costs that are attributable to childhood obesity across all decades of life.
    [Show full text]
  • The Challenge of Obesity in the WHO European Region and the Strategies for Response
    The WHO Regional Offi ce for Europe The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations created in 1948 with the primary respon- sibility for international health matters and public health. The WHO Regional Offi ce for Europe is one of six regional offi ces throughout the world, each with its own programme geared to the particular health conditions of the countries it serves. In response to the obesity epidemic, the WHO Regional Offi ce for Europe held Member States a conference in November 2006, at which all Member States adopted the Albania Andorra European Charter on Counteracting Obesity, which lists guiding principles and Armenia Austria clear action areas at the local, regional, national and international levels for a Azerbaijan wide range of stakeholders. This book comprises the fi rst of two publications Belarus Belgium from the conference. It includes the Charter and summarizes the concepts Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria and conclusions of the many technical papers written for the conference by a Croatia large group of experts in public health, nutrition and medicine. These papers Cyprus The challenge of obesity Czech Republic comprise the second conference publication. Denmark Estonia Finland France In a brief, clear and easily accessible way, the summary illustrates the dynamics Georgia of the epidemic and its impact on public health throughout the WHO in the WHO European Region and the Germany Greece European Region, particularly in eastern countries. It describes how factors Hungary Iceland that increase the risk of obesity are shaped in diff erent settings, such as the Ireland Israel family, school, community and workplace.
    [Show full text]
  • Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Germany
    Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Germany This is one of the 53 country profiles covering developments in nutrition, physical activity and obesity in the WHO European Region. The full set of individual profiles and an overview report including methodology and summary can be downloaded from the WHO Regional Office for Europe website: http://www.euro.who.int/en/nutrition-country-profiles. © World Health Organization 2013 All rights reserved. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA Total population 81 373 000 Median age (years) 44.2 Life expectancy at birth (years) female | male 82.7 | 77.7 GDP per capita (US$) 43 918.0 GDP spent on health (%) 11.6 © iStockphoto Monitoring and surveillance PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY (%) AMONG Overweight and obesity in three age groups GERMAN ADULTS BASED ON WHO 2008 ESTIMATES Adults (18/20 years and over) Intercountry comparable overweight and obesity estimates from 2008 (1) show 66.8 54.5 that 60.5% of the adult population (> 20 years old) in Germany were overweight and 25.1% were obese. The prevalence of overweight was higher among men (66.8%) than women (54.5%). The proportion of men and women that were obese was 25.9% and 24.4%, respectively. 25.9 24.4 Nationally representative data collected in 2008–2011 show that 67.1% of men Source: WHO Global Health Observatory Data Repository (1). and 53.0% of women aged 18–79 years were overweight (based on measured PREVALENCE OF OBESITY (%) (BMI ≥30.0 KG/M2) AMONG ADULTS IN THE WHO EUROPEAN REGION BASED ON WHO 2008 ESTIMATES 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 NO DATA ITA ISL IRL TJK ISR FIN LVA BIH LTU EST SVK PRT CZE ESP BEL AZE KAZ AUT CYP LUX BLR ALB KGZ FRA SVN POL SRB TUR UZB MLT RUS HRV UKR NLD CHE GRC GBR BGR DNK AND DEU GEO TKM ROU HUN NOR SWE SMR MNE MKD ARM MDA MCO 0 10 20 NO DATA 30 40 50 60 70 PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT (%) (BMI ≥25.0 KG/M2) AMONG ADULTS IN THE WHO EUROPEAN REGION BASED ON WHO 2008 ESTIMATES Notes.
    [Show full text]
  • Health-Related Quality of Life in Overweight German Children and Adolescents
    Finne et al. BMC Public Health 2013, 13:561 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/561 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Health-related quality of life in overweight German children and adolescents: do treatment-seeking youth have lower quality of life levels? Comparison of a clinical sample with the general population using a multilevel model approach Emily Finne1*, Thomas Reinehr2, Anke Schaefer2, Katrin Winkel2 and Petra Kolip1 Abstract Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is reduced in obese children and adolescents, especially in clinical samples. However, little is known regarding the HRQoL of moderately overweight youth. Moreover, several studies have indicated perceived overweight as a critical factor associated with lower HRQoL. Our main objective was to compare HRQoL between treatment-seeking overweight youth and the general adolescent population, whilst separating the effects of treatment-seeking status and perceived weight from those of objective weight status. Methods: WecomparedtheHRQoLofaclinicalsampleofoverweight youth (N=137 patients, mean age±s.e.=11.24±0.15 years) with that of a representative population sample (N=6354, mean age=12.75±0.03 years). The population sample was subdivided into groups based on measured and perceived weight status. We used hierarchical linear models to compare HRQoL subscale scores (self- and parent-reported) between patients and population groups, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and taking into account clustering of the population sample. Results: The parent-reported HRQoL of the treatment sample was significantly lower than that of other overweight youth perceived as ‘too fat’ on two subscales: ‘self-esteem’ and ‘friends’ (effect sizes: d=0.31 and 0.34, respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • General Practice Care of Overweight and Obese Patients: an Analysis from a Health Psychology Perspective
    Fachbereich Erziehungswissenschaft und Psychologie der Freien Universität Berlin GENERAL PRACTICE CARE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE PATIENTS: AN ANALYSIS FROM A HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktorin der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) vorgelegt von Dipl.-Psych. Ulrike Sonntag 2011 Erstgutachten: Prof. Dr. Babette Renneberg Zweitgutachten: Prof. Dr. Vittoria Braun Disputation am 25.11.2011 DANKSAGUNG Ich danke Frau Prof. Dr. Babette Renneberg für die Betreuung dieser Dissertation. Durch zahlreiche Anregungen und Diskussionen im Kolloquium hat sie mich immer wieder zum Nachdenken angeregt und meiner Arbeit wichtige Impulse verliehen. Herzlich möchte ich Frau Prof. Dr. Vittoria Braun für Ihre jahrelange Unterstützung danken. Ihr hohes Engagement für die Allgemeinmedizin hat mich inspiriert und für dieses Promotionsvorhaben motiviert. Ich danke ihr für die großen Freiheiten bei der Bearbeitung dieses Themas, das gleichbleibende Interesse und ihr stetes Vertrauen in mich. Die Zusammenarbeit in diesem Projekt mit meinem Kollegen Dr. Christoph Heintze MPH war stets angenehm und bereichernd. Unsere Diskussionen über die Chancen und Herausforderungen der Versorgung übergewichtiger und adipöser Patienten haben maßgeblich zum Gelingen dieser Arbeit beigetragen. Ebenso danke ich den Mitarbeitern des Instituts für Allgemeinmedizin der Charité, insbesondere Frauke Dohle und Anke Krause, für ihre freundliche Unterstützung. Mein Dank gebührt den Studierenden, v.a. Julia Wiesner, Lynn von Hagen und Anna Brinck, die an diesem Projekt mitgewirkt haben. Insbesondere ihr Engagement bei der Datenerhebung und -aufbereitung hat mir sehr geholfen. Ohne die Patienten und Ärzte die mir bereitwillig Einblicke in ihre Interaktionen lieferten, wäre diese Arbeit nicht möglich gewesen. Ich weiß, dass dieser Schritt nicht immer leicht war und danke sehr für das Vertrauen.
    [Show full text]
  • Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Huebener, Mathias Working Paper Intergenerational effects of education on risky health behaviours and long-term health DIW Discussion Papers, No. 1709 Provided in Cooperation with: German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) Suggested Citation: Huebener, Mathias (2017) : Intergenerational effects of education on risky health behaviours and long-term health, DIW Discussion Papers, No. 1709, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/172831 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu 1709 Discussion Papers Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung 2017 Intergenerational Eff ects of Education on Risky Health Behaviours and Long-Term Health Mathias Huebener Opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect views of the institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Design, Mobility and Obesity: a Study of Obesity in Germany
    Urban Design, Mobility and Obesity: A Study of Obesity in Germany Clotilde Minster Centre for Research on Networks, Industry and Urban Planning (UMR 8504 Géographie-Cités) Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne Working Paper N° 1051 March 2010 Transport Studies Unit School of Geography and the Environment http://www.tsu.ox.ac.uk/ 1 Urban Design, Mobility and Obesity: A Study of Obesity in Germany Clotilde Minster1 Center for Research on Networks, Industry and Urban Planning (UMR 8504 Géographie-Cités) Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne March 2010 Abstract Considerable research has been undertaken in recent years to understand the relationship between urban planning and obesity. This paper examines the implications of transferring this problematic from North America to Europe. Some US academics have shown a positive correlation between suburbanisation and obesity. This issue has recently become a research topic in Europe. The case of Germany is described here, as this country positively encourages the compact city but also has a high level of obesity. To understand this contradiction, statistics are used to quantify the ‘obesity epidemic’ according to administrative districts. The quantitative study is complemented by a qualitative dimension, with an empirical survey among children and observing urban structure, neighbourhood recreational opportunities, food choices and purchases. Areas of obesity and poverty are coterminous, but no evidence is found on the possible links between obesity and urban form. Introduction People who are overweight or obese are usually described by an accumulation of fat, which is due to an imbalance between energy expenditure and calorie intake. This medical situation is most often defined by the Quetelet or Body Mass Index2 (BMI), which is easy to determine using the patient’s height and weight, and the value is obtained by calculating the body mass (kg) divided by the squared height (m2).
    [Show full text]
  • Tackling Obesity by Urban Planning? Recent Research and a European Case Study: Some Evidence and Perspectives Clotilde Minster
    Tackling obesity by urban planning? Recent research and a European case study: some evidence and perspectives Clotilde Minster To cite this version: Clotilde Minster. Tackling obesity by urban planning? Recent research and a European case study: some evidence and perspectives. Built Environment, Alexandrine Press, 2010, vol.36 (n.4), 36p. hal- 00559510 HAL Id: hal-00559510 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00559510 Submitted on 25 Jan 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Tackling obesity by urban planning? Recent research and a European case study: some evidence and perspectives Clotilde Minster, PhD Student, Centre for Research on Networks, Industry and Urban Planning (UMR 8504 Géographie-Cités), Université Paris 1 – Panthéon-Sorbonne / Department of Economics and Sociology of Transports, The French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research (INRETS) Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Considerable research has been undertaken in recent years in order to understand the relationship between being overweight or obese and urban design. Almost all researchers focusing on this link work in North America. However this problematic has recently become a research topic in Europe. Thus, one may question the relevance of the current way of thinking and methodology and its transferability from the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Activity and Body Weight Among German Adolescents - a Longitudinal Consideration
    Physical activity and body weight among German adolescents - a longitudinal consideration Dissertation accepted by the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Dr. phil.) by Annette Henn Department of Sports and Sport Science First supervisor: Prof. Dr. Alexander Woll Second supervisor: Prof. Dr. Filip Mess Day of the oral exam: December 15th, 2015 CONTENTS II Contents Danksagung ........................................................................................................ 4 Preface ................................................................................................................ 5 Tables ................................................................................................................. 6 Figures ................................................................................................................ 6 Abbreviations ...................................................................................................... 7 Summary ............................................................................................................. 8 Zusammenfassung ............................................................................................ 11 1 General introduction ....................................................................................... 15 1.1 Physical activity and health from adolescents to young adulthood .......... 15 1.2 Aims and outline of the dissertation ........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Does Subjective Dietary Knowledge Affect Sugar-Sweetened
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Does Subjective Dietary Knowledge Affect Sugar-Sweetened Carbonated Beverages Consumption and Child Obesity? Empirical Evidence from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China Zeqi Liu 1, Wei Si 1,2, Qiran Zhao 1,2 and Chang Tao 1,* 1 College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; [email protected] (Z.L.); [email protected] (W.S.); [email protected] (Q.Z.) 2 Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Worldwide, overweight and obesity have become an important public health problem affecting the health of children and adolescents. In China, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached 19 percent among the 6–17-year-old age group. Although studies have shown that regular consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), especially sugar-sweetened carbonated beverages (SSCBs), is positively correlated with overweight and obesity among children, the research on ways to reduce SSBs consumption is scarce. This study fills this gap by analyzing data on nearly 4000 students aged between 9–15 from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China, exploring Citation: Liu, Z.; Si, W.; Zhao, Q.; possible influential pathways between subjective dietary knowledge, SSCBs consumption, and child Tao, C. Does Subjective Dietary obesity. The estimation results show that SSCBs consumption significantly mediates the relationship Knowledge Affect Sugar-Sweetened Carbonated Beverages Consumption between dietary knowledge and the incidence of overweight and obesity; the mediated effects are and Child Obesity? Empirical different among subgroups.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence and Determinants of Overweight and Obesity in Old Age
    Hajek et al. BMC Geriatrics DOI 10.1186/s12877-015-0081-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in old age in Germany André Hajek1*, Thomas Lehnert1, Annette Ernst2, Carolin Lange2, Birgitt Wiese3, Jana Prokein3, Siegfried Weyerer4, Jochen Werle4, Michael Pentzek5, Angela Fuchs5, Tobias Luck6, Horst Bickel7, Edelgard Mösch7, Kathrin Heser8, Michael Wagner8,9, Wolfgang Maier8,9, Martin Scherer2, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller6†, Hans-Helmut König1† for the AgeCoDe Study Group Abstract Background: Mean body weight gradually increases with age. Yet, little data exists on the prevalence of excess weight in populations aged 80 years or older. Moreover, little is known about predictors of overweight and obesity in old age. Thus, the purpose of this study was: To present data on the prevalence of excess weight in old age in Germany, to investigate predictors of excess weight in a cross-sectional approach and to examine factors affecting excess weight in a longitudinal approach. Methods: Subjects consisted of 1,882 individuals aged 79 years or older. The course of excess weight was observed over 3 years. Excess weight was defined as follows: Overweight (25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2)andobesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). We used fixed effects regressions to estimate effects of time dependent variables on BMI, and overweight or obesity, respectively. Results: The majority was overweight (40.0 %) or obese (13.7 %). Cross-sectional regressions revealed that BMI was positively associated with younger age, severe walking impairments and negatively associated with cognitive impairments. Excess weight was positively associated with younger age, elementary education, walking impairments and physical inactivity, while excess weight was negatively associated with cognitive impairment.
    [Show full text]